00015英语二课文精讲讲义(10)
自考英语二第十五单元讲义
Unit15 Text AFour Minutes That Get You Hired面试的秘诀resume n.简历e.g. She sent her resumes to several companies, but didn’t even get an interview. professionalism n.职业特征，职业作风morals n.（pl）伦理，道德likable a.可爱的，让人喜欢的consciousness n.意识, 知觉, 自觉, 觉悟, 个人思想competent adj.有能力的, 胜任的authoritative adj.权威的, 有权威的, 命令的annual n.一年生植物, 年刊, 年鉴adj.一年一次的, 每年的, 一年生的influential a. 有影响的initiate vt.开始, 发动, 传授v.开始, 发起desperate a.绝望的，不顾一切的，拼命的e.g. By then, I was desperate for a holiday.applicant n.申请人，请求者 apply v.申请apologetic a.道歉的，辩护的，辩解的tentative n.试验, 假设adj.试验性的, 试探的, 尝试的, 暂定的implore vt.恳求, 哀求narcissism n.自我陶醉，自恋comment n.注释, 评论, 意见vi.注释, 评论e.g. When asked about his relationship with his former secretary, the boss replied “No comment.”oppose vt.反对, 使对立, 使对抗, 抗争vi.反对 be opposed to sth. 反对e.g. His view of the situation is strongly opposed to mine.care about 在乎drop by 顺便访问be bound to do 一定会做，必定会做e.g. Don’t lie to her.She is bound to find out about it.remark on 评论，谈论To get the right job，learn to make the right impression要想获得满意的工作，就要学会留下最好的印象The 28-year-old Bay Stater spent six years working at night while she attended college during the day.六年来，28岁的贝?斯黛特白天上大学，晚上工作。
《英语二》（课程代码：00015）课程考试大纲
《英语二》（课程代码：00015）课程考试大纲目录I 课程性质与设置目的II课程内容与考核目标第一章TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER第二章THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF第三章WALLS AND BARRIERS第四章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I【第五章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II第六章DULL WORK第七章BEAUTY第八章APPETITE第九章A RED LIGHT FOR SCOFFLAWS第十章STRAIGHT-A ILLITERACY第十一章ON CONSIGNING MANUSCRIPTS TO FLOPPY DISCS AND ARCHIVES TO OBLIVION 第十二章GRANT AND LEE：A STUDY IN CONTRASTS第十三章EUPHEMISM第十四章THAT ASTOUNDING CREATOR--NATURE第十五章TEACHING AS MOUNTAINEERINGIII 有关说明与实施要求附录题型举例（I 课程性质与设置目的本课程是高等教育自学考试英语教育（独立本科段）考试计划中的核心课程之一。
设置本课程的目的可以归纳为如下几方面：1．引导学生注意吸收语言材料、扩大文化知识，特别是有关英美的文化知识。
2．通过对文章的思想内容、篇章结构、语言技巧的分析，提高学生对文章的理解、分析及评述的能力。
3．~4．继续打好语言基本功，培养熟练技巧，努力发展学生综合应用英语的能力。
4．本课程重点章节为第2章，第3章，第4章，第5章，第6章，第7章，第8章，第9章，第11章，第12章，第13章，次重点为第10章，第15章，一般章节第1章，第14章。
II 课程内容与考核目标（考核知识、考核要求）第一章TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER；一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.the background of the story;2.the background of the author;/doc/8515346207.html,anization and development of the text (narrative);4.detailed study of the text;5.Description in Narration二．课程内容：TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER ;三．考核知识点：1. Words and phrases of this unit;2. Organization and development of the text (narrative);3. Description in Narration四．考核要求识记： Words and phrases of this unit1. the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person: the quick and spontaneous understanding that makes you a changed person2. fallen through: failed%3. checkered tablecloth: tablecloth marked by light and dark patches4. chewing the bitter cud of hindsight: thinking repeatedly about the painful realization of what had happened5. he still carried a full case load: he still carried a briefcase fully loaded with documents6. They are not identified, of course: Their names are not given7. we might begin to get somewhere: succeed8. There's a perverse streak in all of us: obstinately unreasonable quality9. I shook my head ruefully: regretfully10. substitute a phrase that supplies lift instead of creating drag: use a phrase that provides a feeling of encouragement instead of causing nuisance—11. with an audible click: clearly/without any doubt12. I spotted a cruising cab and ran toward it: taxi moving leisurely about, looking for passengers13. Then I wait for that almost perceptible mental click: the clear signal suggested by the Old man that can almost be felt in the mind领会：1. The Organization and development of the text (narrative);2. Description in Narration简单应用:Sentence structure and rewriting>综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第二章THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1. Some allusions and historical events mentioned in the text(some see notesto the text)—Punic Wars and Quintus Fabius Maximus, Hamlet, Faustian encounters, Jean Kerr, etc.》2. Organization and development of the text;3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal; (the use of formal style, formal wordsand phrases exaggeration to convey a gay and delightful tone);5. Level of Usage二．课程内容：THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2. Organization and development of the text;{3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal四．考核要求识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. exhorted: urged strongly2. the elegant earl never got around to marrying his son's mother: found time for3. a habit of keeping worthies like Dr. Johnson cooling their heels for hours: men of importance like Dr. Johnson waiting4. That.…attests to the fact that: proves(5. one of the great Roman generals was dubbed "Cunctator": named humorously6. for putting off battle until the last possible vinum break: until an effective defense deserving a celebration with champagne was ensured7. Moses pleaded a speech defect to rationalize his reluctance to deliver Jehovah's edict to Pharaoh: claimed that he had a speech defect, and that he had reasons for8. at an ungodly 6:30 .: unreasonable9. to file for an extension of the income tax deadline: apply officiallythe apocalyptic voice of Diners threatens doom from Denver: warning, suggests unavoidable destructionpostpone, as Faustian encounters, visits to barbershop: as if they will see devilsfor all the trouble procrastination may incur: in spite of~art of postponement had been virtually a monopoly of the military, diplomacy and the law: found almost only in the field of ruminate about the situation with Singapore Sling in hand: go over in mind repeatedly and slowly, he had no nattering Telex to order machine guns and fresh troops: fortunately, noisythere is no will, there is a way: there is no will to delay, thereis a way todo so.the higher echelons of business: in the case of higher levels data explosion fortifies those seeking excuses for inaction: encourages, doing nothingpoint is will taken: accepted, which flourished amid the growing burdens of government and the greater complexity of society, was designed to smother policymaker in blanks of legalism, compromise and reappraisal: Excessive silly rules, which developed very quickly as a result of the expanding administrative structure and the greater complexityof society, were made to restrict policymakers, who have to be engaged in endless paperwork, mediation and reconsideration^languages are studded with phrases that refer to putting things off: filledare all sorts of rationalizations: reasonskind of subliminal way of sorting the important from the trivial: way outside one's conscious awarenessis something of a truism: an undoubted truththat matter: as further concerns the thing mentioned…is the creation of an entree: a small carefully prepared meat dishdesign can mellow and marinate: ripen and matureLord Chesterfield: with all due respect to|领会：1. Some allusions and historical events mentioned in thetext(some see notesto the text)—Punic Wars and Quintus Fabius Maximus, Hamlet, Faustian encounters, Jean Kerr, etc.2. Organization and development of the text;3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal; (the use of formal style, formal wordsand phrases exaggeration to convey a gay and delightful tone);简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading}综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第三章WALLS AND BARRIERS一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The Chief Personalities of Man2.…3.Einstein’s Chief Personalities: Modesty, Simplicity, etc.4.Description Developed by Examples二．课程内容：WALLS AND BARRIERS三．考核知识点：1. Inductive analysis to help make his proposition logically sound.2. Comparison and contrasts3. Changes that have occurred in people’s notion of money, in the function ofthe bank, and accordingly, in its architectural features —change in the form or design of architecture is the result of a change in people’s attitude.4. Organization and development of the text:《& 2: beginning with quoting his fatherPara 3 & 4: a view of money in the past and now, architectural designs of banksPara 4: function of bankPara 6: classical and new criticism of architecturePara 7 & 9: attitude toward possible hositility from without in primitive and modern worldPara 8 &10: attitude toward privacy四．考核要求识记：/Words and phrases of this unit1. to whom a good deal of modern architecture is unnerving: discouraging2. a tangible commodity: material3. that could be hefted: lifted for making out the weight4. to attract the custom of a sensible man: business patronage5. If a building's design made it appear impregnable: firm enough6. the institution was necessarily sound: in good condition7. the meaning of the heavy wall…dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money, rather than in any aesthetic theory: was based on , on}8. the most valuable elements are dash and a creative flairfor the invention of large numbers: vigor and a creative ability9. the door to the vault, far from being secluded and guarded, is set out: not at allolder bank asserted its invulnerability: showed forcefully its freedom from harmis hard to say where architecture ends and human assertion begins: expression of human attitudesare not simply walls but physical symbols of the barriers in men's minds: fears could feel themselves to be in a delimited space: space with fixed limitsundeveloped technology of the period precluded the construction of more delicate walls: made impossible fear of dissolution being the ultimate fear: death/has become questionable: not certainwere dirty, prying, vile, and dangerous: nosy, evilrooms faced not out, but in, toward a patio: inner roofless yardin the intimate activities of a personal as against a public life: rather than rich intricacies of the decorative arts of the period: complex details 21….are as illustrative of this attitude as the walls themselves: illustrate as muchthe conventions of law and social practice: agreementsthe same goes for our homes: is true formay accomplish this function: perform well、who still have qualms about eating…under conditions of high visibility:unpleasant feelingsthat will at least give them a sense of adequate screening:privacy due to separationtoilette taboo being still unbroken: forbidden practicerepeat, it is our changing conceptions of ourselves in relation to the world that determine: In a word, it is our attitudes toward "open plan" and the unobstructed view are consistent with his faith in the eventual solution of all problems: view free from obstruction squarely express 领会：1. Comparison and contrasts2. Changes that have occurred in people’s notion of money, in the function ofthe bank, and accordingly, in its architectural features —change in the form or design of architecture is the result of a change in people’s attitude.:3. Organization and development of the text.简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第四章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I~一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1. General introduction of the story — about how justice is administered bya semi-barbaric king.2. Writing skills and style of the text;3. Literary genre: the short story二．课程内容：THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I三．考核知识点：1.（2.Words and phrases of this unit;3.The organization of the text3. Writing skills and style of the text;4. Literary genre: the short story四．考核要求：识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. somewhat polished and sharpened by the progressiveness of distant Latin neighbors: civilized2. whose ideas were still large, florid, and untrammeled, as became the half of him which was barbaric: sweeping, wild, and unrestrained, and so（3. He was a man of exuberant fancy: wild and excessive4. he turned his varied fancies into facts: fancies of different kinds5. He was greatly given to self-communing: in the habit of discussing matters with himself6. his nature was bland and genial: gentle and cheerful7. some of his orbs got out of their orbits: subjects did something wrong8. to make the crooked straight, and crush down uneven places: to execute justice9. his barbarism had become semified: reduced to half of what it used to beminds of his subjects were refined and cultured: improved and cultivated\the exuberant and barbaric fancy asserted itself: showed itspowervast amphitheater…was an agent of poetic justice: perfectowed more allegiance to no tradition than pleased his fancy: stuck to no tradition except that whichfiercest and most cruel that could be procured: obtained with effortiron bells were clanged: sadslowly their homeward way: moved over a distance17….should have merited so dire a fate: dese rved so terrible most suitable to his years and station: social rank"interfere with his great scheme of: to stop20. retribution and reward:, deserved punishmentmaidens blowing joyous airs: tuneswedding was promptly and cheerily solemnized: performed in a manner of formal religious ceremonyinnocent man, preceded by children: headedflowers on his path, led his bride to his home: scatteringdecisions …were positively determinate: clearwitness a hilarious wedding: wedding causing wild laughter )element of uncertainty lent an interest to the occasion which it could not otherwise have attained: and this interest could not have been attained in other waysthinking part of the community: those who did not follow the practice blindly in领会：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2.The organization of the text3. Writing skills and style of the text;4. Literary genre: the short story简单应用:）1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第五章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II一．学习目的与要求[To grasp:1.Brief review of the background — Part I in Unit four, the semi-barbaric kingand his way of administering justice.2.Structure of the text3.Psychological description of the princess;4.How does the author create the intensity of situation5.The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.6.Literary genre: the short story二．课程内容：THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II)三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2. Structure of the text3. Psychological description of the princess;4. How does the author create the intensity of situation5. The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.6. Literary genre: the short story四．考核要求：{识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. fervent and imperious as his own: strong and arrogant2. royal maiden was well satisfied with her lover: princess3. ardor that had enough of barbarism in it: eagerness4. waver in regard to his duty in the premises: falter to execute his power in his own territory5. deed with which the accused was charged had been done: romantic affair6. take an aesthetic pleasure in watching the course of events: enjoy watching with excitement7. admittance: right of entrance（8. hum of admiration and anxiety: noise9. Possessed of more power: With10. possessed herself of the secret of the doors: managed to getdamsels of the court: unmarried young women of noble birth12. aspiring to one so far above him: desiring earnestly13. those whose souls are one: who understand each other very well14. lead us through devious mazes of passion: helps us get rid of the control of the confusing feelings and emotions of various kindssoul was at a white heat beneath the combined fires of despair and jealousy: she suffered badly from the torture of despair and jealousy（often had she started in wild horror: been startledthe blessed regions: holy18. futurity: future timedecision had been indicated in an instant: made clear20. anguished deliberation: agonizing self-debating21. presume to set myself up as the one person able to answer it: suppose to regardmyself领会：1. Description of the princess, daughter of the semi-barbaric king;【2. Her love with enough of barbarism for the young courtier of that fineness of blood and lowness of station3. Her combined fires of despair and jealousy;4. Her decision;5. Structure of the text6. The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.7. Literary genre: the short story简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting]2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第六章DULL WORK一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.?2.The organization of the text2. Classical Thetoric二．课程内容：DULL WORK三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2.The organization of the text;3. Classical Thetoric四．考核要求：@识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. assumption that: belief2. eventful lives: lives full of important events3. The opposite is nearer the truth: The fact that people who achieve much are often content with the routine uneventful lives they live4. an unalterable routine: a dull and regular5. transmute trivial impulses into momentous consequences: be inspired by seemingly unimportant sudden ideas for the success in great achievements6. what he can do with physiological pressures and hunger: his capacity to suffer illness and hunger7. vexation: discomfort、8. seminal: highly original and influencing the development of future events9. equidistant from：equally distant10. insights: understandings11. inordinate humanness shows itself in the ability to make the trivial and common reach an enormous way: excessive human feature is embodied12. exhausts rather than stimulates: exhausts rather than stimulates creative power 领会：1.The organization of the text2.Classical Thetoric、简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第七章BEAUTY!一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The organization of the text2.Definition二．课程内容：BEAUTY三．考核知识点：1. Words and phrases of this unit;2. The organization of the text;（3. Definition四．考核要求：识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. what we have to call--lamely, enviously--whole persons: helplessly2. it was quite paradoxical: seemingly self-contradictory: charming4. One of Socrates' main pedagogical acts was to be ugly: teaching5. we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty: careful about the different aspects of overall excellence-6. We …split of--with the greatest facility--the "inside" fromthe "outside": very easily7. the central place of beauty in classical ideas of human excellence: ancient Greek and Roman8. Christianity set beauty adrift: out of control9. an alienated, arbitrary, …enchantment:, strange and capricious10. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally: questionable in value11. Catholic countries…still retain some vestiges: tracesthe pagan admiration for beauty:, ancient Greek and Roman the detriment of the notion of beauty: which is harmful to#领会：1. The organization of the text;2. Definition简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第八章APPETITE一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The organization of the text2.Sentence complexity and rhetorical effect3.Allusion: Oscar Wilde, Irish-born writer. Renowned as a wit in London literarycircles, he achieved recognition with The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891), a novel.He also wrote plays of lively dialogue, such as The Importance of Being Earnest (1895), and poetry, including The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898).4.。
00015英语(二)串讲资料
自考“英语（二）”串讲资料语法主要考哪些项目？英语（二）最常考的语法项目包括：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、比较级、语序、主谓一致、强调句、基本句型。
* 最常考的时态：现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时、一般现在时和将来完成时。
* 最常考的非谓语动词：独立结构、动名词作某些动词的宾语、非谓语动词作定语和状语。
* 最常考的虚拟语气：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句和主句。
* 最常考的定语从句：where 引导的定语从句、名词/代词+ of + which引导的定语从句。
* 名词性从句：what，whether 引导的主语或宾语从句、that 引导的同位语从句。
* 状语从句：now that，in that，in case，as，while 引导的状语从句。
哪些词最有可能考单词拼写？严格来说，只要是考纲中包括的词都有可能出现在单词拼写大题中，但是从历年考题可以看出，某些词的命中率要高于其它词，有些词甚至反复考过，这说明考生在背单词的时候还是可以在全面覆盖的基础之上突出重点、提高效率的。
在这里我们不可能一一罗列重要的词汇，下面是我总结的英语（二）常考单词的特点：* 绝大部分是长度在5-8个字母之间的中等难度的词，如：victim，gesture 等；* 拼写和读音不完全对称的词，如：dumb，subtle等。
* 个别非常简单、但课文中不是很常见的名词，如：tube.* 从词性上来看，最常考的依次是名词、形容词、动词、和副词。
在复习这些单词时，一定要以考试大纲为准，而不能只背教材后面的生词表。
一方面，教材后面的生词表中包含了不少超刚词，完全不会考到；另一方面，对英语（二）来说，从下册教材生词表中出的单词只占三分之一，不可能涵盖所有要考的内容。
同样在复习时一定要讲究准确性，确保背一个记准一个，而不能只是记个大概，最后写出来每个都差不多但每个都有错。
复习建议针对上述预测，我们如何制定冲刺阶段的复习计划呢？下面是我推荐的三步复习法。
自考英语(二)00015教程课后试题答案
大学英语自学考试教程下册0015自考英语二课后习题答案unit1Unit 1(英语二)Text AExercises for the Text; helped ; form ; front; to; passed; it; same;makers should be able to make the best guess at the future.people think that everything managers do involves decision making.(or Some people think that everything managers do has something to do with decision making.)there are no correct alternatives ,there are no correct decisions to be made.different people have different ideas about the same problem ,so the approaches to it vary from person to person. makers usually hold the key to the business development of the company.Vocabulary ExercisesorganizedII.III.friend accompanied him to a concert.has argued her out of her decision.owed his success in part to luck.to his suggestion ,the formalities have been much simplified.broadcasting station predicts that it will turn cold tomorrow.is defined as a change in position or place.Text BExercises for the TextII.; confidenceindifference; personality; interest; pay; neat; conservativefloor beside your chairI.a disadvantagesuredown your advantagethe trouble toGrammar ExercisesI.1.连词；让步状语从句。
自考英语二教材答案 00015 详细
自考英语（二）教材课后练习答案课程代码00015Unit 1 The power of languageText AChecking your comprehension1-5 BADACBuilding your vocabularySection A 1-6 consistent statement reflect invalid considerablycomparisonSection B 1-6 credible identify assumption represents evaluatedappropriateSection C 1-6 to forth into on with toBridging the gap1-10 defines action tears good express powerful internally shapes responds to personalTranslationSection A 1. take interests of different social groups into account2. Compare the recent work with the previous one3. was not consistent with his statement to the police4. was not relevant to the affair /matter that was being dealt with5. Please inform us of any change in your caseSection B成为一名灵活的读者，你需要知道怎样选择和使用阅读方式，来与你的阅读目的相一致。
懂得何时以及怎样选用不同的阅读方式会使你成为一个灵活的读者。
当读者的目的是需要很高的阅读理解能力来读懂难度很高的阅读材料时，精读是一名灵活的读者使用的阅读方法。
00015英语二_下册课后讲解_(自考)
综合英语二下册课后讲解lesson 1 Courtesy:Key to a happier world难句释义：1.Courtesy,politeness,good-manners——call it what you will,the supply never seems to equal the demand:礼貌也好，客气，或文明举止也好，无论你称它什么，其供应似乎总是小于需求。
（意思是人们维护和谐的关系所需要的礼貌从来都低于他们实际表现出的水平。
）2.What impelled the boy to take so much trouble to spare the feelings of a stranger?Courtesy,compassionate courtesy.是什么促使这个年轻人不厌其烦地这么做？是礼貌，基于同情心的礼貌。
（为了不让一个陌生人感到自己无用而难堪。
）3.Even when you have doubts about some people,act as if they are worthy of your best manners.即使对有些人你不太有把握（他们是否值得你礼遇），也要以礼相待，就像他们值得你这样对待他们一样。
4.All skills require constant repetition to become second nature;good manners are no exception.一切技能都需要经常重复而后才能成为第二天性，礼貌也是如此。
5.Nowhere is thinking courtesy more important than in marriage.理性的礼貌在婚姻中比在其他任何方面都更加重要。
（此句是倒装句，表强调。
正常语序：Thinking courtesy is more important in marriage than anywhere else.）6．But some of the most precious gifts in life come with no strings attached.可是生活中的有些最宝贵的赠品却是不带有任何附加条件的。
00015英语二(自考)
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00015英语二重点语法 (结合考题讲解）综合英语（二）常考的语法为：名词单数变复数，定语从句,虚拟语气,反意疑问句，非谓语动词，时态,名词性从句，形容词副词的比较级，主谓一致，倒装等等。
下面我们把这些语法项目进行详细的有重点的讲解。
名词1. 大多数集体名词可作单数，也可作复数，如： army ， audience ，class ， committee , crew （全体船员，乘务员 ) ， crowd ，faculty ， family , government ， group ， orchestra ， team ，union 等。
强调整体时谓语动词用单数，强调个体时谓语动词用复数。
如: The government is paying close attention to economicdevelopment.The government are having a heated discussion on this matter。
2.有些名词形式为复数,却用作单数，如：electronics( 电子学 ) ，mathematics（数学 ) , optics（光学）， politics ，statistics( 统计学）， economics （经济学）， physics 等。
例如 :Linguistics is a difficult subject to study.3。
(完整版)最新版自考英语二精讲讲义
(完整版)最新2013版自考英语二精讲讲义Unit 1—A Critical Reading（批判性阅读）1. critical adj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的2。
non-fiction n. 纪实文学3. position n。
观点；态度；立场4。
statement n. 说明;说法；表态5. question v. 表示疑问;怀疑out of question / out of the question 毫无疑问 / 不可能的补： in charge 管理；掌管in the charge 由…负责；由…管理（被动）6。
evaluate v。
估计；评价;评估7。
context n. 事情发生的背景,环境，来龙去脉8. value n。
values ［pl.]是非标准；价值观valuableinvaluable=priceless 无价的;valueless = 无价值的9. represent v。
描述；表现representative adj。
/n.10。
assertion n。
明确肯定；断言11。
sufficient adj。
足够的；充足的sufficiencyinsufficient 不够的；不充分的 in—：否定前缀12。
statistic n. statistics ［pl.]统计数字；统计资料13. integrate v.（使)合并,成为一体14. authority n。
专家；学术权威；泰斗an/the authority on sth。
authorize15。
compare v. 比较；对比compare A with B 把A和B进行比较compare A to B 把A比成B。
（打比方）16. subject n. 主题；题目；题材17。
consistent adj. 相符的;符合的18. inconsistency n. 不一致19. assumption n。
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00015英语二课文精讲讲义（10）Unit 10 Ode to Public Transport(公共交通的颂歌)一谈到“公共交通”你会想到什么？是的，环保，低碳。
现在有一句流行语：“今天你低碳了吗？”.选用公共交通有几个众所周知的优点：1.省钱；2.环保；3.减少对能源的依赖；4.方便，快捷Text A The Importance of Public Transportation (公共交通的重要性) 短文共12个段落，领读课文和单词！一：本课重点词汇讲解，学习1.proclaim: v宣布，宣告，表明如： She did not proclaim her intention.2.necessity: n必需品，必要性； necessary: adj必要的；反义词：unnecessary: adj如：1).Food is necessary to maintain life.2). You must understand the necessity of education.3.arrangement: n安排； arrange: v如：1). They had an arrangement that the children would spend two weeks with each parent.2). Would it be possible to arrange a meeting for Wednesday morning?4.expense: n费用；expensive: adj 昂贵的如：The rent on his apartment was his biggest monthly expense.5.annually: adv一年一次地； annual: adj如：1). It's an annual report.2). The exhibition is held annually.6.household: n一家人，家庭；adj 家喻户晓的；householder: 户主，家长如：1).She became a household name in the 1960s.2).I grew up as part of a large household.mute: n上下班路程，v 通勤；同根词：commuter: n如：1). Mike commutes to London every day.2). The number of commuters to London has dropped by 100,000.3). The average Los Angeles commute is over 60 miles a day.8.switch: v/n改变，开关如：1).Where is the light switch?2). She switched her attention to films two years ago.9.transport: n运输工具；v运输，运送；transportation: n 交通运输系统如：1). Transport has always been the key to developing trade.2). public transportation （公共交通）10.carbon: n碳；low-carbon life低碳生活；carbon dioxide二氧化碳；carbon monoxide一氧化碳11.majority: n大多数；如：The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.12.wean: v逐渐戒除恶习如:It can be extremely difficult to wean children off junk food.13.dependence: n依靠，依赖；dependent: adj依靠的；depend:v 依靠，依赖（单词的字根）；independence: n 独立； independent: adj独立的如：1). The music festival is heavily dependent on sponsorship for its success.2).All living things depend on the sun for their growth.3). The country got its independence ten years ago.14.approximately: adv大约; approximate: v 接近于；adj 大概的如：1). His description of what happened approximated to the truth。
2). The journey took approximately seven hours.15.exception: n例外；except: v除外；prep除了。
之外如：1). Nobody had much money at the time and I was no exception.2). When I say that the boys are lazy, I except you.16.electrical: adj电的；electricity: n电力，电能如：1). The electricity has been cut off.2).Franklin's experiments showed that the lightning is an electrical discharge.17.economic: adj 经济的；economy: n经济；economist: n经济学家如：1). The government’s wrong policy in finance led the country into economic disaster.2). We must do our best to develop the national economy.18.strengthen: v加强；strength: n力量如：Regular physical exercises can strengthen one's resistance against illness.19.consequently: adv因此； consequence: n 结果如：1). In consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.2).She was a bright and eager student and, consequently, did well in school.20.lessen: v减轻，变少；如：They've made great effort to lessen the noise of planes.21.resource: n资源；有个一词跟它长的特像：source: n 来源常见固定表达：natural resource（自然资源），a scarce resource（一种稀缺资源），renewable resource（可再生资源）， nonrenewable resource （不可再生资源），human resource (人力资源)22.ease: n安逸，轻松；v 解除痛苦，减轻；常用搭配：with ease:轻松地easy: adj如：1). The computer is popular for its good design and ease of use.2). I gave him some brandy to ease the pain.23.inhabitant: n居民，栖息动物； inhabit: v 居住如：1). Woodpeckers inhabit hollow trees.啄木鸟栖息在中空的树中2). The inhabitant of the island is friendly.二、课文重点句子分析、讲解：1. A US Congressman once proclaimed that, “There can be no doubt that the trans portation sector is the most critical sector of our economy.” I know exactly what he means. In this day and age, access to transportation is considered a necessity.译文：一位美国的国会议员曾说过，“毫无疑问，交通是我们经济体系中至关重要的部分。
”我完全明白他说的话的意思。
在目前这个时代，能够利用公共交通是必需的。
语言点：There can be no doubt that...固定句型，毫无疑问；后面是同位语从句；critical= important;固定搭配：In this day and age在这个时代; access to有机会，权利使用；如： Only 40% of 5-year-olds have access to preschool education.(5岁孩童中只有40%能享受学前教育)2. Public transportation is defined as a service which is available for use by the general public. It is a cheaper and environmentally-friendly alternative.译文：公共交通指的是能够供公众使用的一种服务，价格低廉，更利于环保。
语言点：environmentally-friendly环保的；alternative选择固定搭配：be defined as被定义成。
；be available for能获得，得到的；如：There are three small boats available for hire.3. It is not a transportation service which you can arrange privately to suit your own personal convenience (although you may, to a certain extent such as paying for a cabin or suite in a train or ship) since you have to consider other passengers who are riding and making similar arrangements with you.译文：公共交通不是能供个人使用的交通服务，无法为个人提供交通便利（虽然在某种程度上，你也许可以做到，比如在火车上或轮船上交费租用车厢或套间），因为你必须要考虑到其他乘客的需求，他们都与你搭乘同一班车，或坐同一艘船，与你有着类似的安排。