非谓语动词总结以及易错点

非谓语动词总结以及易错点
非谓语动词总结以及易错点

非谓语动词总结以及易错点

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A.to wind B.wind C.winding D.wound

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:我抬头向上看,注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知,wind its way作宾语补足语,winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行,故选C。

2.________on this report,the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this continent.

A.Having based B.Basing

C.Based D.To be based

【答案】C

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。be based on以……为基础。在句中作状语,故用其based。选C。

3.The press shoul d expand its influence in international public opinion to make China’s voice better ______ in the world.

A.hearing B.to be heard

C.hear D.heard

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:新闻应该扩大其在国际舆论中的影响力,使中国的声音更好地在世界上被听到。“中国的声音”与“听到”之间是被动关系,用make sth. done结构,故选D。

4.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.

A.to thank B.thanking

C.having thanked D.to have thanked

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后,Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情,所以选A。

考点:考查不定式

【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法,可以做宾语,定语,状语。还有不定式的不同形式:to do;to be doing;to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。

5.At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ________ in a small apartment near Boston and

__________what to do about his future.

A.living; wondering B.lived; wondering

C.lived; wondered D.living; wondered

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:现在分词做伴随状语,At the age of 29,D was a worker.这是完整句子,所以后面要用分词结构. 有and,显然是两个并列分词. 主要注意用现在分词,现在分词的主语就是主句的主语,它们之间的关系是主动关系。用现在分词做状语,DAVE在29岁时是一名工人,住在一间小公寓里,不知道未来会如何。选A。

考点:考查现在分词做状语

点评:现在分词还是过去分词做状语主要取决于动词和逻辑主语的关系:如果动词和逻辑主语是被动关系,用过去分词,如果动词和逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词。

6._____________in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.

A.Being raised B.Raising

C.Raised D.To raise

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大,要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走。根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he,他在这个地方长大,两者之间是主谓关系,故选C项。

考点:考查非谓语谓语动词。

【名师点睛】本题在考查非谓语动词,题目难度中等,从选项看,不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。从句子结构判断,两个句子是否共用一个主语,主语与第一个动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系,再者还要注意判断时间关系,从而得出答案来。

7.(北京)During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.

A.share B.to share

C.having shared D.shared

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在中秋节期间,家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭,赏月,品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词,“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语,家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭,赏月,品尝月饼,表目的用动词不定式,故B选项正确。

点睛:动词不定式可以做主语,状语,定语,宾语,表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时,可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后,通常译为“为了”。

8.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.

A.Attend B.To attend C.Attending D.Having attended 【答案】C

【解析】

主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。

9.Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some ________ a life span of around 20 years. A.having B.had C.have D.to have

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:蝙蝠是一种寿命很长的动物,有的寿命约为20年。根据与前面句子是逗号连接,没有连词,故判断后一句使用独立主格结构,空格处用非谓语动词,逻辑主语some与have是主谓关系,故要用v-ing形式,故选A。

10.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _with students.

A.working B.work

C.to work D.worked

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词。句意:我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。分析句子可知,have fun doing sth.做某事很开心,as I now do working with students补充完整为as I now have fun working with students。故选A。

11.The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A.making B.to make

C.made D.being made

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来,使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语,但是那是预料不到的结果。本句描述的是一种顺理成章的结果。故选A。

【名师点睛】

判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分,看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词,确定了是非谓语动词,还要判断非谓语动词的成分,和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。这道题还有一个考点就是同样是结果状语从句,现在分词和不定式用法也不同,还要结合语境判断符合哪一个,来加以判断。

12. volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.

A.To study B.Studying

C.Having studied D.Studied

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:在研究火山多年之后,我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑主谓关系,且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前,应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。

13.(天津)I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.

A.to eat;to try B.eating;trying

C.eating;to try D.to eat; trying

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do(打算做),couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。

点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。

14.Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B.C.A.dated B.dating C.dates D.to date

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:几年前,他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的

男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期),始于(某一时期)”,a tomb of a man(男子的坟墓)与date from之间为主动关系,应使用现在分词短语作后置定语,若用句子表示二者之间的关系,可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B.C.故选B。

15.(福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.

A.Known B.Having known

C.Knowing D.Being known

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。

16.______ what had happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do.

A.Hearing B.To have heard C.Having heard D.Heard

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语作状语。句意:听到发生的事情之后,他们知道我会努力,他们只是想帮忙,因为这是正确的事情。分析句子可知,本句的主语是they,与动词hear是主动关系,空格发生的事是在they knew之前,因此要用完成时,故选C。

17.Tom made a small cage _____ the little injured bird till it could fly.

A.keep B.kept

C.keeping D.to keep

【答案】D

【解析】

考查动词不定式。句意:Tom为了养这只受伤的小鸟做了一个漂亮的笼子,直到它会飞。此题根据句意和句型结构推知此处keep应该表示目的;在英语中,表示目的的动词应该使用动词不定式即to do sth。故选D。

18.114.––My car is making a really strange noise.

––You’d better get it ______ before y ou drive to Denver.

A.looking at B.looked at

C.to look at D.being looked at

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——我的汽车发出奇怪的噪音。——你最好在开车去丹

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非谓语动词难点汇总

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非谓语动词知识要点概括以及难点和考点分析 1.“非谓语动词”这个名称是什么意思 在做非谓语动词题目之前,首先要搞清楚这个名称的意义。在英语中,很多语法名称在我们中国人的母语中是不存在的,所以,只有我们了解了这个语法的本质,或者说英语中使用这个语法的目的,才能更好的理解和运用这个语法知识。 首先,英语句子从结构上说,大致和中文相差不多,基本上都是“主谓宾”这个顺序,但英语句子和中文句子最大的不同点在于,英语句子里只能有一个谓语动词,而且逗号不能作为分割句子的连词使用。比如这句话:他生病了,他不能来了。在中文中,这句话没有问题,但如果翻译成英语:He is ill, he is not coming.就错了,因为逗号后面没有连词,这句话里出现了两个谓语动词“is”,产生了冲突。如果要修改的话,可以加上连词so,也可以把逗号变成分号(分号等于连词,后面he的首字母还是要小写),也可以索性把逗号变成句号,变成两句话。当然,如果用英语中所特有的技巧来处理的话,可以使用从句,可以改为Because he is ill, he is not coming. 这样操作的话,就等于把一个谓语动词放入了从句中,它就不和主句里的另一个谓语动词形成冲突了。其实这也是“从句”------这个英语中所特有的语法现象存在的道理。这句话最后一种修改方法就是使用非谓语动词,可以改为“Being ill, he is not coming.”。所以各位现在就明白了,非谓语动词这个语法现象存在的意义就是为了使一句英语句子保持只有一个谓语动词。非谓语动词如果能灵活运用,在有些情况下能代替从句(非谓语动词做状语和定语时候,可以代替原来的状语从句和定语从句),可以让句子更加精简。 2.非谓语动词的形式 非谓语动词主要可以分为三种形式:1. 分词 2. 动词不定式 3. 动名词。其中,分词又可以分为现在分词和过去分词。它们的具体形式如下: 现在分词:being, doing, having done(现在分词表示主动) 过去分词: done, being done , having been done (过去分词表示被动) 不定式: to do (表示主动), to be done (表示被动)。某些题目中还会出现to have done/to have been done和to be doing等特殊形式,下面重点解析里会谈到。 动名词:doing(表示主动),being done(表示被动)某些情况下having done和having been done也可以做动名词,下面重点解析里也会谈到。 本质上说,非谓语动词是谓语动词变过来的,具体变化形式如下: 主动被动 谓语动词非谓语动词谓语动词非谓语动词 be being do doing be done done be doing doing be being done being done will do to do will be done to be done have done having done have been done having been done

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Ⅱ、动名词的句法功能: 一、作主语: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 It's no use quarreling.争吵是没用的。 二、作表语: In the ant city,the queen's job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 作宾语: They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语: enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid(避免),excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider, admit(承认),deny(否认),mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk(冒险),appreciate(感激),be busy,be worth,feel like,can't stand,can't help(情不自禁地),think of,dream of, be fond of,prevent…(from),keep …from,stop…(from),protect…from,set about, be engaged in,spend…(in),succeed in,be used to,look forward to,object to, pay attention to,insist on,feel like 三、作定语:

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