直接变间接

普宁市勤建学校九年级英语学科学案直接引语变间接引语设计人：Miss Lei审核人：_______________班级__________姓名____________座号_______家长签名________________ 一．概念直接引述别人的原话, 叫做直接引语; 用自己话转述别人的话, 叫做间接引语。

间接引语一般构宾语从句。

直接引语必须放在引号内(引号内第一个首字母要大写), 间接引语则不用引号。

如：直接：“I want the blue one.” he told us.间接：He told us that he wanted the blue one.二．直接引语变间接引语（一）如何变人称：口诀：一主。

二宾，三不变。

“一主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ”→She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.“二宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如果引号外的主句没有宾语。

也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时。

如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said, “J ack is a good boy.”→Mr Smith said Jack was a good boy.（二）、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态；She said: “ I am a student. ” →She said (that) she was a student.2)一般将来时→过去将来时She said, "He will go to see his friend.”→She said he would go to see his friend。

Tom said, “I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”→Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.3) 现在进行时→过去进行时；She said ,“I am reading a book.”→She said she was reading a book.【注意：以下几种情况时态不变】①直接引语是客观真理。

The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun .”→ The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”→Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

如：Jack said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980."→Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：He said, “I get up at six every morning。

”→He said he gets up at six every morning.⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could, should, would, might）The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.”→The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，例：ought to， had better, used toPeter said. "You had better come here today."→Peter said I had better go there that day.(三)、如何变状语：直接引语间接引语today that daythis morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc.yesterday the day before, the previous day(the) day before yesterday two days beforetomorrow the next day, the following day(the) day after tomorrow two days after, in two days’ timenext week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc.last week/month the week/month beforenow then（四）、如何变句型：①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.He said, "Can you swim, John?“→He asked John if he could swim."Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?”→ She asked me when they had their dinner.She asked me, "What was Jack doing when I come in?”→She asked me what Jack was doing when she came in.④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。

如：1."Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the students.→She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise.2.“Open the door, please," said she.→She asked him to open the door.⑤直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）”如：He said, "Let's go to the movies."→He suggested going to the movies.或He suggested that they should go to see the movies.【随堂练习】一．填空1.Tom says, “ I am late for class.”→Tom said ____ ______ late for class.2. Amy says, “ I am going to have a party for you .”Amy said _____ ____ going to have a party for me .3. The boy says,“ I will go home after school.”The boy said ___ ______ go home after school.4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.”Jack said ____ father ____ a doctor.5. The girl says, “I can speak English.”The girl said she ______ speak English.二、完成句子1. Tony said, “I can play the violin.”Tony said _______________________2. Tanya said, “Carol is studying Japanese.”Tanya said_______________________3. They said, “We’re going to Sam’s house.”They said_________________________4. Sus an said, “I’m very hungry.”Susan said___________________5. Bob told me he could do Chinese kung fu. (变为直接引语)_________________________________6. “I am playing chess,”said Robert. (变为间接引语)______________________________7. Our science teacher said, “Light travels faster than sound.”(变为间接引语)______________________________________________________三．单项选择( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A. if you are free the next weekB. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.A. where was he fromB. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come backD. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the carD. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me ___________?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in( )6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left ( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risesD. had risen( )8. I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he getB. why he getsC. why does he getD. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see __________.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter( )10. He asked his father _______.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking( )13.They don't know _______their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which( )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ─Sorry, I've no idea.A./, boughtB. has, boughtC. did, buyD. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,otherD. what, another( )16. ─Could you tell me ______? ─Yes. He ____ to the USA.A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has beenD. where he was/ has gone( )17. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.A. you have/ will rainB. you will have/ will rainC. you will have/ rainsD. will you have/ rains( )18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.A. finds/ arrivesB. finds/ will arriveC. will find/ will arriveD. will find/ arrives ( )19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster’s desk.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what( )20. He asked me _______.A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ___ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. thatB. howC. whatD. if( )22. You must remember _______.A. what your teacher saidB. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said whatD. what has your teacher said( )23. I don’t know ______ .A. which room I can liveB. which room can I liveC. which room I can live inD. which room can I live in( )24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ? －Sorry , I don’t . When he _______back , Ill tell you .A. comes; comesB. comes; will comeC. will come; comesD. will come; will come ( )25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will take( )26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenD. had never been( )27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.A. hadB. hasC. will haveD. are( )28. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that( )29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. where( )30. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how。