英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language课件
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英语语言学概论语言学ppt
A text is a product of all three. The three metafunctions of language are closely related to context and realized in the lexicogrammar of language. They are interwoven in discourse.
Metafunctions of Language
M.A.K. Halliday
12英语2班 翁京京 马密密 王雅莛 唐晓雯 唐苑
A British-born Australian linguist who developed the internationally influential systemic functional linguistic model of language.
逻辑功能
The experiential function 经验功能
It refers to the grammatical choices that enable
speakers to make meanings about the world around us
and inside us. 经验功能指的是语言对人们在现实世界（包括内心世界） 中的各种经历的表达。换言之，就是反映客观世界中所 发生的事、所牵涉的人和物以及与之有关的时间、地点 等环境因素。
The logical function
逻辑功能
Halliday describes the logical function as those systems
“whichnships between o
ne clausal unite and another”
Metafunctions of Language
M.A.K. Halliday
12英语2班 翁京京 马密密 王雅莛 唐晓雯 唐苑
A British-born Australian linguist who developed the internationally influential systemic functional linguistic model of language.
逻辑功能
The experiential function 经验功能
It refers to the grammatical choices that enable
speakers to make meanings about the world around us
and inside us. 经验功能指的是语言对人们在现实世界（包括内心世界） 中的各种经历的表达。换言之，就是反映客观世界中所 发生的事、所牵涉的人和物以及与之有关的时间、地点 等环境因素。
The logical function
逻辑功能
Halliday describes the logical function as those systems
“whichnships between o
ne clausal unite and another”
英语语言学function of language课件
Six primary factors of any speech event: speaker, addressee, context, message, code, contact.
Jakobson’s well-known framework of language functions based on the six key elements of communication:
my group member's view
phatic function directive function informative function interrogative function expressive function evocative function performative function
emotions
Conative: to persuade and influence others
through commands and entreaties)
Phatic: to establish communion with others Metalingual function: to clear up intentions,
英语语言学function of language
Halliday’s view
Interpersonal metafunction The interpersonal function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to enact their complex and diverse interpersonal relations.
Jakobson’s view
Jakobson’s well-known framework of language functions based on the six key elements of communication:
my group member's view
phatic function directive function informative function interrogative function expressive function evocative function performative function
emotions
Conative: to persuade and influence others
through commands and entreaties)
Phatic: to establish communion with others Metalingual function: to clear up intentions,
英语语言学function of language
Halliday’s view
Interpersonal metafunction The interpersonal function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to enact their complex and diverse interpersonal relations.
Jakobson’s view
语言学概念功能ppt课件
•Attributive is about what attributes a certain object has, or what type it belongs to. Expressed by:
▫ Attribute—the quality, Carrier—the entity
▫ E.g. Today’s weather is going to be warm.
1
Metafunctions
Ideational function 概念功能
2
Metafunctions元功能
(different modes of meaning construed by the grammar)
Ideational fun--
• Generally only one participant, Behaver, often a human.
• Distinguished from Material process:
▫ Only one participant: whether the activity
concerned is physiological or psychological.
•Expressed by Identified and Identifier.(or token
and value)
•E.g. John
is our monitor.
Identified process Identifier
Token process Value
10
Verbal process 言语过程
▫
Carrier
process
Attribute
9
英语语言学概论METAFUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE4
logical–semantic relationships between one clausal unit and another”. 指的是是语言对两个或两个以上的意义单位之间逻辑关系的表达。
Attitude
Evluation
Ideational ≈ Descriptive
Feelings
Emotions
M达关。的E换时T言间A之、，地F就点U是等IdN反环e映境Ca客因tT观素io世。IO界n中aN所l S发生的E事xI、np所et牵reie涉rnp的ce人e和rfsu物no以cn及tioa与n之l 有
Logic function
Textual Halliday describes the logical function as those systems “which set up
“In terms of the functions that language evmolevteadfutnocsteiornve”
all langsuyasgteesmaicrefuconncstiidoenraeldlitnogbueissthiacpsed and
organised in relation to three functions, or metafunctions.
IndicSapteeaker’s role
InteErsptaebPrlisesrhosonnSaaol coiamlmreitlmaetinot nships
MainAtasinsessment
TextuaTlexts
Halliday argues that both experiential and interpersonal functions are intricately organized, but that between the two “there is comparatively very little constraint”. This means that “by and large, you can put any interactional ‘spin’ on any representational content”. What allows meanings from these two modes to freely combine is the intercession of a third, distinct mode of meaning that Halliday refers to as the textual function. The term encompasses all of the grammatical systems responsible for managing the flow of discourse.
Attitude
Evluation
Ideational ≈ Descriptive
Feelings
Emotions
M达关。的E换时T言间A之、，地F就点U是等IdN反环e映境Ca客因tT观素io世。IO界n中aN所l S发生的E事xI、np所et牵reie涉rnp的ce人e和rfsu物no以cn及tioa与n之l 有
Logic function
Textual Halliday describes the logical function as those systems “which set up
“In terms of the functions that language evmolevteadfutnocsteiornve”
all langsuyasgteesmaicrefuconncstiidoenraeldlitnogbueissthiacpsed and
organised in relation to three functions, or metafunctions.
IndicSapteeaker’s role
InteErsptaebPrlisesrhosonnSaaol coiamlmreitlmaetinot nships
MainAtasinsessment
TextuaTlexts
Halliday argues that both experiential and interpersonal functions are intricately organized, but that between the two “there is comparatively very little constraint”. This means that “by and large, you can put any interactional ‘spin’ on any representational content”. What allows meanings from these two modes to freely combine is the intercession of a third, distinct mode of meaning that Halliday refers to as the textual function. The term encompasses all of the grammatical systems responsible for managing the flow of discourse.
语言学教程第1单元
ran away with the gun.
Language is hierarchical. Stratification is the physical manifestation of the infinite use of finite means
3. Creativity （ 创 造 性 ） : language is resourceful because of its duality and its recursiveness Words can be used in new ways to mean new things. Language has its potential to create endless sentences. e.g. He bought a book which was written by a teacher who taught in a school which was known for its graduates who…
朱永生, “论语言符号的任意性与象似性”， 《外语教学与研究》2002年第1期
Design features of language
2. Duality （ 二 重 性 ） : the property of having two levels of structures, units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization The mad man
语言学课件：functions of language
metafunctions 元------ the larger, more general purposes underlying language use.
2021/4/15
4
7 specific functions:
1.emotive (expressive) function: releases feelings. Swear words, obscenities, exclamation , involuntary verbal reactions.
2021/4/15
16
Four phases of English 1 old English 2 Middle English 3 Early Modern English 4 Present-day English
2021/4/15
17
A historical study of language is a __ study of language.
ie, to discover the regularities governing the actual use of language and make
them the subjects of study of linguistics.
2021/4/15
21
Langue /parole
1 what is social from what is individual. 2 what is essential from what is
When we speak or write, we usually don’t confine ourselves to single phrases or sentences; we string them together to form a text. There are expressions that refer backwards and forwards, or substitute for others, or link phrases or sentences. They play the role of bringing units of language into unity.
2021/4/15
4
7 specific functions:
1.emotive (expressive) function: releases feelings. Swear words, obscenities, exclamation , involuntary verbal reactions.
2021/4/15
16
Four phases of English 1 old English 2 Middle English 3 Early Modern English 4 Present-day English
2021/4/15
17
A historical study of language is a __ study of language.
ie, to discover the regularities governing the actual use of language and make
them the subjects of study of linguistics.
2021/4/15
21
Langue /parole
1 what is social from what is individual. 2 what is essential from what is
When we speak or write, we usually don’t confine ourselves to single phrases or sentences; we string them together to form a text. There are expressions that refer backwards and forwards, or substitute for others, or link phrases or sentences. They play the role of bringing units of language into unity.
语言学概论ppt课件英文
Through language, children learn the values, norms, and beliefs of the culture in which they are raised, becoming socialized into that culture's ways of thinking and living
Language reflections cultural values
The language we speak codes cultural norms, beliefs, and values It reflects how people in a culture view of the world and interact with each other
Language is the primary tool for organizing and expressing thought, which in turn shapes the way people view the world and contact with it
Language services as a repository for cultural knowledge, conditions, and practices, passing them down through generations
延时符
Summary
THANKS
Semantics refer to the study of meaning in language, including the meanings of words, phrases, and senses as well as the relationships between them It is one of the fundamental components of language and is essential for effective communication
英语语言学概论The Macrofunctions of Language李明霞
概念功能指的是语言对人们在现实世界（包 括内心世界）中的各种经历加以表达的功能。 就是反映客观和主观世界中所发生的事，所 牵涉的人和物以及与之相关的时间、地点等 因素。
1.He broke the window. 2.我们班周三下午在崇德楼有
《英语语言学导论》这门课，我 们都觉得它很难。
rpersonal
The international function (人际功 能)is to indicate,establish,or maintain social relationship between people.
人际功能指的是语言表达讲话者身份、 地位、态度、动机和他对事物的推断、 参加社会活动、建立社会关系等功能。
语言是社会人的有意义的活动，是做事 的手段，是动作，因此它的功能之一必 须是反映人与人之间的关系。
1.Lisa Li,you should clean up your room. 丽萨，你应该整理你的房间。
2.我觉得学校让大三做早操是有原因 的。
Texual
Textual function（语篇功能）is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner that they are coherent within themselves and fit the particular situation in which they are used.
Three macrofunctions
Ideational Interpersonal
Textual
I
Ideational
Ideational function（概念功能）is to organize the speaker or writer’s experience of the real or imaginary world. It includes the expression of the speaker’s attitude, evaluation, his feelings and emotions.
1.He broke the window. 2.我们班周三下午在崇德楼有
《英语语言学导论》这门课，我 们都觉得它很难。
rpersonal
The international function (人际功 能)is to indicate,establish,or maintain social relationship between people.
人际功能指的是语言表达讲话者身份、 地位、态度、动机和他对事物的推断、 参加社会活动、建立社会关系等功能。
语言是社会人的有意义的活动，是做事 的手段，是动作，因此它的功能之一必 须是反映人与人之间的关系。
1.Lisa Li,you should clean up your room. 丽萨，你应该整理你的房间。
2.我觉得学校让大三做早操是有原因 的。
Texual
Textual function（语篇功能）is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner that they are coherent within themselves and fit the particular situation in which they are used.
Three macrofunctions
Ideational Interpersonal
Textual
I
Ideational
Ideational function（概念功能）is to organize the speaker or writer’s experience of the real or imaginary world. It includes the expression of the speaker’s attitude, evaluation, his feelings and emotions.
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e.g We have different hobbies:I like traveling while you don’t like it.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Ideational function（概念元功能）
• Ideational function comprises two components, the experiential function and the logical function.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Thanks!
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
• Textual function is represented through two categories of resources, structural resources which consist of thematic structure and thematic progression, and nonstructural resources which comprise all kinds of cohesive device.
“the speaker’s emotions,judgment and attitudes”.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Textual function (语篇元功能)
• The textual function is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner to fit the particular situation in which they are used.
The experiential function is when language enables users to “build a mTehnetalol gpiicctaul ries wofhreenal“ityw,tohimchaikse serenpsreeosefnwtehdatingothees loinngauriostuinc dsytshteemm ainndtihnesifdoermthoefmp”a.rIattdaixsitsinagnudishes the dhivyeprosetapxaist,tienrcnlusdoifnegxspuecrhierneclaetsioonfs paasrtcicoiopradnitnsa.tion, apposition, condition and reported speech”.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Interpersonal function（人际元功能)
• The interpersonal function is to express the speaker’s role in the speech situation to indicate, establish, or maintain social relationships.
Metafunctions of Language
——Halliday's Model
12英语2班 丁王婷、陈楠、刘燕妹 庞林艳、高志鹏、翟小波
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Halliday’s three metafunctions of language
Ideational function （概念元功能）
e.g We saIynt“erpTehrasonnkayl fouun”ctiotnoaelsxopcroensssistths eofgtrwaotiptuardtes: ttohe the peinrtseornacwtiohnoalhfuenlpctyioonua.nWd tehseaayffe“ctSivoerfruyn”ctiownh. Tehne we mairnektleaetritaorcnotisuohbnipale”l ptaaonrtdoettxhhpeererassf.sfeecst“ivethceosmppeoenche-ndtedfeinsecdribroelse
Interpersonal function （人际元功能)
Textual function (语篇元功能)
英语语言学概论Metafunctioction（概念元功能）
• The ideational function is to organize people’s experience of the real or imaginary world, such as a person’s attitude, evaluation, feelings and emotions.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Ideational function（概念元功能）
• Ideational function comprises two components, the experiential function and the logical function.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Thanks!
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
• Textual function is represented through two categories of resources, structural resources which consist of thematic structure and thematic progression, and nonstructural resources which comprise all kinds of cohesive device.
“the speaker’s emotions,judgment and attitudes”.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Textual function (语篇元功能)
• The textual function is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner to fit the particular situation in which they are used.
The experiential function is when language enables users to “build a mTehnetalol gpiicctaul ries wofhreenal“ityw,tohimchaikse serenpsreeosefnwtehdatingothees loinngauriostuinc dsytshteemm ainndtihnesifdoermthoefmp”a.rIattdaixsitsinagnudishes the dhivyeprosetapxaist,tienrcnlusdoifnegxspuecrhierneclaetsioonfs paasrtcicoiopradnitnsa.tion, apposition, condition and reported speech”.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Interpersonal function（人际元功能)
• The interpersonal function is to express the speaker’s role in the speech situation to indicate, establish, or maintain social relationships.
Metafunctions of Language
——Halliday's Model
12英语2班 丁王婷、陈楠、刘燕妹 庞林艳、高志鹏、翟小波
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Halliday’s three metafunctions of language
Ideational function （概念元功能）
e.g We saIynt“erpTehrasonnkayl fouun”ctiotnoaelsxopcroensssistths eofgtrwaotiptuardtes: ttohe the peinrtseornacwtiohnoalhfuenlpctyioonua.nWd tehseaayffe“ctSivoerfruyn”ctiownh. Tehne we mairnektleaetritaorcnotisuohbnipale”l ptaaonrtdoettxhhpeererassf.sfeecst“ivethceosmppeoenche-ndtedfeinsecdribroelse
Interpersonal function （人际元功能)
Textual function (语篇元功能)
英语语言学概论Metafunctioction（概念元功能）
• The ideational function is to organize people’s experience of the real or imaginary world, such as a person’s attitude, evaluation, feelings and emotions.