语法知识—并列复合句的技巧及练习题附答案解析
外研版八年级下册并列复合句讲解及练习(含答案)
1. 并列复合句的定义：由并列连词and, but, or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
2. 并列复合句的构成：并列复合句的基本结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句例如：I help him and he helps me.You must put on your coat, or you’ll have a bad cold in such a cold day.3. 常用的并列连词：(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…, both… and…, as well as,等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。
前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词or, not… but…(不是……而是……), either…or…(要么……要么),等，前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but (但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等,前后分句时态一致。
(4) 表示因果关系，常见连词because, as, for(因为), so 等。
用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。
4. 并列连词前后简单句之间的关系：(1) 并列关系。
如：They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio.I’m a doctor and she is a nurse.注意：A. and 用于连接两个意思一致或连贯的词或短语，意为“和，又，而且，然后”。
如：He is able to read and write.B. and 用在祈使句后表示结果，意为“那么”。
语法知识—并列复合句的全集汇编含答案解析
一、选择题1．Cindy likes bananas, ______ she doesn’t like pears.A．and B．because C．but2．–Would you like to go for a picnic this weekend?–I’d like to, _____ I have a lot of things to do.A．so B．or C．and D．but3．Mr and Mrs Wang are _________, _______ they decide to have a second child after the Chinese government encourages the citizens to do it.A．in their forty; although B．in their forties; althoughC．in their forties; but D．in their forty; but4．I think science is difficult，________I like it very muchA．but B．so C．because D．and5．My sister _______ I are tidy, _______my brother isn’t.A．and; but B．and; and C．but; but D．but;and 6．Would you like to go to the museum with me?I’d love to, ______ I’m afraid I have no time.A．but B．and C．or D．so7．Don't stay up too late. you will probably be late for school tomorrow.A．and B．so C．but D．or8．I really want to have a pet dog,_____ my mother disagrees.A．but B．and C．or D．so9．—Do you like playing______ basketball？—No，it's boring． ______my brother likes it．A．the； But B．/； And C．/； But10．We didn’t finish off all the food we ordered, _______ we took the rest home.A．as B．so C．or D．for 11．Tom likes dancing, he is a little quiet.A．but B．although C．so D．however 12．-- Do you like reading history books when you are free?-- No! I like story books _ _ I almost read them every day.A．and B．but C．or D．then13．We can’t eat in the classroom, ___________ we can eat outside.A．and B．so C．but D．or14．I love watching movies，________ I hardly ever go to the cinema. I watch them on the Internet.A．because B．but C．so D．and15．-_________your sweater, _________you may catch a cold.A．Take off; and B．Take off; or C．Put on; and D．Put on; or16．—Would you like to go for a picnic with us?—Yes, I’d love to, I’m too busy.A．and B．but C．so17．This is my computer, ______ I don’t play computer games on it.A．too B．and C．but18．The shirt is very good , _______ I don’t like it .A．and B．but C．or D．so19．Don't give up, ___ you will never succeed.A．and B．but C．or D．though20．Hurry up, we’ll be late for the concert. There are only 10 minutes left.A．and B．or C．so D．but21．The repairs of the school costs quiet a lot, __they will bring the safety to the teachers and students in the future.A．since B．then C．or D．but22．—Have you ever heard about Chang’e, Ben?—Yes. My grandma is Chinese, ________ she told me a lot about Chinese traditional stories. A．though B．but C．or D．and23．Stephen Hawking had a serious illness, _______ he kept studying physics.A．and B．but C．so D．or24．— Be careful, _ you will make fewer mistakes.—Thanks for encouraging me.A．but B．or C．and D．so25．I am interested in European history________I will visit European doing my holiday. A．so B．but C．as D．although【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】句意：辛迪喜欢香蕉，但是她不喜欢梨。
语法知识—并列复合句的知识点总复习附答案解析
一、选择题1．Little Tom likes hamburgers very much _______ his mother doesn’t.A．and B．or C．because D．but2．—Finish your homework, _______ you can’t play computer games, Jim.—All right, Mum.A．but B．until C．and D．or3．He studies hard all the time, _________ he has made rapid progress in many ways. A．so B．because C．but D．yet4．My sister _______ I are tidy, _______my brother isn’t.A．and; but B．and; and C．but; but D．but;and 5．We didn’t have enough chairs, ____ some of the students had to sit on the floor. A．so B．but C．or D．and 6．My uncle likes books, ______ he doesn't have much time to read.A．and B．or C．because D．but 7．Would you like to go to the museum with me?I’d love to, ______ I’m afraid I have no time.A．but B．and C．or D．so 8．The F1 driver is hugely talented, ________ he still works hard to achieve his goals. A．so B．but C．if D．though 9．I have a computer, I don’t play computer games on it.A．also B．and C．but10．Tom likes dancing, he is a little quiet.A．but B．although C．so D．however 11．I am interested in European history________I will visit European doing my holiday. A．so B．but C．as D．although12．The dress fits me well, ______I don’t want to buy it because it’s too expensive. A．so B．and C．or D．but 13．—What does Linda like?—Well，she likes basketball，she doesn’t like soccer．A．and B．but C．or D．so14．（题文）Robin is a great actor, he is also a good father.A．or B．but C．so D．and15．----Can you sing the song “ The Little Apple”?----Of course ! _______my parents _________I are able to sing it well.A．Either…or B．Neither…nor C．Not only…but also D．Both…and16．In the future, working hours will be short. ________ people will have a long holiday. A．So B．Because C．But D．Or17．The robots can do some heavy work , ____ they still can’t do many other things.A．so B．but C．or D．and18．-_________your sweater, _________you may catch a cold.A．Take off; and B．Take off; or C．Put on; and D．Put on; or19．6．It’s very cold outside, you’d better put on your coat.A．so B．or C．but D．for20．Take exercise every day, ______ you’ll become stronger and healthier.A．or B．and C．but D．while21．－Would you like to come to my party?－I’d love to, _______I’m too busy.A．and B．but C．so D．or22．The repairs of the school costs quiet a lot, __they will bring the safety to the teachers and students in the future.A．since B．then C．or D．but23．— Be careful, _ you will make fewer mistakes.—Thanks for encouraging me.A．but B．or C．and D．so24．Last night, I went to bed late, _______ I am really tired now.A．so B．or C．but25．Set down your pens when you hear the bell rings, ____ you’ll be against the rules.A．and B．but C．so D．or【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】句意：小汤姆非常喜欢汉堡，但是他的母亲不喜欢。
语法知识—并列复合句的知识点训练及答案
一、选择题1．I like math, ________ it is not easy for me.A．because B．and C．but D．so2．Simon 12, Martin isn't. Martin is 13.A．is; and B．are; and C．is; but D．are; but 3．–Would you like to go for a picnic this weekend?–I’d like to, _____ I have a lot of things to do.A．so B．or C．and D．but 4．Don’t give up,_______ you will never succeed．A．and B．but C．so D．or 5．—Sorry, I have broken the chair.—It doesn’t matter, you should be careful next time.A．and B．or C．but D．so 6．—Finish your homework, _______ you can’t play computer games, Jim.—All right, Mum.A．but B．until C．and D．or7．My sister _______ I are tidy, _______my brother isn’t.A．and; but B．and; and C．but; but D．but;and 8．Gina is my cousin, she is my good friend.A．well B．and C．but D．for 9．Would you like to go to the museum with me?I’d love to, ______ I’m afraid I have no time.A．but B．and C．or D．so10．We didn’t finish off all the food we ordered, _______ we took the rest home.A．as B．so C．or D．for 11．Cindy likes bananas, ______ she doesn’t like pears.A．and B．because C．but12．He is new here,______ he has______ friends to play with.A．and; a few B．so; fewC．but; a little D．and; little13．Set down your pens when you hear the bell rings, ____ you’ll be against the rules. A．and B．but C．so D．or14．—Have you ever heard about Chang’e, Ben?—Yes. My grandma is Chinese, ________ she told me a lot about Chinese traditional stories. A．though B．but C．or D．and15．I have a baseball, ______________ I like sport.A．and B．then C．or D．but 16．—What does Linda like?—Well，she likes basketball，she doesn’t like soccer．A．and B．but C．or D．so17．Read more, ______ you will do better in English.A．or B．and C．but D．so18．In the future, working hours will be short. ________ people will have a long holiday. A．So B．Because C．But D．Or19．—Would you like to play basketball with us?—Yes, I’d love to. ________ I have to stay at home and work in the garden now.A．So B．But C．Or20．The robots can do some heavy work , ____ they still can’t do many other things.A．so B．but C．or D．and21．Our attitude is the driving force in our lives. It can _______push you to do things_______pull you down to your death. Keep positive and challenge yourselves in your lives. A．both ,and B．either, or C．neither, nor22．Never lie to others, ___________ no one will be your friends.A．but B．or C．and D．so23．Mary is twelve years old ________ she’s a student.A．but B．and C．or D．so24．Vera, turn the heat down, ___ your cake will burn.A．or B．and C．but25．Work hard, ______ you'll pass the exam．A．and B．or C．but【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】句意：我喜欢数学，但是对于我来说不容易。
初三英语复合句与并列句分析基础练习题50题(答案解析)
初三英语复合句与并列句分析基础练习题50题(答案解析)1.I don't know _____ he will come tomorrow.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.what答案解析：A。
“if”在这表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。
“when”表示时间；“that”在宾语从句中无实际意义，只起连接作用；“what”在宾语从句中要充当主语、宾语等成分。
此句意为“我不知道他明天是否会来”，根据句意选A。
B 选项错误在于不符合语境；C 选项在此处不能表达“是否”之意；D 选项“what”在句中不合适，因为句子不缺主语、宾语等成分。
2.Could you tell me _____ you did last weekend?A.thatB.whatC.whereD.how答案解析：B。
“what”在宾语从句中充当宾语成分，“你上周末做了什么”。
“that”无实际意义；“where”表示地点；“how”表示方式。
此句询问做的事情，A 选项错误在于不能表达“做了什么”；C 选项不符合句意；D 选项也与句子意思不符。
3.I wonder _____ she is a teacher.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.when答案解析：B。
“if”表示“是否”，此句意为“我想知道她是否是一名老师”。
“that”在此句中无实际意义，不合适；“what”不符合句子意思；“when”表示时间，与句子不搭。
A 选项不能表达“是否”；C 选项不能用于此处；D 选项不符合语境。
4.Do you know _____ he has gone to Beijing?A.thatB.ifC.whenD.where答案解析：B。
“if”表示“是否”，这句话是“你知道他是否去了北京吗？”“that”在宾语从句中无实际意义，此句不是陈述一个事实；“when”表示时间，不符合；“where”表示地点，也不对。
A 选项不符合句子意思；C 选项错误；D 选项错误。
语法知识—并列复合句的技巧及练习题附答案
一、选择题1．She can speak Chinese, she can’t write Chinese.A．or B．and C．but D．so2．He studies hard all the time, _________ he has made rapid progress in many ways.A．so B．because C．but D．yet3．My sister _______ I are tidy, _______my brother isn’t.A．and; but B．and; and C．but; but D．but;and4．—Do you like playing______ basketball？—No，it's boring． ______my brother likes it．A．the； But B．/； And C．/； But5．Cindy likes bananas, ______ she doesn’t like pears.A．and B．because C．but6．Many people think movie stars are special， really they're no different from anybody else. A．and B．or C．but D．Though7．Read more, ______ you will do better in English.A．or B．and C．but D．so8．----Can you sing the song “ The Little Apple”?----Of course ! _______my parents _________I are able to sing it well.A．Either…or B．Neither…nor C．Not only…but also D．Both…and9．—Hurry up, ________we will miss the last bus.—Oh, I’m coming.A．and B．or C．so10．It’s a nice watch, I can’t afford it.A．and B．or C．but11．---Where are you from?--- I’m from England, ______ I’m English.A．and B．but C．of D．to12．We can’t talk loud in the classroom, _________ we can sing out loud in the KTV.A．but B．at C．in13．The robots can do some heavy work , ____ they still can’t do many other things.A．so B．but C．or D．and14．My room is good, Cindy’s is not.A．and B．for C．but D．of15．This is my computer, ______ I don’t play computer games on it.A．too B．and C．but16．6．It’s very cold outside, you’d better put on your coat.A．so B．or C．but D．for17．Our attitude is the driving force in our lives. It can _______push you to do things_______pull you down to your death. Keep positive and challenge yourselves in your lives. A．both ,and B．either, or C．neither, nor18．Would you like some drink ________ shall we set down to business right away?A．and B．then C．or D．so19．Jane is polite helpful but he has no brothers sisters.A．and; or B．but; and C．and; and D．or; and20．Don't give up, ___ you will never succeed.A．and B．but C．or D．though21．Hurry up, we’ll be late for the concert. There are only 10 min utes left.A．and B．or C．so D．but22．Take exercise every day, ______ you’ll become stronger and healthier.A．or B．and C．but D．while23．— Jim is a helpful student.—I think so. Thanks to him, ________ we can’t do it successfully.A．or B．so C．but D．because24．— Be careful, _ you will make fewer mistakes.—Thanks for encouraging me.A．but B．or C．and D．so25．Mao Dun is Cindy’s favourite writer. He died in 1981, _____ his works are still popular today. A．or B．but C．however D．and【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】句意：她会说中文，但不会写中文。
中考英语复合句与并列句练习题50题带答案解析
中考英语复合句与并列句练习题50题带答案解析1.I don't know _____ he will come tomorrow.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.what答案解析：A。
“if”表示“是否”，在这个句子中符合语境，不确定他明天是否会来。
“when”表示时间，但题干中没有明确的时间疑问；“that”在宾语从句中不做成分，没有实际意义，此处不合适；“what”在宾语从句中要充当成分，题干不缺成分。
2.She asked me _____ I had been to Beijing.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when答案解析：A。
“if”在这里表示“是否”，她问我是否去过北京。
“that”引导宾语从句时不做成分，此处不合适；“what”在宾语从句中充当成分，题干不缺成分；“when”题干中不是询问时间。
3.Can you tell me _____ he did yesterday?A.whatB.thatC.ifD.when答案解析：A。
“what”在宾语从句中充当宾语成分，你能告诉我他昨天做了什么。
“that”不做成分，不合适；“if”表示“是否”，不符合语境；“when”题干不是询问时间。
4.We wonder _____ he will come to the party.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.what答案解析：A。
“if”表示“是否”，我们想知道他是否会来参加聚会。
“when”题干中没有时间疑问；“that”不做成分，不合适；“what”题干不缺成分。
5.I want to know _____ you like English.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when答案解析：A。
“if”表示“是否”，我想知道你是否喜欢英语。
“that”不做成分，此处不合适；“what”题干不缺成分；“when”题干不是询问时间。
6.He said _____ he was busy.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.when答案解析：A。
外研版八年级下册并列复合句讲解及练习(含答案)
常用的连词有 and, but, or not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or
并列句分为: 联合并列句, 转折并列句, 选择并列句和因果并列句 (1). 联合并列句常由并列词 and, not only…but also…..等连接
如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way.
1. 并列复合句的定义：由并列连词 and, but, or 等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。 2. 并列复合句的构成： 并列复合句的基本结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 例如：I help him and he helps me. You must put on your coat, or you’ll have a bad cold in such a cold day. 3. 常用的并列连词： (1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有 and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…, both… and…, as well as,等,and 所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时 态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 (2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词 or, not… but…(不是……而是……), either…or…(要么……要么),等，前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那 么第二个分句用将来时。 (3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有 but (但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等,前后分句时态一致。 (4) 表示因果关系，常见连词 because, as, for(因为), so 等。 用连接词 for ,前后分句时态一致。 4. 并列连词前后简单句之间的关系： (1) 并列关系。 如：They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio. I’m a doctor and she is a nurse. 注意： A. and 用于连接两个意思一致或连贯的词或短语，意为“和，又，而且，然后”。 如：He is able to read and write. B. and 用在祈使句后表示结果，意为“那么”。 如：Work hard and you will pass your examination. (2) 选择关系。 如：The children can go with us, or they can stay at home. 注意：or 还可以用于说明原因，意为“不然，否则”。 He must like her, or he wouldn’t keep calling her. (3) 转折关系。 如：It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。 School is over, yet all the teachers are still working. 学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。 He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家，而我则想当科学家。 It's raining hard, however, we must go out.雨下得很大，然而我们必须出去。 (4) 因果关系。
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一、选择题1．Never lie to others, ___________ no one will be your friends.A．but B．or C．and D．so2．-- Do you like reading history books when you are free?-- No! I like story books _ _ I almost read them every day.A．and B．but C．or D．then3．Mr and Mrs Wang are _________, _______ they decide to have a second child after the Chinese government encourages the citizens to do it.A．in their forty; although B．in their forties; althoughC．in their forties; but D．in their forty; but4．Don’t give up,_______ you will never succeed．A．and B．but C．so D．or5．Mike recently got a package, ________ he didn’t remember buying anything.A．so B．or C．for D．but6．The dress is really beautiful，__________ it is too small for me.A．or B．but C．so D．and7．My mother was tired, ________ she didn’t stop working.A．and B．but C．so D．or8．We didn’t finish off all the food we ordered, _______ we took the rest home.A．as B．so C．or D．for9．Put your books in the drawer, _____ they won’t get lost.A．or B．and C．but D．so10．The flower is very beautiful, it smells pleasant.A．and B．but C．so D．or11．It’s a nice watch, I can’t afford it.A．and B．or C．but12．We can’t talk loud in the classroom, _________ we can sing out loud in the KTV. A．but B．at C．in13．I'm Alice，________ my sister is Kate.She is tidy，________ I'm not.A．and；and B．and；butC．but；but D．but；and14．I love watching movies，________ I hardly ever go to the cinema. I watch them on the Internet.A．because B．but C．so D．and15．Mary is twelve years old ________ she’s a student.A．but B．and C．or D．so16．--Would you like to go skating with me this afternoon, Daniel?--I'd love to, I'm too busy today.A．and B．so C．but D．or17．Jane is polite helpful but he has no brothers sisters.A．and; or B．but; and C．and; and D．or; and18．Alice can't sing ________ dance，________ she can play the piano.A．but；or B．or；but C．and；or D．or；and 19．Deng Yaping isn’t so clever, _______ she has a very strong will and works hard．A．and B．but C．so D．or20．Take exercise every day, ______ you’ll become stronger and healthier.A．or B．and C．but D．while21．Hurry up, _______ we’ll be late for the first bus.A．and B．but C．so D．or22．— Jim is a helpful student.—I think so. Thanks to him, ________ we can’t do it successfully.A．or B．so C．but D．because23．— Be careful, _ you will make fewer mistakes.—Thanks for encouraging me.A．but B．or C．and D．so24．（题文）Robin is a great actor, he is also a good father.A．or B．but C．so D．and25．In the future, working hours will be short. ________ people will have a long holiday. A．So B．Because C．But D．Or【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】句意：永远不要对别人说谎，否则没有人会成为你的朋友。
but但是，表示转折；or或者，否则；and和，而且；so因此，所以。
根据句意可知，这里是否则，即如果不那样会如何，故应选B，这个句型是祈使句+or+简单句。
2．A解析：A【解析】【详解】句意：——你有空时，喜欢看历史书吗？——不！我喜欢故事书，我几乎每天看它们。
and 而且，but但是，or或者，then然后。
结合句意，前半句表示我喜欢读故事书，后半句表示我每天读它们，前后表示递进关系，故用连词and。
故选A。
解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：王先生和王太太四十几岁了，但是他们决定在中国政府鼓励市民生二胎后，生第二个孩子。
in one’s forties在某人四十几岁，although尽管，but但是。
结合句意，前后表示转折关系，故用连词but。
故选C。
4．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：不要放弃，否则你永远不会成功。
考查连词辨析题。
本句是固定句型“祈使句+ and/or +陈述句”，是并列结构：and表示如果做到了前面祈使句表示的事情，就会有后面陈述句表示的结果；or表示如果做不到前面祈使句表示的事情，就会有后面陈述句表示的结果。
根据句意结构和语境，可知and不合句意，or否则，故选D。
5．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：迈克最近收到一个包裹，但他不记得买了什么。
考查并列连词。
A. so因此，所以，表示因果关系；B. or或者，表示选择关系；C. for为了，给，对于，表示目的；D. but但是，表示转折关系。
根据句意知前后句意是转折关系，故填but；选D。
6．B解析：B【解析】句意：这件衣服真漂亮，但对我来说太小了。
A. or否则，或者，表选择关系；B. but 但是，表转折关系；C. so因此，表因果关系；D. and和，而且，表并列关系。
结合语境理解，此处表示转折关系，答案为B。
7．B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：我妈妈累了，但是她没有停止工作。
考查连词。
and和，表示并列或顺承；but但是，表示转折；so所以，表示结果；or或者，表示选择。
由“累了……不停止工作”可知，两者之间为转折，故选B。
解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：我们没有吃完我们点的所有食物，所以我们把剩下的带回家了。
考查连词辨析。
as由于/既然，表原因；so所以，表结果（前因后果）；or或者，表选择；for因为，表原因（前果后因）。
根据句意可知，前句“We didn’t finish off all the food we ordered我们没有吃完我们点的所有食物”是原因，导致了“we took the rest home我们把剩下的带回家”的结果，故选B。
9．D解析：D【解析】句意：把你的书放在抽屉里，这样他们就不会丢失了。
A. or否则，或者，表示选择关系；B. and和，而且，表示并列或顺承关系；C. but但是，表示转折关系；D. so因此，表示因果关系。
此处上下句表示因果关系，故答案选D。
10．A解析：A【解析】句意：那朵花非常漂亮，而且它闻起来令人愉快。
and而且，but但是，so所以，or或者。
前一句称赞这朵花漂亮，后一句说这朵花好闻，前后表示递进关系，故用连词and，故选A。
11．C解析：C【解析】句意：这是一块美丽的手表，但是我买不起它。
and而且，表示递进关系；or或者，表示选择；but但是，表示转折关系。
结合句意，前一句表示手表好看，后一句表示买不起，故前后表示转折关系，故用连词but，故选C。
12．A解析：A【解析】【详解】句意：我们不能在教室里大声谈话，但是我们能在KTV大声唱歌。
考查连词。
根据句意，前后两句是转折关系，故选A13．B解析：B【解析】句意：我是叫爱丽丝。
我的姐姐叫凯特。
她非常整洁，但是我不是。
and而且，前后表示并列递进关系。
but但是，前后表示转折关系。
第一空，前后都是介绍名字，故表示递进，故用连词and。
第二空前一句她整洁，后一句表示我不整洁，前后表示转折关系，故用连词but。
，故选B。
14．B解析：B【解析】句意：我喜欢看电影，但我很少去看电影。
我在网上看他们。
考查连词辨析题。
A. because 因为，表原因；B. but但是，表转折；C. so所以，表因果；D. and和，表并列。
根据句意，可知前后是转折关系，故选B。
15．B解析：B【解析】句意：玛丽12岁了，它是一名学生。
but但是，前后表示转折关系；and而且，表示递进关系；or或者，表示选择；so所以，表示结果。