自动化专业英语第三版
自动化专业英语第三版课程设计

自动化专业英语第三版课程设计一、课程介绍自动化专业英语是用于培养自动化工程技术人员英语语言技能的专业英语教材。
本课程加强与工程实践的链接,旨在提高学生在从事自动化工程以及国际交流中的英语交流能力,以及跨学科的能力和跨文化的意识。
二、课程目标1.掌握英语专业语言,能够在自动化工程实践中进行专业交流;2.学习跨文化交流技巧,能够适应国际化工作环境;3.培养自主学习能力,能够应对本专业以及国际领域的新知识和新技术。
三、教学内容1.自动化专业英语语言知识的学习,包括英语语法、词汇、语音、听力、口语和阅读;2.自动化技术的专业知识,包括控制原理、自动控制技术、自动化测试技术等;3.跨文化交际技能,包括英语交际技能、跨文化沟通技能、国际商务礼仪等。
四、教学方法1.采用任务型教学方法,将学生置于具有实际意义和应用价值的交际情境中,在任务中体验与学习;2.采用多媒体教学手段,帮助学生提高听力、阅读、写作和口语能力;3.采用小组合作学习,提高学生自学、协作和交流能力。
五、课程评估1.平时成绩:包括英语学习情况、任务完成情况、小组合作学习情况等,占60%;2.期末考试:考察学生英语语言知识和自动化专业知识,占40%;3.开展英语技能竞赛:鼓励学生积极参与各类英语技能比赛,提高语言水平。
六、参考教材1.《自动化专业英语》第三版朱洁莉等编西安石油大学出版社;2.《自动化控制原理》第四版邵幸民等编机械工业出版社;3.《自动化测试技术》第二版高世红编冶金工业出版社。
七、教学进度安排章节教学内容教学时间第一章英语语言知识2周章节教学内容教学时间第二章自动化技术简介1周第三章控制原理2周第四章自动控制技术2周第五章自动化测试技术2周第六章跨文化交流技能2周第七章国际商务礼仪1周第八章综合实验3周八、总结本课程旨在提高自动化专业学生的英语语言能力和自主学习能力,将学生引入到实际的工程项目中,培养学生的跨学科、跨文化、应变能力。
我们相信,通过学习和实践,学生将获得宝贵的知识和技能,为未来的职业生涯打下坚实的基础。
自动化专业英语第三版

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2. Basic Terms
• Thus, the average rate of flow is used in flow calculations.
• 因Th此e,un在its流o量f v计el算oc时ity采ar用e n流o体rm的all平y f均ee速t p率er.
这一单元将使用以前单元的术语和定义,同 时也会引入一些新的关于流体和流速测量的 定义.
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速度是对2一.个B物a体s速ic率和T方e向rm的测s量.
• Velocity (速度) is a measure of speed and direction of an object.
• When related to fluids it is the rate of flow of
second (fps), feet per minute (fpm), meters per second (mps), and so on. •速P度re的v单iou位s通ly,常th为e英p尺re每ss秒ur(efpss)a,ss英oc尺ia每te分d 钟with (fpflmu)id,米flo每w秒w(merpes),de等fin等ed. as static, impact (冲击,作用), or dynamic.
以前(章节中),与流体流量相关的压力定义为静 压,全压,或动压.
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2. Basic Terms
• Laminar flow (层流) of a liquid occurs when its average velocity is comparatively low and the fluid particles tend to move smoothly in layers, as shown in Figure 2.3.1(a). The velocity of the particles across the liquid takes a parabolic (抛 物线) shape.
自动化专业英语第三版

UNIT 1ElectricalNetworksA电路An electrical circuit or network is posed ofelements such as resistors, inductors, and capacitors connected togetherin some manner、If th e network contains noenergysources,such as batteries or electrical g enerators, it is known as a passive network、On the other hand, if one or more energy sources are present, the resultant bination is an activenetwork、In st udying the behavior of an electrical network, we areinterested in determining the voltages and currents that exist within the circuit、Since a network is posed of passivecircuit elements,we must first define the electrical characteristics of these elements、电路或电网络由以某种方式连接得电阻器、电感器与电容器等元件组成。
如果网络不包含能源,如电池或发电机,那么就被称作无源网络。
换句话说,如果存在一个或多个能源,那么组合得结果为有源网络.在研究电网络得特性时,我们感兴趣得就是确定电路中得电压与电流。
因为网络由无源电路元件组成,所以必须首先定义这些元件得电特性、In the case ofa resistor, the voltage-currentrelationship is given by Ohm's l aw, which states that the voltage across the resistor is equalto the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance、Mathematically,this is expressed as就电阻来说,电压—电流得关系由欧姆定律给出,欧姆定律指出:电阻两端得电压等于电阻上流过得电流乘以电阻值。
自动化专业英语原文和翻译

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Manufacturing Industry: An OverviewIntroduction:Automation plays a crucial role in the manufacturing industry, revolutionizing production processes and enhancing efficiency. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the concept of automation in the manufacturing sector, highlighting its benefits, challenges, and future prospects. It also includes a translation of the text into English.Section 1: Definition and Importance of AutomationAutomation refers to the use of technology and machinery to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. In the manufacturing industry, automation is essential for streamlining operations, reducing costs, and improving product quality. It allows companies to achieve higher production rates, increased precision, and improved safety standards.Section 2: Benefits of Automation in Manufacturing2.1 Increased ProductivityAutomation enables manufacturers to produce goods at a faster rate, leading to increased productivity. With the use of advanced robotics and machinery, repetitive tasks can be performed efficiently, allowing workers to focus on more complex and creative aspects of production.2.2 Enhanced Quality ControlAutomated systems ensure consistency and accuracy in manufacturing processes, leading to improved product quality. By minimizing human error, automation reduces defects and variations, resulting in higher customer satisfaction and reduced waste.2.3 Cost ReductionAutomation helps in reducing labor costs by replacing manual work with machines and robots. Although initial investment costs may be high, long-term savings are significant due to increased efficiency and reduced dependence on human labor.2.4 Improved Workplace SafetyAutomation eliminates the need for workers to perform hazardous or physically demanding tasks. Robots and machines can handle tasks that pose risks to human health and safety, thereby reducing workplace accidents and injuries.2.5 Increased FlexibilityAutomated systems can be easily reprogrammed to adapt to changing production requirements. This flexibility allows manufacturers to respond quickly to market demands, introduce new products, and customize production processes.Section 3: Challenges in Implementing Automation3.1 Initial InvestmentImplementing automation requires substantial capital investment for purchasing and integrating machinery, software, and training. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may face financial constraints in adopting automation technologies.3.2 Workforce AdaptationAutomation may lead to job displacement, as certain tasks previously performed by humans are now handled by machines. Companies need to provide training and re-skilling opportunities to ensure a smooth transition for their workforce.3.3 Technical ComplexityAutomation systems often involve complex integration of various technologies, such as robotics, artificial intelligence, and data analytics. Companies must have skilled personnel capable of managing and maintaining these systems effectively.Section 4: Future Trends in Automation4.1 Collaborative RobotsCollaborative robots, also known as cobots, are designed to work alongside humans, assisting them in tasks that require precision and strength. These robots can improve productivity and safety by working in close proximity to humans without the need for extensive safety measures.4.2 Internet of Things (IoT) IntegrationThe integration of automation systems with the Internet of Things allows for real-time monitoring and control of manufacturing processes. IoT enables seamless communication between machines, sensors, and data analytics platforms, leading to predictive maintenance and optimized production.4.3 Artificial Intelligence (AI)AI technologies, such as machine learning and computer vision, enable automation systems to learn and adapt to new situations. AI-powered robots can analyze data, make decisions, and perform complex tasks with minimal human intervention, revolutionizing the manufacturing industry.Conclusion:Automation has become an integral part of the manufacturing industry, offering numerous benefits such as increased productivity, enhanced quality control, cost reduction, improved workplace safety, and increased flexibility. While challenges exist, such as initial investment and workforce adaptation, the future of automation looks promising with the emergence of collaborative robots, IoT integration, and artificial intelligence. Embracing automation technologies will undoubtedly pave the way for a more efficient and competitive manufacturing sector.Translation:自动化在制造业中的应用:概述简介:自动化在制造业中扮演着重要的角色,革新了生产过程,提高了效率。
自动化专业英语原文和翻译

自动化专业英语原文和翻译引言概述:自动化专业是现代工程技术领域中的重要学科,涵盖了自动控制系统、机器人技术、工业自动化等多个方面。
在学习和实践中,掌握和理解自动化专业的英文术语和翻译是非常重要的。
本文将从五个大点出发,详细阐述自动化专业英语原文和翻译的相关内容。
正文内容:1. 自动控制系统(Automatic Control System)1.1 控制器(Controller)1.2 传感器(Sensor)1.3 执行器(Actuator)1.4 反馈(Feedback)1.5 稳定性(Stability)2. 机器人技术(Robotics)2.1 机器人(Robot)2.2 机械臂(Manipulator)2.3 传感器(Sensor)2.4 视觉系统(Vision System)2.5 自主导航(Autonomous Navigation)3. 工业自动化(Industrial Automation)3.1 自动化生产线(Automated Production Line)3.2 人机界面(Human-Machine Interface)3.3 传感器网络(Sensor Network)3.4 电气控制(Electrical Control)3.5 数据采集(Data Acquisition)4. 自动化软件(Automation Software)4.1 PLC编程(PLC Programming)4.2 HMI设计(HMI Design)4.3 数据分析(Data Analysis)4.4 模拟仿真(Simulation)4.5 系统集成(System Integration)5. 自动化工程(Automation Engineering)5.1 项目管理(Project Management)5.2 自动化设计(Automation Design)5.3 系统调试(System Debugging)5.4 故障诊断(Fault Diagnosis)5.5 性能优化(Performance Optimization)总结:综上所述,自动化专业英语原文和翻译是自动化工程师必备的技能之一。
自动化专业英语(王树青)第三版课后答案 PPT课件

fundamental 基础的
• Evaluating 评价
benifit 利润,益处
• Distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔
• Overhead 在头上的, 高架的 process dynamic 过程动态
• Manipulatable input 可操作输入
• observable output 可观测输出
自动化专业英语
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1.2 What is feedback and what are its effects?
• 2. Put the following into chinese
• Stability 稳定性
sensitivity 灵敏度
• Actuator 执行器 sensor 传感器 Transducer 传感器
自动化专业英语
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1.4 The design process of control system
• 2. Put the following into chinese
• Design 设计 decision 论 productivity 生产率,生产力
• Investment 投资
自动化专业英语
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2.3 Flow measurements
• 2. Put the following into English
• 雷诺数 Reynolds number 流型 flow patterns • 伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation 流速 flow rate • 湍流 turbulent flow 黏度 viscosity • 能量守恒 energy conservatism 摩擦力 friction • 参考点 refrence point 重力加速度 acc of gravity • 连续性方程 continuity equation
自动化专业英语unit3

原句中没有行为主体,可适当添加, 原句中没有行为主体,可适当添加,如“人 有人” 我们” 们”、“有人”、“我们”等 。 A few years ago it was thought unbelievable that the computer could have so high speed as well so small volume. 几年前,人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行 几年前,人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行 速度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。 速度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。 不需要或无法讲出动作发出者,译成无主句。 不需要或无法讲出动作发出者,译成无主句。 What kind of device is needed to make the control system simple? 需要什么装置使控制系统简化? 需要什么装置使控制系统简化?
我要指出一点,这种模型的寻找、 我要指出一点,这种模型的寻找、行为特征及行为 特征与他们试图表示的实际环境间的关系的研究, 特征与他们试图表示的实际环境间的关系的研究, 以及为获得可靠的预测连同接下来采取行动而进行 的重要的修正, 的重要的修正,如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究 人员的帮助是不可能的, 人员的帮助是不可能的,这些技术人员已经成功地 把科学创意转化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 把科学创意转化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 我要指出一点,模型的建立、 我要指出一点,模型的建立、对行为特征及其所表 示的实际情形之间关系的研究, 示的实际情形之间关系的研究,以及一些重要的修 其目的是为了获得可靠预测以及制定决策, 正,其目的是为了获得可靠预测以及制定决策,这 一切如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究人员提供帮 一切如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究人员提供帮 助是不可能的, 助是不可能的,这些技术人员把科学创意成功地转 化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。
自动化专业英语第三版王树青第一章翻译

自动化专业英语第三版1.1 介绍过程控制1.近年来,对过程系统的性能改善需求变得越来越困难. 更为激烈的竞争,更加严格的环境和安全规范,以及快速变化的经济条件都是加强工厂产品质量规范的关键因素2.更为复杂的情况是,由于现代制造业朝着规模更大,集成度更高的方向发展,而使不同的加工环节之间的协调能力更低, 所以加工过程更难控制.在这种工厂中,要想让一个生产环节出现的问题不对其相连的另一个生产环节产生影响,几乎是不可能的.3.近年来,考虑到工业制造逐渐加强的安全、高效需求,过程控制这个课题变得越来越受重视.实际上,对于大多数现代工业,要满足安全、高效,产品质量的要求,没有控制系统是不可能的.1.1.1说明性的例子1.图1.1.1 所示的连续加热搅拌器可以作为过程控制的典型例子.输入液态流体的质量流量率为w,温度为Ti. 槽内成分搅拌均匀,并且用电加热器,功率为Q瓦特.2.假设输入和输出流量率是相等的,并且液体密度保持恒定,也就是说温度变化足够小,密度对温度的影响可以忽略不计. 在这些条件下,槽内液体的体积保持恒定3.加热搅拌器的控制目标是保持输出温度T在一个恒定参考值TR上.参考值在控制术语中指的是给定值. 下面我们考虑两个问题.把加热搅拌器内的液体从输入温度Ti加热到输出温度TR,需要多少热量?1.要确定达到设计运行条件下的热量需求,我们需要写下槽内液体的稳定能量平衡式.在写平衡式之前,假设槽内是完美搅拌的,同时忽略热损耗.2.在这些条件下,槽内成分的温度保持一致,因此,输出温度等于槽内液体温度..3.Ti, T, w, 和QC 是液体的比热. 我们假设C是恒定的. 在设计条件下,. 将其代入方程(1),1.方程(2)是加热器的设计方程.如果我们的假设是正确的,同时输入流量和输入温度等于他们的标定值,那么有方程(2)给出的输入热量将使输出温度保持在期望值TR.但是,如果给定条件变化,会产生什么样的结果呢?这给我们带来第二个问题:2.问题2. 假设输入温度Ti随时间变化. 我们如何确保温度T保持或靠近给定值TR?最为一个特殊的例子,假设Ti增加到一个大于的值. 如果Q保持在标定值上恒定,我们可以得到输出温度将增加,因此T>TR.为应付这种情况,有一些可能的策略控制出口温度T方法1。
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在流体中心,流体颗粒具有最大的速度.
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2. Basic Terms
• Thus, the average rate of flow is used in flow calculations. • 因此,在流量计算时采用流体的平均速率 The units of velocity are normally feet per. second (fps), feet per minute (fpm), meters per second (mps), and so on. 速度的单位通常为英尺每秒 (fps) ,英尺每分钟 • Previously, the pressures associated with (fpm) ,米每秒 (mps),等等 . as static, impact fluid flow were defined (冲击,作用), or dynamic. 以前(章节中),与流体流量相关的压力定义为静 压,全压,或动压.
Viscosity (dynamic viscosity, or absolute viscosity) can be measured in poise (泊) or centipoise (厘泊), whereas kinematic viscosity (运动粘度)(without force) is measured in stokes (沱) or centistokes (厘沱). 动态粘度(或叫绝对粘度)的计量单位是泊或厘泊, 而运动粘度(没有力的单位,即没有牛顿单位)的计 量单位是沱或厘沱 Dynamic or absolute viscosity is used in the Reynolds (雷诺) and flow equations. 动态粘度或绝对粘度用于雷诺数的推导和流体方程 中.
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Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear 粘度描述的是流体流动时内部的阻力,并且可认为是 液体摩擦力的一种测量。 stress (剪应力) or tensile stress (张应力). Viscosity describes a fluid‘s internal 粘度是流体的阻力测量,它是由于剪应力或张应力而形 成的。 resistance to flow and may be thought of as a 对流体问题的研究被认为是流变学,其中包括粘度及其 measure of fluid friction (摩擦力). 相关概念。 The study of flowing matter is known as rheology (流变学), which includes viscosity 动力粘度,也称为绝对粘度,是最常用的概念(典型的 and related concepts. 单位:帕斯卡 .秒,泊,厘泊) Dynamic viscosity, also absolute (viscosity, the 运动粘度是动力粘度与液体密度之比 典型的单位:平方 more usual one (typical units Pa.s, Poise, cP); 米每秒,沱,厘沱 ) Kinematic viscosity is the dynamic viscosity divided by the density 12
The Reynolds number R is a derived (派生) relationship combining the density and viscosity Of a liquid with its velocity of flow and the crosssectional dimensions (大小,尺寸) of the flow and takes the form
许多液体和气体的成本都是基于管道中测量的流量 ,出于核算的目的,必须精确的测量与控制流体的 速度(流速,流量).
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2. Basic Terms
• This unit will be using terms and definitions from previous units as well as introducing a number of new definitions related to flow and flow rate sensing.
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1. Introduction
• This unit discusses the basic terms and fomulas used in flow measurements and instrumentation (仪器仪表).
这一单元讨论流量测量和仪器仪表所使用的基本术 流体流量的测量在工业应用中是非常重要的 . 某些 语与公式. 设备和操作的最佳性能需要精确的流速 • The measurement of fluid flow is very important in industrial applications. Optimum performance of some equipement (设备) and operations (操作) require specific flow rates.
当与流体相关时,指的是管道中流体粒子的 流量速度. 流体流动中,粒子的速率各不相 同,比如,当流体与约束壁(边界层)接触时 5 ,流体粒子的速度实质上为零;
2. Basic Terms
• in the center of the flow the liquid particles will have the maximum velocity.
the liquid. 2000到5000之间,该流型处于中间区域,可以 雷诺数介于 If the Reynolds number for the flow in a pipe is equal to 是层流,湍流或两者的混合,取决于其它因素 . 如果雷诺 数大于 . or less 5000 than,那么该流体是湍流型式 2000 the flow will be laminar.
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பைடு நூலகம்
Flow patterns (流型,流动型式 ) can be considered to be 1880年, Osborne Reynolds观察到流态可以根据液体的 物理特性预测得到 laminar, turbulent,.or a combination of both. Osborne Reynolds observed in 1880 that the flow 流型(流动型式)可以是层流,湍流,或两者的结合. pattern could be predicted from physical properties of
这一单元将使用以前单元的术语和定义,同 时也会引入一些新的关于流体和流速测量的 定义.
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速度是对一个物体速率和方向的测量 2. Basic Terms .
• Velocity ( 速度 ) is a measure of speed and direction of an object. • When related to fluids it is the rate of flow of fluid particles in a pipe. The speed of particles in a fluid flow varies across the flow, i.e., where the fluid is in contact with the constraining (约束) walls (the boundary layer) the velocity of the liquid particles is virtually zero;
层流发生在液体流速相对较低时,流体粒子在各层中倾 向于平滑移动,如图2.3.1(a)所示. 液体中的粒子速度呈 抛物线分布.
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2. Basic Terms
• Turbulent flow (湍流) occurs when the flow velocity is high and the particles no longer flow smoothly in layers and turbulence (紊乱) or a rolling (旋转,滚动) effect occurs. This is shown in Figure 2.3.1(b). Note also the flattening ( 平 均 化 , 扁 率 ) of the velocity profile (外形,轮廓). 湍流发生在液速较高,在各层中,粒子不再是平滑移动, 而会发生紊乱或旋转动作. 如图2.3.1(a)所示. 同时也要注 意速度分布的扁率.
R=VDρ/μ
Where
V=average fluid velocity D=diameter of the pipe ρ=density of the liquid μ=absolute viscosity
雷诺数R是一种派生关系,它结合了液体的密度和粘度 ,流体速率和横截面积的大小,并具有如下形式
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粘度是描述气体或液体对运动或流动的阻力的一种 2. Basic Terms 特性.
• Viscosity (粘度,粘性) is a property of a gas or liquid that is a measure of its 粘性的液体比如糖浆,其粘度要远大于水,而水的 resistance to 粘度又高于空气 . motion or flow. • A viscous (粘性的) liquid such as syrup (糖 浆) has a much higher viscosity than water and water has a higher viscosity than air. • Syrup, because of its high viscosity, flow very slowly and it is very hard to move an object through it. 由于糖浆的高粘度,它的流动非常缓慢,并很难使 一个物体在其中移动. 10