英语国家概况爱尔兰篇中英翻译
2015年11月CATTI三级笔译英译汉第一篇最后两段原文和参考译文-爱尔兰共和国简介
Capital punishment is constitutionally bannedin Ireland, while discriminationbased on age, gender, sexualorientation,marital or familial status, religion, or race isillegal.
在爱尔兰，宪法禁止死刑，同时，基于年龄、性别、性取向、婚姻或家庭状况、宗教，或种族的歧视也都属违法。
Ireland became the first country in the world to introducean environmentallevy for plastic shopping bags in2002 and a publicsmoking ban in2004. Recycling in Ireland is carriedout extensively andIreland hasthe second highest rate of packaging recycling in the EuropeanUnion.
微信公众号:transelegant
2002年，爱尔兰开始对塑料袋征收环境税，2004年，颁发了公共场所禁烟条例。
在这些举措方面，爱尔兰均属世界首位。
该国广泛实行回收利用，包装回收利用率位居欧盟第二。
词汇短语：
Capital punishment：死刑。
Capitalpunishment, deathpenalty or execution is punishment bydeath
environmental levy for plastic shopping bags：对塑料袋征收环境税。
爱尔兰国家概况中英文版
02. Climate
Climate
03. Major Cities
Major Cities
Dublin
The capital city of Ireland is Dublin, which is located in Dublin Bay. With one-fourth of the country's total population living there, Dublin is the largest city in Ireland. It is also the country's chief port, the commercial and financial center, and the seat of culture.
The The Republic of Ireland
姓名：
The island of Ireland is the third largest island in Europe. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean, separated from the island of Great Britain by the Irish Sea and from mainland Europe by the Celtic Sea.
The island of Ireland is epublic of Ireland, which is an independent country, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom.
Cork
Cork (科克) is the second largest city in Ireland. The city has a reputation for independence dating back to 1491, when its people fought to overthrow the English rule. The people of Cork are proud of their participation in the Irish War of Independence
英语国家概况中英对照
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国P4The commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. Member nations are joined economically and have trading arrangements. The commonwealth has no special powers. There are 50 member countries within the Commonwealth.英联邦是一个自由联合体，由曾是英国殖民地而现已独立的国家构成，成员国之间实行经济合作，有一定的贸易协议。
联邦没有特殊的权力。
有50个成员国在联邦。
P12The English are Anglo-Saxons, but the Scots, Welsh and Irish are Celts.英格兰人是盎格鲁——撒克逊人，而苏格兰人、威尔士人和爱尔兰人却都是凯尔特人；P17凯尔特人Celts----首先入侵The Celts, a taller and fairer race than the people who had come before, began to arrive about 700BC and kept coming until the arrival of the Romans. They may originally have come from eastern and central Europe, now France, Belgium and southern Germany. They came to Britain in three main waves.凯尔特人比先前抵达的种族更高、更漂亮，他们于公元前700年开始迁入，并于此后不断迁居到此岛，直至罗马人入侵；他们最初来自东欧和中欧,现在法国、比利时和德国南部一带。
英语国家概况之爱尔兰
4. Total land area: 81,421 Sq km.
5. The highest peak is Carrauntoohil 1,041
m. The River Shannon, at 386 km is the longest rivery
1. Prehistory civilization
2. Celts – 600 BCE 3. St. Patrick , 432– Catholicism
Megaliths
Stone circle in County Cork, ca 3500BC
St. Patrick and Catholicism
1.5 Flora
Forests now cover about 9% (4,450 km or one million acres) of the land. Because of its mild climate, many species, including sub-tropical species such as palm trees, are grown in Ireland. Much of the land is now covered with pasture, and there are many species of wild-flower. Gorse (Ulex europaeus), a wild furze, is commonly found growing in the uplands, and ferns are plentiful in
the more moist regions, especially in the western parts of Ireland.
英语论国家-爱尔兰
IrelandIreland is a European country, its capital is Dublin, and the population of Ireland is about 4.2million, the national flower is White clover. Its climate including: mild climate humid and typical temperate oceanic climate.Ireland is an island, it lies at northwestern Europe, it is about 70282KM ². It is a green country. The whole land is surrounded by small hills. Irish longest river is River Shannon, and other Rivers and more short. The land was divided into two parts by River Life, the southern area and the northern one.From AD5, Ireland has ever been invaded by Dane, Norman, and British. The longest reign, the most cruel exploitation and oppression, the history of Ireland were the most affected British colonist invasion. But,Strong and brave Irish people never succumbs to British rule, they try every means to fight for national independence. Southern Ireland 26 County independent, but Northern Ireland 6 counties were still British rule. Real estate bubble is Ireland's debt crisis the initiator of evil. With the real estate bubble burst, coupled with the impact of the international financial tsunami, Ireland's 5 bigbanks are on the verge of bankruptcy. The Irish government shortly before that, due to salvage their five big banks may be the highest cost 50000000000 Euros, is expected in 2010 fiscal deficit rose to gross domestic product ( GDP ) 32%, public debt will account for 100% of GDP. The real estate industry abducted bank, bank and kidnapped government, it is the sovereign debt crisis behind the simple logic.Ireland have many outstanding scientists, such as George Bernard Shaw (In 1925 the Nobel Prize for Literature), William Butler Yeats (In 1923the Nobel Prize for Literature),Samuel Beckett (In 1969 the Nobel Prize for Literature), Seamus Heaney (In 1995 the Nobel Prize for Literature).Music in Irish culture occupies an important position, the Irish harp is typical of the traditional musical instruments, and its shape was chosen as patriotic emblem logo, that music in Ireland occupies the extremely important position. So here are also many famous bands, such as U2, Westlife,The Cranberries and many others. Irish writers are imaginative as well, such as Jonathan Swift and James Joyce.Irish culture is very unique. It originated from the Celt culture, mainly by literature, music, dance and traditional sports. Irish Men’s traditional costume is dress.Ireland is loyal to love; you can get married but not allowed to divorce here.The Catholic is Irish mainly religion.Ireland is a tourist attraction.In winter, wind and rain are frequent. June is the best tourist season, the rain is less and the temperature is maintained at 15℃.Ireland has two kind of special wine is worthwhile to taste, one of them is a 700 historical Irish whiskey ( Irish Whiskey ) and another one is single taste sweet crown the Baileys Irish Cream ( Baileys ).Ireland's traditional diet is very similar to the British.Family eating is simple, including potato, vegetable, and beef. Bread is the staple food of the Irish.The people in Ireland are simple and honest. If you want to be free, and only enjoy yourself, I think you can have a visit to Ireland.。
英语国家概况-爱尔兰篇中英翻译
第十一章Part Two The Republic of Ireland爱尔兰共和国地理与历史 Geography and History不列颠群岛由两大岛屿和几百座小岛组成。
两大岛屿是大不列颠和爱尔兰岛。
爱尔兰也因其乡村绿荫而被称为绿宝石岛。
爱尔兰分为两个政治区域：北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国。
北爱尔兰是联合王国的一部分。
爱尔兰共和国是个独立国家。
The British Isles are made up of two large islands and hundreds of small ones. The two large islands are Great Britain and Ireland. Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because ot its rich green countryside. Ireland is divided into two political units. They are Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Northern Island is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland (Eire) is an independent country.I.Geographical Features地理特征爱尔兰共和国的面积为70，282平方公里。
与北爱尔兰接壤的边界为434公里。
The Republic of Ireland covers an area of 70,282 sq.its land border with Northern Ireland is 434 km.首都是都柏林，The capital is Dublin.爱尔兰一直被比作盆地，内有海滨高地围起的石灰岩高原。
海洋性气候影响全国。
Ireland[原创]英语国家概况.爱尔兰
![Ireland[原创]英语国家概况.爱尔兰](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/937bd06e5727a5e9856a618c.png)
Here is the same beach in the late afternoon. The Irish coastline is dotted with softly sandy beaches which are very popular in the summer.
The third most populous city The second largest city “the Rebel County”
Along the west coastline, there are a few areas of pasture（牧场） in what is essentially a rocky landscape.
Castles and ruins are found all over Ireland.
The Republic of Ireland
Ireland is a Western Europe country, It faces the Atlantic on the east and the Irish sea on the west. The five-sixths of the island of Ireland belong to the Republic, with the remainder constituting Northern Ireland (UK).
The Irish Flag
The current flag is the Tricolour of Green, White and Orange. This represents the partition of the country.
Irish Symbol: The Harp
爱尔兰英文介绍
• The Celts
The Celts were commonly thought to have come to Ireland as early as the 6th century BC, with subsequent groups arriving up to the time of Christ.
The shadow of the famine and the English indifference or even cruelty led to campaigns for national independence and land reform in the latter half of the 19th century.
Then the Irish parliament, regarded as an unrepresentative assembly, was induced to vote itself out of existence in 1800.
• Modern Ireland
The great famine took place in 1845—1848. By 1851,the population had been reduced by at least 2 million due to starvation, disease, and emigration to Britain and North America.
In December 1921, the Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed, with the result that 26 counties gained independence as the new Irish free state. Six counties in Ulster, however, refused to become part of the new nation. The republic of Ireland officially formed on the 6 December 1922.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第十一章Part Two The Republic of Ireland爱尔兰共和国地理与历史 Geography and History不列颠群岛由两大岛屿和几百座小岛组成。
两大岛屿是大不列颠和爱尔兰岛。
爱尔兰也因其乡村绿荫而被称为绿宝石岛。
爱尔兰分为两个政治区域：北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国。
北爱尔兰是联合王国的一部分。
爱尔兰共和国是个独立国家。
The British Isles are made up of two large islands and hundreds of small ones. The two large islands are Great Britain and Ireland. Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because ot its rich green countryside. Ireland is divided into two political units. They are Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Northern Island is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland (Eire) is an independent country.I.Geographical Features地理特征爱尔兰共和国的面积为70，282平方公里。
与北爱尔兰接壤的边界为434公里。
The Republic of Ireland covers an area of 70,282 sq.its land border with Northern Ireland is 434 km.首都是都柏林，The capital is Dublin.爱尔兰一直被比作盆地，内有海滨高地围起的石灰岩高原。
海洋性气候影响全国。
Ireland has been compared to a basin in which a limestone plateau is rimmed by coastal highland s. Maritime influences penetrate the land.最高峰是卡朗图山(1，041米)The highest peaks are Carrantuohill (1,041 m)爱尔兰最大的河是香农河，它发源于斯利戈湾附近的高原, 香农河为共和国提供了大部分电力。
The largest river in Ireland is the Shannon River. It rises in the plateau near Sligo Bay, The Shannon River provides electric power for much of the Republic.多样化是低地的主要特征。
中部低地是爱尔兰的心脏。
山谷的通道和低地走廊通向每一个爱尔兰海岸，Variety is the main feature of the lowlands. The Central Lowland is the heart of Ireland. Easy passageways along valley and lowland corridors lead from it to every Irish shore.因为爱尔兰在冰川时期完全被冰层覆盖，现在所有的动植物种类都是从欧洲其他地方迁徙来的。
As Ireland was completely covered by ice sheets during the lce Age, all extant plants and animals are migrant species from other parts of Europe.沼泽仍是爱尔兰最重要的地形特征。
在所有山脉中随处可见，并覆盖低地的大片地区。
Bogs remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape. They occur on all the mountains and cover large areas of the lowlands.l.气候 Climate and Weather爱尔兰的气候被描绘成"温和、温润和多变",地理学家把全岛划分为六大气候区：The weather of Ireland is described as "mild, moist and changeable." Geographers have distinguished six climatic regions爱尔兰雨量过多。
中部低地,是爱尔兰雨量最少的地区Ireland has excessive rainfall. The Central Lowland is the area of the lightest rainfall in Ireland,东北部以极佳的农场和庄稼闻名The Northeast is noted for its excellent cattle pastures and crops.Ⅲ.人口与宗教 Population and Religion爱尔兰的基本民族是凯尔特人，同时还混合有挪威人、法国人、诺曼人和英国人。
In Ireland the basic ethnic stock is Celtic, with an admixture of Norse, French, Norman and English.因为其种族的同一性，历史上的爱尔兰一直没有种族冲突。
There are no significant ethnic minorities. Historically Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its racial homogeneity.爱尔兰有四大不寻常的人口特征：Ireland has four unusual demographic features:(1)结合整个世纪的迁移而形成的低出生率；a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration,(2)晚婚(男性35岁，女性29岁)；a late marriage age (35 for men and 29 for women),(3)人口中男性过剩；an excess of males in the population .(4)人口中各种年龄的独身男女占高比例。
a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages.1845年开始的大饥荒标志着爱尔兰社会历史的一个时代结束和另一个时代的开始。
The year 1845, when the Great Famine began, marks the end of one era and the beginning of another in the social history of Ireland.在人口自然下降的基础上雪上加霜的是同样历史悠久的人口外迁浪潮。
从1845年起，赤贫的人们跳上任何一艘能运载他们渡过爱尔兰海或大西洋的船只。
约有6百万人离开了爱尔兰。
To natural decrease was added a flow of emigration almost as long.From 1845 onward the desperately poor sought any ship that could carry them across the Irish Sea or the Atlantic. some 6 million people are estimated to have left Ireland in the century following the Great Famine.爱尔兰自由邦建立后 (1921年)，移民锐减。
After the establishment of the Irish Free State (1921), emigration showed a sharp decline.爱尔兰有两种官方语言：爱尔兰语(凯尔特语)和英语。
There are two official languages in Ireland. They are Irish (or Gaelic) and English,爱尔兰是欧洲最为信奉天主教的国家。
美国约有一半的天主教主教是爱尔兰裔。
Ireland is one of the most Catholic countries of Europe. About half the Catholic bishops in the United States are of Irish origin.爱尔兰圣公会是最大的非天主教教派。
尽管天主教占绝对优势，但很少发生反对非天主教徒的宗教歧视。
The Anglican Church of Ireland is the largest non-Catholic denomination，Despite the Catholic predominance, there is very little religious discrimination against non-Catholics.Ⅳ.历史背景 Historical Background在史前时代，爱尔兰遭受许多凯尔特部落的入侵，最重要的是盖尔人。
约公元前4世纪他们抵达此岛，征服了北方的皮克特人和南方的爱兰人部落(这是爱尔兰名称的来源)，后来他们定居下来建立了繁荣的盖尔文明。
Ireland was invaded by a number of Celtic tribes in prehistoric times. The most important were the Gaels. They arrived in the island about the 4th century BC. They conquered the Picts in the north and the Erainn tribe (from whom the name Ireland is derived) in the south. Then they settled down to establish a flourishing Gaelic civilization.爱尔兰历史上最重要的事件或许是公元432年圣帕特里克来到爱尔兰岛，并把此岛变成学问中心和基督教文化中心。