2016年职称英语C级补全短文(1-5)
职称英语C级补全短文(-)

2016职称英语教材-卫生类C级完形填空及参考译文1第一篇Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is FoundThe World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. People have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.The World Health Organization reductions the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.1.找到速效治疗剂可以更好控制结核病世界卫生组织估计全球有大约三分之一的人感染了导致结核病的病菌。
职称英语卫生类考试C级补全短文练习题(2)

职称英语考试/模拟试题2016年职称英语卫生类考试C级补全短文练习题(2)Right now,an eruption is brewing in Yellowstone National Park.Sometime during the next two hours,the park’s most famous geyser,Old Faithful,will begin gurgling boiling water and steam. 1Old Faithful is not only a spectacularsight;it’s also.a constant reminder that Yellowstone sits on one of the largest volcanoes in the world.If you’ve never heard of Yellowstone’s volcano,you’re not alone. 2 Yet it has erupted three times during the last 2 million years.And one of those eruptions spewed enough volcanic ash and other debris to blanket half the United States.Yellowstone’s volcano is sometimes called a “supervolcano,” or extremely large and explosive caldera volcano. 3 .This supervolcano formed over a hot spot.an extremely hot area in Earth’smantle.John Valley,a volcano professor,said thatas the crust moves across a hot spot,the hot spot melts a section of the plate moving over it.Forming “one volcano after another.”The Yellowstone hot spot melts thickcontinental crust,which may cause catastrophic eruptions.According to experts the eruptions that created each of the three calderas in and around Yellowstone National Park were larger than any other volcanic eruption in recorded history.The most recent eruption,which happened 640,000 years ago,produced at least 1.000 cubic kilometers of ash and debris,which blanketed most of the western half of the United States. 4Geological evidence shows Yellowstone has blown its stack every 700,000 years or so.“If nature were truly that regular and reliable,we would be due for another eruption soon,” said Valley “However,these processes are subject to variability, so we don’t really know when the next eruption will happen.”5 It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and hot springs.creates the mountains and canyons.and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone’s diverse wildlife.练习:A. Three calderas make up more than a third Of Yellowstone National Park.B. The first Yellowstone eruption,2 million years ago,released more than double that amount of ash and debris.C.The volcano is so inconspicuous(不显眼的)that few people know it exists.D.Then, an enormous fountain will shoot high into the air.E.While the active geologist processes at Yellowstone do pose some risk to the public,they also make it a unique treasure.F.Yellowstone National Park attracts the interest of geologists the world over答案: D,C,A,B,E2016年职称英语卫生类考试C级补全短文练习题(2).doc [全文共1297字] 编号:6373681。
职称英语综合类C级备考补全短文练习题

XX职称英语综合类C级备考补全短文练习题xx职称英语综合类C级备考补全短文练习题新一轮备考即将开始,网为帮助考生高效备考职称英语,下面是网提供应大家关于职称英语综合类C级备考补全短文练习题,希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
Entrepreneurship is directly responsible for production. The business person (entrepreneur) takes a cue from consumers in deciding what they want - or, in the case of a new product, 1.Profit means different things to different people. Aording to some public opinion polls, many people are not sure what it is, but they are sure 2. Workers may look at profit as an unfairly large payment to the entrepreneurthat deprives them of a higher wage. The business person thinks of profit 3. During negotiations before the settlement of the second baseball strike in August, 1985, the Players’ Association claimed the owners had madeprofits of $91 million, an aounting firm said owner profits were $43 million, and the owners insisted they had lost $9 million. The truth was that all three were correct. The disparity in the figures was due to the fact that eachgroup was defining profit differently. Let us now see if we can develop a more exact definition of what profit is.Gross profit is the difference between what a business firm sells its product for and what it costs to producethat product. The merchant buys $200,000 worth of merchandise during the year and sells it for $270,000. His gross profit is $70,000. The percentage difference between his cost and the selling price is 35 percent, and he calls this markup.Net profit is 4--rent, wages, and interest-and setting aside money to allow for the loss due to depreciation (wearing out) of capital. Our merchant has to subtract from his gross profit his payments for rent ($6,000), wages ($20,000), interest on money borrowed ($1,000), repairs and upkeep ($1,000), taxes ($1,000), electricity and other expenses $1,000. Expenses for operating the business e to $30,000. Gross profit is $70,000, and profit is $40,000.Economists have a narrower definition of what constitutes profit. They are concerned with payment for all the resources that have gone into production, 5, like those listed above, or from inside the business.Exercise:A what profit really meansB it is too large and represents too much of the consumer’s dollarC whether they e from outside the businessD as the difference between total revenue and total costE what the business person has left after paying expensesF what they might wantThe main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics:it won’t stay American.No matter what it is,whether it is films,food and fashion,music,casual sports or slang,it’s soon at home elsewhere in the world1. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is that it has been“advertised”and marketed through American films,popular music,and more recently,television. 1 They are,after all,in petition with those produced by other countries.Another theory,probably a more mon one,is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something cal led“the spirit of America.” 2The final theory is less plex:American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.Regardless of why it spreads,2 American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many other countries 3 “Happy Birthday to You,”for instance,is such an everyday song that its source,its American copyright,so to speak,is not remembered.Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could befound,a generation 1ater,on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music.Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts,jogging clothes,tennis shoes,denim jackets,and blue jeans were not mon daily wear everywhere.Only twenty years ago,it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes.No longer so:those bright colors, checkered jackets and trousers,hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion.3 4The situation with American popular music is more plex because in the beginning.when it was still clearly American,it was often strongly resisted.Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals,and was actually outlawed in several countries.Today, whilestill showing its rather American roots,it has bee so well established.Rock‘n’roll and all its variations,country & western music,4 all have more or less similarhistories.They were first resisted,often in America as well,as being“low-class,”and then as“a danger to our nation’s youth.” 5 And then the music became aepted and was extended and developed,and exported back to the US.词汇:appeal n.吸引力 copyright n.版权spot v.认出 market v.推上市场,销售denim n.粗棉布注释:1.No matter what it is,whether it is films,food and fashion,music,casual sports or slang,it’s soon at home elsewhere in the world.:不管是哪一种形式的'通俗文化,不管是电影还是食物和时装,是音乐还是休闲运动,或者是俚语,它都能很快在世界上别的地方安家。
职称英语理工类C类-补全短文(一)

职称英语理工类C 类-补全短文(一)、一(共补全短文小题,40共分)80.0第1题Success StoriesOne of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Benetton. The Benetton family opened their first shop in Italy in 1968. (1) Benetton followed four marketing principles in order to achieve their success.The first principle is Consumer Concept. To build a successful business, you have to develop products around things people value, especially quality. (2) He created clothes to match people's wants: the style is casual; the colors and patterns are bold; and the quality is excellent.The System Link is another feature of good marketing. For Benetton, this means waiting to get information about what customers like and what they dislike before making the clothes. (3) .The Information Link means making sure the company responds quickly to people's demands. (4) This information is then sent to the main office in Italy. Benetton can use this information to identify popular products and to continue making them; it can also identify less popular products and stop making them.A final important marketing principle is the Retail Link. There are Benentton stores in countries around the world. All the stores have the same clothing, the same window displays, and the same approach to sales. (5) .The things people like about Benetton stores are that the quality is always high and the prices are generally low. And that spells success.A. The founder of Benetton began by asking people what they wanted.B. There used to be a good reason for this.C. When something is sold at a Benetton store, the store records information about the type, size, and color of the item.D. Today, there are Benetton shops in major cities all over the world.E. This means that customers can go into any Benetton store in the world and be sure of what they are buying.F. In other words, Benetton's clothes are made to order.【正确答案】:答案:D第2题【正确答案】:答案:A第3题【正确答案】:答案:F第4题【正确答案】:答案:C第5题【正确答案】:答案:E第6题Caribbean IslandsWhat would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? Palm trees and coconuts (椰子)? White beaches and clear, blue ocean? Colorful corals (珊瑚) and even more colorful fishes and birds? You bet. There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea. They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Some of the islands were formed by the eruption (爆发) of ancient volcanoes (火山). (1) . The Caribbean Islands are known by several names. (2) The explorer Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near the coast of India. Later, Spain and France called the islands the Antilles. There are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea. 3) These fourislands are often called the Greater Antilles. Together, they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands. The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller. Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers (小片) of exposed coral. You can see why pirates (海盗) such as the famous Blackbeard sailed these waters. (4) .The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny. Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands. This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year. (5) .A. But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always painful.B. The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies, later changed to the West Indies;C. Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.。
2016年职称英语理工C级考试真题附答案(最新版对答案个人整理)

阅读判断(每题1分,共7分)The Theory of EverythingIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year2017, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than Ns doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had arare disease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration(分解)of the nerve cells in the braincells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurswithin two or three years.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak.He cannot move his arms or his head. He can not taste of smell anything. Andyet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a positionheld by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.Hawking Is often described as the greatestscientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science. He isalso known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has sold overeight million copies.He says that since he does not have tothink about his body or do any of the things other men have to worry about,such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his timeto thinking. This puts him in the perfect positionto find the answer to the question that he has dedicated his life to. Hisquestion is: Is there a complete theory of the universe and everything in it?Despite his tremendous physicaldisabilities, he has already made some very important discoveries about theorigin of the universe, how the universe holds together, and how it willprobably end. He has also been able to explain the secrets of “black holes”inspace. Now he is looking for a set of rules that everything in our universemust obey. He calls it the Theory of Everything. He thinks that someone willhave found the answer within the next 20 years.If Stephen Hawking it able to find hisTheory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity tounderstand things that will change the whole nature of science and probablyalso the way we live.16. StephenHawking will be 50 years old by 2017.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;17. StephenHawking suffers from a rare brain disease.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;18. StephenHawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为A;19. A Brief History of Time is verydifficult for students to understand.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;20. StephenHawking has much time to think because he doesnt have to work.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;21. StephenHawking has spent around ten years explaining the secrets of……….A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned答案为:C.22. TheTheory of Everything Is about the rules that everything in our………follow.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为A。
职称英语《综合C》完型填空原文

职称英语《综合C》完型填空原文特别说明:原文来自于职称英语教材综合类补全短文第一篇What We Take from and Give to the SeaAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.We take fishes from the ocean --millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. (1) We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. (2) Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too1. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. (3) Seaweed becomes food of many kinds 一even candy, and ice cream — aswell as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water.(4) But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed.In the future,we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. (5) Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life2. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas,we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.注释:Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too.还有不少金和银的漂流物溶解在海水里。
2016职称英语真题及答案_理工C
2016职称英语真题及答案_理工C第1部分:词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
第2部分:阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
The Theory of EverythingIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year 2017, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than his doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had a rare disease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration(分解)of the nerve cells in the brain cells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurs within two or threeyears.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak. He cannot move his arms or his head. He cannot taste or smell anything. And yet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a position held by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.Hawking is often described as the greatest scientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science, he is also known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has soldover eight million copies.He says that since he does not have to think about his body or do any ofthe things other men have to worry about, such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his time to thinking. This puts him in the perfect position to find the answer to the question that he has dedicated his life to. His question is: Is there a complete theory of the universe andeverything in it?Despite his tremendous physical disabilities, he has already made some very important discoveries about the origin of the universe, how the universe holds together, and how it will probably end. He has also been able to explain thesecrets of “black holes” in space. Now he is looking for a set ofrules that everything in our universe must obey. He calls it the Theory ofEverything. He thinks that someone will have found the answer within the next20 years.If Stephen Hawking is able to find his Theory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity to understand things that will change the whole nature of science and probably also the way we live.16.Stephen Hawking will be 50 years old by 2017.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.Stephen Hawking suffers from a rare brain disease.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.Stephen Hawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.A Brief History of Time is very difficult for students to understand.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.Stephen Hawking has much time to think because he doesn't have to work.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.Stephen Hawking has spent around ten years explaining the secrets ofA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.The Theory of Everything is about the rules that everything in theuniverse follows.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)暂无下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5 段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
职称英语考试卫生C类阅读材料5
职称英语考试/备考辅导2016年职称英语考试卫生C类阅读材料5Eat Healthy"Clean your plate!" ……1. Parents in the United States tend to ask their childrenC not to waste food.2. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A Because Americans associate quantity with value.3. What happened in the 1970s?D The American waistline started to expand.4. What does the survey indicate?A Many poor Americans want large portions.5. Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans?C They don't want to be healthy eaters.健康饮食“把盘子里的东西吃完了!”“要成为一名清盘俱乐部的成员!”几乎每一个美国小孩都会听到父母亲或祖父母这样的唠叨。
父母亲或祖父母们还经常会加上一句恳求的话:“想想那些饥饿的非洲孤儿吧,多可怜啊!”我们的确应该为每一口食物充满感激。
但不幸的是,很多美国人吃得太多了。
也许我们应该为明天节约一些粮食,而不足坚持“把盘子里的东西吃完”。
据新闻报导,美国的餐馆应该为美国人日益增大的肚腩负--部分责任。
《今日美国》刊登的一个故事,服务员给每个顾客提供的一盘食物的量是政府推荐的二至四倍。
美国人传统的认为有量才有质,所以大多数餐馆都试图迎合顾客们的这一想法。
他们宁愿被抱怨提供了过多的食物也不愿意被投诉提供的食物太少。
2016职称英语综合类补全短文及译文:The-Sandwich-Generation
The Sandwich GenerationToday people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown, they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. ____(1)____. In middle age, many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities1: one is to look after their aging parents,and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are “sandwiched”in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household — a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not live with them.There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States,for example,was about 40,whereas today people live to an average ageof 75. ____(2)____. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for financial reasons. It’s also more common for today’s young adults to return home during or after college if they need financial oremotional support.2____(3)____. They may have to cover expenses that their parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents’financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents’ future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.Caring for adult children presents challenges as well, and caregivers have to resolve important questions; How can financial responsibilities be shared among members of the household? How can household chores be shared? What is the best way to ensure everyone’s privacy? ____(4)____.The financial and emotional pressures on the sandwich generation can be overwhelming. However, this time in life also has its rewards. ____(5)____. It can also provide a valuable opportunity to spend more time with them. However, in order to survive this difficult period in their lives, the members of the sandwich generation must remember that they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of their own lives. They can’t be totally selfless.词汇:sandwich 三明治 life expectancy 预期寿命traumatic 使人不快的 resolve 解决overwhelming 令人难以应对的 selfless 无私的;不考虑自己的注释:1.two ongoing responsibilities意为“同时担负两项责任”。
职称英语 c级 第5部分:补全短文
第一篇:Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved1 to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight2 but we should be asking for more scientific information,” Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. ____1____A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill-effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3. 3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day3. ____2____As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas5. ____3____The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children. ____4____ He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.____5____ According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.注释:1.动词prove用的是过去式形式proved,这是一种虚拟语气表示假设的用法。
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2016职称英语教材-卫生类C级完形填空及参考译文1第一篇Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is FoundThe World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. People have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.The World Health Organization reductions the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.1.找到速效治疗剂可以更好控制结核病世界卫生组织估计全球有大约三分之一的人感染了导致结核病的病菌。
大多数时候,这种感染是不活跃的。
但是每年大约有八百万结核病病例,通常是在肺部。
两百万人因此丧命。
结核病发病率由于艾滋病的传播和抗药型结核病的出现而增加。
目前的治疗至少需要六个月。
患病者不得不每日服用多种抗生素药品。
许多人在稍感舒适后就停止使用药品,这么做可能导致抗药性感染。
公共卫生专家一致认为针对结核病的速效治疗剂将会更加有效果。
现在有一项研究评估这种速效治疗剂究竟效力有多大。
这项研究由美国哈佛大学国际卫生方面的教授率领。
Joshua Salomon说,疗程较短的治疗计划可能不仅仅意味着更多病人被治好,也意味着将感染传给别人的病人会更少。
研究者们设计了一个数学模型来检测两个月治疗计划的效果。
他们以东南亚目前的结核病情况来检验这个模型。
科学家们发现两个月的治疗可以防止大约20%的新病例,也可能防止大约5%因结核病引起的死亡。
这个模型表明,如果速效治疗剂可以在2012年前研发出来并大规模使用的话,减少结核病例在2012年到2030年间就可以实现。
世界卫生组织在1990年制定了DOTS计划,DOTS意指短期直接观察治疗。
卫生工作者监督结核病人每天服药,以确信他们继续治疗。
今年年初,一个国际组织同盟宣布了一项扩大DOTS的计划。
这个十年计划也旨在资助新结核药品的研究。
现在四种最常用的药品也有四十多年的历史了。
全球结核病药物开发联盟宣称它的长期目标是找到一种治疗方法,可以通过十次剂量就效果。
第二篇:A Biological ClockEvery living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock tells____1____when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells_____2___when to leave the protective cocoons and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake.Events outside the plant and animal____3____the actions of some biological clocks. Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur____4____the number of hours of daylight. In the short____5____of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in summer.Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration____6____twice each year. Birds____7____flying become restless when it is time for the trip,_____8___they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended.Scientists say they are beginning to learn which____9____of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain____10____to control the timing of some of our actions. These____11____tell a person when to____12____, when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that control other body activities.Dr. Moorhead is studying____13____our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For example, most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours.____14____can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr. Moorhead said industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said____15____understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and would help increase a factory’s production.词汇:biological /baɪə(ʊ)'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ adj.生物(学)的insect /'ɪnsekt/ n.昆虫cocoon /kə'kuːn/ n.防护卵袋,茧fur /fɜː/ n.软毛migration /maɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n/ n.迁徙restless /'res(t)lɪs/ adj.焦躁不安的contain /kən'teɪn/ v.含有cell /sel/ n.细胞注释:1. 本句中谓语动词tells的宾语由两部分组成。