职称英语(卫生类)辅导讲义(五)
职称英语卫生类补全短文例题精讲
U.S., European drug officials approve inhaled insulin A form of insulin for people with diabetes to take by mouth is expected to be sold within a few months. The new medicine is called Exubera.1 The United States Food and Drug Administration2 and the European Commission3 both recently approved it for adults. It could make life easier for many diabetics who require daily injections of insulin to control their blood sugar levels. But it will not replace all insulin injections. And it is not for everyone. People who smoke or have stopped smoking for less than six months should not take Exubera. __________(1)__________ Three drug companies -- Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis and Nektar Therapeutics -- developed the inhaled insulin.__________(2)__________ Experts say about fifteen percent of diabetics who need insulin do not take it. The treatment can involve several injections each day. Insulin is a hormone that the body uses to change food into energy. Failure to control blood sugar levels can lead to serious problems, including blindness and loss of blood flow to the feet. It can also lead to heart disease, stroke and kidney failure.4 Insulin has been sold as a drug since the nineteen twenties. This is the first new way to take it. Exubera uses a powder breathed into the lungs through a mouthpiece. Pfizer will study the long-term effects. It says some patients have reported a mild cough while using the inhaled insulin. __________(3)__________ Many people do not know they have diabetes. There are two forms. Most diabetics have the Type Two form. Their body does not make enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. __________(4)__________ Most Type Two diabetics do not take insulin. Their medicines can be taken by mouth. Diet, exercise and weight control are also important. Type One diabetes often begins in childhood. __________(5)__________ Officials say diabetics with either type could use inhaled insulin, either before or after a meal. But Type One diabetics and some with Type Two would still need a longer-lasting injection at least once a day. 词汇： inhale vt. 吸⼊ vi. 吸⽓ insulin n. 胰岛素 diabetes n. 糖尿病;多尿症 diabetic adj. 糖尿病的 n. 糖尿病患者 injection n. 注射;注射液，针剂 therapeutics n. 治疗学;疗法，治疗 hormone n. 激素，荷尔蒙 stroke n.(疾病)发作;中风 mouthpiece n. 接⼝管 注释： 1. Exubera：⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的商品名 2. United States Food and Drug Administration：美国⾷品及药品管理局 3. European Commission：欧盟委员会(简称欧委会，是欧盟的常设机构，也是欧盟有权起草法令的机构) 4. kidney failure：肾衰竭(这⾥failure是“衰竭”的意思) 练习： A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin. B Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide. C The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes. D It is common in people who are overweight and not active. E Some patients with lung disease should not take it either. F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera, and at least once a year after that. 答案与题解： 1.分析⽂章标题：U.S., European(欧洲的) drug(药品) officials(官员) approve(批准) inhaled(被吸⼊的) insulin(胰岛素) 2.分析被选项： A With this type(类型) the body is unable to produce insulin. B Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide. C The control(控制) of their blood sugar(⾎糖) levels is most important for patients with diabetes. D It is common in people who are overweight and not active. E Some patients (病⼈)with lung disease should not take it either. F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名), and at least once a year after that. 3.直接解题： A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin. B Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide. C The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes. D It is common in people who are overweight and not active. E Some patients (病⼈)with lung disease (疾病)should not take it either(也/as well/ too, also). F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名), and at least once a year after that. A form of insulin for people with diabetes to take by mouth is expected to be sold within a few months. The new medicine is called Exubera.1 The United States Food and Drug Administration2 and the European Commission3 both recently approved it for adults. It could make life easier for many diabetics who require daily injections of insulin to control their blood sugar levels. But it will not replace all insulin injections. And it is not for everyone. People who smoke or have stopped smoking for less than (⼩于)six months should not take Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名).__________(1)__________ 1.E. 选项E和选项F可能是答案：这两个选项中均分别有3个词语与空格前句中的词语形成呼应：E(patients – people; lung disease – smoke; take - take); F(people – people; lungs – smoke, Exubera - Exubra)。
概括大意与完成句子--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第三部分讲义5
正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第三部分讲义5概括大意与完成句子4.问句不是主题句，需参考问答来确定主题例1：So who decides which names are used each year? The World Meteorological Organization uses six lists in rotation, so each list is reused every six years.（2006）A.Reason for naming hurricaneB.Warming of an approaching hurricaneC.Deadly womenD.History of naming hurricanesanization responsible for naming hurricanesF.Ways to track hurricanes[答疑编号505916030701]【答案】E例2：That leads to another question.Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose.They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm.They always seem to get covered in food stains.Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie.It lets everyone know what you just ate.（2007）A.Origin of the tieB.British tieselessness of the tieD.Old-fashioned tiesE.Role of the tieF.Signs of a tieless era老师手写内容：reason n. 原因use n. 使用purpose n. 目的，用途useless adj. 无用的useful adj. 有用的uselessness n. 无用，无效usefulness n. 有用，有效no purpose 没有目的[答疑编号505916030702]【答案】C例3：Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising.Many political leaders, including British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.A.Origin of the tieB.British tieselessness of the tieD.Old-fashioned tiesE.Role of the tie。
2015年职称英语卫生类考试语法指导
2015年职称英语卫生类考试语法指导五个基本句型根据动词的特性，构成英语中五个基本句型：1) 主语+ 系动词+ 表语3) 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语2) 主语+ 不及物动词(+ 其他成分)4) 主语+ 及物动词+ 双宾语5) 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语我们在学习5个基本句型时，主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。
第一句型：主语+ 系动词+ 表语第一句型：主语+ 系动词+ 表语1) 系动词一般为be 动词。
注意：look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow, keep, seem, stand等词可以作"半系动词"用，按行为动词方式变化，起系动词的作用。
试验比较：—— He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。
—— feel为行为动词)—— You look pale. Do you feel unwell? (你脸色苍白，感到不舒服?—— look / feel为系动词)一般来说，动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词，该动词为系动词，如：The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.实例："Don't worry. Let me take your pulse first." "Oh, it ______ normal." (脉搏正常)A. is feltB. is feelingC. feelsD. felt解题思路：normal为形容词，前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态，故A不对; look, feel, sound, taste, smell, seem等半系动词一般不用进行时，B也不对;D时态错了，故正确答案为C.2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型：there是引导词，不解释"那里"; 这是个倒装句, 主语在be动词的后面, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。
冲刺阶段第三次补课答疑讲义--职称英语卫生类
冲刺阶段第三次补课答疑第一阶段：补课环节（30分钟）本课知识点：• 1.词汇题的解题技巧• A. 选词典• B. 做题步骤• C. 做题技巧• D. 做题要求• 2.阅读判断题的解题技巧• A. 题型要求• B. 解题步骤• C. 答题规律一、词汇题的解题技巧1. 可选词典：•《博大精编多功能英汉词典》•《朗文英汉双解活用词典》•《英汉双解活用词典》2. 做题步骤：（1）先熟后生：把15道题的划线单词浏览一遍，并迅速勾出《考试用书》中要求掌握的单词的答案，有印象就可以选了；（2）一步到位：对于陌生的划线单词，直接查字典。
3. 做题技巧： （1）一步到位，只看划横线单词和选项单词。
直接把有语境的句子翻译题一步变成在五个单词中查找两个同义或近义词的题。
（2）采用词性排除法进行排除选项。
对于陌生划线单词，也不要急于直接查字典。
应先根据划线单词的词性对选项进行排除。
根据是词性一致原则： A、词性一致原则：也就是划线单词是名词、动词、形容词还是副词，其选项也应是相应的名词、动词、形容词或副词； B、名词单（复）数一致原则：也就是划线单词若是（不）可数名词，其选项也对应是（不）可数名词；可数名词是单（复）数，其选项也应是单（复）数；但要注意，有些可数名词的单复数形式是一样的； C、时态语态一致原则：也就是划线动词是什么时态或语态，其选项就应是相同的时态或语态，但要注意不规则动词；（1）单(复)数一致的原则。
也就是说划线单词如果是单(复)数可数名词，那么作为正确答案的选项也必须是单(复)数可数名词。
如：•例如：Passengers and (planes) are often equipped with ship-to-shore or air-to-land radiotelephones.• A. highways B. railroads C. sailboats D. aircraft•在这道题中，划横线单词planes是复数形式，因此入选答案也必须是复数形式。
职称英语B卫生类教材 电子版
那么，让我们再了解一下白藜芦醇。美国的一项研究表明，食用大量的白藜芦醇能使肥鼠延长寿命。红酒中含有白藜芦醇，但饲养老鼠所用的白藜芦醇比人们能从红酒中获取的要多得多。
l. All patients in the study refuse to receive any treatment because of the possibility to expose their HIV status.B
2. Worry about breaches in confidentiality of the HIV status has nothing to do with the curative effects on patients. B
3. Medical workers of an institution cannot freely provide their HIV-patients' information to those Of other institutions.A
4. whether an HIV-infected patient agrees to other ( not his) medical workers' sharing the
Privacy worry may keep HIV patients from therapy
对泄露隐私的担忧影响HIV患者接受治疗
(Patiens infected)HIV患者经常担心自己的HIV阳性特征的保密性。8月份《艾滋护理》-}中的一篇报道说，实际上，一些患者如此担忧以至于真的要放弃治疗以防止个人隐私被泄露。
职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-19
职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-191、If we leave now we should miss the traffic.【单选题】A.directB.stopC.mixD.avoid正确答案:D答案解析:题干大意：如果现在出发就能避免交通高峰。
miss 意为“错过”，如：I?missed?breakfast?this?morning.（今早我错过了吃早饭。
）direct意为“指挥”，如：She?directed?the?planning?of?the?festival.（她统管节日安排。
）stop意为“停止”，如：Stop?talking.（别说话。
）mix意为“混合”，如：Mix?water?and?flour.（将水和面粉混合。
）avoid意为“避免”，最符合题意，如：Avoid?making?any?noise（避免制造任何噪音。
）2、I?enjoyed?the?play?which?had?a?clever?plot?and?funny?dialo gues.【单选题】A.longB.boringC.originalD.humorous正确答案:D答案解析:题干大意：我喜欢这出有巧妙情节和风趣对话的戏。
funny意为“有趣的”，如：a?funny?story（有趣的故事）。
long 意为“长的”，如：long?hair（长发）。
boring意为“枯燥的”，如：a?boring?person（无聊的人）。
original意为“最初的”，如：Stick?to?the?original?plan.（坚持原计划。
）humorous意为“幽默的”，最符合题意，如：The?film?is?humorous?and?moving.（这部电影既风趣又动人。
）3、Smallpox virusIt's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. ____ the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, for no obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there's a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn't mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】A.AndB.WhileC.WhereasD.Although正确答案:A答案解析:上一句句末的标点符号表明本句是一个独立的句子。
2019年职称英语卫生类B级阅读复习讲义(5)
2019年职称英语卫生类B级阅读复习讲义(5)Sleep Problems Plague the Older SetOlder Americans often have difficulty getting a good night’s rest. It’s a huge quality-of- life problem, experts say, because contrary to popular belief, seniors require about the same amount of sleep as younger adults.“Sleep problems and sleep diso rders are not an inherent (固有的) part of aging,” said Dr. Harrison G. Bloom, an associate clinical professor of geriatrics (老年病学) and medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. “It’s pretty much of a myth that older people need less sl eep than younger people.”Yet, in a study published recently in The American Journal of Medicine, researchers found that more than half of older Americans have problems getting the sleep they need.Older people tend to have “sleepfragmentation,”mean ing they wake up more often during the night, said study author Dr. JulieGammack, an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatric Medicine at St. Louis University.They also seem to get less “REM” sleep, the type of sleep during which rapid eye movement occurs, Bloom added.It's unclear what role these naturally occurring changes in sleep patterns have on a person's quality of life, Bloom said. “What is important, though, is that older people oftenhave actual sleep disorders and probl ems with sleep,” he said.And, experts say, there is usually more than one cause.“Sleep trouble in older adults is typically associated with acute and chronic illnesses, including specific sleep disorders like sleep apnea (呼吸暂停) and restless leg syndrome that appear with greater frequency in older populations,” said Michael V. Vitiello, a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate director of the University of Washington's Northwest Geriatric Education Center.Taking multiple medications, as many older people do,can also lead to fatigue and “hypersomnia,” or being tiredall the time, Bloom added.Another big problem, he noted, is depression and anxiety. “Those are very commonly associated with sleep problems.”Despite the prevalence (流行) of sleep difficulties in older adults, many patients aren’t getting the help they need. As a result, problems like insomnia (失眠), restlessleg syndrome and sleep apnea are underdiagnosed and undertreated, Bloom said.1. Sleep problems can seriously affect one’s quality of life.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned2. It is true that older people need less sleep than younger people.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned3. Younger people in America seldom complain of sleep disorders.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned4. The number of older Americans with sleep problems is not small.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned5“Sleep fragmentation” refers to a marked lack of “REM” sleep.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned6. The causes of sleep problems in older people remain unidentified.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned7. Actions will soon be taken in America to better help people with sleep problems.A. RightB.WrongC. Notmentioned。
3月21日冲刺阶段第五次补课答疑讲义--职称英语卫生类
冲刺阶段第五次补课答疑第一阶段：补课阶段：45分钟一、补全短文题型介绍补全短文题是职称英语考试中倒数第二部分，也就是试卷的第五部分，题号为第46-50题。
1. 补全短文的命题形式1) 一篇长度为300-450词左右，难度适中的文章；2) 短文中留出5个空格句，每个空格句为一题；3) 每题对应ABCDEF六个备选句，6个备选句中有5个句子出自短文，将其还原，每空格对应一句；4) 每题2分，5题共计10分。
2. 补全短文的命题特点1）试题出自教材外2）有一个干扰项，有“连带关系”选错了一个至少错两个甚至更多，所以填错一个选项，就意味着至少没有了4分3）偏重答题技巧的考察二、补全短文的主要考点及备考方法1. 补全短文的主要考点这类题是要考查阅读能力、基础知识（语法、词汇等）和综合逻辑思维推理能力，往小点看，该题实际上是段落填充题。
试题中主要考察以下三方面：1) 上下文之间的意思连贯；2）上下文之间的衔接关联；3）上下文之间的逻辑关系。
2. 补全短文的备考方法1）阅读能力的培养2）上下文关联的判断力3）注重答题技巧的训练3.补全短文备考的要点1）以大化小，确定信息点。
要把短文化为段落，段落化为句子、句子化为单词来做，这样就简单得多了。
2) 确定句子内在联系。
通过代词、连接词、中心句等方式找出句子与句子之间的内在联系。
3）答题次序先易后难。
优先确定最有把握的答案，通过逻辑推理及排除法依次确定其他答案。
三．补全短文的解题步骤1.分析文章标题及选项先要了解文章大标题，知道文章讲的是哪方面的内容，留意标题中的信息点。
再分析A-F每个选项的关键信息，比如：名词、指代词、连接词和其他特殊的词组或结构，了解句子的大概意思。
标题及选项中的信息点最好用笔标示。
2.分析空格前后内容分析每个横线处的前一句话或者后一句话（最多不超过三句话，一般在横线附近的句子里），了解某一个填充处前后段或前后句子的逻辑关系和大概内容意思。
类似找中心句子与中心词的方法。
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职称英语（卫生类）辅导讲义（五）词汇学习5一、语法：补全短文也是让考生觉得比较难的一部分试题。
除了考查把握文章结构、理解作者思路的能力、分析判断和阅读理解能力之外，还同时对基础知识的句法和词汇进行考查。
所以，我们要把握文章结构，理清逻辑关系、搞懂文章的脉络，熟练运用衔接手段补全短文。
补全短文分为三种类型：1.在句首：考查对主旨大意的掌握程度。
2.在句中：考查对上下文关系的理解力。
3.在句尾：考查对文章大意的概括能力。
二、解题思路：掌握大意--找关键词--定位答案--衔接句意三、实际操练：词汇学习5 (32)阅读判断第四篇Easy Learning (61)阅读判断第五篇Dangers Await Babies withAltitude (63)+ 概括大意与完成句子第十四篇A Baby'sGrowth (112)请看教材第33页词汇五1.All living organisms, regardless of （不论，不顾）their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.a. as a result ofb. consideringc. on purposed. whatever2.The most pressing （紧迫的，有压力的）problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.a. puzzlingb. difficultc. terrifyingd. urgent3.The Klondike was the scene（事件发生的地点）of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.a. locationb. viewc. event4.Of the reptile groups, the snake group was the final （最后的）one to appear.a. lastb. bestc. ugliestd. longest5.Colleges and universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements satisfactorily.（令人满意地，可以接受地）a. responsiblyb. acceptablyc. patientlyd. respectfully6.A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased are realized.（实现，完成）a. fulfilledb. affiliatedc. advocatedd. received7.She has been the subject of massive （大规模的，大量的）media coverage.b. negativec. responsived. explosive8.The conference explored （调查，勘探）the possibility of closer trade links.a.rejectedb. investigatedc. proposedd. postponed+9. Experts generally agree that diet has an important bearing on（相关，有影响）one's health.a. resultb. factorc. caused. influence+10. I expect that she will be able to cater for （满足需要）your particular needs.a. meetb. reachc. provided. fill+11. John is collaborating with（合作，勾结）Mary in writing a book.a. cooperatingb mergingc. combiningd. associating+12. Mary lost control of her car and collided with （碰撞）a tree.a. came acrossb. ran intoc. metd. knocked+ 13. Mary was compelled （迫使）to take in washing to help support her family.a. pleadedb. appealedc. forcedd. instructed+14. The child couldn't comprehend （理解）the advanced textbook.a. interpretb. readc. understandd. translate+15. I warned him to keep the matter confidential.（机密的，秘密的）a. privateb. safec. personald. secret家庭作业：马上再看一遍，及时掌握、巩固所学词汇并理解句意。
1.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.a. as a result ofb. consideringc. on purposed. whatever2.The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.a. puzzlingb. difficultc. terrifyingd. urgent3.The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.a. locationb. viewc. eventd. landscape4.Of the reptile groups, the snake group was the final one to appear.a. lastb. bestc. ugliestd. longest5.Colleges and universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements satisfactorily.a. responsiblyb. acceptablyc. patientlyd. respectfully6.A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased are realized.a. fulfilledb. affiliatedc. advocatedd. received7.She has been the subject of massive media coverage.a. extensiveb. negativec. responsived. explosive8.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.a.rejectedb. investigatedc. proposedd. postponed+9. Experts generally agree that diet has an important bearing on one's health.a. resultb. factorc. caused. influence+10. I expect that she will be able to cater for yourparticular needs.a. meetb. reachc. provided. fill+11. John is collaborating with Mary in writing a book.a. cooperatingb mergingc. combiningd. associating+12. Mary lost control of her car and collided with a tree.a. came acrossb. ran intoc. metd. knocked+ 13. Mary was compelled to take in washing to help support her family.a. pleadedb. appealedc. forcedd. instructed+14. The child couldn't comprehend the advanced textbook.a. interpretb. readc. understandd. translate+15. I warned him to keep the matter confidential.a. privateb. safec. personald. secret【备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。
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