工商管理专业英语词汇

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工商管理英文单词

工商管理英文单词Business administration is a broad field that encompasses various aspects of managing a business.It involves activities like planning. Planning in business administration means setting goals and strategies for the company. For example, a business might plan to expand its market share in a particular region within a certain time frame.Another important part is organizing. This includes structuring the company's resources, such as human resources and physical assets. A well - organized business can make better use of its employees' skills and its equipment.Marketing is also a crucial element. Business administrators need to understand how to promote their products or services. They might use different marketing channels like social media, advertising, or public relations to reach their target customers.Finance is an area that cannot be ignored. Business administrators have to manage the company's finances. This involves budgeting, accounting, and making decisions about investments and financial risks.Human resource management is essential too. It deals with recruiting, training, and retaining employees. A good business administrator knows how to create a positive work environment to motivate the workforce.In business administration, decision - making skills are highly valued. Administrators often have to make quick and informed decisions in different situations, whether it's about launching a new product or dealing with a crisis.Operations management focuses on the day - to - day running of the business. This includes ensuring smooth production processes, managing inventory, and delivering quality products or services on time.Business administration also involves understanding the legal and regulatory environment. Companies need to comply with various laws and regulations to avoid legal problems.Finally, communication skills play a significant role. Business administrators need to communicate effectively with different stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, and investors.。

《工商管理专业英语》翻译汇总

1.现代管理学The modern era of management began early in the 20th century when classicaltheorists,economists,and industrial engineers offered a classical approach to increase the productivity of individuals and organizations.2.例如一种管理理论For example ,a management theory that emphasizes employee satisfactionmay be more helpful in dealing with a high employee turnover than with delays in production.3.甚至在今天Even today ,a great deal of what we know about management comes from theautobiographies and memoirs of men and women who are or have been practicing managers.4.尽管这些办法Although these approaches evolved in historical sequence ,later ideas havealways replaced early ones.5.在过去的30年During the last 30 years or so ,there have been attempts to integrate the threeapproaches to management—classical,behavioral,and management science.6.在这种情况下In this situation ,a compromise is necessary for the overall syetem to achieveits objective.7.例如严格的计划For example ,rigid plans,clearly defined jobs,antocratic leadership ,and tightcontrols have at times resulted in high productivity and satisfied workers.8.换言之In other words,the contingency approach seeks match different situations withdifferent management methods.9.当然富有远见Of cause ,having a vision is no guarantee of success.10.通常一份任务 A mission statement often focus on the market and customers that thecompany serves.11.这些管理人员These managers are the strategists who develop the plans that guide theorganization toward its goals.12.与其他人的沟通All the skills required to communicate with other people ,work effectivelywith them , motive them ,and lead them are interpersonal skills.13.为了把梦想变成In order to transform vision to reality ,managers must define specific goalsand objectives.14.最好的企业目标The best organizational ,measurable ,relevant ,challenging ,attainable ,andtime limited.15.折扣的发生A allowance occurs when a customer is not satisfied with a purchase for somereason.16.企业在计算These refunds and price reductions must be considered when the firm computersits net sales figure for the period.17.一系列这样的A series of these statement is a valuable tool for directing and controlling thebusiness.18.商人们谈及Businesspeople commonly use accounting terms when talking aboutcosts ,prices ,and profit.19.一份损益表The basic components of an operating statement are sales ,costs ,and profit orloss.20.零售商们正在寻求Retailers are searching for new marketing strategies to attract and holdcustomers.21.零售商们必须对Retailers must decide on three major product variables :productassortment ,services mix ,and store atmosphere.22.多数零售商不能Too many retailers fail to define their target markets and positions clearly.23.零售商的价格A retailer’s price policy is a crucial positioning factor and must be decided inrelation to its target market , its product and service assortment ,and its competition24.零售商使用Retailers use the normal promotion tools—advertising ,personal selling ,salespromotion ,and public relations—to reach consumers.25.零售商必须确定The retailers must determine both the product assortment’s width and itsdepth.26.制定正确价格The first step in setting the right price is to establish pricing goals.27.对于产品和服务The basic ,long-term pricing framework for a good or service should be alogical extension of the pricing objectives.28.因此，在销售Thus ,changing a pricing strategy can require dramatic alternations in themarketing mix.29.低价格可以获取The low price designed to capture a large share of a substantial market ,resulting in lower production costs.30.当生产由于技术Managers may follow a skimming strategy when production cannot beexpanded rapidly because of technological difficulties ,shortages ,or constraints imposed by the skill and time required to produce a product.31.低价格可以吸引Low price can draw additional buyers to enter the market.32.广告的基本功能The most basic function of advertising is to identify products anddifferentiate them from others.33.为了提高销售额To increase their sales or profit,companies develop marketing strategy byusing various marketing elements.34.广告的另一个功能Another function of advertising to induce consumers to try new productsand to suggest reuse.35.广告涉及到通过Advertising involves presenting the message,usually through the massmedia,to a large group of people know as target audience.36.通过同时向许多人By informing many people at once about available products andservices,advertising greatly reduces the costs and higher profits,can ease the task of personal selling.37.广告的定义有许多The definitions of advertising are many and varied.38.广告是产品和服务Advertising is a very important tool that enables competitors to enter themarket place.39.市场营销组合是由The marketing mix includes a set of elements known as four Ps and theyare under the heading of product,price,place and promotion.1.The three ( T )2.In solving ( F )3.In order words ( T )4.The systems ( T )5.Managers around ( T )6.It seeks ( F )7.Between the ( F )8.Management is ( T )9.To meet ( F ) 10.In order to ( T )11.As the ( T ) 12.A starting ( F ) 13.Technical skills ( F ) 14.And using ( F ) 15.An operating ( F ) ually, however ( T ) 17.An allowance ( F ) 18.All this ( T ) 19.Today, national ( T ) 20.They see ( F ) 21.Most retailers ( T ) 22.For all ( T ) rge retailers ( F )24.Small retailers ( T ) 25.A good ( T ) 26.A profit ( F ) 27.Theoretically ( T ) 28. A successful ( F ) 29.As a product ( T ) 30.A company’s ( T ) 31.Advertising is ( T ) 32.Advertising can ( F ) 33.The first ( T ) 34.The freedom ( T ) 35.Advertising itself ( T ) 36.All advertising ( F ) 37.All forms of ( T ) 38.advertising has ( F )1. 古典方法Classical approach to Management2. 管理学行为方法Behavioral approach to Management3. 管理学科学方法Management science approach4. （管理学）权变情境方法Contingency or situational approach to Management 1. 远见，洞察力Vision 2. 任务表述Mission statement 3. 长期目标Goal1. 短期目标Objective2. 管理结构Management pyramid3.高层管理者Top managers 1. 战略目标Strategic goals 2. 中层管理着Middle managers 3.战术目标Tactical objectives 1.一线管理者First-line managers 2. 损益表Operating Statement1. 销售总额Gross sales 2 价格折扣Allowance 3 净利润Net profit 1. 目标市场Target market2.市场定位Market positioning 1. 中间商品牌Private brand or middleman brand 2.价格策略Price strategy1. 撇指定价Price skimming2. 渗透定价Penetration pricing 1. 基础价格Base price 2 促销活动Promotion campaign3.目标受众Target audience 1. 促销组合Promotional mix 2.品牌忠诚Brand loyalty1.The managers described their ( generalize ) 管理者描述他们自己的管理经验，还尝试去概括他们认为可以被运用到相似情形中的那些准则。

工商管理英语重点词汇

•Consumer price index (CPI) 消费者价格指数•Producer price index (PPI) 生产者价格指数•GDP price deflator 国民生产总值价格平减指数•trade barriers贸易壁垒•oil embargo 石油禁运•federal budget 联邦预算•inflation deflation 通货膨胀、通货紧缩•sanction of a society 社会控制机制•Legal code 法典•federal court system 联邦法院系统•Compensatory damage, punitive damage补偿性/惩罚性损失赔偿•Jury trial 陪审团审判•Trial court 初审法院•The federal arbitration act 联邦仲裁法案•the equal employment opportunity commission公平就业机会委员会•sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation 个人独资企业合伙制企业公司制企业•assumed name certificate 假名证书•Limited partnership有限合伙制•Partnership agreement 合伙协议•Articles of partnership 合伙章程•professional partnerships 专业合伙制•intangible entity无形实体•non-profit and for-profit corporation（非）营利性公司•close corporation, publicly held corporation封闭公司、公开招募性公司•Article of corporation公司章程•by-law 议事程序•Stock certificate 股权证明•The internal revenue code 国内税务法规•limited liability company 有限责任公司•articles of organization 组织章程•Strategic management 战略管理•industrial organization 产业组织•resource-based theory 基于资源的理论•Distinctive competence 特异能力•Tangible and intangible assets 有形和无形资产•Contingency theory 权变理论•The organization’s mission组织使命•sustained competitive advantage 持续竞争优势•rare resources稀有资源•strategy decision战略决策•Corporate- level strategy公司层战略•Business- level strategy事业层战略•Functional- level strategy职能层战略•Information symmetry信息对称•Information asymmetry信息不对称。

工商管理专业英语词汇

Unit 1 The Evolution of Management as a Field of Studyevolution n. the process of developing 进展generalize v. to infer from many particulars 概括autobiography n. the biography of a person written by that person 自传memoir n. an account of the person experiences of an author 回忆录，自传extremely ad. Being in or attaining the greatest or highest degree 极度地anthropologist n. someone who studies anthropology 人类学家perspective n. t he way in which a situation or problem in judged so that proper consideration is given to each part 合理观看，视角turnover n. the number of workers hired by an establishment to replace those who have left in a given period of time 人员更替数approach n. the method used in dealing with or accomplishing 方法contingency n. a possibility that must be prepared for 可能大事，可能消灭的状况dynamic a. characterized by continuous change 不断变化的confrontation n. discord or a clash of opinions and ideas 观点或思想的不断冲撞incur v. to acquire or come into 获得compromise v. something that combines qualities or elements of different things折中interdependent a. mutually dependent 相互依存的characteristic n. a feature that helps to identify 特性popularity n. the quality or state of being popular 普及sole a. of or relating to only one individual or group 单独的reliance n. the act of relying or the state of being reliant 依靠，依靠sufficient a. being as much as is needed 充分的alliance n. the act of becoming allied or the condition of being allied 结盟demographic n. of or relating to demography 人口统计complement v. to serve as a complement to 补足Unit2 The Scope of Managemententail v. to have, impose, or require as a necessary accompaniment or consequence 伴随conform v. to act or be in accord or agreement 使和谐全都envision v. to picture in the mind 想象affordable a. that can be afforded 买得起的strive v. to exert much effort or energy 努力mission n. special assignment given to a person or group 任务informercial n. a commercial television program or relatively long commercial segmentoffering consumer information 商业信息片franchise n. authorization granted to someone to sell or distribute a company’s goods orservices in a certain area 特许经营权tactical a. of, relating to, or using tactics 战术的departmental a. 部门的peer n. a person who has equal standing with another or others 同等的人，与他人在爵位、阶级或年龄上相当的人interpersonal a. relating to, occurring among, or involving several people 人与人之间的foster v. to promote the growth and development of 促进pervasive a. having the quality or tendency to pervade or permeate 渗透性的stakeholder n. one who has a share or an interest 股东flourish v. to be in a period of highest productivity 活泼automotive a. moving by itself 自动的nonroutine n.格外规程序analogue n. something that bears an analogy to something else 类似状况Unit 3 What are Orgnizations ?beast n. something a thing 事物organization n. a group of people with special purpose, such as a club or business 团体，组织，机构，社团invention n. something invented 制造物contrivance n. device or tool, esp. one made by an individual for a particular puipose 制造物；器械patronage n. all the patrons of a shop, hotel, etc, as a group 为了赞助而产生的impact n. the force of an idea, invention, system, etc. 影响力perspective n. the way in which a matter is judged, so that consideration and importance is five to each part 推断事物的方法association n. the act of joining or the state of being joined with somebody or something 联合；结合；结交very a. (used for giving force to an expression)(用于强调)正是；完全；实在whim n. a sudden idea or wish, often not reasonable 突起的〔怪〕念头；一时的兴致fancy n. an image, opinion, or idea imagined and not based on fact 无事实依据的幻觉，意见或看法achieve v. to finish successfully 完成；实现soul n. a person 人；灵魂guidelines n. the main points about something which is to be dealt with 指导方针；行动纲领bridge v. to build a brige across 架桥gap n. an amount of distance pr difference 差异；差距；歧异by virtue of in virtue of 依靠；由于survival n. something which has continued to exist from an earlier time 生存behavior n. way of behaving 行为；举动subset n. a set contained within a set 子集maintenance n. the act of maintaining 维持；维护；保养；赡养turnover n. the number of workers that are hired by a firm to fill the places of workers who have left in a particular period 人员更efficiency n. the state or quality of being efficient 成效；效率；效能intellectual a. concerning the intellect 智力的limitation n. the fact or conditions of limiting or being limited 限制事实或状态chart n. information written or draw in the form of a picture graph, etc. , usu. With the intention of making it understood 图表predict v. to see or describe in advance as a result of knowledge, experience, reason, etc. 预言；推测Unit 4 Developing Qpality and Competitive Advantageinnovative a. marked by or given to innovations 革的，创的optimize v. to make as perfect or effective as possible 使最优化，使尽可能底完善或有效medieval a. relating or belonging to the Middle Ages 中世纪的tenant n. one that pays rent to use or occupy land, a building, or other property owned by another 佃户usher v. to precede and introduce 宣告，展现介绍；开头，开创exotic a. intriguingly unusual or different 异乎寻常的；奇异的strenuous a. requiring great effort, energy, or exertion 困难的，需要巨大努力、能量或投入的hazardous a. marked by danger 带有危急性的；危急的artificial intelligence t he ability of machine to perform those activities that are normallythought to require intelligence 人工智能navigational n. an original type, from, or instance that serves as a model on which later stages are based or judged 原型chassis n. the rectangular steel frame, supported on springs and attached to the axles, that holds the body and motor of an automotive vehicle 底盘carousel n. a circular conveyor on which objects are displayed or rotated 旋转式传送带outmaneuver v. to overcome by artful, clever maneuvering 智胜，在灵巧、谋略上赛过CEO Chief Executive Officer 执行总裁Unit 5 Competitive Industry Environment Analysislong-term a. involving, maturing after, or being in effect for a long time 长期的aggregation n. a group or formed by this 集合体carbonated a. containing carbon dioxide 充了碳酸气的root beer n. 以黄樟油、冬青油为香料的无醇饮料ale n. any of various type of beer, esp. one that is pale in color 麦酒caffeine n. a bitter white alkaloid,C8H10N4O2 咖啡因alignment n. the act of aligning or the condition of being aligned 结盟meaningless a. having no meaning or significance 无意义的，无价值的withdrawal n. retreat of military force in the face of enemy or after a defeat 撤退vertical integration 垂直统一治理interactive a. acting or capable of acting on each other 相互作用的deli n. a delicatessen 熟食店buffet n. a meal at which guests serve themselves from various dishes displayed in a table or sideboard 自助餐nutrition n. the process of nourishing or being nourished 养分slacken v. to make or become less vigorous 缓和pharmaceutical a. of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists 制药的neuroscience n. any of the sciences, such as neuroanatomy and neurobiology, that deal with the nervous system 神经科学inflammatory a. characterized or caused by inflammation 发炎的niche n. a special are of demand for a product or service 产品或效劳所需的特别领域preemptive a. u ndertaken or initiated to deter or prevent an anticipated, usually unpleasant situation or occurrence 先发制人的entrant n. one that enters, especially one that enters a competition 参与竞赛者cellular phone n. 便携式dramatically ad. catching and holding the imagination by unusual appearance or effects 戏剧地，引人注目地replenishment n. something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency 补给，补充backward integration 后向合并alleviate v. to make more bearable 减轻oleomargarine n. margarine 人造黄油，人造奶油tinplate n. very thin sheets of iron or steel covered with tin 镀锡铁皮；马口铁maturity n. the state or quality of being fully frown or developed 成熟shakeout n. 经济衰退cereal n. a grass such as wheat, oats, or corn, the starchy grains of which are used as food 谷物razor n. a sharp-edged cutting instrument used especially for shaving the face or removing other body hair 剃刀Unit 6 Materials and Process ~ Management of a Companyinventory n. the quantity of goods and materials on hand 库存submit v. to commit to the consideration or judgment of another 使……听从bidder n. one who attempts to win a contract by bidding 投标人obsolete a. outmoded in design, style, or construction 过时的establish v. to set up 建立resource n. the total means available to a company for increasing production or profit, including plant, labor, and raw material 储藏力气stockpile v. a supply stored for future use, usually carefully accrued and maintained 储存calculate v. to make an estimate of 计算interchange v. to give and receive mutually 交换telecommunication n. the electronic systems used in transmitting messages, as by telegragh,cable, telephone, radio, or television 电讯executive n. a person or group having administrative or managerial authority in an organization 经营治理人simulation n. representation of the operation or features of one process or system through the use of another 模拟principle n. a fixed or predetermined policy or mode of action 准则eliminate v. ti get rid of 消退multifunction a. 多功能的flexible a. responsive to a delay 可变通的；敏捷的holdup n. an interruption or a delay 停顿incentive n. s omething, such as the fear of punishment or the expectation of reward, that induces action or motivates effort 诱因；动机coordinate v. to harmonize in a common action or effort 调整Unit 7 Operating Statement of a Companywholesale a. of, relating to, or engaged in the sale of goods in large quantities for resale 批发clarity n. clearness of thought or style 清楚readability n. interesting or easy to read 易读，可读性concisea. expressing much in few words 简明的，简洁的inventory n. the quantity of goods and materials on hand 库存gross sales 销售总额net sales 扣除销货折扣和退货后净额margin n. the minimum return that an enterprise may earn still pay for itself 最低利润gross profit 毛利，总利润，利润毛额sales salaries 销售人员的工资advertising expense 广告费用office salaries 办公室或一般文秘人员工资miscellaneous a. made up of a variety of parts or ingredients 混杂的seemingly ad. apparently; ostensibly 外表上地skeleton n. a supporting structure or framework 构架invoice n. a detailed list of goods shipped or services rendered, with an account of all costs 发货清单refund n. a repayment of funds 退款cancellations n. the act or an instance of canceling 取消Unit 8 Human Resource Management: An Overviewutilization n. making use of 利用；使用mesh v. to connect 结合；相合representative n. a person acting in place of one or more other 代表；代理capital n. money used for starting a business 资金primary a. chief; main 主要的supervisor n. one who is in charge of a particular department or unit, as in a governmental agency or school system 监视；治理人员cosmetic n. a preparation such as face-cream, body-powder, etc. , intended to make the skin or hair more beautiful 化装品substantive a. expressing existence 表示存在的insight n. t he power of using one’s mind to understand something deeply, without help from outside information 洞察力；见识catalyst n. a substance which, without itself changing, causes chemical activity to quicken 催化剂energizer n. something or somebody that gives energy to 使活泼的人或物quit v. infml to stop and leave 停顿；辞职recruitment n. 聘请，招工mission n. a group of people, esp. people acting for their country, who are sent abroad for special reason 使团，代表团；任务，使命plague v. to cause continual discomfort, suffering, or trouble to, to make rather angry 熬煎，苦恼；使得灾祸compensation n. 赔偿金，赔偿费，赔偿物self-esteem n. one’s good or too good opinion of one’s own worth 自尊心；自大，自负。

工商管理专业英语

envision v. 想象、设想、展望 They envision an equal society, free of poverty and disease.
affordable adj. 支付得起的、不太昂贵的 v. afford 担负得起、提供、给予 affordable housing 经济适用房
3. 3. Focus: specific regional market or customer groups
Managerial Structure
First-line managers middle managers
top managers
Strategic goals
tactical objectives operational objectives
adj. 客观的、真实的、目标的
Management pyramid 管理金字塔、管理组织结构 Top managers 高层管理者（通常包括CEO, COO, CFO, CIO等） Strategic goals 战略目标（全局的、总体的目标） Middle managers 中层管理者（通常包括部门经理、分公司经理等） Tactical objectives 战术目标（部门的目标、服从于strategic
New Manager
1.Thinks of self as sponsor（发起者主办者） , team leader, or internal consultant（顾问）. 2.Deals with anyone necessary to get the job done. 3.Changes organizational structures in response to market change. 4.Invites others to join in decision making. 5.Shares information.

工商管理英语词汇

Unit 1Fortune Magazine 财富杂志500---topenterprises 500强企业Organizational settings/structure 组织设置/设计Organizational goal 组织目标Common goal 共同目标for-profit companies 盈利性公司non-profit companies 非盈利性组织Market share 市场份额Manager 经理General Manager 总经理Deputy General Manager 副总经理Department manager 部门经理Product manager 产品经理Account manager 财务经理Plant manager 工厂经理Division manager 分部经理District manager 区域经理Task force manager 业务经理CEO: Chief executives officer 首席执行官Chief knowledge officer 首席培训官Chief information officer 首席信息官President 总裁Managing director 常务董事Supervisor 督导员Coach 培训员insurance agent 保险业务员stockbroker 股票经济人accountant 会计师lawyer 律师famous brand 名牌managerial competencies 管理能力revenue 营业收益scope of management 管理幅度quality control 质量控制communication competency 沟通能力empower 授权goods and services 商品和服务Unit 2level of management 管理层次first-line manager 一线经理/基层管理者steel production plant 钢铁生产厂sales manager 销售经理dealership 经销（商）telemarketing center 电话营销中心parts 零件settle disputes 解决争端overtime 加班inspect products 检验产品technical expertise 专业技术day-to-day task 日常工作middle management 中层管理者nonmanagerial personnel 非管理人员director of finance 财务主任receptionist 接待员stuff assistant 助理人员evaluation criteria 评估标准performance 业绩delegate 授权mission 宗旨government negotiation 政府谈判community affairs 社区事务business competition 商业竞争managerial thoughts 管理思想restructuring of organization 企业重组merger 合并downsize 缩小规模lay off 使…下岗；解雇decentralization 分散决策bureaucracy 官僚作风layers of hierarchy 机构层次improve customer relations 改善客户关系human resource 人力资源authoritarian management 独裁主义管理self-management 自我管理autonomous companies 独立公司outsourcing 外包modular corporation 组件公司apparel company 服装公司strategic decisions 战略决策unit cost of production 单位生产成本overhead 一般管理费用competitive advantage 竞争优势strategic alliance 战略联盟reap benefits 获得收益biotechnology 生化技术pharmaceuticals 制药业economics 经济学economic behavior 经济行为scarcity 稀缺性individual decisionmaking 个人决策tradeoff 交换关系efficiency 效率equity 公平opportunity cost 机会成本rational people 理性人margin 边际MR marginal revenue 边际收益MC marginal cost 边际成本MU marginal utility 边际效用incentives 激励competitors and partners 竞争对手和贸易伙伴supply 供给demand 需求economic equilibrium 经济均衡change in demand 需求的变动change in supply 供给的变动Change in quantity demanded 需求量的变动change in quantity supplied 供给量的变动preference 偏好factors of production 生产要素surplus 剩余shortage 短缺theory of the firm 公司理论perfect competition 完全竞争price-taker 价格的接受者price-setter 价格的制定者monopoly 垄断oligopolistic 寡头垄断competitive monopoly 垄断竞争TC total cost 总成本TFC total fixed cost 总固定成本TVC total variable cost 总可变成本ATC average total cost 平均总成本AFC average fixed cost 平均固定成本A VC average variable cost 平均可变成本market economy 市场经济factor market 要素市场invisible hand 看不见的手value of a good 商品价值welfare of the society 社会福利market failure 市场失灵government intervention 政府干预externality 外部性external benefit 外部收益external cost 外部成本market power 市场权利public goods 公共物品standard of living 生活水平inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩CPI: consumer price index 消费价格指数budget deficit 预算赤字minimum-wage laws 最低工资法trade union 工会financial market 金融市场economic policymaker 经济政策制定者Phillips curve 菲利普斯曲线equitable distribution 平均分配personal income tax 个人所得税welfare system 福利制度health care 医疗national income account 国民收入帐户expenditure approach 支出法GDP 国内生产总值capital goods 资本品capital stock 资本存货transfer payment 转移支付government bonds 政府债券tax evasion 偷税、漏税frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业structural unemployment 结构性失业cyclical unemployment 周期性失业seasonal unemployment 季节性失业primary responsibility 主要责任planning framework 计划框架read future 解读未来management by objectives 目标管理set goals 设定目标develop action plan 指定行动计划review progress 检查进展情况quality goals 质量目标periodic review/check up 定期检查appraise overall performance 评价总体绩效safety problem 安全问题quarterly safety reports 每季度安全报告single-use plan 一次性计划standing plans 常备计划quality planning 质量计划shewhart cycle shewhart循环service quality 服务质量contingency plan 应变计划scenario 方案corporate goals 公司目标planning time horizon 计划时间范围performance appraisal system 业绩评估体系emergency budget 紧急预算flexibility 灵活性adaptability 适应性system of safety recognition 安全认定系统line supervisor 基层管理者commendation letter 表彰信corporate values 公司价值观念market standing 市场定位mission statement 企业宗旨说明learning organization 学习型组织top-down approach 自上而下制定计划法bottom-up approach 自下而上制定计划法long-range planning 长期计划Organizing 组织restructure 结构重组deployment of resources 资源配置mechanism for coordinating 协作机制decision responsibility 决策职责hierarchical level 组织层极span of managers’ control 经理管理职权vertical control 纵向控制work specialization 工作专业化division of labor 劳动分工chain of command 指令链unity of command 指令唯一性delegation 授权tyrants 独裁者accountability 承担责任line authority 业务权力staff authority 职能权力line department 业务部门staff department 职能部门centralization 集中决策decentralization 分散决策formalization 规范化rule books 规章手册job description 工作观念vertical functional approach 纵向管理divisional approach 分层管理horizontal matrix 横向矩阵结构team-based approach 任务组管理network approach 组件管理divisional structure 分层管理结构product structure 产品机构program structure 项目结构self-contained unit structure 自己自足的单位结构geographic structure 地区性管理结构autonomous business 独立自治企业medium-sized corporation 中型企业dual/two lines of authority 双重领导product line 产品业务key matrix roles 矩阵管理中的关键作用cross-functional team 跨功能工作组virtual network 虚拟组件final assembly 成品组装leading 领导motivation 激励Need theories 需求理论Hierarchy of needs theory 需求层次理论Two-factor theory 双因素理论Process theories 过程型理论Expectancy theory 期望理论Goal-setting theory 目标设置理论Reinforcement theory 强化理论Motivation process 激励过程Content theories 内容型理论Physiological needs 生理需求Safety needs 安全需求Belongingness needs 归属需求Esteem needs 尊重需求Self-actualization needs 自我实现需求Need for achievement (nAch) 成就需求Need for affiliation (nAff) 归属需求Need for power (nPow) 权力需求position power 职位权力legitimate power 法理权力reward power 奖赏权力coercive power 惩罚权力personal power 个性化权力expert power 专业技能权力referent power 禀性相关权力Equity theory 公平理论charismatic leadership 个人魅力型领导autocratic leader 独断/专断型领导democratic leader 民主型领导authoritarian management 极权型领导centralize authority 集权supportive leadership 支持型领导directive leadership 指导型领导participative leadership 参与型领导achievement-oriented leadership 业绩导向型领导transformational leadership 变革型领导transactional leadership 运作型领导servant leadership 公仆型领导organizational settings 组织结构/设置shared vision 共识design structure 设计企业结构Unit 9control process 控制过程control system 控制系统strategic control 战略控制tactical control 战术控制operational control 作业控制organizational control 企业控制feedforward control 事前控制concurrent control 事中控制feedback control 事后控制budget and financial controls 预算和财务控制liguidity ratios 流动比率activity ratios 业绩比率profitability ratios 利润率leverage tatios 杠杆比率expense budget 支出预算capital budget 资本预算revenue budget 收入预算cash budget 现金预算market control 市场控制overcontrol 过度控制undercontrol 控制不足bureaucratic control 层级管理方法decentralization control 权力下放/分权管理self-discipline 自律individual performance 个人表现corporate culture 公司/企业文化employee s’ commitment involvement 雇员的承诺与参与monitor and influence employees’ behavior 监督、影响雇员行为define minimal standards 规定最低限度标准control the flow and pace of work 控制工作流量与速度Too much control can backfire 过多的控制会产生事与愿违的结果。

管理类英语词汇

管理类英语词汇目标 mission/ objective 内部环境 internal environment 外部环境external environment 集体目标 group objective 计划 planning 组织organizing人事 staffing 领导 leading 控制 controlling步骤 process 原理 principle 方法 technique经理 manager 总经理 general manager 行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor 企业 enterprise 商业 business产业 industry 公司 company 效果 effectiveness效率efficiency 企业家 entrepreneur 权利 power职权 authority 职责 responsibility 科学 scientific management现代经营 modern operational management 行为科学 behavior science 生产率 productivity 激励 motivate 动机 motive法律 law 法规 regulation 经济体系 economic system职能 managerial function 产品 product 服务 service利润 profit 满意 satisfaction 归属 affiliation尊敬 esteem 自我实现 self-actualization 人力投入 human input盈余 surplus 收入 income 成本 cost 资本货物 capital goods机器 machinery 设备 equipment 建筑 building 存货 inventory经验法 the empirical approach 人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法 the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法 the social-technical systems approach 决策理论法the decision theory approach法 the mathematical approach 系统法 the systems approach随机制宜法 the contingency approach 任务法 the managerial roles approach经营法 the operational approach 人际关系 human relation学 psychology 态度 attitude 压力 pressure 冲突 conflict招聘 recruit 鉴定 appraisal 选拔 select 培训 train报酬 compensation 授权 delegation of authority 协调 coordinate 业绩 performance考绩制度 merit system 表现 behavior 下级 subordinate 偏差deviation检验记录 inspection record 误工记录 record of labor-hours lost 销售量 sales volume 产品质量 quality of products 先进技术 advanced technology 顾客服务 customer service 策略 strategy 结构structure 领先性 primacy 普遍性 pervasiveness 忧虑 fear 忿恨resentment 士气 morale 解雇 layoff批发 wholesale 零售 retail 程序 procedure 规则 rule规划 program 预算 budget 共同作用 synergy 大型联合企业conglomerate 资源 resource 购买 acquisition 增长目标 growth goal 专利产品 proprietary product 竞争对手 rival 晋升 promotion 决策managerial decision 商业道德 business ethics 有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商 supplier 小贩 vendor 利益冲突 conflict of interests 派生政策 derivative policy 开支帐户 expense account 批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave 休假 vacation 工时 labor-hour 机时 machine-hour 资本支出 capital outlay 现金流量 cash flow 工资率 wage rate 税收率 tax rate 股息 dividend 现金状况 cash position 资金短缺capital shortage总预算 overall budget 资产负债表 balance sheet 可行性feasibility投入原则 the commitment principle 投资回报 return on investment 生产能力 capacity to produce 实际工作者 practitioner 最终结果end result 业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest 福利 welfare 市场占有率 market share 创新 innovation 生产率 productivity 利润率 profitability社会责任 public responsibility 董事会 board of director 组织规模size of the organization 组织文化 organizational culture 目标management by objectives 评价工具 appraisal tool 激励方法motivational techniques 控制手段 control device 个人价值personal worth 优势 strength 弱点 weakness 机会 opportunity 威胁threat个人责任 personal responsibility 顾问 counselor 定量目标quantitative objective 定性目标 qualitative objective 可考核目标verifiable objective 优先 priority 工资表 payroll 策略 strategy 政策 policy 灵活性 discretion 多种经营 diversification 评估assessment 一致性 consistency应变策略 consistency strategy 公共关系 public relation 价值value 抱负 aspiration 偏见 prejudice 审查 review 批准 approval主要决定 major decision 分公司总经理 division general manager 资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix 明星 star 问号 question mark 现金牛cash cow 赖狗 dog 采购 procurement 人口因素 demographic factor 地理因素 geographic factor 公司形象 company image产品系列 product line 合资企业 joint venture 破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy 战术 tactics 追随 followership个性 individuality 性格 personality 安全 safety 自主权 latitude 悲观的 pessimistic 静止的 static 乐观的 optimistic 动态的dynamic 灵活的 flexible 抵制 resistance 敌对 antagonism 折中eclectic 激励 motivation 潜意识 subconscious 地位 status 情感affection 欲望 desire 压力 pressure满足 satisfaction自我实现的需要 needs for self-actualization 尊敬的需要 esteem needs 归属的需要 affiliation needs 安全的需要 security needs 生理的需要 physiological needs 维持 maintenance 保健 hygiene 激励因素 motivator 概率 probability 强化理论 reinforcement theory 反馈 feedback 奖金 bonus 股票期权 stock option 劳资纠纷 labor dispute 缺勤率 absenteeism 人员流动 turnover 奖励 reward 特许经营 franchise 热诚 zeal 信心 confidence 鼓舞 inspire 要素ingredient忠诚 loyalty 奉献 devotion 作风 style 品质 trait适应性 adaptability 进取性 aggressiveness 热情 enthusiasm毅力 persistence 人际交往能力 interpersonal skills行政能力 administrative ability智力 intelligence 专制式领导 autocratic leader 民主式领导democratic leader 自由放任式领导 free-rein leader 方格图 the managerial grid 工作效率 work efficiency 服从 obedience 领导行为 leader behavior 支持型领导 supportive leadership 参与型领导 participative leadership指导型领导 instrumental leadership成就取向型领导 achievement-oriented leadershipAutomated inspection 自动化检验automatic assembly system 自动化装配系统applied biomechanics 应用生物力学CAD/CAM 辅助设计与制造computer integrated manufacturing system 整合制造系统data structure 数据结构data base management system 数据库系统decision analysis 决策分析engineering economy 工程经济engineering statistics 工程统计facilities planning 设施规划factory diagnoisis and improvement method 工厂诊断与改善方法financial and cost analysis 财务与成本分析fuzzy theory and application 模糊理论与应用human-computer interaction HCI人因工程与系统human factors engineering 人因工程human information processing 人类讯息处理human-machine system design 人机系统设计human resource management 人力资源human system diagnosis and improvement 人体系统诊断与改善industrial environment evaluation 工业环境评估industrial organizations and management 工业组织与industrial safety 工业安全information technology 信息技术intellectual property laws 智慧财产权法knowledge engineering 知识工程linear algebra 线性代数manufacturing automation 制造自动化manufacturing engineering 制造工程manufacturing management 制造manufacturing process 制造程序manufacturing systems and management 制造系统与market and marketing 市场与行销material flows automation 物流自动化mathematical programming 规划multicriteria decision making 多目标规划multi-criteria decision methods 多准则决策分析network analysis 网络分析numerical analysis 数值分析organization and management 组织与product and technology development management 产品与技术开发production management 生产production planning and control 生产计划与管制quality control 质量quality engineering 品质工程quality management techniques and practice 品质queueing theory 等候线理论reliability engineering 可靠度工程research;development and innovation management 研究发展semiconductor production management 半导体生产sequencing and scheduling 排序与排程simulation 模拟分析statistical method 统计方法stochastic processes 随机系统strategic management of technology 技术策略system analysis and design in large scale 大型系统分析与设计system performance evaluation 系统绩效评估技术system quality assurance engineering 系统品质保证工程systems engineering 系统工程systems simulation 系统仿真vision and colors 视觉与色彩work physiology 工作生理学work study 工作研究Accounting Assistant 助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 部经理Accounting Stall 部职员Accounting Supervisor 主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 资料输入员Computer Engineer 工程师Computer Processing Operator 处理操作员Computer System Manager 系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. Foreign ExchangeClerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/ President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager's Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer 硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/ Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff 项目策划人员Promotional Manager 推售部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购进货员Quality Control Engineer 质量工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research＆.Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Software Engineer 软件工程师Supervisor 监管员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Systems Engineer 系统工程师Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑Technical Translator 技术翻译Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive电讯电信员Telephonist / Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员Translator 翻译员Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员Wordprocessor Operator 文字处理操作员Aaccess discrimination 进入歧视 action research 动作研究adjourning 解散 adhocracy 特别结构administrative principle 原则 artifacts 人工环境artificial intelligence 人工智能工巧匠 avoiding learning 规避性学习ambidextrous approach 双管齐下策略Bbalance sheet 资产负债表 bcg matrix 波士顿咨询集团矩阵bona fide occupation qualifications 善意职业资格审查bounded rationality 有限理性 bureaucracy 官僚机构benchmarking 标杆瞄准 bounded rationality perspective 有限理性方法boundary-spanning roles 跨超边界作用Ccomputer-aided design and computer-automated manufacturingcad/cam 辅助设计与自动生产confrontation 对话 consortia 企业联合change agent 变革促进者 chaos theory 混沌理论charismatic leaders 魅力型领导者 charity principle 博爱原则coercive power 强制权 cohesiveness 凝聚力collaborative management 合作型 comparable worth 可比较价值competitive benchmarking 竞争性基准 confrontation meeting 碰头会constancy of purpose 永久性目标 contingency approach 权变理论corporate social performance 公司社会表现 corporate social responsibility公司社会责任corporate social responsiveness公司社会反应 critical incident 关键事件current assets 流动资产 current liabilities 流动负债culture strength 文化强度 creative department 创造性部门craft technology 技艺性技术 contextual dimension 关联性维度continuous process production 连续加工生产 collectivity stage 集体化阶段clan control 小团体控制 clan culture 小团体文化coalition 联合团体 collaborative 协作网络centrality 集中性 centraliazation 集权化charismatic authority 竭尽忠诚的权力Ddecentralization 分权 democracy management 民主departmentalization 部门化 differential rate system 差别报酬系统dialectical inquiry methods 辩证探求法 division of labor 劳动分工downward mobility 降职流动 dynamic engagement 动态融合dynamic network 动态网络 domain 领域direct interlock 直接交叉 divisional form 事业部模式differentiation strategy 差别化战略 decision premise 决策前提dual-core approach 二元核心模式Eelectronic data-processingedp 电子数据处理 employee-oriented style 员工导向型风格empowerment 授权 encoding 解码end-user computing 终端用户计算系统 entrepreneurship 企业家精神equity 净资产 equity theory 公平理论espoused value 信仰价值 ethnocentric manager 种族主义的者expectancy theory 期望理论 expense budget 支出预算expense center 费用中心 external audit 外部审计external stakeholders 外部利益相关者 extrinsic rewards 外部奖励ethic ombudsperson 伦理巡视官 external adaption 外部适应性elaboration stage 精细阶段 entrepreneurial stage 创业阶段escalating commitment 顽固认同Ffamily group 家庭集团 financial statement 财务报表flat hierarchies 扁平型结构 flexible budget 弹性预算force-field theory 场力理论 formal authority 合法权力formal systematic appraisal 正式的系统评估 franchise 特许经营权formalization stage 规范化阶段 functional grouping 职能组合formal channel of communication 正式沟通渠道Ggame theory 博弈论 general financial condition 一般财务状况geocentric manager 全球化者 general manager 总经理globalization 全球化 gossip chain 传言链grapevine 传言网 global strategic partnership 全球战略伙伴关系general environment 一般环境 generalist 全面战略geographic grouping 区域组合 global company 全球公司global geographic structure 全球区域结构Hhawthorne effect 霍桑效应 heuristic principles 启发性原理hierarchy 科层制度 hiring specification 招聘细则horizontal linkage model 横向联系模型 hybrid structure 混合结构high tech 高接触 high-velocity environments 高倍速环境impoverished management 放任式 income statement 损益表information transformation 信息转换 infrastructure 基础设施integrative process 整合过程 intelligent enterprises 智力企业internal audit 内部审计 internal stakeholder 内部相关者internship 实习 intrapreneurship 内部企业家精神intrinsic reward 内在报酬 inventory 库存; 存货internal integration 内部整合 interorganization relationship 组织间的关系intergroup conflict 团体间冲突 interlocking directorate 交叉董事会institutional perspective 机构的观点 intuitive decision making 直觉决策idea champion 构思倡导者 incremental change 渐进式变革informal organizational structure 非正式组织结构informal performance appraisal 非正式业绩评价job description 职务描述 job design 职务设计job enlargement 职务扩大化 job enrichment 职务丰富化job rotation 职务轮换 job specialization 职务专业化Kkey performance areas 关键业务区 key result areas 关键绩效区Llabor productivity index 劳动生产力指数 laissez management 自由化large batch production 大批量生产 lateral communication 横向沟通leadership style 领导风格 least preferred co-workerlpc最不喜欢的同事legitimate power 合法权力 liability 负债liaison 联络者 line authority 直线职权liquidity 流动性 liaison role 联络员角色long-linked technology 纵向关联技术 losses from conflict 冲突带来的损失low-cost leadership 低成本领先Mmanagement by objective 目标 Managerial Grid 方格matrix bosses 矩阵主管 management champion 倡导者materials-requirements planningMRP 物料需求计划Mslow;s hierarchy of needs 马斯洛需求层次论marketing argument 文化多元化营销观 multiculturalism 文化多元主义multidivisional firm 多部门公司 moral rules 道德准则management by walking aroundMBWA 走动式matrix structure 矩阵结构 multinational enterpriseMNE 跨国公司moral relativism 道德相对主义 mechanistic system 机械式组织middle-of-the-road management 中庸式 meso theory 常态理论multidomestic strategy 多国化战略mediating technology 调停技术Nna ve relativism 朴素相对主义 need-achievement 成就需要norming 规范化 norms 规范nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策 nonsubstitutability 非替代性nonroutine technology 非例行技术 niche 领地Ooff-the-job training 脱产培训 on-the-job training 培训operational budget 运营预算 order backlog 订单储备organic system 有机系统 organizational developmentOD 组织发展orientation 定位 outcome interdependence 结果的相互依赖性outplacement services 外延服务 organization ecosystem 组织生态系统Pparadox of authority 权威的矛盾 paradox of creativity 创造力的矛盾paradox of disclosure 开放的矛盾 paradox of identify 身份的矛盾paradox of individuality 个性的矛盾 paradox of regression 回归的矛盾partial productivity 部分生产率 participative management 参与式path-goal model 路径目标模型 peer recruiter 同级招聘political action committeesPACs 活动委员会polycentric manager 多中心者 portfolio framework 业务组合框架portfolio investment 资产组合投资 positive reinforcement 正强化production flexibility 生产柔性 profitability 收益率programmed decisions 程序化决策 psychoanalytic view 精神分析法paradigm 范式 personal ratios 人员比例pooled dependence 集合性依存 professional bureaucracy 专业官僚机构problem identification 问题识别 problemistic search 问题搜寻population ecology model 种群生态模型Qquality 质量 quality circle 质量圈question mark 问题类市场 quid pro quo 交换物Rrational model of decision making 理性决策模式realistic job previewRJP 实际工作预览reciprocal interdependence 相互依存性resource dependence 资源依赖理论routine technology 例行技术 retention 保留rational approach 理性方法 rational model 理性模型rational-legal authority 理性—合法权威Ssemivariable cost 准可变成本 sense of potency 力量感sensitivity training 敏感性训练 sexual harassment 性骚扰short-run capacity changes 短期生产能力变化 single-strand chain 单向传言链situational approach 情境方法 situational force 情境力量situational leadership theory 情境领导理论 sliding-scale budget 移动规模预算small-batch production 小规模生产 sociotechnical approaches 社会科技方法span of management 幅度 staff authority 参谋职权standing plan 长设计划 step budget 分步预算stewardship principle 管家原则 stimulus 刺激storming 调整阶段 strategic management 战略strategic partnering 战略伙伴关系 strategy formulation 战略制定strategy implementation 战略实施 strategic control 战略控制strategic contingencies 战略权变 satisficing 满意度subsystems 子系统 subunits 子单位synergy 协同 system boundary 系统边界structure dimension 结构性维度 sequential interdependence 序列性依存self-directed team 自我型团队 specialist 专门战略strategy and structure changes 战略与结构变革symptoms of structural deficiency 结构无效的特征Ttall hierarchies 高长型科层结构 task force or project team 任务小组或项目团队task independence 任务的内部依赖性 task management 任务型task-oriented style 任务导向型风格 total productivity 全部生产率Total Quality Management 全面质量 training positions 挂职培训training program 培训程序 transactional leaders 交易型领导transformational leaders 变革型领导 treatment discrimination 歧视待遇two-factory theory 双因素理论 two-boss employees 双重主管员工technical or product champion 技术或产品的倡导者Uunfreezing 解冻 unit production 单位产品Vvariation 变种子 variety 变量valence 效价 variable costs 可变成本vertical communication 纵向沟通 vertical integration 纵向一体化vestibule training 仿真培训 volume flexibility 产量的可伸缩性vertical linkage 纵向连接 venture team 风险团队value based leadership 基于价值的领导Wwin-lose situation 输赢情境 win-win situation 双赢情境workforce literacy 员工的读写能力 work in progress 在制品work flow redesign 工作流程再造成 work flow automation 工作流程自动化whistle blowing 揭发Zzero-sum 零---和zone of indifferencearea of acceptance 无差异区域可接受区域编辑：admin。

高考英语职业名词分类汇总

高考英语职业名词分类汇总在高考英语中，职业名词是一个常见的题型，涉及到各个行业和职业。

了解职业名词的分类和相关知识，对于高考英语的备考非常重要。

下面将详细介绍高考英语职业名词的分类。

一、工商管理类1. 管理者/主管 - manager/supervisor2. 行政人员 - administrative staff3. 会计师 - accountant4. 接待员/前台 - receptionist5. 财务经理 - financial manager6. 人力资源专员 - human resources specialist7. 市场营销经理 - marketing manager8. 国际业务经理 - international business manager9. 销售代表 - sales representative10. 项目经理 - project manager二、教育类1. 教师 - teacher2. 幼儿园老师 - kindergarten teacher3. 学校校长 - school principal4. 教育顾问 - education consultant5. 辅导员 - counselor6. 教育研究员 - educational researcher7. 高中生辅导员 - high school guidance counselor8. 大学教授 - university professor9. 课程设计师 - curriculum designer10. 校外培训员 - extracurricular trainer三、医疗保健类1. 医生 - doctor2. 护士 - nurse3. 外科医生 - surgeon4. 牙医 - dentist5. 心理咨询师 - psychologist6. 助产士 - midwife7. 药剂师 - pharmacist8. 康复治疗师 - physical therapist9. 保健专家 - health specialist10. 医学研究员 - medical researcher四、科技类1. 工程师 - engineer2. 计算机程序员 - computer programmer3. 网络管理员 - network administrator4. 数据分析师 - data analyst5. 软件开发人员 - software developer6. 电子工程师 - electrical engineer7. 信息安全专家 - information security specialist8. 网络安全专家 - network security specialist9. 科学家 - scientist10. 技术支持 - technical support五、艺术类1. 演员 - actor/actress2. 歌手 - singer3. 舞者 - dancer4. 画家 - painter5. 摄影师 - photographer6. 剧作家 - playwright7. 设计师 - designer8. 影视制作人 - filmmaker9. 音乐家 - musician10. 雕刻家 - sculptor六、法律类1. 律师 - lawyer2. 法官 - judge3. 检察官 - prosecutor4. 法律顾问 - legal advisor5. 合同专员 - contract specialist6. 仲裁员 - arbitrator7. 司法调查员 - forensic investigator8. 刑事辩护律师 - criminal defense lawyer9. 知识产权律师 - intellectual property lawyer10. 法案撰写员 - bill drafter七、体育类1. 运动员 - athlete2. 教练 - coach3. 裁判 - referee4. 体育记者 - sports journalist5. 运动理疗师 - sports physical therapist6. 足球运动员 - soccer player7. 游泳教练 - swimming coach8. 体育评论员 - sports commentator9. 体育营销经理 - sports marketing manager10. 体育科学家 - sports scientist八、媒体与传播类1. 记者 - journalist2. 编辑 - editor3. 出版商 - publisher4. 广播主持人 - radio/TV host5. 公关专员 - public relations specialist6. 社交媒体经理 - social media manager7. 广告创意总监 - creative director8. 摄影记者 - photojournalist9. 网络内容创作者 - content creator10. 传媒分析师 - media analyst九、公共服务类1. 警察 - police officer2. 消防员 - firefighter3. 社会工作者 - social worker4. 心理咨询师 - psychologist5. 社区服务人员 - community service worker6. 图书馆管理员 - librarian7. 公园管理员 - park ranger8. 城市规划师 - urban planner9. 环境保护专家 - environmental protection expert10. 海关官员 - customs officer十、其他职业1. 翻译 - translator2. 导游 - tour guide3. 飞行员 - pilot4. 宇航员 - astronaut5. 军事人员 - military personnel6. 宗教领袖 - religious leader7. 艺术家 - artist8. 作家 - writer9. 发明家 - inventor10. 探险家 - explorer以上是高考英语职业名词的分类汇总。

工商企业管理英语

工商企业管理英语
商业企业管理英语，也称为工商管理英语，是指与商业企业管理相关的英语技能和词汇。

它旨在帮助人们在商业领域中进行沟通、协商和管理。

以下是一些与工商企业管理相关的常见词汇和短语：
1. Business administration - 商业管理
2. Human resources - 人力资源
3. Marketing - 市场营销
4. Finance - 财务
5. Accounting - 会计
6. Supply chain management - 供应链管理
7. Strategic planning - 战略规划
8. Leadership - 领导力
9. Decision-making - 决策
10. Teamwork - 团队合作
11. Budgeting - 预算编制
12. Risk management - 风险管理
13. Sales management - 销售管理
14. Public relations - 公共关系
15. Corporate governance - 公司治理
16. Entrepreneurship - 创业精神
17. Customer relationship management - 客户关系管理
18. Project management - 项目管理
19. Organizational behavior - 组织行为
20. Business ethics - 商业道德
这些词汇和短语可以帮助人们理解和交流有关商业企业管理的重要概念和原则。

掌握工商企业管理英语的技能对于在商业职场中取得成功非常重要。

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精品课件
Human resource management
promotion – from – within 内部提拔 boost the morale of the employees 鼓舞
士气 career development 职业规划 subunit 二级单位 field ship 实地考察 would-be managers 要提拔管理者 rotate 轮换
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short-term loans 短期贷款 commercial paper商业票据 life insurance companies 人寿保险公司 pension funds 退休基金 bonds 债券 stocks 股票
精品课件
Forms of business ownership
Sustainable development 可持续发展 Hard selling 强行推销 Discretionary income 可支配收入 Sales-oriented 销售为导向 Warranty 质保 Sell off 清仓 Market share 市场份额
精品课件
marketing
Fringe benefits 附加福利 Drawback 障碍 Creditor 债权人 Pool their money and credit 筹资和贷款 Claim bankruptcy 宣布破产 A salaried laborer or employee 上班族 Wind up business 关闭生意
精品课件
Marketing
PLC product life cycle introduction phase growth phase maturity phase decline phase
Market segmentation 市场细分 Marketing mix 营销组合
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marketing
精品课件
Forms of business ownership
Be liable for 对……负有法律责任 State-owned enterprise 国有企业 Broad of directors 董事会 Issuance 发行 Minute book 记录薄 Annual report 年度报告 Sales volume 销售量
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Human resource management
cover letter 自荐信 socialization 定位 labor market 劳动力市场 rate of turnover 人员更替速率 entry- level 入门水平 job openings 职位空缺 credit checks 信用调查
negotiator
谈判者
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management
Meet people’s needs 满足需求 Set annual budgets 制定年度预算 Structural reorganizations 结构重组 Division 部门 Departmentalization 部门化 Line manager 生产线管理人员 Division manager 部门经理 Budget allocations 件
formal organization 正式组织 division of labor 劳动分工 departmentalization 部门化 delegation 授权 stakeholders 利害相关者 organizational chart 组织结构图 flatter organization 扁平组织 cash flow 现金流量 trade credit 商业信用
Retailer 零售商 Wholesaler 批发商 Mail order 邮购 Target audience 目标观众 Build awareness 树立品牌意识 Rebate 价格折扣 Premium 赠品
精品课件
marketing
Sponsorship 赞助 Revenue 收益 negative profit 负收益 A profit margin 边际利润 a successor product 替代产品 Population density 人口密度 Health conscious 健康意识
联络者
Informational 信息传递角色
monitor
监听者
disseminator 传播者
spokesperson 发言者
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Decisional 决策制定角色
entrepreneur 企业家
disturbance handler 混乱驾驭者
resource allocator 资源分配者
Management
Planning Organizing Directing Controlling
Organizational objectives
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Managerial roles
Interpersonal 人际关系角色
figurehead 挂名首脑
leader
领导者
liaison
精品课件
Forms of business ownership
Total assets 总资产 Paperwork 文书工作 default 违约 Real state 房地产 Start from scratch 白手起家 Trademark 注册商标 Coupon 优惠券
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精品课件
Sole proprietorships Partnerships Joint ventures Corporations Limited liability company Mergers & acquisitions Franchises
精品课件
Forms of business ownership

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工商管理专业英语词汇

工商管理专业英语

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