材料化学英语
材料化学英语
材料化学是一门研究材料的组成、结构、性质和制备方法等方面的学科。
随着现代科技的不断发展，材料化学的研究也变得越来越重要。
在这个领域中，英语作为一种国际语言，扮演着非常重要的角色。
本文将介绍材料化学中常用的英语词汇和表达方式。
一、基础词汇
1. Material：材料
2. Chemical：化学的
3. Compound：化合物
4. Element：元素
5. Structure：结构
6. Property：性质
7. Preparation：制备
8. Synthesis：合成
9. Characterization：表征
10. Analysis：分析
11. Reaction：反应
12. Catalyst：催化剂
13. Semiconductor：半导体
14. Polymer：聚合物
15. Nanomaterial：纳米材料
16. Composite：复合材料
17. Alloy：合金
18. Ceramic：陶瓷
19. Glass：玻璃
20. Metal：金属
二、常用表达方式
1. 结构描述
(1) The crystal structure of the material was determined by X-ray diffraction.
(2) The material has a layered structure.
(3) The structure of the compound consists of a central metal ion and several ligands.
(4) The polymer has a linear chain structure.
(5) The composite material is made up of two or more different materials.
2. 性质描述
(1) The material has good thermal stability.
(2) The compound shows excellent conductivity.
(3) The element has a high melting point.
(4) The polymer has good mechanical properties.
(5) The alloy has a high corrosion resistance.
3. 制备描述
(1) The material was synthesized by a sol-gel method.
(2) The compound was prepared by a reaction between A and
B.
(3) The polymer was made by polymerization of monomers.
(4) The nanomaterial was synthesized by a bottom-up approach.
(5) The composite was fabricated by a combination of different techniques.
4. 表征描述
(1) The material was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and FTIR.
(2) The compound was identified by NMR and IR spectroscopy.
(3) The polymer was characterized by DSC and TGA.
(4) The nanomaterial was characterized by AFM and STM.
(5) The composite was characterized by mechanical testing and thermal analysis.
5. 反应描述
(1) The material reacts with oxygen to form oxide.
(2) The compound undergoes a redox reaction with H2.
(3) The element reacts with halogen to form a salt.
(4) The polymer undergoes a crosslinking reaction.
(5) The alloy reacts with acid to form a salt and hydrogen gas.
三、总结
本文介绍了材料化学中常用的英语词汇和表达方式，包括基础词汇和常用表达方式。
这些词汇和表达方式对于学习和研究材料化学非常重要，有助于更好地理解和交流。
在学习材料化学的过程中，我们需要掌握这些词汇和表达方式，以便更好地进行学习和研究。
材料化学英文
材料化学英文Materials Chemistry。
Materials chemistry is a branch of chemistry that focuses on the study of the properties and applications of materials. It involves the synthesis, characterization, and manipulation of materials to create new and improved products. The field of materials chemistry is interdisciplinary, drawing on principles from chemistry, physics, and engineering to understand and control the behavior of materials.One of the key areas of materials chemistry is the development of new materials with specific properties for various applications. This involves the design and synthesis of materials with tailored properties, such as strength, conductivity, or optical properties. For example, materials chemists may work to develop new materials for use in electronics, energy storage, or biomedical applications.In addition to creating new materials, materials chemistry also focuses on understanding the structure-property relationships of existing materials. By studying the atomic and molecular structure of materials, researchers can gain insight into their properties and behavior. This knowledge can then be used to develop strategies for improving the performance of materials or creating new materials with enhanced properties.Materials chemistry also plays a crucial role in the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. With the growing concern over the environmental impact of traditional materials and manufacturing processes, materials chemists are working to develop new materials and processes that are more sustainable. This may involve the use of renewable resources, the development of biodegradable materials, or the design of materials with reduced energy and resource requirements.Another important aspect of materials chemistry is the study of materials under extreme conditions, such as high temperatures, pressures, or radiation. Understandinghow materials behave under these conditions is essential for applications in fields such as aerospace, nuclear energy, and high-performance materials.In conclusion, materials chemistry is a diverse and dynamic field that plays a critical role in the development of new materials and the improvement of existing materials. By understanding the structure-property relationships of materials and developing new materials with tailored properties, materials chemists are driving innovation and addressing important challenges in areas such as energy, healthcare, and the environment. As the field continues to evolve, materials chemistry will undoubtedly play an increasingly important role in shaping the future of technology and society.。
(完整版)化学英语词汇
●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethylene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。
化学课程英文名称对照表
化学课程英文名称对照表磁共振实验Magnetic Resonance Experiment磁共振在化学和生命科学中应用Application of Magnetic Resonance inChemistry and Life Science核磁共振波谱学Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy核磁共振新技术及其应用Movdern Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its Application角动量理论与原子结构Angular Momentum Theory & Atomic Structure聚合物改性原理与流变学The Principle of Modification and Theology of Polymer量子化学Quantum Chemistry量子化学计算方法Quantum Chemistry B谱学原理和应用Principles of Spectroscopes and TheirChemical Applications群论及其在量子化学中的应用Group Theory and Its Application to QuantumChemistry材料化学导论Introduction of Material Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry高等无机化学Advanced Inorganic Chemistry高等有机化学Advanced Organic Chemistry结构化学Structural Chemistry结构化学Structural Chemistry无机化学Inorganic Chemistry无机化学Inorganic Chemistry无机及分析化学Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry无机及分析化学Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry仪器分析Instrumental Analysis仪器分析Instrumental Analysis仪器分析Instrumental Analysis有机化学Organic Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry量子无机化学Quantum Inorganic Chemistry量子有机化学Quantum Organic Chemistry植物生长与发育的化学调整Chemical Adjustment of Plant's Growth分析化学Analysis Chemistry分析化学及实验Analytical Chemistry and Experiment分析化学实验Experiment of Analytical Chemistry计算机基础(C语言) Computer Basis C Language普通物理学General Physics无机化学实验Experiment in Inorganic Chemistry无机化学实验Experiment in Inorganic Chemistry无机化学实验Experiment in Inorganic Chemistry无机化学实验Experiment in inorganic Chemistry物理化学实验Experiment of Physical Chemistry物理化学实验Experiment of Physical Chemistry物理化学实验Experiment of Physical Chemistry物理化学实验Experiment of Physical Chemistry仪器分析实验Experiments of Instrument Analysis有机化学实验Organic Chemistry Experiment有机化学实验Organic Chemistry Experiment有机过渡金属化学Organotransition Metal ChemistryX射线晶体结构分析Crystal Structure Analysis by X-ray电分析化学实验Experiment in Electroanalytical Chemistry分子发光分析Molecular Luminescence Analysis分子发光分析进展Advances in Molecular Luminescence Analysis 高分子材料化学Polymer Chemistry高分子材料研究方法Research Methods of Polymeric Materials高分子合成与分子设计Polymeric Synthesis and Molecular Design 高分子化学实验Experiment of Polymeric Chemistry高分子物理实验Experiment of Polymer Physics化学分离法Chemical Method of Separation化学计量学Chemometrics化学统计力学和应用Statistical Mechanics and Applications in Chemistry化学文献Chemical Document化学文献Scientific Literature in Chemistry化学文献Chemical Literature化学文献Chemical Literature Searching金属有机高聚物Metallic Organic Polymer近代电分析Electroanalytical Chemistry近代分离分析Analytical Separation and Chromatography近代光分析Modern Light Analysis配位化学* Coordination Chemistry配位化学选读Selective Topics on Modern Coordination Chemistry无机材料化学The Chemistry of Inorganic Materials无机材料实验Experiment in Inorganic Materials无机材料物理Polymeric Materials Physics无机合成与研究方法Synthesis and Research Methods for Inorganic Substance无机物研究法Research Methods of Inorganic Substance 无机元素化学Inorganic Elements Chemistry物化专门化实验Physical Chemistry Experiment物化专门化实验Physical Chemistry Experiment物化专门化实验Physical Chemistry Experiment物理有机化学Physical Organic Chemistry仪器分析选读Advanced Instrumentation in Chemistry有机分析Analysis and Structure Determination of Organic Compounds有机分析实验Organic Analytic Experiment有机合成Organic Synthesis有机合成化学Synthetic Organic Chemistry有机合成实验Organic Synthesis Experiment有机化学文献Document of Organic Chemistry专业英语(分析) Scientific English on Analytical Chemistry 专业英语(无机) Specialty English专业英语(有机) Subject English专业英语(物化) Chemistry English生物无机化学Bioinorganic Chemistry生物无机化学Bioinorganic Chemistry材料工程导论Introduction of Materials Engineering 环境分析化学Environmental Analytical Chemistry 界面化学Surface Chemistry应用电化学Applied Electronic chemistry荧光分析法Flueremetry普通化学General Chemistry普通化学实验General Chemistry Experiments。
初中物理化学英语名词汇总
化学中的英语单词explosion[ɪk'sploʒən]爆炸(=burst,联系时政)saturated['sætʃə,retɪd] solution[sə'luʃən]饱和溶液unsaturated solution不饱和溶液pure [pjur] substance ['sʌbstəns]纯净物catalyst ['kætəlɪst]催化剂deliquesce[,dɛlə'kwɛs]潮解ozone ['ozon]臭氧 electron[ɪ'lɛktrɑn]电子elementary [,ɛlə'mɛntərɪ] substance 单质nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮气starch [stɑrtʃ]淀粉protein ['protiɪn]蛋白质 carbon ['kɑrbən] dioxide [daɪ'ɑksaɪd]二氧化碳steel 钢preparation [,prɛpə'reʃən] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳制法 gold 金properties ['prɑpɚ taɪs] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳性质 air 空气use of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳用途molecule ['mɑlə,kjul]分子phenolphthalein['finɔl'θælin]酚酞reactant [rɪ'æktənt]反应物non-metal element ['ɛləmənt]非金属元素chemical change 化学变化decomposition [,dikɑmpə'zɪʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]分解反应alloy ['ælɔɪ]合金double decomposition reaction复分解反应valence ['veləns]化合价compound['kɑmpaund] fertilizer ['fɝtl,aɪzɚ]复合肥料 mixture['mɪkstʃɚ]混合物composite [kəm'pɑzɪt] materials[met'raɪəls]复合材料 nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] change 核电荷chemical property ['prɑpɚtɪ]化学性质chemical formula['fɔrmjələ]化学式compound ['kɑmpaund]化合物chemical equation [ɪ'kweʃən]化学方程式 combination [,kɑmbə'neʃən] reaction 化学反应 coal 煤slow oxidation[,ɑksə'deʃən]缓慢氧化reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction 还原反应fossil['fɑs!] fuel['fjuəl]化石燃料 synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] rubber['rʌbɚ]合成橡胶synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] fiber['faɪbɚ]合成纤维 chemical fertilizer['fɝtl,aɪzɚ] 化学肥料metal element金属元素crystal ['krɪst!]晶体crystallization[,krɪst!ɪ'zeʃən]结晶alkali['ælkə,laɪ]结晶diamond ['daɪəmənd]金刚石methane['mɛθen]甲烷methanol['mɛθə,nol]甲醇composition of air 空气的组成air pollution 空气污染liquefaction [,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] of air 空气液化separation[,sɛpə'reʃən] of air 空气分离mineral['mɪnərəl]矿物（新概念词汇）ion['aɪən]离子sulphuric acid ['æsɪd]硫酸（acid酸，新概念词汇） extinguisher [ɪk'stɪŋgwɪʃɚ]灭火器sodium['sodɪəm]chloride['sodɪəm]氯酸钠aluminium[,æljə'mɪnɪəm]铝pesticide ['pɛstɪ,saɪd]农药nano-materials[mə'tɪrɪəls]纳米农药glucose['glukos]葡萄糖hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢气properties of hydrogen 氢气的性质hydrochloric acid 氢气酸sodium ['sodɪəm] hydroxide [haɪ'drɑks,aɪd]氢氧化钠combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧calcium ['kælsɪəm] hydroxide 氢氧化钙dissolved[kəm'bʌstʃən]溶解solution[sə'luʃən]溶液solvent['sɑlvənt]溶剂solute[sɑ'ljut]溶质 solubility [,sɑljə'bɪlətɪ]溶解度solubility curve [kɝv]溶解度曲线mass fraction ['frækʃən] of solute 溶质质量分数emulsion [ɪ'mʌlʃən]乳浊液pig iron ['aɪɚn]生铁product ['prɑdəkt]生成物 acid ['æsɪd]酸acidity [ə'sɪdətɪ] and basicity [be'sɪsətɪ]酸碱度water 水composition of water 水的组成water pollution 水的污染graphite['græfaɪt]石墨acid rain酸雨litmus['lɪtməs]石蕊food additive ['ædətɪv]食品添加剂petroleum[pə'trolɪəm]石油plastics['plæstɪks]塑料carbon碳properties of carbon 碳的性质carbohydrate['kɑrbə'haɪdret]碳水化合物iron['aɪɚn]铁sodium carbonate ['kɑrbə,net]碳酸钠nature gas 天然气physical ['fɪzɪk!] change 物理变化physical property物理性质amorphous [ə'mɔrfəs] carbon 无定形碳 vitamin['vaɪtəmɪn]维生素greenhouse effect [ɪ'fɛkt]温室效应copper['kɑpɚ]洞relative ['rɛlətɪv] atomic [ə'tɑmɪk] mass 相对原子质量rust [rʌst]铁锈relative molecular [mə'lɛkjəlɚ] mass 相对分子质量rare[rɛr] gas 稀有气体nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid 硝酸atom ['ætəm]原子atomic [ə'tɑmɪk]structure ['strʌktʃɚ]原子结构atomic nucleus ['njuklɪəs]原子核anion ['æn,aɪən]阳离子cation ['kætaɪən]阴离子element 元素symbols['sɪmb!s] for elements元素符号periodic [,pɪrɪ'ɑdɪk] table of the elements 元素周期表 salt [sɔlt]盐atomic group [grup]原子团oxidation [,ɑksə'deʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]氧化反应oxide [rɪ'ækʃən]氧化物oxygen['ɑksədʒən]氧气preparation of oxygen 氧气的制法properties of oxygen 氧气的性质use of oxygen 氧气的性质drinking water 饮用水hard water 硬水carbon monoxide[mɑn'ɑksaɪd]一氧化碳properties of carbon monoxide 一氧化碳的性质drug 药品organic [ɔr'gænɪk] compound ['kɑmpaund]有机物acetic [ə'sitɪk] acia乙酸ethanol ['ɛθə,nol]乙醇nutrient ['njutrɪənt]营养品oil 油proton['protɑn]质子neutron['njutrɑn]中子displacement reaction [rɪ'ækʃən]置换反应law of conservation [,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of mass 质量守恒定律 fat脂肪neutralization [,nutrələ'zeʃən] reaction 中和反应sucrose ['sjukros]蔗糖autoignition 自燃indicator ['ɪndə,ketɚ]指示剂alkali['ælkə,laɪ]碱reactive[rɪ'æktɪv]活泼react[rɪ'ækt]反应filter['fɪltɚ]过滤filtrate['fɪltret]滤液test [tɛst] tube[tjub]试管spirit lamp酒精灯 chemical apparatus[,æpə'retəs]化学仪器dropper['drɑpɚ]滴管asbestos [æs'bɛstəs] network['nɛt,wɝk]石棉网Set cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]集气瓶Glass rod[rɑd]玻璃棒Condenser冷凝管jar [dʒɑr]广口瓶Flask锥形瓶Rubber plug[plʌg]橡皮塞Medicine spoon药匙Filter paper滤纸Forceps镊子Crucible tongs[tɔŋz]坩埚钳beaker['bikɚ]烧杯Graduated cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]量筒Particle['pɑrtɪk!]微粒light点燃Electrolysis电解Heating加热Molecule[mə'lɛkj ul]分子Sink水槽Boiled煮沸Thermometer ['θɝmə,græf]温度计liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən]液化vaporize['vepə,raɪz]汽化solidify[sə'lɪdə,faɪ]凝固condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华sublime[sə'blaɪm]升华melt[mɛlt]熔化evaporate[ɪ'væpə,ret]蒸发alum ['æləm]明矾Conductive[kən'dʌktɪv]导电Solid固态Battery['bætərɪ]干电池Diamond钻石Alcohol['ælkə,hɔl]酒精dry ice干冰Vapor ['vepɚ]汽态Liquid ['lɪkwɪd] state[stet]液态rust[rʌst]铁锈Liquid ['lɪkwɪd]液体Reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction还原反应Dissolve[dɪ'zɑlv]溶解Peroxide[pə'rɑksaɪd]过氧化氢acetic [ə'sitɪk] acid醋酸Potassium [pə'tæsɪəm] permanganate[pɝ'mæŋgə,net]高锰酸钾Biological [,baiə'lɔdʒikəl] Trace Element生物微量元素Caustic ['kɔstɪk]soda烧碱（soda苏打）- Soda ash[æʃ]纯碱Hydrated ['haɪdretɪd] lime[laɪm]熟石灰Quicklime ['kwɪk,laɪm]生石灰Limestone石灰石Activated ['æktə,vetɪd] Carbon活性炭Soda苏打Baking soda小苏打dilute [daɪ'lut]稀释carbonic [kɑr'bɑnɪk] acid碳酸nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid硝酸sulfuric [sʌl'fjurɪk] acid硫酸hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮sodium ['sodɪəm]钠magnesium ['mæg'niʃɪəm]镁aluminum [ə'lumɪnəm]铝phosphorous ['fɑsfərəs]磷sulfur ['sʌlfɚ]硫chlorine ['klorin]氯potassium [pə'tæsɪəm]钾calcium ['kælsɪəm]钙titanium [taɪ'tenɪəm]钛iron ['aɪɚn]铁copper ['kɑpɚ]铜zinc [zɪŋk]锌silver ['sɪlvɚ]银iodine ['aɪə,daɪn]碘初中物理英语名词mechanical motion['moʃən] 机械运动 motion运动 reference['rɛfərəns] object 参照物 rest静止 velocity[və'lɑsətɪ] 速度sound 声音uniform rectilinear[,rɛktə'lɪnɪɚ] motion 匀速直线运动variable['vɛrɪəb!] rectilinear motion 变速直线运动musical sound 乐音noise 噪音pitch[pɪtʃ]音调（frequently频繁的）frequency['frikwənsɪ]频率loudness 响度musical quality['kwɑlətɪ]音色ultrasound：['ʌltrə,saund]超声infrasonic sound[,ɪnfrə'sɑnɪk]次声light 光reflection[rɪ'flɛkʃən] of light 光的反射mirror reflection 镜面反射diffuse[dɪ'fjuz] reflection 漫反射refraction [rɪ'frækʃən] of light 光的折射conves ['kɑnvɛks] lens [lɛnz] 凸透镜concave ['kɑnkev] lens凹透镜convergent[kən'vɝdʒənt] lens 汇聚透镜(凸透镜) divergent [daɪ'vɝdʒənt] lens 发散透镜（凹透镜）force[fors]力elastic[ɪ'læstɪk] force 弹力gravity['grævətɪ]重力 weight [wet]物重（重力）center of gravity重心sliding['slaɪdɪŋ] frictional['frɪkʃənəl] force滑动摩擦力Newton’s first law 牛顿第一定律inertia [ɪn'ɝʃə]惯性mass[mæs] 质量density['dɛnsətɪ]密度buoyancy['bɔɪənsɪ] force浮力pressure ['prɛʃɚ]压力（相同，注意理解）pressure压强atmospheric [,ætməs'fɛrɪk] pressure 气压standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压lever['lɛvɚ]杠杆fixed pulley['pulɪ]定滑轮movable ['muvəb!] pulley动滑轮mechanicl work 机械功power功率mechanicl efficiency[ɪ'fɪʃənsɪ]机械效率kinetic energy：[kɪ'nɛtɪk]动能energy 能量potential energy[pə'tɛnʃəl]势能mechanicl energy 机械能crystal['krɪst!]晶体noncrystal非晶体melt ing['mɛltɪŋ]熔化melting point [pɔɪnt] 熔点vaporization [,vepərə'zeʃən]汽化 boiling ['bɔɪlɪŋ]沸腾vaporation蒸发sublimation[,sʌblə'meʃən]升华solidification[sə,lɪdəfə'keʃən]凝固solidifying：[sə'lɪdə,faɪ] point 凝固点liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] 液化condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华internal [ɪn'tɝn!] energy 内能heat quantity：['kwɑntətɪ] 热量specific[spɪ'sɪfɪk] heat capacity [kə'pæsətɪ]比热容heat engine ['ɛndʒən]热机internal-combustion[kəm'bʌstʃən] engine 内燃机electric [ɪ'lɛktrɪk] charge [tʃɑrdʒ]电荷positive ['pɑzətɪv] charge 正电荷negative ['nɛgətɪv] charge 负电荷series['siriz] connection [kə'nɛkʃən]串联parallel['pærə,lɛl]connection并联 electric current ['kɝənt] 电流ampere [æm'pɪr]安培voltage ['voltɪdʒ]电压volt福特ohm‘s law 欧姆定律electric power 电功率rated ['retɪd] voltage 额定电压rated current 额定电流rated power 额定功率electromagnetic [ɪ'lɛktromæg'nɛtɪk] induction [ɪn'dʌkʃən]电磁感应现象induced electric current感应电流lightguide[laɪtgaɪd] fiber ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维elasticity[ɪ,læs'tɪsətɪ]弹性hardness硬度 ducility延展性chemical energy 化学能nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] energy 核能law of conservation[,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of energy 能量守恒定律renewable [rɪ'njuəb!] energy source [sors]可再生能源（注意“核-nuclear”-联系时政）nonrenewable energy source 不可再生能源nuclear fission ['fɪʃən]核裂变nuclear fusion['fjuʒən] 核聚变geothermal [,dʒio'θɝm!] energy地热能tidal ['taɪd!] energy 潮汐能wind energy 风能angle ['æŋg!] of emergence[ɪ'mɝdʒəns]出射角light beam[bim]光束/光柱angle of incidence ['ɪnsədns]入射角light ray 光线angle of reflection [rɪ'flɛkʃən]反射角light source[sors]光源angle of refraction[rɪ'frækʃən]折射角mains frequency ['frikwənsɪ]市电频率 apparent [ə'pærənt] depth [dɛpθ]视深medium['midɪəm]介质 binoculars[bɪ'nɑkjəlɚs]双筒望远（新概念词汇）boiler['bɔɪlɚ]锅炉microwave ['maɪkro,wev]微波mirage[mə'rɑʒ]海市蜃楼，蜃景Celsius temperature scale[skel]摄氏温标mirror 镜change of state 物态变化multiple ['mʌltəp!] image['ɪmɪdʒ]复像multiple reflection 多次反射condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝结，凝聚mutually ['mjutʃuəlɪ] perpendicular[,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ]互相垂直的colour 颜色condensation[,kɑndɛn'seʃən] point 凝点，凝结点normal 法线coolant['kulənt]冷却剂object 物，物体cooling curve[kɝv]冷却曲 object distance 物距critical ['krɪtɪk!] angle 临界optical ['ɑptɪk!] fibre ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维，光纤degree [dɪ'gri]度optical ['ɑptɪk!] illusion [ɪ'ljuʒən]光幻象，视错觉degree Celsius（ce ntigrade）摄氏度optically ['ɑptɪklɪ] dense medium['midɪəm]光密介质deviation[,divɪ'eʃən]偏向，偏差optically less dense[dɛns] medium 光疏介质。
化学工程与工艺专业英语单词
1.carbonate 碳化 polypropylene 聚丙烯epoxy 环氧树脂 vinyl 乙烯基，乙烯树脂acetate 醋酸盐 spectrum 光谱phamarceutical 药物，医药的formaldehyde 甲醛 the lion’s share 较大部分silica 二氧化硅 ammonium 铵基polyester 聚酯1.1钠 sodium 钾 potassium 磷 phosphorus 氨 ammonia 聚合物 polymer 聚乙烯 polyethylene 氯化物 chloride 黏度 viscosity烃 hydrocarbon 催化剂 catalyst 炼油厂 refinery 添加剂 additive2.quantum 量子 strain 菌种，品系 mould 霉菌；模具 phenol 酚，石碳酸 sulphate 硫酸，硫酸盐 carbide碳化物foul 犯规，弄脏 scrub 擦洗semi-technical 半工业化的fermenter 发酵罐 CFC 含氯氟烃 refrigerant 制冷剂2.2试剂 reagent 单体 monomer丙酮 acetone 脉动 pulsation 乙炔acetylene 硫 sulfur 盐酸 hydrochloric acid停车时间 down time杂质 impurity 反应器 reactor（使）优化 optimize 纯度 purity3 reactant 反应，反应物 distillation 蒸馏compressor 压缩机pilot-plant 中试specification 规格flow sheet 流程图nozzle 喷嘴 corrosion腐蚀 sensor传感器 atrophy萎缩 on-line在线 commission投产3.1间歇的 interval 反应器 reactor 放大 scaling up 热交换器 heat exchanger 创新 innovation 术语 terminology 阀 valve 流程图flow sheet 梯度 gradient 组成 composition 杂质 impurity 模拟simulate 8 antiknock 抗爆的 alkylation 烷基取代finishing 精加工 desalt 脱盐differentiate 区分 diesel oil 柴油lubricating oil 润滑油 precursor 产物母体stripper 汽提塔 carbonium 正碳 radical 基，原子团 predominate 占优势degradation 降解 heterocyclic 杂环的stationary 固定的 in situ 在现场8.1 管式的 tubular 加氢裂解 hydrocracking 异构化 isomerization 组成constituent热解 pyrolysis 腐蚀 corrosion 残余物 residue液化石油气 LPG= liquefied petroleum gas脱氢 dehydrogenation 芳构化aromatization专利 patent 参数 parameter降解degradation 定量地quantitatively 定性地 qualitatively 选择性 selectivity9 oligomer 低聚物 macromer 高聚物copolymer 共聚物 propagation 增长传播vulcanization 硫化 stiffness 刚度fabricate 制造，生产 linear 线性的reproducibility 再生性 residence time 停留时间coagulation 凝固 foresight 预知 coordination 配位，配合stereochemical 有规立构的 plug flow 活塞流 injection-moulding 注塑成型9.1官能团 functional group 单体 monomer构架 backbone 模数modulus 复合材料 composite 非均相的 heterogeneous潜热 latent heat 显热 sensible heat 热固性的 thermoset 热塑性的thermoplastic 无定形的 amorphous 交联 cross-linking随机的 random 等温的 isothermal 吸附 absorption 离心 centrifuge13 lixiviation 浸提 filter aid 助滤剂flammability 易燃性 isotope 同位素sedimentation 沉淀 settling 沉降correlation 相关（性） funnel 漏斗baffle 挡板 agglomeration凝聚 configuration 构造 tangentially 成切线droplet 液滴vortex 涡流drag 阻力holdup 滞留量13.1 溶解 dissolution溶液 solution溶质 solute 溶剂 solvent 平衡级equilibrium stage 不互溶的 immiscible 浸取 leaching 过滤 filter提纯purification 板框压滤机 plate and frame press 旋风分离机 cyclone逆流counter current板式塔 plate tower填料塔 packed tower 孔板 orifice 液泛 flooding18 algorithm 算法 discrete 离散的by and large 一般来说 update 不断改进rate（v.）评价revise 修正deploy 展开 constraint 约束dynamic 动态 static 静态 correlation 相关 generalization 概括18.1算法 algorithm 灵敏度 sensitivity动态模型 dynamic model 预测predict 参数 parameter 系数 coefficient关系式 relationship 变量 variable 模拟 simulation 最优化 optimization 权衡 trade-off 验证 verification21 stratosphere 平流层 troposphere 对流层 CFC 含氯氟烃bombardment 辐照remediation 修补 on-site 现场的devastate 破坏 microbe 微生物insecticide杀虫剂 coax 耐心处理 domain 领域 retrenchment 紧缩ubiquitous 普遍的 pervasive 弥漫的 serviceability 使用可靠 prevail 占优势21.1 紫外的 ultraviolet 臭氧 ozone可生物降解的 biodegradable 烷基苯磺酸盐 alkylbenzene sulfonate 污水 wastewater温室效应 greenhouse effect 污染 pollution 膜分离 membrane separation 气力输送 pneumatic conveying 粉煤灰 fly ash辛烷值 octane rating 氢脆 hydrogen embrittlement。
①1001英语②2281材料物理③3281材料化学
①1001英语②2281材料物理③3281材料化学全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Materials science is a field that encompasses the study of materials, their properties, and their applications in various fields such as physics, chemistry, and engineering. In this document, we will explore three specific areas of materials science: 1001 English, 2281 Materials Physics, and 3281 Materials Chemistry.1001 English is a course that focuses on the language and literature of the English-speaking world. Students in this course will study a variety of texts, ranging from classic works of literature to contemporary pieces of writing. Through the study of these texts, students will improve their reading, writing, and critical thinking skills. Additionally, students will learn about the history and development of the English language, as well as its cultural significance.2281 Materials Physics is a course that delves into the physical properties of materials and their behavior under various conditions. Students in this course will learn about the structure of materials at the atomic and molecular level, as well as therelationship between structure and properties. By studying topics such as crystallography, mechanical properties, and thermal properties, students will gain a deeper understanding of how materials can be engineered and manipulated for specific applications.3281 Materials Chemistry focuses on the chemical composition and behavior of materials. In this course, students will learn about the synthesis and characterization of materials, as well as their reactivity and interactions with other substances. By studying topics such as solid-state chemistry, surface chemistry, and nanomaterials, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of how chemistry plays a crucial role in the development and design of new materials for various industries.Overall, the study of materials science encompasses a wide range of disciplines and offers a unique opportunity for students to explore the fundamental properties of matter and how they can be harnessed for technological advancements. Through courses such as 1001 English, 2281 Materials Physics, and 3281 Materials Chemistry, students can develop a broad understanding of materials science and its applications in the modern world.篇2Material science is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from physics and chemistry to study the properties and structure of materials. In this article, we will delve into three specific areas within material science:1. 1001 English: English plays a crucial role in material science as it is the universal language for communication and documentation in the field. Scientists and researchers from different countries rely on English to share their findings, collaborate on projects, and publish their research in international journals. Proficiency in English is essential for success in material science, as it allows scientists to effectively communicate their ideas and discoveries with their peers around the world. Additionally, English language skills are vital for presenting research at conferences, writing reports, and participating in discussions within the scientific community. Overall, mastering English is a key component of a successful career in material science.2. 2281 Materials Physics: Materials physics is a branch of material science that focuses on the physical properties and behavior of materials. Physicists study the structure, properties, and behavior of materials at the atomic and molecular levels tounderstand how they interact with each other and with external stimuli. By applying principles of physics, such as quantum mechanics and thermodynamics, physicists can predict and manipulate the properties of materials to improve their performance in various applications. Materials physicists play a crucial role in developing new materials with enhanced properties, such as superconductors, semiconductors, and nanomaterials, which have the potential to revolutionize technology and industry. The study of materials physics is essential for advancing our understanding of the fundamental nature of materials and enabling the development of innovative technologies.3. 3281 Materials Chemistry: Materials chemistry is another important subfield of material science that focuses on the chemical composition, structure, and properties of materials. Chemists study the interactions between atoms and molecules within materials to understand how they affect the material's properties and behavior. By synthesizing and analyzing new materials, chemists can design materials with specific properties for various applications, such as catalysis, energy storage, and drug delivery. Materials chemistry plays a vital role in developing new materials with improved performance, durability, and sustainability, which are essential for addressing globalchallenges, such as climate change, energy storage, and healthcare. The study of materials chemistry is essential for advancing our understanding of the relationship between chemical composition and material properties and for developing new materials with tailored properties for specific applications.In conclusion, material science is a diverse and interdisciplinary field that combines principles from physics and chemistry to study the properties and structure of materials. English, materials physics, and materials chemistry are three key areas within material science that are essential for advancing our understanding of materials and developing new materials with enhanced properties for various applications. By mastering English, studying materials physics, and exploring materials chemistry, scientists and researchers can contribute to the advancement of material science and the development of new technologies that will shape the future.篇3Materials science and engineering is a field that combines principles from physics and chemistry to study the properties and behavior of different materials. In this article, we will explorethree key courses in this field: 1001 English, 2281 Materials Physics, and 3281 Materials Chemistry.First, let's discuss 1001 English. While this course may seem unrelated to materials science at first glance, effective communication is crucial in any field of study. In 1001 English, students learn how to write clear and concise reports, technical documents, and research papers. These skills are essential for materials scientists and engineers when communicating their findings to colleagues, presenting research at conferences, or writing grant proposals. Additionally, English proficiency is important for collaborating with researchers from around the world and accessing valuable scientific literature published in English.Next, let's delve into 2281 Materials Physics. This course focuses on the physical properties of materials, such as their mechanical, thermal, electrical, and magnetic behavior. Students learn how the structure and composition of materials at the atomic and molecular level dictate their macroscopic properties. Through experiments and simulations, students explore concepts such as crystal structures, phase transformations, and material defects. Understanding materials physics is essential for designing new materials with optimized properties for specificapplications, such as lightweight composites for aerospace or high-strength alloys for automotive components.Finally, we come to 3281 Materials Chemistry. This course examines the chemical composition and bonding in materials, as well as their interactions with other substances. Students learn about the synthesis of materials through various chemical processes, such as sol-gel methods, solid-state reactions, and polymerization. They also study the role of defects, dopants, and impurities in influencing material properties. Materials chemistry is crucial for developing advanced materials with tailored properties, such as semiconductors for electronics, catalysts for chemical reactions, or biomaterials for medical implants.In conclusion, the fields of materials science and engineering encompass a wide range of disciplines, including English, physics, and chemistry. By integrating knowledge from these areas, researchers and engineers can discover new materials, improve existing ones, and solve technological challenges in areas such as energy, electronics, healthcare, and transportation. Courses like 1001 English, 2281 Materials Physics, and 3281 Materials Chemistry provide students with the foundational knowledge and skills needed to excel in this exciting and rapidly evolving field.。
化学学习常用英文
Chlorine(Cl) 氯
Chromium(Cr) 铬
Cobalt(Co) 钴
Copper(Cu) 铜
Curium(Cm) 锔
Dysprosium( Dy) 镝
Einsteinium(Es) 锿
Erbium(Er) 铒
Europium( Eu) 铕
Fermium(Fm) 镄
oxidization, oxidation 氧化
reducer 还原剂
dissolution 分解
synthesis 合成
reversible 可逆的
氨ammonia
氨基酸amino acid
铵盐ammonium salt
饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
Barium(Ba) 钡
Berkelium( Bk) 锫
Beryllium( Be) 铍
Bismuth(Bi) 铋
Boron( B) 硼
Bromine( Br) 溴
Cadmium(Cd) 镉
Caesium(Cs) 铯
Calcium(Ca) 钙
Californium(Cf) 锎
Carbon(C) 碳
Thulium(Tm) 铥
Titanium(Ti) 钛
Tungsten(W) 钨
Uranium(U) 铀
Vanadium(V) 钒
Xenon(Xe) 氙
Ytterbium( Yb) 镱
Yttrium( Y) 钇
Zinc( Zn) 锌
Zirconium( Zr) 锆
Bunsen burner 本生灯
化学及化工专业英语词汇（F）
化学及化工专业英语词汇(F)f acid f 酸f distribution f 分布fabric 织物fabric filler 织物填料fabrication 制造face centered cubic lattice 面心立方晶格facet 面factice 油膏factor 因数factorial design 因子设计factorial development 系数显影法factory test 工厂试验facultative anaerobe 嫌气性细菌fadeometer 褪色计fahrenheit scale 华氏温标fall velocity 沉降速度falling ball viscometer 落球粘度计falling drop method 落滴法falling rate drying 降速率干燥false setting 异常凝固fan 风扇fan belt 风扇皮带farad 法拉faraday constant 法拉第常数faraday effect 法拉第效应faraday's law of electrolysis 法拉第电解定律farinometer 面粉谷胶测定器farnesol 法呢醇fashioning 成形fast color 不褪色颜色fast powder 高速炸药fastness 坚牢度fastness test 坚牢度试验fastness to rubbing 耐摩擦坚牢度fastness to water 耐水性fat 脂肪fat and oil 油脂fat content 脂肪含量fat hardening 油脂硬化fat hydrolyzing process 油脂水解法fat lime 富石灰fat soluble vitamins 脂溶性维生素fat solvent 油脂溶剂fat splitting agent 油脂水解剂fatigue 疲劳fatigue limit 疲劳限度fatigue test 疲劳试验fatty acid 脂肪酸fatty acid anhydride 脂肪酸酐fatty acid pitch 脂肪酸沥青fatty alcohol 脂族醇fatty matter 脂肪性物质fatty oil 脂油fatty substance 脂肪性物质favorskii rearrangement 法沃斯基重排酌febrifuge 解热药feed hopper 装料斗feed preparation unit 原料制备单元feeder 加料器供给装置fehling's reagent 费林试剂fehling's solution 非林液feldspar 长石feldspathic porcelain 长石瓷felspar 长石female sex hormone 女性激素fenchol 葑醇fenchyl alcohol 葑醇fenethazine 乙嗪fennel oil 茴香油fenson 除螨酯fentiazon 叶噻灵ferbam 福美铁ferberite 钨铁矿fergusonite 褐钇钽矿ferment 酶fermentation 发酵fermentation accelerator 发酵加速剂fermentation alcohol 发酵酒精fermentation amylalcohol 发酵戊醇fermentation butyric acid 发酵酪酸fermentation degree 发酵度fermentation lactic acid 发酵乳酸fermentation organisms 发酵微生物fermenter 发酵槽fermenting enzyme 发酵酶fermenting power 发酵力fermi level 费米能级fermium 镄ferric acid 高铁酸ferric ammonium sulfate 硫酸铁铵ferric chloride 氯化铁ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate 福美铁ferric lactate 乳酸铁ferric nitrate 硝酸铁ferric oxalate 草酸铁ferric oxide 氧化铁ferric resinate 尸酸铁ferric salt 铁盐ferricyanide 铁氰化物ferriporphyrin 铁卟啉ferrite 铁酸盐ferrocene 二茂铁ferrochrome 铬铁合金ferrochromium 铬铁合金ferrocoke 铁焦炭ferrocyanic acid 氰亚铁酸ferrocyanide 亚铁氰化物ferrocyanide process 亚铁氰化物法ferroelectric liquid crystals 铁电液晶ferroelectric polymers 铁电聚合物ferroelectric substance 铁电体ferrofluid 铁磁铃ferromagnetic body 铁磁物质ferromagnetic substance 铁磁物质ferromagnetism 铁磁性ferromanganese 锰铁ferromolybdenum 钼铁ferrosilicon 硅铁ferrous chloride 氯化亚铁ferrous iodide 碘化亚铁ferrous lactate 乳酸亚铁ferrous oxalate 草酸亚铁ferrous salt 亚铁盐ferrovanadium 钒铁fertility 肥度fertilizer 肥料fertilizer analysis 肥料分析fiber 纤维fiber axis 纤维轴fiber board 纤维板fiber diagram 纤维图fiber forming property 纤维形成能fiber period 纤维周期fiber stress 纤维强度fiber structure 纤维结构fiber texture 纤维组织fiberboard 纤维板fibreboard 纤维板fibril 细纤维fibrin 纤维蛋白fibrin adhesive 纤维蛋白粘着剂fibrinogen 纤朊原fibrinoid 类纤维蛋白fibroin 丝蛋白fibrous material 纤维材料fibrous protein 纤维状蛋白质ficin 无花果朊酶fictive temperature 假想温度fiducial temperature 基准温度field emission 电场发射field evaporation 场致蒸发field laboratory 野外试验室field of force 力场figured glass 压花玻璃filament 丝filler 填充物filler of rubber 橡胶填料filling 填充filling hopper 装料斗film 照相软片film base 片基film coefficient 膜系数film coefficient of heat transfer 薄膜导热系数film condensation 薄膜冷凝film former 成膜物film forming ability 成膜能film forming matter 成膜物film support 片基filter 过滤器filter bed 过滤层filter cake 滤饼filter cake washing 滤饼洗涤filter chamber 过滤室filter cloth 滤布filter cone 滤斗filter crucible 滤埚filter flask 过滤瓶filter glass 滤光玻璃filter medium 过滤介质filter paper 滤纸filter paper for chromatography 色谱滤纸filter plate 滤板filter press 压力过滤器filter pump 滤泵filter stand 漏斗架filter stick 滤棒filter support 漏斗架filter tube 滤管filtering 过滤filtering basin 过滤池filtering surface 过滤面filtrate 滤液filtration 过滤filtration chamber 过滤室final product 最终产品final state 最终状态fine chemistry 精细化学fine coal 粉煤fine grain 微粒fine grinding 碾成细末fine powder 细粉fine pulverizer 精细磨粉机fine spinning 高支数纺纱fine structure 精细结构fine structure of spectral line 谱线精细结构fineness 细度fines 细料fining agent 澄清剂finish 完成finished product 最终产品finishing coating 修饰涂料finishing compound 整饰化合物finite element method 有限单元法fir balsam 加拿大胶fire box 火箱fire brick 耐火砖fire chamber 火箱fire clay 耐火粘土fire extinguisher 灭火器fire foam 泡沫灭火剂fire point 燃烧点fire proof material 耐火材料fire proof mortar 耐火砂浆fire proof paint 防火油漆fire resistance 耐火性fire shrinkage 焙烧收缩firedamp 坑气fireproof 耐火的first coat 底涂first law of newton 牛顿第一定律first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first order reaction 一级反应fischer tropsch process 费希尔特罗普希法fischer's indole synthesis 费希尔吲哚合成fish oil 鱼油fissile material 可裂变物质fissiochemistry 裂变化学fission product 核裂产物fissionability 可裂变性fissionable material 可裂变物质fitness test 适合性试验fittig reaction 菲提希反应fittings 配件fix 固着fixation 固着fixation of atmospheric nitrogen 大气氮素固定fixative 固定剂fixative bath 固着浴fixative salt 定影剂fixed ammonia 固定氨fixed bed 固定床fixed bed hydroforming 固定床氢重整fixed bed ion exchange 固定床离子交换fixed bed operation 固定床操作fixed carbon 固定碳fixed catalyst process 固定催化过程fixed electron 束缚电子fixed ion 固定离子fixed oil 不挥发性油fixed point of temperature 温度定点fixed resistor 固定电阻器fixer 固定剂fixing 固着fixing bath 固着浴fixing salt 定影剂fixing solution 固定液flake 小片flake graphite 片状石墨flaking 剥落flaky crystal 片状结晶flame 火焰flame analysis 火焰分析flame coloration 焰色flame photometer 火焰光度计flame reaction 焰色反应flame retarded resin 阻燃尸flame spectrophotometer 火焰分光光度计flame spectrophotometry 火焰分光光度测定法flame spectrum 火焰光谱flame spraying 火焰喷射flammability 可燃性flammable liquid 可燃液体flash distillation 快速蒸馏flash dry 急骤干燥flash photolysis 闪光光解flash point 闪点flash point tester 闪点测定器flash vaporization 闪蒸flask 烧瓶flat bottom flask 平底烧瓶flat glass 平板玻璃flat paint 无光油漆flatting agent 消光剂flavanone 黄烷酮flavanthrene 黄烷士林flavianic acid 黄胺酸flavin 黄素flavin enzyme 黄素酶flavone 黄酮flavonoid 黄酮类flavonol 黄酮醇flavoprotein 黄素蛋白flavouring 刀剂flexibility 展曲性flexure 挠曲flint 打火石flint glass 铅玻璃flint mill 燧石磨机flint paper 粗砂纸floating battery 浮置电池组floating soap 浮水皂floc 絮凝物floc point 絮凝点flocculant 絮凝剂flocculate 絮凝物flocculating agent 絮凝剂flocculation 凝聚flocculation agent 絮凝剂flocculation value 凝结值flocculent 絮凝的flooding 溢流液阻现象flooding velocity 溢临度flotation 浮选flotation agent 浮选剂flotation process 浮选法flourescent lamp 荧光灯flow birefringence 怜双折射flow circulation reactor 怜循环反应器flow conveyor 连续了输机flow diagram 撂图flow limit 怜极限flow mark 波鳞flow measurement 量测定flow rate 量flow reactor 怜反应器flow sheet 撂图flower of sulfur 硫黄华flowmeter 量计fluctuation 起伏flue 烟道flue dust 烟道灰flue gas analysis 烟气分析flue gases 烟道气fluid 铃fluid bed catalytic process 怜床催化过程fluid catalyst 怜催化剂fluid catalytic cracker 怜催化裂解装置fluid mechanics 铃力学fluid rubber 液态橡胶fluidity 寥fluidization 怜化fluidization tower 怜柱fluidized adsorption 怜吸附fluidized bed 怜床fluidized drying 怜干燥fluidized gas producer 怜床气化炉fluorene 芴fluorenol 芴醇fluorescein 荧光素fluorescence 荧光fluorescence indicator 荧光指示剂fluorescence spectrum 荧光光谱fluorescent brightening agent 荧光增白剂fluorescent color 荧光染料fluorescent dye 荧光染料fluorescent pigment 荧光颜料fluorescent screen 荧光膜fluorescent substance 荧光物质fluorescent x rays 荧光 x 射线fluoride 氟化物fluoride glass 氟化物玻璃fluorimetry 荧光测定fluorination 氟化fluorine 氟fluorite 荧石fluoroacetic acid 氟乙酸fluoroalkane 氟代烷fluorobenzene 氟苯fluorocarbon 碳氟化合物fluorometer 荧光光度计fluorometric analysis 荧光测定fluoronitrobenzene 氟硝基苯fluorophore 荧光团fluorosilicate 氟硅酸盐fluorotoluene 氟代甲苯fluorspar 荧石fluosilicic acid 氟硅酸fluothane 氟烷fluphenazine 氟奋乃静flurenol 抑草丁flux 量flux line 液面线fly ash 飞灰fly paper 粘蝇纸foam 泡沫foam analysis 发泡分析foam breaker 消泡剂foam extinguisher 泡沫灭火器foam glass 泡沫玻璃foam inhibitor 消泡剂foam rubber 沉沫橡皮foam separator 沉沫分离器foam suppressor 消泡剂foamed plastics 泡沫塑料foaming agent 起沫剂foaming test 起泡试验focal distance 焦距focal length 焦距focal point 焦点focus 焦点fog chamber 云室folded filter 折纸漏斗folic acid 叶酸follicular cell 卵泡细胞follicular hormone 卵泡激素fontactoscope 温泉测氡计food 食品food analysis 食品分析food chemistry 食物化学food color 食用染料food dye 食用染料forbidden line 禁线forced convection 强制对流forced draft 强制通风forced vibration 强制振动forceps 钳子forehearth 前炉foreign matter 异物forensic analysis 法医检定法forensic chemistry 法医化学form 形form factor 形状因数formal 福马尔formal charge 形式电荷formaldehyde 甲醛formaldoxime 甲醛肟formalin 甲醛水formamide 甲酰胺formanilide 甲酰苯胺formate 甲酸盐formation 形成formic acid 甲酸formin 甲酸精forming 成形forming of glass 玻璃成形formol titration 甲醛滴定formose 甲醛聚糖formula weight 式量formulation of pesticide 农药配方formyl fluoride 氟化甲酰forsterite brick 镁橄榄石砖forsterite porcelain 镁橄榄石瓷fossil resin 火石尸fossil wax 木炭fouling factor 生垢因数founding 澄清foundry coke 铸造用焦炭fourcault process 弗克法fourier analysis of crystal structure 晶体结构傅里叶分析法fourier number 傅里叶数fourier series 傅里叶级数fraction 馏分fraction collector 馏分收集器fractional composition of petroleum 石油馏分组成fractional crystallization 分步结晶fractional decomposition 分级分解fractional dissolution 分级溶解fractional distillation 分馏fractional extraction 分馏萃取fractional neutralization 分级中和fractional precipitation 分级沉淀fractional sterilization 间歇杀菌fractional sublimation 分级升华fractionating column 分馏柱fractionating flask 分馏瓶fractionating tower 分馏柱fractionating tube 分馏管fractionation 分馏frame filter press 框式压滤机francium 钫franck hertz's experiment 弗兰克赫茨实验free acid 游离酸free alkali 游离碱free carbon 单体碳free convection 自然对流free electron model 自由电子模型free energy 自由能free energy at constant pressure 定压自由能free energy of activation 活化自由能free expansion 自由膨胀free heat convection 自然对粱热free moisture 游离水分free path 自由程free radical 自由基free radical initiation 游离基开始反应free radical reaction 游离基反应free sulfur 单体硫free surface 自由液面free valence 自由价free volume 自由体积free water 自由水freeze drying 冷冻干燥freezing mixture 致冷混合物freezing point 冰点freon 氟利昂frequency 频率frequency factor 频率因子frequency meter 频率计fresh air 新鲜空气fresh water 淡水freund's acid 弗罗因德酸freundlich's adsorption formula 弗罗因德利奇吸附公式friability 脆性friction 摩擦friction calender 擦胶压延机friction compound 擦胶剂friction press 摩擦压力机friction tape 摩擦带frictional coefficient of fiber 纤维摩擦系数frictional loss 摩擦损失frictional resistance 摩擦阻力friedel crafts reaction 弗里德尔克拉夫特反应fries reaction 弗里斯反应frit 玻璃料frit furnace 弗里特窑frit kiln 弗里特窑fritting 熔化front view 正视图frontal analysis 前端分析frontal chromatography 前端分析frosted glass 毛玻璃froth flotation 浮选froth promoter 泡沫促进剂frother 起沫剂froude number 弗劳德数frozen food 冷冻食品fructose 果糖fruit sugar 果糖fuchsin 品红色fuchsine base 品红盐基fuchsine test 品红试验fucose 岩藻糖fucosterol 墨角藻甾醇fuel 燃料fuel cell 燃料电池fuel consumption 燃料消耗fuel gas 气体燃料fuel injection pump 燃油喷射泵fuel oil 燃料油fuel ratio 燃料比fugacity 逸度fulcrum 支点full load 全载重fuller's earth 漂白土fulling 缩绒fulminate 雷酸盐fulminating mercury 雷汞fulminic acid 雷酸fumarase 富马酸酶fumaric acid 富马酸fume cupboard 通风橱fumigant 熏蒸剂fumigation 熏蒸fuming nitric acid 发烟硝酸fuming sulfuric acid 发烟硫酸function of hybridized orbital 杂化轨道函数function space 函数空间functional determinant 函数行列式functional group 功能基functional ion exchange resin 功能性离子交换尸functional membrane 功能性膜functional particle 机能性粒子functional polymer 功能聚合物functionality 官能度fundamental frequency 基频fundamental unit 基本单位fungicide 杀菌剂fungistat 抑菌剂funnel 漏斗funnel stand 漏斗架funnel support 漏斗架furan 呋喃furan carboxylic acid 糠酸furan resin 呋喃尸furanose 呋喃糖furfural 糖醛furfuran 呋喃furfurol 糖醛furfuryl alcohol 糠醇furnace 炉furnace black 炉法炭黑furnace gas 炉气furoic acid 糠酸furoin 糠偶姻fusain 丝炭fuse 导火线fused alumina 熔融氧化铝fused aromatic ring 稠合芳族环fused cement 熔融水泥fused electrolyte 熔融电解质fused phosphate fertilizer 熔融磷酸肥料fused quartz 石英玻璃fused ring 稠环fused silica 石英玻璃fusel oil 杂醇油fusibility 可熔性fusible alloy 易熔合金fusing agent 熔剂fusing assistant 助熔剂fusing point 熔点fusion 熔融fusion tube 熔管。
材料化学专业英语汇总资料
材料化学专业英语The nature of Chemistryword distorted superficial geology astronomy physiology genetics overlap boundary extensively composition nuclear intimate bubble evaporate fundamental inanimate derive versatile detection identification portion elaborate pharmaceutical urine polymer 英 having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented being or affecting or concerned with a surface; not deep or penetrating emotionally or intellectually; a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole the branch of the biological sciences dealing with the functioning of organisms the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms extend over and cover a part of; the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something in a widespread way a mixture of ingredients ) deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy marked by close aquaintance, association, or familiarity a hollow globule of gas (e.g., air or carbon dioxide lose or cause to lose liquid by vaporization leaving a more concentrated residue serving as an essential component belonging to the class of nouns denoting nonliving things reason by deduction; establish by deduction having great diversity or variety the act of detecting something; catching sight of something the act of designating or identifying something something determined in relation to something that includes it add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing; of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists liquid excretory product a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large 汉 adj. 扭歪的，受到曲解的 表面（上）的；肤浅的，缺乏深度的；一知半 解的 地质学 天文学 生理学 n. 遗传学 重叠；与……部分相同 分界线；范围 adv. 广大地，广泛地 组成;构成;组合方式 原子核的，原子能的 亲密的，亲近的 泡，水泡；冒泡，起泡 使脱水；使蒸发；使挥发； 基础的，基本的 无生命的；无生气的 得到，导出；源于，来自 多方面的 侦查；察觉；发觉；检查 鉴定，识别 一部分 详尽说明 制药的，配药的 尿；小便 多聚物；[高分子] 聚合物1材料化学专业英语molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers a synthetic silk like fabric colorless glass made of almost pure silica being undiluted or unmixed with extraneous material an eraser made of rubber (or of a synthetic material with properties similar to rubber); commonly mounted at one end of a pencil is a substance such as solid animal waste or a chemical mixture that you spread on the ground in order to make plants grow more successfully. a chemical used to kill pests (as rodents or insectsrayon quartz purity rubber人造丝，人造纤维丝 矿]石英 [化学]纯度 （合成）橡胶fertilizers肥料，化肥（ fertilizer 的名词复数pesticiden. 杀虫剂，农药distillundergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct; reciprocally connected蒸馏；精炼；principle原理；interrelatedadj. 相互关联的currenta flow of electricity through a conductor电流；solubilitythe quality of being soluble溶解度flammability易燃，可燃性dissolvecause to go into a solution;使溶解；使（固态物）溶解为液体，使液化2材料化学专业英语explosion a violent release of energy caused by a chemical or nuclear reaction 爆炸，炸裂；爆发dramatically intellectual combustion desirable accordance regard inflation marital irretrievably pharmacologist. in a very impressive manner of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light worth having or seeking or achieving concurrence of opinion in this regard a general and progressive increase in prices of or relating to the state of marriage; in an irretrievable manner someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects) science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement by accident a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten state of deterioration in metals caused by oxidation or chemical action the branch of engineering concerned with the design and construction of such public works as dams or bridges concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement a semiconductor device capable of amplification a narrow beam of concentrated light produced by a special machine a large indefinite number a document granting an inventoradv. 戏剧性地，引人注目地 需用智力的 燃烧 令人满意的 一致；和谐 短语在这/那方面；就这/那一点 膨胀；通货膨胀 婚姻的 adv. 不能挽回地，不能补救地 n. 药理学家mathematics数学hit-and-miss alloyadj. 碰巧的 合金corrosion civil engineering腐蚀，侵蚀，锈蚀 土木工程cement transistor lasers multitude patent水泥 晶体管 激光 大量，许多 n. 专利；专利品；专利权；专利证3材料化学专业英语congress alloy sole rights to an invention meeting of elected or appointed representatives a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior the act of making or enacting laws your usual mood a person whose occupation is teaching the complex of chemical and physical phenomena characteristic of isomers one of the highest academic degrees conferred by a university bachelor's degree widely known and esteemed a detailed and documented treatise on a particular subject bringing again into activity and prominence; an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement something that has not been done before, for example by developing or using new methods or techniques. give as a gift recognized or made known or admitted a chemical process in which the direction of optical rotation of a substance is reversed from dextrorotatory to levorotary or vice versa a part of a broadcast serial deal with stereogram and with asymmetric synthesis a book, play, or report are the people who have written it together. someone honored for great achievements; figuratively someone crowned with a laurel wreath 代表大会 合金regulation legislation temperament instructor isomerism doctorate postdoctoral bachelor renowned monograph resurgence规章；规则 法律，法规 (人或动物的）气质 n. 指导者，教师 立体异构 博士学位；博士头衔 adj. 博士后的 学士 adj. 有名的，享有声誉的；有声望的 专著，专论 复苏，复活renaissance pioneering文艺复兴 adj. 首创的；先驱的；开创性的bestow acknowledged inversion赠给，授予 adj. 公认的 倒置installment stereochemistry Co-authored laureate(丛书杂志等的）一部，一期 n. 立体化学 合著者 n. 资金[荣誉]获得者4材料化学专业英语octahedral adj. 有八面的，八面体的5材料化学专业英语CV,Waterassociate adj. having partial rights and privileges or subordinate status n. the complex of chemical and physical phenomena characteristic of isomers n. the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation adj. of or relating to study or research that is done after work for the doctoral degree has been completed adj. amounting to a large indefinite number n. a knight of the lowest order adj. widely known and esteemed n. a detailed and documented, treatise on a particular Vt. give an honor on some subject n. bringing again into activity and prominence n. a part of a published serial adj. adj. n. an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence adj. the derivative of a function of two or more variables with respect to a single variable while the other variables are considered to be constant 副的同分异构现象，异构性isomerism配位coordination博士后的postdoctoral numerous bachelor renowned许多的 学士 有名的，有声誉的 专著，专论monograph bestow resurgence installment octahedral conformational distribution授予 复苏，中断之后的继续 部分 八面体的 构像的 分布partial部分的6材料化学专业英语dissolve polarity sodium Vt. cause to go into a solution n. having an indicated pole n. a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group,burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water n. any salt of hydrochloric acid adj. consisting of or containing or of the nature of crystals n. (physics) a stress that produces an elongation of an elastic physical body adj. of worldwide scope or applicability adj. lacking affinity for water; tending to repel and not absorb water; tending not to dissolve in water n. the state of being excommunicated n. a particular spatial arrangement n. the formation of ions by separating atoms or molecules or radicals or by adding or subtracting electrons from atoms by strong electric fields in a gas adj. having only a limited ability to react chemically adj. a solution having a pH of less than 7 adj. a solution having a pH of 8~14 n. a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished n. the process of becoming a vapor 溶解 极性 钠chloride crystalline tension氯化物 水晶的；似水晶的 张力universal hydrophobic普遍的 疏水的exclusion formation ionization排斥性 形成；构成 电离neutral acidic basic property中性的 酸性的 碱性的 特性，属性vaporization汽化7材料化学专业英语8材料化学专业英语Atomic Structure词号 1 单词 perspectiv e 英语解释 a way of regarding situations or topics etc 汉语解释 思考方法，态 度，观点，角 度 2 subatomic of or relating to constituents of the atom or forces within the atom 小于原子的， 亚原子的，次 原子的 3 4 5 particle proton neutron a tiny piece of anything a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron an elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton; enters into the structure of the atomic nucleus an elementary particle with negative charge (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct 微粒，颗粒 质子 中子6 7electron approxim ately precise电子 大约的；大概 的8sharply exact or accurate or delimited;A 明确的；确切 的9magnitud ea number assigned to the ratio of two quantities; two quantities are of the same order of magnitude if one is less than 10 times as large as the other; the number of magnitudes that the quantities differ is specified to within a power of 10 having no net electric charge; not electrified the same throughout in structure or composition;数量级10 11neutral uniform中性的 一样的； 规格 一致的； 始终 如一的12 13constitute volumeform or compose a publication that is one of a set of several similar publications;构成;组成 卷，册9材料化学专业英语14 Quantum mechanic s motion spherical the branch of quantum physics that accounts for matter at the atomic level; an extension of statistical mechanics based on quantum theory (especially the Pauli exclusion principle) Motion is the activity or process of continually changing position or moving from one place to another. Something that is spherical is round like a ball. 量子力学15 16运动;移动 A 球状的;球 球状的;球形的17dimensio nIn mathematics and science, dimension is used in describing spatial concepts such as points, lines, and solids. If you make or draw an analogy between two things, you show that they are similar in some way.(数学和科学中 的)维（度 相似；类似； 类推；类比 运动场； 体育 场18analogies19stadiuma large structure for open-air sports or entertainments20marbleMarble is a type of very hard rock which feels cold when you touch it and which shines when it is cut and polished. Statues and parts of buildings are sometimes made of marble.大理石21negativel y columbicA negative reply or decision indicates the answer 'no'否定地； 消极 地 库仑的，库仑 定律的2223violatedtreated irreverently or sacrilegiouslyV 违反，违背24identityan operator that leaves unchanged the element on which it operates;[逻]同一性； 个性； [数]恒 等（式25isotopesI Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons and therefore have different physical properties.1. 同位素1026 tendency A tendency is a worrying or unpleasant habit or actionthat keeps occurring.倾向27 radioactive Something that is radioactive contains a substance thatproduces energy in the form of powerful and harmfulrays.放射性的;有辐射的28 inaccurate not accurate or correct 有错误的；不精密的；不正确的；不准确29 synthetic Synthetic products are made from chemicals or artificialsubstances rather than from natural ones.合成的30 asteroid An asteroid is one of the very small planets that movearound the sun between Mars and Jupiter.[天]小行星Chemical Periodicity1 periodicity the quality of recurring at intervals 定期，周期性；周律2 quantum In physics, quantum theory and quantum mechanicsare concerned with the behavior of atomic particles.量子的3 correspond If one thing corresponds to another, there is a closesimilarity or connection between them. You can also saythat two things correspond . V相类似;相关;相对应4 ionization the condition of being dissociated into ions (as by heat orradiation or chemical reaction or electrical discharge); 离子化，电离；电离化5 orbital Orbital describes things relating to the orbit of an objectin spaceA轨道的6 repulsion Repulsion is a force that pushes two things apart, suchas the force that there is in magnets.排斥力;推斥力7 parallels If two lines, two objects, or two lines of movement areparallel, they are the same distance apart along theirwhole length. 平行的；并列的8 multiple You use multiple to describe things that consist of manyparts, involve many people, or have many uses.A多部分的;涉及多人的9 affinity If people or things have an affinity with each other, theyare similar in some ways.N类似；近似10 interaction When one thing interacts with another or two thingsinteract, the two things affect each other's behavior orcondition. 相互作用;相互影响11 Electronegativity (chemistry) the tendency of an atom or radical to attractelectrons in the formation of an ionic bond阴电性，负电性，电负性；电阴性12 squishy Something that is squishy is soft and easy to squash. adj. <美俚>湿软的，粘糊糊的，易压扁的13 Bar graph ------柱状图表14 uniquely Something that is unique is the only one of its kind 唯一的；独一无二的15 sublevel-------- [次，亚]（能）级，次层16 alkali N An alkali is a substance with a pH value of more than7. Alkalis form chemical salts when they are combinedwith acids. N 碱Chemical bond单词中文释义英文释义Atom 原子(physics and chemistry) thesmallest component of an elementhaving the chemical properties ofthe elementMetallic 金属键 containing or made of orresembling or characteristic of ametal;electrostatic 静电concerned with or producing orcaused by static electricity;Compound 混合物 a substance formed by chemicalunion of two or more elements oringredients in definite proportionby weightStable 稳定平衡的；持久的not taking part readily in chemicalchangeValence 化合价 a property of atoms or radicals;their combining power given interms of the number of hydrogenatomsElectron 电子an elementary particle withnegative chargeexothermic 发热的，放出热量的occurring or formed with evolutionof heatMagnitude 巨大，广大 the property of relative size orextentVertical 垂直的，竖立的 something that is orientedverticallyVibration 震动. the act of vibratingUndergo 经历，经验；遭受，承受 of mental or physical states orexperienceshorizontal coordinate 水平坐标fundamental 基础的，基本的being or involving basic facts orprinciples;Enthalpy 焓 a thermodynamic quantity equal tothe internal energy of a system plusthe product of its volume andpressureconfiguration 结构，构造 an arrangement of parts orelementsDuplicate 复制 a copy that corresponds to anoriginal exactly;distinguish 区分，辨别mark as different;electro negativities 电负性(chemistry) the tendency of an atomor radical to attract electrons in theformation of an ionic bondAnion 阴离子Omni directional 全向的，无定向的not directional;restriction 限制 a principle that limits the extent ofsomethingPolarity 极性 a relation between two oppositeattributes or tendencies; Primarily 首先；首要地，主要地；根本上；本来for the most part;Essence 本质，实质the choicest or most essential ormost vital part of some idea orexperience;Measure 测量，测度；措施；程度the act or process of measuring; Numerical 数字的，用数字表示的measured or expressed in numbers graphically 生动地in a diagrammatic manner; straightforward 直截了当的；坦率的free from ambiguityInversely 相反的in an inverse or contrary mannerMolecule 分子；微小颗粒(physics and chemistry) thesimplest structural unit of anelement or compound Molecular 分子的，由分子组成的relating to or produced by orconsisting of moleculesOrbital 轨道的；眼窝的of or relating to an orbit; Density 密度；稠密，浓厚；the amount per unit sizeUnique 唯一的，仅有的；独一无二的radically distinctive and withoutequalpredictable 可预言的；可预报的；可预见的；可预料的possible to foretellconsequently 所以，因此；因此，因而sentence connectors) because of thereason givenLiterally 逐字地；照字面地；确实地，真正地in a literal sense;Symmetry 对称；对称美；整齐，匀称(mathematics) an attribute of ashape or relation; exactcorrespondence of form on oppositesides of a dividing line or planeStructure 结构；构造 a thing constructed; a complexconstruction or entityionic bond 离子键 a chemical bond in which one atomloses an electron to form a positiveion and the other atom gains toelectron to form a negative ion orientation 方向，定位，取向，排列方向 position or alignment relative topoints of the compass or otherspecific directions dimensional 维 of or relating to dimensions Instance 例子an occurrence of something omnidirectional 无方向性的 not directionalRadiate 辐射extend or spread outward from acenter or focus or inward towards acenterCharge 电荷(criminal law) a pleadingdescribing some wrong or offense Attach 系；附cause to be attachedAligned 使成一线in a straight linepartial charge 部分电荷Tendency 倾向，趋势 a general direction in whichsomething tends to movedrift 偏移 a process of linguistic change overa period of timeLikewise 同样地 in like or similar mannerpolar covalent 极性共价键Uneven 不均匀 not even or uniform as e.g. inshape or textureDipole 偶极 a pair of equal and opposite electriccharges or magnetic polesseparated by a small distance Magnet 磁铁 a device that attracts iron andproduces a magnetic field Respond 反应reply or respond to;Potential 电位，势能the difference in electrical chargebetween two points in a circuitexpressed in voltsGraph 图表 a drawing illustrating the relationsbetween certain quantities plottedwith reference to a set of axes Indicate 表明 be a signal for or a symptom of; Decrease 减少 a process of becoming smaller orshorterNucleus （原子）核the positively charged dense centerof an atomOrder 次序 a command given by a superior(e.g., a military or law enforcementofficer) that must be obeyed; Density 密度 the amount per unit sizetriple bond 三键Term 把……称为； a word or expression used for someparticular thingstereospecific 有规立构的，立体定向的，立体专一的Phenomena 现象arrangement 排列the spatial property of the way inwhich something is placedLobed 浅裂的，叶状的having deeply indented margins butwith lobes not entirely separatefrom each otherOrbital 轨道的of or relating to an orbitAngle 角the space between two lines orplanes that intersect; the inclinationof one line to another; measured indegrees or radiansregardless 不管怎样Repel 抵制cause to move back by force orinfluenceStability 稳定性 the quality or attribute of beingfirm and steadfastDetermine 限定shape or influence; give direction tovibrational 振动的，摇摆 of or relating to or characterizedby vibrationMotion 意向 a natural event that involves achange in the position or location ofsomethingIntroduction to Materialsbronze Noun 青铜 1. an alloy of copper and tin andsometimes other elements; also anycopper-base alloy containing otherelements in place of tin2. a sculpture made ofbronzeiron Noun 铁 1. a heavy ductile magneticmetallic element; is silver-white inpure form but readily rusts; used inconstruction and tools andarmament; plays a role in thetransport of oxygen by the blood2. a golf club that has arelatively narrow metal headconcrete Noun 混凝土Concrete is a substance used forbuilding which is made by mixingtogether cement, sand, smallstones, and waterskyscraperNoun 摩天大厦 A skyscraper is a very tall buildingin a citypervasiveAdjectiv e 普遍的 1. spread throughout;2. spreading throughoutirreversiblyAdverb不可挽回地，不可反转地 1. in an irreversible manner;sageAdjectiv e 明智的 1. having wisdom that comes withage and experiencedisposal Noun 处置 1. the power to use something orsomeone;2. a method of tending to(especially business) matters3. the act or means ofgetting rid of something4. a kitchen appliance fordisposing of garbagebiodegradableAdjectiv e 能进行生物降解的 1. capable of being decomposed bye.g. bacteriaceremicsNoun 陶器制造 1. the art of making and decoratingpotterypottery Noun 陶器 1. ceramic ware made from clayand baked in a kiln2. the craft of makingearthenware3. a workshop whereclayware is maderesistiveAdjectiv e 有抵抗力的 1. exhibiting or relating toelectrical resistance;2. disposed to or engagedin defiance of established authoritysubstantiallyAdverb 大体上；充分地 1. to a great extent or degree;2. in a strong substantialwaysubstrateNoun 酶作用物 1. the substance acted upon by anenzyme or ferment2. any stratum lyingunderneath anotheroptics Noun 光学 1. the branch of physics that studiesthe physical properties of lightcircuit Noun 电路，线路 1. an electrical device thatprovides a path for electricalcurrent to flowmicrobe Noun 微生物，细菌 1. a min ute life form (especially adisease-causing bacterium); theterm is not in technical useanalogiesNoun 相似；类推If you make or draw an analogybetween two things, you show thatthey are similar in some wayshell Noun 壳；外壳 the material that forms the hardouter covering of many animalsambientAdjective周围的. completely envelopingsurface n.表面；外观，外表；地面。