动词的 ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语
作状语的动词-ing形式具有副词特性。
根据意义，动词-ing形式可作“原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随”等状语。
一、放在句首的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句首时可作“原因、时间、条件、让步”等状语。
如：Being blind，they cannot use computers.因为是盲人, 他们不能使用计算机。
（原因）Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.一到学校，孩子们就开始大扫除。
（时间）Hearing the news，we all jumped with joy.一听到这个消息，我们就快乐地跳了起来。
（时间）Being clever enough, you should ask me for more advice.即使你充足聪明，也应该征求我的建议。
（让步）二、放在句末的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句末时可作“结果、伴随”状语，或补充说明谓语的具体情况。
如：Her parents moved to Shanghai, leaving the house to her.她的父母亲搬到了上海，把房子留给了她。
（说明谓语动词动作发生后产生的结果）The monkey shouted at us，showing its teeth.那猴子露出牙齿对着我们大喊大叫。
（说明谓语动词动作发生的方式）The students walked along the road，talking and laughing.学生们沿着大路一边走，一边说笑。
（说明谓语动词动作发生时还伴随着另一个次要的动作）She works in the manager’s office, dealing with letters and documents.她在经理办公室工作，处理信件和文件。
动词-ing
非谓语动词之动词-ing形式一．动词-ing形式作状语1. 动词-ing形式做状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。
动词-ing形式做状语，是对谓语动词所表示的主语动作加以修饰或陪衬。
1），做时间状语Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
2），做原因状语Living far from the school, I have to get up early every morning.由于住得离学校远，我们只好每天早晨早起。
3）做结果状语He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子弄掉了，结果摔得粉碎3）做条件状语Playing all day (= if you place all day), you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间现在分词有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。
一般式表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。
Pressed from his parents, and realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2012·福建高考)由于来自父母的压力，以及认识到浪费了太多的时间，这个男孩决定不玩电子游戏了。
Not having fully recovered from the operation, the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.手术后还没有完全康复，这位病人被建议再住院两周。
动词ing在句首的用法
动词ing在句首的用法
1. 动词ing作为主语
- Swimming is good for health.（游泳对健康有好处。
）
- Learning a language is important.（学一门语言很重要。
）
2. 动词ing作为主语补语
- His favorite activity is gardening.（他最喜欢的活动是园艺。
）
- Her job is teaching.（她的工作是教书。
）
3. 动词ing作为状语
- Walking slowly, he enjoyed the beautiful scenery.（他慢慢地走着，欣赏着美丽的风景。
）
- Having finished his work, he went home.（他完成了工作，回家了。
）
4. 动词ing作为非谓语动词
- I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢读书。
）
- I can't help thinking about you.（我情不自禁地想你。
）
- He insisted on paying for the dinner.（他坚持要付晚餐的钱。
）
需要注意的是，动词ing在句首时，往往表示的是一个动作或状态的持续或正在进行，与现在进行时形式相似，但也可以表示习惯性的、反复发生的动作。
此外，句子的主语通常是正在进行一些动作的人或事物。
19.动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语吴国斌动词-ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。
1.作时间状语（有时可以在动词-ing形式前加一个表时间的连词，如when，while等）相当于时间状语从句Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.=When they heard the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.听到这个消息，他们立即动身去上海。
Having turned off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.=After turning off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。
2.作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句Being too young, he couldn’t join the army.=As he was too young, he couldn’t join the army.因为年幼，他不能参军。
Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.=As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。
3.作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句Using your head, you’ll find a good way.=If you use your head, you’ll find a g ood way.动动脑，你就会想出一个好办法。
Driving too fast, you will damage the car.=If you drive too fast, you will damage the car.如果开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。
动词ing做状语
动词ing做状语
动词ing做状语
1、表示目的
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示一个人为了做某事而做某事，多用于以下句子中：
He was putting on his coat in order to leave home.
他穿上外套准备离开家。
She stayed up late studying for the exam.
她为考试而熬夜学习。
2、表示时间
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示在某一段时间内做某事，多用于以下句子中：
He has been working in the company for five years.
他在公司工作了五年了。
She has been staying at home for two months.
她在家里呆了两个月了。
3、表示原因
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示一个人做某事的原因，多用于以下句子中：
He called to apologize for losing her address.
他打电话道歉是因为他把她的地址弄丢了。
She refused to go to the park because of raining.
她因为下雨而拒绝去公园。
动词ing形式作状语
三、表示条件（多置于句首）例：
1. Working hard(=If you work hard), you will succeed.
四、表示结果（多置于句末）例：
1. The snow lasted a week, leading to a serious traffic jam in the area.
2. The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ___ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added
注意：-ing形式的完成式having done 表示其动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前，一般作时间或原因状 the homework, she went shopping. =When she had finished the homework, she went shopping.
5、_____ from his clothes, he is not so poor. A. Judged C. To judge B. Judging D. Judge
6、_____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
3、European football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
ing做状语经典例句
ing做状语经典例句在英语中，ing作状语是动词的一种非谓语形式，它在句子中可以表示行为或状态的特征或方式。
以下是几个ing作状语的经典例句：1. He sat there reading a newspaper.（他坐在那里读报纸。
）在这个句子中，“reading a newspaper”是状语，表示“他”的状态是正在读报纸。
2. She came running to me.（她跑过来找我。
）在这个句子中，“running”是状语，表示“她”过来的方式是跑着来的。
3. He loved hiking in the mountains.（他喜欢在山里徒步旅行。
）在这个句子中，“hiking in the mountains”是状语，表示“他”喜欢做的事情是在山里徒步旅行。
4. I was surprised to find him crying in the corner.（我惊讶地发现他在角落里哭泣。
）在这个句子中，“crying in the corner”是状语，表示“他”的状态是在角落里哭泣。
5. She swam across the river to reach the other side.（她游过河到达了另一边。
）在这个句子中，“across the river”是状语，表示“她”游泳的方式是横着游过河。
6. He jumped up and down excitedly.（他兴奋地跳上跳下。
）在这个句子中，“excitedly”是状语，表示“他”跳跃的方式是因为兴奋而跳跃。
7. She sang beautifully, much to our surprise.（她唱得很美，让我们大吃一惊。
）在这个句子中，“beautifully”是状语，表示“她”唱歌的方式是唱得很美。
8. He lay in bed, awake all night.（他躺在床上，整夜没睡。
）在这个句子中，“awake all night”是状语，表示“他”的状态是整夜保持清醒。
动词-ing形式作宾补和状语
8. I left children ____(watch) television.
9. The policeman caught two boys ____(fight) in the street． 10. With the exam ____(draw)near, we all felt anxious. keys:1. lying 2. grow 3. rising 4. hoping 5. adding 6. Not having received 7. Having suffered 8. watching 9. fighting 10. drawing
（2）I often hear him sing this song.我经常 听到他唱这首歌。
注：①see sb./sth. doing变成被动语态，其 结构是sb./sth. be seen doing，doing在这里成 了主语补足语。 The missing boy were last seen playing near the river。那个失踪的男孩最后一次被看到是 在河边玩耍。
Working in the factory, she made a lot of factory. 在工厂工作期间，她交了很多朋 友。
Being ill, the boy didn’t come to school.因为 病了，那个男孩没有来学校。
Working hard, you will succeed.努力学习， 你就会成功。
Not knowing his telephone number, we couldn' t get in touch with him. 由于不知道 他的电话号码，我们没法与他联系。
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动词的-ing形式作状语
【观察】观察下列句子中动词的-ing形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。
1. Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.
2. She doesn’t feel like eating anything, being ill for a few days.
3. Working hard, you will succeed sooner or later.
4. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by him alone.
5. The song is sung all over the country, making it very popular.
6. Travelling by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places.
7. While/When reading the book, he nodded from time to time.
8. Make sure to read all choices before deciding on the best answer.
9. After finishing reading the letter, he went on to write a reply.
10. On/Upon hearing their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
11. The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
12. Though/Although raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
13. I have accepted this, not wanting to disappoint them.
14. Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others.
【总结】
Ⅰ. 动词的-ing形式作状语的用法
动词的-ing形式作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。
它可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。
◆作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。
（如例句1）
◆作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。
（如例句2）
◆作条件状语，多置于句首。
（如例句3）
◆作让步状语，多置于句首。
（如例句4）
◆作结果状语，多置于句末。
（如例句5）
◆作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。
（如例句6）
【区别】动词的-ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语：
动词的-ing形式表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的”结果。
通常位于句末，其前有逗号隔开。
有时为了强调，可在现在分词前加副词thus, therefore等。
动词不定式表示意料之外的结果。
尤其是和only连用。
如：
She ran to the station, only to find that the train had left.
【特别提醒】为强调-ing形式所表达的意义，在-ing形式短语前可用连词、介词或副词。
◆“when/while+-ing形式”强调-ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
（如例句7）
◆“before + -ing形式”强调-ing形式在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。
（如例句8）
◆“after+动词的-ing形式”强调-ing形式在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
（如例句9）
◆“on/upon + -ing形式”表示“一（刚）……就……”。
（如例句10）
◆“thus + -ing形式”表示结果。
（如例句11）
◆“though /although+ -ing形式”表示让步。
（如例句12）
Ⅱ. 动词的-ing形式的否定形式
动词的-ing形式的否定形式为“no t+-ing形式”。
（如例句13）
【难点点拨】动词的-ing形式作状语应该注意的问题：
◆现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，且为主动关系。
◆独立成分作状语。
常见的有：generally speaking一般地说；strictly speaking 严格地说；frankly speaking 坦率地说；exactly speaking 确切地说；judging from/by 由……判断出。
（如例句14）语法巩固练习
句型转换。
(每空一词)
1. I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word.
→I stood by the door, to say a word.
2. I could not but laugh as soon as I saw such a funny sight.
→I could not but laugh such a funny sight.
3. While he was working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
→in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
→in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
4. Because I didn’t know his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him.
→his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him.
5. Look on the bright side of things, and you will live happily.
→on the bright side of things, you will live happily.
→on the bright side of things, you will live happily.
6. Before you leave the classroom, please turn off the lights.
→the classroom, please turn off the lights.
7. He worked day and night, and as a result it made himself near-sighted.
→He worked day and night, himself near-sighted.
→He worked day and night, himself near-sighted.
8. The three young girls stood under the tree, and they laughed and talked merrily.
→The three young girls stood under the tree,and merrily.
Keys:
1. not daring
2. on/upon seeing
3. Working; While working
4. Not knowing
5. If you look; Looking
6. Before leaving
7. making; thus making 8. laughing; talking。