过去分词作定语和状语解析
过去分词(短语)作状语和定语
栏目导引
(2010·四川卷)A great number of students________said they
were forced to practise the piano.
A．to question
B．to be questioned
C．questioned
D．questioning
解析： 句意为：许多被调查的学生说，他们是被迫练习
答案： B
工具
Unit 3 Life in the future
栏目导引
5．________more attention，the trees could have grown
better.
A．Given
B．To give
C．Giving
D．Having given
解析： 考查过去分词短语作条件状语。句子主语the trees 与give之间是被动关系，故答案选A。过去分词短语Given more attention放于句首，作条件状语。
students.) 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。
工具
Unit 3 Life in the future
栏目导引
名师指津： 1．过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即 表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系， 即表主动。 Asked why he was late，he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。 Looking out of the window，I saw some students playing there. 我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生在那边玩耍。
分类
用法
举例
时间 状语
相当于时间状语 从句；可在过去 分词前加上连词 “when， while，until” 等，使其时间意 义更明确
过去分词作定语和状语解析
8. ______ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding （福建2009） B. Reminded
C. To remind
deliver our letters unless we chained
our dog. A. Being bitten C. Having bitten （北京2009） B. Bitten D. To be bitten
4. Michael’s new house is like a huge
1. ______ from the top of the tower, the
south foot of the mountain is a sea of
trees. A. Seen C. Having seen （陕西2010） B. Seeing D. To see
2. The experiment shows that proper
A 2）Mr．Smith，____ of the ____ speech，
started to read a novel．（北京春'03） A．tired；boring B．tiring；bored C．tired；bored D． tiring；boring 点拨：be tired of的意思是“厌倦……”，过去 分词短语在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语是 句子的主语Mr．Smith；现在分词boring的 意思是“令人厌烦的”，修饰speech。
palace, ______ with his old one.
（重庆2009）
A. comparing
语法-过去分词作状语和定语介绍
It was snowing and very cold outside. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches. She didn’t wear any shoes because she had her shoeห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ lost. She looked very worried because there were lots of matches left. She wished all her matches sold but nobody bought a single one. She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs huddled（蜷缩）up.
Our future schoolbag
2. Because She is surprised at the schoolbag, she turns her head back to find out what happens.
Surprised at the schoolbag ,she turns her head back to find out what happens.
1. 时间状语（time） 可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等来强调时间概念。 When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Seen from the hill，the park… Don’t speak until you are spoken to. Don’t speak until spoken to.
过去分词小结
他对收集邮票感兴趣。
(三)作宾语补足语
过去分词可以在see，hear，notice，watch，have，feel等动词后作宾语补足语，强调分词与宾语之间为被动关系。例如：
I often hear the song sung in English．
(二)作表语
1．过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态。
例如：
The door remained locked．门仍然锁着。
2．过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，最常见的有：delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，amused，interested，satisfied等。例如：
There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago．
自从我两年前离开这个镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。
(2)有时为了强调还可将单一的分词放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：
They decided to change the material used．他们决定改变所用的材料。
＝Once it is published，the dictionary will be very popular．
一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。
拓展
有时为了强调时间概念，过去分词之前可用表示时间的连词，如when，while等。例如：
When completed，this railway will link many industrial cities to a seaport．
我常听人用英语唱这首歌。
过去分词做状语和定语时的区别
过去分词做状语和定语时的区别一、过去分词(短语)做状语1、与句子主语的关系当过去分词(短语)做状语时，要与句子的主语有关系，而且一般是被动关系。
在读下面所有的例句时，请注意过去分词短语与句子主语的关系。
先分析例句：Frightened by Santa Claus …words，Scrooge woke up.句子的主语是Scrooge，状语部分为Frightened by Santa Claus‟words，可以看出Scrooge是“被”Santa Claus的话“惊吓”(Frightened)。
2、在句子中的位置过去分词做状语，修饰的是句子中的位于，多放在句首，也可以放在后面，后者插在句子的中间。
Seen from the hill，the city looks magnificent.从山上看这座城市非常壮观。
They came in，followed by their wives.他们进来了，妻子们跟随在后。
Tom，horrified at what he had done，could at first say nothing.Tom对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。
3、所表示的状语种类过去分词做状语可以表示伴随情况(即主句的谓语动作与状语同时发生)、表示原因、表示条件、也可以表示时间。
He entered，accompanied by his secretary.(伴随情况)他由秘书陪着走了进来。
Moved by his speech，many people volunteered to help in the work.(原因)由于受他讲话的感动，许多人自愿参加这项活动。
Taken in time，the medicine will be quite effective.(条件)如果及时服用，这种药是相当有效的。
Heated，water changes into steam.(时间)当被加热的时候，水可以变成蒸汽。
过去分词做定语和状语
2 做状语
过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一 个状语从句。 1. United, we stand; divided, we fall. 如果团结起来，我们就能成功，如 果分裂，我们就会失败。 → 相当于If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.
这本书的销售量仍很好。
→ 相当于Although the book has been
published…
过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表 动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：
1. 时间状语,
可在过去分词前加上连词 when, while, until等.
1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
Seen from the hill
2. Don’t speak until you are spoken to.
until spoken to
2.原因状语 1. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.
2. Moved by the story, he decided to study harder. 由于被这个故事感动，他决定更加努 力学习。 → 相当于Because he was moved…
3. Having been shown around the library, we came to the classroom building. 我们参观了图书馆后，我们来到了 教学楼前。
过去分词作状语
一、过去分词
过去分词有两大特点：一是表被动的概念；二是表动作已完成。
过去分词在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。
二、过去分词作状语的用法
1.过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成“被动关系”。
过去分词短语作条件、原因、以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时通常放在句末。
作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时放在句首。
作让步状语通常放在句首，有时放在句末。
2. 过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，或表示一种状态。
与谓语动作同时发生或存在。
过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语：
1
2。
现在分词作状语,过去分词作状语,表语,宾补,定语
V-ing （现在分词）作状语v-ed/done(过去分词)作状语，表语，定语，宾补一．现在分词的形式形式主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doing beingdone not doing/beingdone完成式havingdone having been done not having(been)done二．现在分词作状语辨析：动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别。
辨析：（1）动词的-ing 形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的结果。
（2）动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only 连用，构成“only to do sth.”三．连词+动词的-ing 形式作状语，省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ，表示主动或者正在句子功能例句1.作时间状语，相当于when,while,as,after 等引导的时间状语从句Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.2.作原因状语，相当于as,because,since 等引导的原因状语从句Having eaten too much ,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because he had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.3.作条件状语，相当于if,once,unless 等引导的条件状语从句Using your head,you 'll find a good way.=If you use your head,you'll find a good way.4.作方式或伴随状语，相当于and 连接的并列谓语动词。
Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.=Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5.作结果状语，可扩展为有并列谓语的句子。