【考研英语】2019考研英语一翻译冲刺电子讲义
考研英语一翻译技巧讲解ppt课件
副词插入语：frankly, especially, fortunately, indeed, however…
短语插入语：generally speaking（总的来说）, to tell the truth（老实说）, in a sense（在某种意义上讲）, in a word（总而言之）, strange to say（说来奇怪）, to some extent（从一定程度上讲）…
具体要根据各成分的修饰关系而定。
The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.（2015年真题）
人生中几乎不可能不经历某种失败。那些经历过失 败的人可能活得很谨慎，以致于一事无成。
准确、完整、通顺
完整——不漏译
The growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect. 与日俱增的虐待儿童和忽视儿童事件
准确、完整、通顺
通顺——说人话，符合汉语表达习惯
研究健康和身体如何吸收并利用食物成分之间的关 系的学科被称为临床营养学，它的历史可以被分为 四个不同的阶段。
方法总结：将同位语提前翻译，作为定语修饰被修 饰的名词，可视具体情况增译
另译：临床医药学研究……
插入语
插入语的作用：为了增加句子表达的多样性，在英语 中任何成分（词/短语/句子）都可以用两个逗号或者破 折号隔开成为插入成分。
后置定语
（3）现在分词短语 A leaf floating in the wind 飘在风中的一片叶子 （4）过去分词短语 The meeting held last month 上个月举办的会议 （5）动词不定式短语 A way to solve the problem 解决问题的一个方式
2019年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析
2019年考研英语⼀翻译真题及答案解析 在医学杂志上有很多⽆稽之谈，如果⼲播公司和⾮专业媒体报道这些⽆稽之谈，那么就会引起健康恐慌和短暂的饮⻝狂热。
⼩编为⼤家提供2019年考研英语⼀翻译真题及答案解析，⼀起看看吧！ 2019考研英语⼀翻译真题 It wasn’t until after my retirement that I had the time to read scientific papers in medical journals with anything like close attention. Until then, I had, like most doctors, read the authors’ conclusions and assumed that they bore some necessary relation to what had gone before. I had also naively assumed that the editors had done their job and checked the intellectual coherence and probity of the contents of their journals. It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realized just how bad — inaccurate, misleading, sloppy, illogical — much of the medical literature, even in the best journals, frequently was. My discovery pleased and reassured me in a way: for it showed me that, even in advancing age, I was still capable of being surprised. I came to recognize various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia.46) There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled ‘The Natural Selection of Bad Science’, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. According to the authors, the problem is not merely that people do bad science, as they have always done, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. They quote ananonymous researcher who said pithily: ‘Poor methods get results.’ What is important is not truth, let alone importance, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: 47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number. It is at least an objective measure. In addition to the pressure to publish, there is a preference in journals for positive rather than negative results. To prove that factor a has no effect whatever on outcome b may be important in the sense that it refutes a hypothesis, but it is not half so captivating as that factor a has some marginally positive statistical association with outcome b. It may be an elementary principle of statistics that association is not causation, but in practice everyone forgets it. The easiest way to generate positive associations is to do bad science, for example by trawling through a whole lot of data without a prior hypothesis. For example, if you took 100 dietary factors and tried to associate them with flat feet, you would find some of them that were associated with that condition, associations so strong that at first sight they would appear not to have arisen by chance. Once it has been shown that the consumption of, shall we say, red cabbage is associated with flat feet, one of two things can happen: someone will try to reproduce the result, or no one will, in which case it will enter scientific mythology. The penalties for having published results which are not reproducible, and prove before long to be misleading, usually do not cancel out the prestige of having published them in the first place: and therefore it is better, from the career point of view, to publish junk than to publish nothing at all. A long list of publications, all of them valueless, is always impressive. 48)Attempts have been made to (control this inflation命题⼈改编为curb this kind tendency),(for example by trying, when it comes to career advancement这部分被出题⼈删除), to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant’s published papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. 49) This would be reasonable enough if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors. Boiling down an individual’s output to simple, objective metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. 50) If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions incentivize that kind of science. In other words, what we need is more emphasis on personal contact and even nepotism in the way careers are advanced: but tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askelon; lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice… 46. There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. 2019考研英语⼀翻译答案解析 【解析】 1. 本句主干为There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals(在医学杂志上有很多这样的⽆稽之谈) 2. which引导定语从句，修饰this kind of nonsense，which指代this kind of nonsense，在定语从句中做主语 (1) 则定语从句为“这些⽆稽之谈引起健康恐慌和短暂的饮⻝狂热” (2) when引导状语从句，可以理解为条件，从句省略this kind of nonsense is，则为“如果⼲播公司和⾮专业媒体报道这些⽆稽之谈” 【参考译⽂】 在医学杂志上有很多这样的⽆稽之谈，如果⼲播公司和⾮专业媒体报道这些⽆稽之谈，那么就会引起健康恐慌和短暂的饮⻝狂热。
考研英语一冲刺翻译PPT课件
考研翻译的考试内容＝ 考点
①考察专有名词、词组和多义词、代词、省略词 的翻译
专有名词：人名、地名、国家名称、组织机构 名称、术语
词义选择、词序调整、词性转换和增词法 ②考察具体句型的翻译步骤和方法 包括定语和定语从句、状语和状语从句、主语
从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、并 列结构、比较结构、倒装结构、插入结构、被 动结构、否定结构、形式主语和there be等句 型
moonlight；brain drain c.专业术语：black hole; mad cow disease;
swine flu
9
His mother always complains and beefs about his future.
We need a plan to address the problem of the homeless people.
In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science.
Newton’s laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory frame work.
7
汉译英的难点 —— 词汇 四六级汉译英：瑰宝、皓月、辟邪 瑰宝：treasure 皓月：bright moon 辟邪：avoid evil spirits
8
英译汉难点
(1)词汇 a.绝对生词：millennium; anthropology;
astrophysics b.相对生词：set; beef; duck; cause; school;
考研英语翻译冲刺讲义
一、考研翻译高分策略【本章要点】-掌握考研翻译高分两大策略-巩固试题演练【翻译技巧】◎尽量译主干1）划竖线，断开结构2）看动词，瞻前顾后3）译主干，稳定分数◎修饰层层加1）看词性，分析关系2）译修饰，能加则加【试题演练】【例1】（2005年49题）Creating a“European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.模考：笔记：【例2】（2008年47题）He asserted,also,that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited,for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.模考：笔记：【例3】（2008年49题）He adds humbly that perhaps he was“superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention,and in observing them carefully.”模考：笔记：本章参考译文【例1】不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织在一起，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们做出战略性的选择。
【例2】他还坚持认为自己进行长时间完全抽象思维的能力十分有限，由此他认定自己在数学方面根本不可能有大的作为。
考研英语翻译冲刺讲义
考研英语冲刺班翻译讲义主讲：唐静欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材翻译满分是十分。
讲解分两部分：第一部分，讲解想要得到翻译的基本分该怎么办。
三个优先：1.短句优先 2.介词优先 3.顺序优先短句优先就是汉语短句优先就是把你有限的英语单词转变成为汉语之后来造句。
造汉语短句。
越精短越好。
参见04年真题64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.沃尔夫对语言和思维的关系感兴趣介词优先考的最多的是介词，而考的最多的介词又是in,其次是of ,with... 介词优先就是先翻译介词后面的，再把它放到介词前面的那个词前面去。
a of b of c即c的b的aof 的翻译参见97年真题72) Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.一些哲学家辩论说，权利今仅存在于社会契约中，作为责任和权利的交换的一部分。
参见07年真题(46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.当你发现句子已经像个短句是就打上逗号。
2019翻译讲义
强化翻译邵宁第一部分:真题翻译重点句精讲⑴The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑵According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑶This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑷This “brain drain”has long bothered policymakers in poor countries.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑸They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑹Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑺These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑻The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload.________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑼When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of the best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world.____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________⑽After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead begin shopping emotionally –which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________第二部分:考研英语二历年真题2010年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)“Sustainability” has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spen ding a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been through the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.It didn’t go well.“It was a really bad move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales.“I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll turn the corner,give it some time.’”_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2011年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do – roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google searchcan leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2012年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all India ns over the age of 25. This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2013年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does – try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day – they both just pop into my mind in the same way._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2014年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down –say, after giving a bad lecture – he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand sche me of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2015年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Think about driving a route that's very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it's easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don't have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can't remember the journey well because we didn't pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2016年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you’ll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you’ll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the FoodMarketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead begin shopping emotionally – which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2017年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realised I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream – I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media Promotion.”_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2018年考研英语二真题46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut” but quickly adds “scientist” to the list and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads – everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet–not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays, his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works. “Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,” Gates says._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。
【翻译】考研英语翻译讲义
考研英语翻译讲义【词类活译】1.A well-dressed man ,who looked and talked like an American,got into the car. 译文：一个衣着讲究的人钻进了轿车，他的外表和谈吐都像是个美国人；【代词归位】代词所指的对象一般在前文找到，但是有些状语从句前置时，造成迷惑，指代的内容不在状语从句中，而是在后文；1.Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated,over-industrialized planet.When we come to think about it ,there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish :dump it ,burn it,turn it into so mething you can use again ,attempt to produce less of it译文：当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时，我们只有四种对付垃圾的方法：倾倒，焚烧，让其变成再生材料或努力减少垃圾；【语态转换】被动语态首先考虑译成主动语态，其次保留原文的被动形式，再次灵活处理；若存在动作的发出者，通常译成主动语态，对于不言自明的发出者可适当添加，也可译成无主句；1.By the end of the war ,about 1,000 children had been rescued by the organization 译文：截止到战争结束，这个组织拯救了大约1000名儿童；2.The child is to be told not to touch the piano 译文：我们应该告诉孩子不要碰钢琴；3.About that project ,much has said but little has been done译文：关于那项工程，说的多，做的少；也可译成“被......”，“遭到......（不好的事）”，“受到......（好的事）”，“由......”，“为......所......”，“把......”等【It is ...句式翻译】It is alleged that 据说...It is rumored that 据传...It is argued that 有人主张...It is to be discussed that 需要讨论的是...There is no agreement ...人们对此看法不一It is necessary that 有必要...It is true that 诚然...It is likely that 可能...It is a mystery that 让人不解的是...It is common knowledge that 常识是...It occurred to me that 我突然想起...【状语从句】状语从句一般前置到句首，有时前置到所修饰谓语动词的前面；但结果状语从句和伴随转语从句一般不前置翻译；1.He pushed open the door gently and crept out of the room for fear that he should awake the ba by译文：为了不惊醒孩子，他轻轻推开门，蹑手蹑脚溜了进去；2.I was never allowed by my parents to do things ass I wanted to译文：父母从不允许我按照自己想要的方式来做事；3.New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past ,giving rise to new standards of elegance译文：就像以往那样，在将来，新的思维方式和新的思维对象一定会出现，并带来新的完美标准；4.The sense is growing that the Americans need to turn things round fast ,militarily and politically ,if they are to ensue that events do not get out of control;译文：人们越来越强烈地感觉到：如果美国人想确保情况不失去控制，他们就需要在军事和政治两方面，快速扭转形势；5.If experience are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the sci ence journals indicate,then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce r esults measurable in dollars and cents译文：如果试验被计划并像科学杂志上的报告所表明的那样忠实地按照计划得以实施，那么管理方面期待着研究能够带来可以用金钱衡量的结果也是完全符合逻辑的；【定语从句】比较短的定语从句一般合译，即译成形容词“...的”；较长的定语从句常用分译法，即单独译成一个句子，此时要翻译连接词！多个定语从句嵌套时，常将第一个定语从句合译，后面的从句分译；对于“there be ”句型的定语从句常用融合法，即将从句作为主语的谓语；还有的非限制性定语从句有状语的含义，此时用状译法译成相应的状语从句；1. The people who work for him live in moral fear of him;译文：在他手下工作的人对他惧怕得要死；2.The fine arts , such as painting and sculpture ,involve the production of works to be seen and ex perienced on an abstract level;译文：像绘画和雕塑这样的美术，往往要求创作出能够从抽象的角度加以欣赏和感受的作品；3.There are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write译文：在世界上有些地方，甚至现在人们也不会书写；4.He grabbed the letter from his rival that would prove him guilty in the smuggling case译文：他把信件从对方手里一把夺了过来，因为这封信可以证明他在走私案中的罪行；竹节式：5.A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have la ws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from diverse bac kgrounds译文：有的文化中，公民们拥有着相似的宗教信仰和价值观；还有的文化中，公民们来自不同文化背景，前者比后者更有可能产生代表民意的法律；洋葱式：6.Oneof my friends got pregnant in her boyfriend’s hospital room while he was recovering fro m a terrible car accident which left him partially paralyzed译文：我有一个朋友，她的男朋友遭遇了一起严重的车祸，结果导致了半身不遂。
19英一text4译文
19英一text4译文（实用版）目录1.概述：介绍 19 英一 text4 的内容和主题2.详细内容：详述文章的主要观点和论述3.总结：总结文章的主要观点和结论正文1.概述：19 英一 text4 是一篇关于人类行为和决策的文章，主要探讨了人们在面对不确定性和风险时的行为模式和决策方式。
文章通过实例和理论分析，揭示了人们在不确定性和风险环境下的决策行为，为我们理解和应对这种行为提供了有益的启示。
2.详细内容：文章首先介绍了不确定性和风险的概念，以及它们对人类行为的影响。
不确定性是指事件发生的结果不确定，而风险则是指事件发生的结果可能带来损失或收益。
文章指出，人们在面对不确定性和风险时，往往会采取不同的行为模式和决策方式。
文章接着通过一个实例，说明了人们在面对不确定性和风险时的决策行为。
实例中，一个人需要在两个选项中做出选择，一个是确定的收益，另一个是不确定的收益。
实验结果表明，人们在面对不确定性时，往往会选择确定的收益，而不是冒险去追求更大的收益。
这表明，人们在面对不确定性时，往往会选择保守的行为模式。
然而，文章也指出，人们在面对风险时，往往会采取冒险的行为模式。
这是因为，风险意味着可能带来损失或收益，而人们往往会高估自己的能力和运气，认为自己能够避免损失或获得收益。
因此，人们在面对风险时，往往会采取冒险的行为模式，以期获得更大的收益。
文章还讨论了人们在面对不确定性和风险时的决策方式。
文章指出，人们在做决策时，往往会受到过去经验和记忆的影响。
例如，人们在面对不确定性和风险时，往往会根据过去的经验来做出决策，而忽视当前的环境和情况。
这可能导致人们在做决策时，出现误判和误决策。
3.总结：总的来说，19 英一 text4 是一篇关于人类行为和决策的文章，主要探讨了人们在面对不确定性和风险时的行为模式和决策方式。
文章通过实例和理论分析，揭示了人们在不确定性和风险环境下的决策行为，为我们理解和应对这种行为提供了有益的启示。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
考研翻译高分策略(2005,49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.(2005,49) Creating a “European identity” //that respects the different cultures and traditions //which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent //is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.创造一个“欧洲品牌” 1尊重不同文化和传统 2去组成联系旧大陆的网络 3并不容易，且需要战略选择 4尽量译主干修饰层层加尽量译主干：●划竖线，断开结构●看动词，瞻前顾后●译主干，稳定分数断句(2008, 47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.断句(2008, 47) He asserted, also, //that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, //for which reason he felt certain //that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.看动词(2008, 47) He asserted, also, //that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, //for which reason he felt certain //that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.瞻前顾后(2008, 47) He asserted, also, //that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, //for which reason he felt certain //that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.译主干，稳定分数(2008, 47) He asserted, also, //that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, //for which reason he felt certain//that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.他断言，他的能力有限，因为这个原因，他确信，他就不该成功。
修饰层层加：●看词性，分析关系●译修饰，能加则加his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited他的能力有限他的能力非常有限他跟随思维的能力非常有限他理解思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长的思维的能力非常有限his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited他理解冗长而抽象的思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长而纯粹抽象的思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长而极度抽象的思维的能力非常有限他理解一系列冗长而极度抽象的思维的能力非常有限his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited他的能力有限他的能力非常有限他跟随思维的能力非常有限他理解思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长的思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长而抽象的思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长而纯粹抽象的思维的能力非常有限他理解冗长而极度抽象的思维的能力非常有限他理解一系列冗长而极度抽象的思维的能力非常有限修饰层层加考场上，生词的解决：1.如果出现在主干结构中，一定要翻译，上下文结合，蒙！2.如果出现在修饰中，一定不要勉强，可以考虑放弃！修饰层层加(2008, 49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."修饰层层加(2008, 49) He adds humbly //that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men //in noticing things which easily escape attention, //and in observing them carefully."他增加他补充说道他谦卑地补充说道修饰层层加(2008, 49) He adds humbly //that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men //in noticing things which easily escape attention, //and in observing them carefully."他增加他补充说道他谦卑地补充说道他谦卑地补充说道，他是他谦卑地补充说道，他是更好修饰层层加(2008, 49) He adds humbly //that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men //in noticing things which easily escape attention, //and in observing them carefully."他谦卑地补充说道，他是比人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是比普通人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是在注意到事情上，比普通人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是在注意到事情上和在仔细地观察事情上，比普通人更好修饰层层加(2008, 49) He adds humbly //that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men //in noticing things which easily escape attention, //and in observing them carefully."他谦卑地补充说道，他是在注意到那些别人容易忽略的事情上和在仔细地观察这些事情上，比普通人更好。
他谦卑地补充说道，与常人相比，他更能够注意到别人容易忽略的事情，并更加仔细观察这些事情。
(2008, 49) He adds humbly //that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men //in noticing things which easily escape attention, //and in observing them carefully." 他增加他补充说道他谦卑地补充说道他谦卑地补充说道，他是他谦卑地补充说道，他是更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是比人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是比普通人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是在注意到事情上，比普通人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是在注意到事情上和在仔细地观察事情上，比普通人更好他谦卑地补充说道，他是在注意到那些别人容易忽略的事情上和在仔细地观察这些事情上，比普通人更好。
尽量译主干，修饰层层加！舍，与得，有舍才有得！心态最重要！努力就成功！考研翻译冲刺法则及试题预测冲刺法则一A.查漏补缺，巩固基本B.旧句子，旧题目，两个确保C.确保曾经做过的真题中，单词肯定认识，并且放到别的地方去，还记得这个单词的本意、曾经翻译过的上下文意义D.确保曾经做过的真题中，每一个句子都能够瞬间找到主干、修饰，知道翻译顺序前置，例1(2003, 61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment //in which they live,//thus subjecting all other life forms //to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.而且，人类有能力而且，人类有改造环境的能力而且，人类有改造他们所居住的环境的能力而且，人类有能力去改造他们所居住的环境而且，人类有能力去改造他们所居住的环境，从而使得…服从于…而且，人类有能力去改造他们所居住的环境，从而使得所有其他生命形态都服从于而且，人类有能力去改造他们所居住的环境，从而使得所有其他生命形态都服从于想法和想象而且，人类有能力去而且，人类有能力去改造他们所居住的环境，从而使得所有其他生命形态都服从于人类自己独特的想法和想象前置，例2(2004, 62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.We are obliged to them //because some of these languages have since vanished, //as the peoples /who spoke them died out //or became assimilated //and lost their native languages.我们应该感谢他们我们应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为其中一些语言已经消失了我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为其中一些语言从此以后已经消失了我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为其中一些语言从此以后已经消失了，由于那些民族已经灭亡我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为其中一些语言从此以后已经消失了，由于那些讲这些语言的民族已经灭亡，我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为其中一些语言从此以后已经消失了，由于那些讲这些语言的民族已经灭亡，或者被同化我们之所以应该感谢这两位人类学语言学家，是因为其中一些语言从此以后已经消失了，由于那些讲这些语言的民族已经灭亡，或者被通话，从而失去了他们的母语。