入学考试英语样题(精简版)

Do you ever feel angry about someone who stands too close, talks too loudly or makes eye contact for too long? Why do we feel uncomfortable with those “close talkers”? Or with strangers who stand very near to us in a line?

Scholars began to study personal space decades ago. They found that humans tend to avoid eye contact if they feel someone is standing too close. They put a distance between themselves and strangers.

According to scientists, personal space involves not only an imaginary space around the body, but around all the senses. People may feel their space is being violated when they encounter an unwelcome sound, scent or stare: the woman on the bus shouting into her mobile phone or the co-worker sitting next to you putting on some perfume y ou don?t like.

Whether people in recent times have become more protective of their personal space is hard to say. Yet studies of airlines show passengers? strong desire to have some space to themselves.

In a recent survey from Trip Advisor, travelers said if they had to pay for certain benefits, they would rather have larger seats and more legroom than extra food.

Scholars know that commuters hold newspapers in front of them to read, but also to shield themselves from strangers. They know that college students unconsciously sit at positions where they can avoid direct eye contact.

“If you videotape people at a library table, it?s very clear what seat people will take,” said Professor Dane Archer. One of the corner seats will go first, followed by the chair diagonally (斜对角) opposite because that is farthest away.

“If you break those rules, it?s fascinating,” Archer added. “People will pile up books as if to make a wall.”

21. When someone stands too close to you on the bus, you may feel_______.

A) unsafe B) uneasy C) alert D) curious

22. What is the author?s attitude towards those “close talkers” on the bus?

A) Hostile. B) Friendly. C) Critical. D) Indifferent.

23. What would air passengers like to have in return if they had to pay for certain benefits?

A) More gifts and souvenirs.

B) More comfortable rest rooms.

C) More choices of foods and drinks.

D) More personal spaces on the plane.

24. If someone makes eye contact too long in the reading room, you will pile up books in front of you so as_________.

A) to hide your awkwardness

B) to show indifference to the stare

C) to protect your personal space

D) to give the stare an angry look

25. In this passage the author tries to tell us that we should________.

A) behave properly in public places

B) respect people?s personal space

C) keep a distance from strangers

D) choose a good seat for ourselves

Nowadays nearly everyone has suffered from a bad attack of forgetfulness when a password is needed.

The company computer. The home computer. Banking and ATM machines. Websites. Car and home security systems. The list goes on. It does not take long to accumulate a dozen or more passwords.

Scribbling them down on slips of paper or simply using the same password for any thing and everything is how most people cope with the overload. The negative aspect of this is that either way makes it easier for hackers to invade computer privacy.

Researchers are now trying to do something about this by moving forward what may be an answer to the password puzzle—pictures.

Many companies are looking into various ways that images can be used to replace the standard, easily-forgotten string of letters and numbers. Pictures are much easier to remember. Researchers are also working on picture passwords that will make it more difficult for the average hacker.

Take, for instance, the screens available through aNew Yorkcompany, Passlogix. One picture shows a standard bar scene. The password is created by making up a drink from the various items pictured. The order in which the items are selected becomes the password.

Researchers at theUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley, who have studied the habit of computer users say laziness plays a major role in most people?s choice of passwords. Nonetheless, forgetting passwords is a common problem of the computer era. It?s more of a problem than hacking, in fact, particularly for major corporations that must maintain help desks for their computer-using employees---often round the clock. How much does it cost a company each time an employee forgets a password?

No one knows, but people who are pushing the picture passwords contend they will save companies a lot of money because recalling images is so much easier.

26. The first three paragraphs center on_______.

A) why people are so forgetful in the computer era

B) what happens when so many passwords are needed

C) why hackers can so easily invade computer privacy

D) what people usually do when they choose their passwords

27. Using the same password for anything and everything may lead to_____.

A) the users? laziness

B) people?s forgetfulness

C) the theft of personal information

D) the loss of a large sum of money

28. When used as password, pictures have one big advantage over letters and numbers: ________.

A) they are more deeply stored in our memory

B) they are easy to be combined and ordered

C) they are closely linked with our daily life

D) they are colorful and can arouse our imagination

29. In this passage the phrase “round the clock” means_________.

A) in no time B) day and night

C) for a period of time D) as round as a clock

30. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?

A) Passwords, a Product of the Computer Era

B) Forgetfulness, a Big Headache for People

C) Hackers, the Invader of Computer Privacy

D) Pictures, a Solution to the Password Puzzle

Honesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often deserts us when nobody is watching, British psychologists reported last week.

Researchers atUK?sNewcastleUniversityset up an experiment in their psychology department?s coffee room.

They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the price for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of tea or coffee were supposed to put a few cents into a box nearby.

The scientists hung a poster above the money box and alternated each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers.

The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung.

“Frankly we were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.

Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual signal for humans, scient ists say.

“Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said the leader of the study.

Researchers believe the effect throws light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral traits that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to cooperate, rather than act selfishly.

“There?s an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfis hly. But when we are being watched we should behave better. So people see us as

co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” one scientist said.

The new finding indicates that people have striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to.

The finding can be put to practical use. For example, images of eyes could boost ticket sales on public transport and improve surveillance systems to prevent antisocial behavior.

31. The old s aying “Honesty is the best policy” may be interpreted as________.

A) “It?s better to be honest”

B) “Honesty is our best quality”

C) “Being honest pays off”

D) “The policy makes us honest”

32. The researchers make the experiment with the purpose of finding_____.

A) if pictures can affect people?s choice of their drinks

B) if pictures of eyes can make people more watchful

C) if people have different responses to the same picture

D) if people behave better when they feel they are being watched

33. In the week when pictures of gazing eyes are hung above the money box, ________.

A) people will line up to get their drinks

B) fewer people will come to buy their drinks

C) people will pay more for their drinks

D) some people will pay for their drinks

34. When we say “to throw light on something”, we mean________.

A) “to make it look brighter”

B) “to make it known to people”

C) “to draw people?s attention to it”

D) “to make it easier to understand”

35. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this article?

A) People may behave dishonestly when there?s no one around.

B) Photos of human eyes have a positive effect on people?s behavior

C) Humans have a stronger response to eyes than to flowers

D) The scientists? new finding may have many practical uses.

Recent attempts by the US government to write its documents in “plain English” show just how important it is to express ideas clearly in words.

US citizens and businesses have long complained that many of the government?s rules are written in overly technical, complicated language.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has particularly been the subject of much criticism and debate.

This agency makes and enforces rules to ensure employee health and safety on the job. The problem is, even after reading the rules several times, employees often don?t know what is expected of them.

Some politicians then began to speak out, saying the agency needed to make its regulations more “user-friendly.” One congressman complained employees needed “an interpreter to explain the OSHA regulations.” Others added while large corporations could

pay specialists to help them understand the rules, smaller businesses were left in an almost hopeless situation.

For them, said another congressman, the O SHA regulations “might as well be written in a foreign language.”

For decades, nothing was done. Employees were left reading detailed sentences such as:

“Every exit shall be clearly visible or the route to reach it shall be conspicuously indicated in such a manner that every occupant of every building or structure who is physically and mentally capable will readily know the direction of escape from any point, and each path of escape, in its entirety, shall be so arranged that the way to a place of safety outside is unmistakable.

Not long ago, the American government began a “plain language” program, requiring all government agencies to write their new regulations in understandable language. It also encouraged them to rewrite old rules. A website was created to help government employees write everything from regulations to letters in easier-to-understand English.

36. OSHA has been the subject of much criticism mainly because its rules _______.

A) are wrongly expressed

B) focus on details only

C) use many technical words

D) are beyond comprehension

37. The overly technical, complicated language of the government?s rules is

like_________.

A) a puzzle B) a congress document

C) a code D) a debate

38. The OSHA regulation in paragraph 7 might be simplified as_______.

A) “Every building or structure must have exits for its occupants”

B) “Each exit must be clearly indicated and easy to reach”

C) “Every occupant of a building must be told where the exits are”

D) “Each path of escape must lead to a place of safety outside”

39. Which of the following words best describes the quoted OSHA regulation?

A) vague B) loose C) wordy D) misleading

40. The main writing technique used in this passage is_________.

A) description B) persuasion C) reporting D)argumentation

41. When international students attend schools in the United States, they often experience emotional and physical _______ in the first few months.

A) guilt B) distress C) interest D) setback

42. You?ve _______ something it took me 40 years to realize—to follow your heart, not other people?s expectations.

A) come about B) made up C) figured out D) turned on

43. Firefighting experts agree that the first six minutes of a fire are the most important ________ saving lives and getting the fire under control.

A) due to B) in terms of C) in spite of D) regardless of

44. Most of the articles you read every day in newspapers and magazines _______ directly to important issues and ideas.

A) reflect B) reveal C) lead D) respond

45. With his photograph in every newspaper in the country, Mr. Lee has become well known, by ________ at least.

A) image B) sight C) view D) face

46. In the last few years, he has ______ projects with the United Nations to study environmental issues in developing countries.

A) worked on B) taken in C) made for D) set out

47. Upon hearing that piece of music, my angry ________ was gradually replaced by one of peace.

A) mind B) sense C) mood D) soul

48. Ted Turner, an ambitious and hardworking businessman, ________ high goals and great success by the time he was 43 years old.

A) received B) arrived C) finished D) achieved

49. After Michael ________ his father?s company, he discovered that he was more skilled than his father in managing the business.

A) set aside B) took to C) took over D) carried out

50. The students have been advised to _______ a healthy lifestyle---a balanced diet, plenty of sleep and a positive mental attitude.

A) live B) adopt C) form D) establish

51. Today there is widespread agreement among researchers that _______ of fathers from households causes serious problems for children.

A) absence B) departure C) failure D) decline

52. Studies show that the younger a child starts to smoke the greater are his ________ of dying early.

A) rates B) chances C) expectations D) fears

53. Incomes in these countries are very unequally ________ , with a few very rich and many very poor people.

A) distributed B) arranged C) dismissed D) conducted

54. Computers have opened up a lot of job opportunities for women that were n?t

________ before.

A) suitable B) capable C) reliable D) available

55. The boy decided to study dancing ________ the fact that he had lost his left arm in a car accident.

A) in view of B) in spite C) despite D) regarding

56. Most engaged couples carefully plan their wedding and regard it as an important

_________ in their lives.

A) situation B) scene C) occasion D) incident

57. A short nap (小睡) at the end of the day relaxes me; _________ , it gives me the energy to spend the evening on my homework.

A) in addition B) even so C) in contrast D) however

58. Don?t take what he said too ________; he is merely asking about the possibility of further investment in this part of the country.

A) earnestly B) seriously C) anxiously D) cautiously

59. I had trouble understanding the French, so I got the English _______ of the book from the library and read it.

A) vision B) interpretation C) edition D) version

60. Another thunderstorm slammed ________ the mountain as I limped up the path to the house.

A) down B) on C) against D) off

61. People have to know how to control money; ________ , it can control them.

A) therefore B) likewise C) furthermore D) otherwise

62. Before any passenger can get on an airplane at the airport, he must go through security checks to make sure he ________ anything dangerous.

A) isn?t carrying B) don?t carry

C) shouldn?t carry D) hasn?t carried

63. College students need to be taught more skills and information to enable them to meet the challenges ________ face everyone in daily life.

A) when B) where C) which D) what

64. The police officer?s warm brown eyes, relaxed manner and pleasant smil e made him easy ________ .

A) to talk B) talking to C) to talk to D) talking

65. There is now clear ev idence that women are much more likely to provide personal care for relatives ________.

A) than do men B) than are men

C) than men D) than men do

66. ________ , the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well.

A) To speak broadly B) Broadly speaking

C) Broadly spoken D) To be spoken broadly

67. ________ she had come to dislike Dr. Smith, she remained constantly at his side, helping him to care for the sick and wounded.

A) As B) Since C) Because D) Although

68. The small village by the foot of the mountain is peaceful and remote with _________ people liv ing around.

A) a little B) a few C) little D) few

69. I can lend you the car ________ you return it within three days.

A) considered B) permitted C) provided D) conditioned

70. Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose while ________ believe that dreaming is essential to emotional and physical well-being.

A) others B) other C) the other D) the others

71. Several weeks went by before Mary noticed that her clothes seemed loose, and she realized that she ________.

A) could have lost weight B) would have lost weight

C) must have lost weight D) should have lost weight

72. ________ the clock on the far wall, I nervously began my speech. I was afraid to look at any of the people in the room.

A) Being staring at B) Staring at

C) Having stared at D) To stare at

73. In the summertime, on bright warm days ________ the sun was high in the sky, John would help his wife weed and tend the vegetables.

A) where B) that C) which D) when

74. In the West people have their own plate of food, ________ in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares.

A) so B) as C) while D) when

75. If I ________ a little harder, a little longer and a little more creatively, our business _________ perfectly.

A) worked……would have run B) had worked……would have run

C) had worked……would run D) work……would run

76. Our principal insists that all students ________ every school rule regarding dress and smoking.

A) will follow B) should follow

C) must follow D) need follow

77. By the time students complete that course they know two computer languages and have no trouble ________ their own programs.

A) to write B) written C) write D) writing

78. In her vacation, Mary Spencer did absolutely nothing but ________ her days listening to her favorite music on CDs and reading novels.

A) spend B) spent C) to spend D) spending

79. Poverty is remembering. It is remembering ________ school in junior high because “nice” children ________ so cruel about my clothes and my smell.

A) quitting……have been B) to have quit……were

C) having quit……were D) quitting……had been

80. I woke in a pool of blood, lying on my stomach some distance ____________ I should have been.

A) from which B) from where

C) to which D) to where

Twenty years ago, kids in school had never even heard of the Internet. Now, I?ll (81) you can?t find a single person in your school who hasn?t at least heard of it. In fact, many of us use it on a (82) basis and even have access to it from our homes! The …net? in Internet really stands (83) network. A network is two or more computers connected together so that information can be (84) , or sent from one computer to another. The Internet is a vast (85) for all types of information. You may enjoy using it to do research for a school (86) , downloading your favorite songs or communicating with friends and family. Information is (87) through web pages that companies, organizations and individuals (88) and post. It?s kind of (89) a giant bulletin board that the whole world uses! But since anyone can put anything on the Internet, you also have to be (90) and use your best judgment and a little (91) sense.

Just because you read something on a piece of paper someone sticks on a bulletin board doesn?t (92) it?s good information, or even correct, f or that matter. So you have to be sure that (93) posted the information knows what they?re talking about, (94) if you?re doing research! But what if you?re just emailing people? You still have to be very careful. If you?ve never met the person that you?re communicating with online, you could be on dangerous (95)! You should never give out any (96) information to someone you don?t know, not even your name! And just like you can?t (97) the information on every website out there, you can?t rely on what (98) yo u …meet? on the Internet tell you (99). Just like you could make (100) things about yourself to tell someone, someone else could do the same to you!

81. A) assume B) bet C) consider D) imagine

82. A) regular B) normal C) routine D) conventional

83. A) by B) up C) to D) for

84. A) shared B) acquired C) collected D) exchanged

85. A) reserve B) reservoir C) resource D) residence

86. A) problem B) process C) program D) project

87. A) derived B) accessed C) preferred D) transferred

88. A) invent B) initiate C) create D) originate

89. A) like B) alike C) similar D) resemble

90. A) considerate B) reasonable C) thoughtful D) careful

91. A) broad B) deep C) common D) public

92. A) show B) mean C) conclude D) deduce

93. A) whoever B) whatever C) whenever D) wherever

94. A) specifically B) typically C) critically D) especially

95. A) place B) ground C) location D) situation

96. A) personal B) individual C) specific D) valuable

97. A) judge B) contribute C) believe D) guarantee

98. A) associates B) companions C) visitors D) strangers

99. A) also B) too C) either D) likewise

100.A) for B) up C) of D) out