翻译：2020届上海各区高三一模分类汇编
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作(含答案)(精校版)
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.【答案】The Zeiguvnik Effect is that you always remember unfinished matter, which can be well used. The effect helps you overcome procrastination and have a good start. The effect is effective for students to improve recall and remember things better. It also encourage people to finish work and improve psychological well-being. It can influence us positively in all aspect.【解析】要点中需要包括：1.The Zeigarnik Effect的定义2.三个好处容易出现的问题：主旨句不清晰；语言不够精炼。
2020届上海各区一模-Guided Wiriting 专题汇总
Guided Writing【1. 静安区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit” 的英语演讲比赛，请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一个事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神；2. 你获得的启发及感受。
（注意：请勿出现真实的姓名与学校）【2. 普陀区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.如今，许多家长焦虑地守在孩子身边、密切关注孩子一举一动，被称之为“直升机父母(Helicopter parents)”，还有“扫雪机父母(Snowplow parents)”,轰隆隆地扫除孩子通往成功路上的所有障碍，让孩子免遭失败、挫折。
对此，学校校刊特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名投稿，用身边的例子描述这两类家长，并谈谈对此的看法。
【3. 杨浦区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际（自身或他人的例子），谈谈你对于“舒适圈”的看法。
CONFIDENTFAMILIARAVERAGESATISFIEDZone【4. 崇明区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--完型填空--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Amazon Inc. is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market. The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third-party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, Amazon China. __42__, domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long __43__ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to __44__ in the face of competition from China’s faster-moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to __45__ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor, NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock-for-stock transaction(交易), according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from __46__ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those __47__, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained __48__ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon China’s president would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer-business team will report __49__ to the company’s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the __50__ of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash-on-delivery as their top form of __51__. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) __52__ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross-border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEaseKaola’s 25% __53__ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall International.Chinese consumers are becoming more fascinated with __54__ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market Research’s founder, said American e-commerce giants __55__ obstacles in China because they hadn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.41. A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42. A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition43. A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44. A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive45. A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply46. A. time-consuming B. long-suffering C. ever-lasting D. consumer-facing47. A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48. A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49. A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly50. A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation51. A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade52. A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant53. A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum54. A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55. A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came acrossKeys: 41-45 CACBB 46-50 DADBC 51-55 BDACDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewerthan 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were ___41___, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the ___42___ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of ___43___ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the ___44___ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next ___45___, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the ___46___ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale fr om “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to a language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is ___47___ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of ___48___ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in ___49___ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously ___50___ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. ___51___, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also ___52___ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers, most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend ___53___ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural ___54___ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to ___55___ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardize Keys: 41-45 CDBCC 46-50 CCDAC 51-55 CDCCCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The networked computer is an amazing device. It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of ___41___ (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). ___42___, the computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.But for all the reasons there are to ___43___ the computer, we must also act with caution. This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active ___44___—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.All animals download, but only a few upload anything besides faces and their own bodies. Humans are ___45___ in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous( 过剩的) material goods (paintings, sculpture and architecture) and superfluous experiences (music, literature, religion and philosophy). ___46___, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but ___47___ to move beyond downloading is to rob oneself of a defining ingredient of humanity.Despite the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still ___48___ download mode, brought about by television watching. Even after the ___49___ of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just ___50___.The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to ___51___ the flow caused by TV viewing, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading. The computer offers the opportunity to bring about a complete ___52___ from the culture of television and a shift from a consumption model to a production model. This is a historic opportunity. Fifty years of television dominance has given birth to an unhealthy culture. The ___53___ is now in our collective grasp. It involves controlling our intake, or downloading, and ___54___ our levels of activity—uploading.Of course people will still download. Nobody uploads more than a tiny percentage of the culture they consume. But using the networked computer as a download-only device, or even a download-mainly device, is a ___55___ opportunity that history affords us. Therefore, the goal must be to establish a balance between consumption and production.41. A. celebration B. conversations C. reception D. ceremonies42. A. Without doubt B. In return C. In particular D. By contrast43. A. liberate B. celebrate C. concern D. reject44. A. request B. support C. defense D. creation45. A. unique B. familiar C. efficient D. loyal46. A. In addition B. In fact C. For instance D. By the way47. A. striving B. comparing C. failing D. attempting48. A. optimistic about B. unfamiliar with C. stuck in D. ashamed of49. A. transformation B. emergence C. encounter D. maintenance50. A. consume B. neglect C. combine D. innovate51. A. enhance B. quicken C. reverse D. extend52. A. outcome B. exposure C. break D. evolution53. A. puzzle B. cure C. regret D. favor54. A. analysing B. maintaining C. featuring D. increasing55. A. wasted B. treasured C. multiplied D. revised Keys: 41-45 CABDA 46-50 BCCBA 51-55 CCBDAIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top ___41___ are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it ___42___. “There’s the situation, how we ___43___ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. ____44____ experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age. “A high school student or a college student might not have those ___45___ skills and might let a situa tion get out of hand,” he adds.Most ___46___have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones （激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental ___47___. To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.____48___, the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies haveshown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a(n) ___49___ home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life ___50___ actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals’ under-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble ___51___ when it really matters. It can be just as ___52___ as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Thou gh the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early - life neglect or suffering ___53___ the body’s stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can ___54___ parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association ___55___. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. between animals B. in humans C. with society D. of importanceKeys: 41-45 ABDCA 46-50 ABBCD 51-55 ADCDBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD report, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers is___41___, if prosperity is to be maintained. That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally ___42___ the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a ___43___ in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but ___44___ is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal. ___45___, the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require ___46___, rather than manual, labour. Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to ___47___. That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age. ___48___, the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.However, companies are gradually ___49___ pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be ___50___. The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more ___51___. They need to keep working.Older workers may feel ___52___, particularly when it comes to promotion. Two issues seem to hold ___53___ back. The first is that older workers tend to ___54___ higher salaries, because of the seniority system. The second is a ___55___ of skills；one in three 55 to 65-year-olds inOECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.41. A. shortsighted B. vital C. adequate D. unnecessary42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D. motivation45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D. routine47. A. proceed B. continue C. persist D. quit48. A. In conclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removed51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional D. practical52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. setKeys: 41- 45 BADBD 46-50 ADCAB 51-55 BDAACIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The expression, "everybody's doing it," is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a(n) ___41___ way as a larger group. This influence can be negative or positive, andcan exist in both large and small groups.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly ___42___ that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, and the fear of ___43___, is such a powerful force in many people's lives. This instinct drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine" when a stranger asks "how are you?" even if it is not necessarily true. There is a(n) ___44___ aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that ___45___ day-to-day interaction between people.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes a(n) ___46___: in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to ___47___ their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that ___48___ criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel ___49___ to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to ___50___ the peers.However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at ___51___ may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of ___52___ can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so ___53___ that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with a(n) ___54___ is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, and whether the real ___55___ is simply that everyone else is doing the same thing.41. A. traditional B. similar C. peculiar D. opposite42. A. understandable B. believable C. acceptable D. surprising43. A. disapproval B. failure C. absence D. independence44. A. uncertain B. practical C. impossible D. vague45. A. promotes B. prevents C. simplifies D. increases46. A. challenge B. inspiration C. promise D. addiction47. A. recognize B. abandon C. decrease D. define48. A. avoid B. encourage C. decline D. punish49. A. pressured B. respected C. delighted D. regretted50. A. catch sight of B. stay away from C. make fun of D. keep up with51. A. competitions B. interaction C. academics D. adaptation52. A. knowledge B. interest C. assistance D. influence53. A. abstract B. ridiculous C. subtle D. reasonable54. A. consciousness B. motivation C. instinct D. encouragement55. A. motivation B. danger C. support D. achievementKeys: 41-45 BDABC 46-50 DBBAD 51-55 CDCCAIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be ___41___ to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption, ___42___, as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can ___43___ help to make things better.One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping(剥) them of their bark(树皮). Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious ___44___, set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned ___45___, to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively ___46___ fire. To keep things consistent, he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树), in all three zones. He picked marulas because they areparticular ___47___ of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to ___48___ from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they ___49___ the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their ___50___, they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost ___51___ during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial(两年一次的) burn zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were ___52___ re-grew only 72%.The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to ___53___ tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the biennial burn zone and three in the annual zone developed ants’ nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees’ wounds by killing ants that might ___54___ colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually ___55___ to sick ones.41. A. difficult B. reasonable C. necessary D. awful42. A. however B. therefore C. furthermore D. somehow43. A. uniquely B. barely C. actually D. merely44. A. phenomenon B. evidence C. imagination D. assumption45. A. equally B. regularly C. severely D. purposely46. A. burnt with B. protected from C. covered by D. exposed to47. A. participants B. partners C. victims D. friends48. A. mark B. remove C. hit D. measure49. A. regulated B. checked C. healed D. monitored50. A. disappointment B. surprise C. joy D. relief51. A. vitality B. height C. bark D. strength52. A. controlled B. prevented C. started D. boosted53. A. disturb B. promote C. impact D. quicken54. A. therefore B. nevertheless C. then D. otherwise55. A. beneficial B. unbelievable C. effective D. cruelKeys: 41-45 BACDB 46-50 BCBDB 51-55 CBADAIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is Crucial With consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how do you convince shoppers to buy your narrative (叙述), let alone your product?A recent report by TrustRadius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors (供应商), may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully ___41___ about their products.Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics(策略) is increasing. ___42___, according to the report, most consumers trust online peer ___43___ as much as recommendations from friends — and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more ___44___ than a brand ambassador(大使) from an out-of-reach personality.Transparency(透明度) is crucial. The report found that there is a large trust ___45___ between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors ___46___ to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process — but only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be ___47___ — they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can ___48___the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more ___49___. 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.Along with the combination of fake news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have beenfake reviews as well. Review sites have been ___50___giving preferential (优惠的) treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning (有辨别力的), as a result. ___51___, review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second-to-second basis. When brands treat every ___52___ with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to delivering a valued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure ___53___, and often, these customers will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the ___54___ of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting-edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open ___55___ with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.41. A. nervous B. honest C. careful D. particular42. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However43. A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D. instructions44. A. weight B. risks C. warnings D. burdens45. A. relationship B. influence C. gap D. extension46. A. refuse B. hesitate C. desire D. claim47. A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D. unique48. A. consider B. offer C. select D. exercise49. A. efficient B. profitable C. human D. responsible50. A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D. criticized for51. A. On the contrary B. In fact C. By contrast D. In a word52. A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D. appointment53. A. safety B. loyalty C. convenience D. employment54. A. money B. choice C. habit D. voice55. A. dialogue B. debate C. competition D. contract。
高中英语 2020年上海各区一模重点词汇汇编(适合高三巩固提高)
【2020年宝山一模】
一词多性
衍生词
拼写单词
【2020年崇明区高考英语一模】
一词多义和一词多性
衍生词
【2020年奉贤区一模】奉贤区高考一模
名词
介词
versus prep. 对，对抗，与….相比副词
【2020年黄浦高考英语一模】
重点词组搭配或者四字成语
一词多义
名词
副词
【2020年嘉定区高考英语一模】重点单词和四字成语
一词多义和一词多性
衍生词
形容词
副词
【2020年静安区高考英语一模】
一词多义
名词
副词
动词
【2020年闵行区高考英语一模】
一词多义
名词
形容词
【2020年浦东区高考英语一模】重点词组
一词多义
重点单词
【2020年普陀区一模】普陀区
重点词组
重点单词
【2020年普陀区高考英语一模】重点词组
重点单词
副词
【2020年松江区英语一模】高考一模重点词汇
名词
动词
【2020年徐汇区高考英语一模】徐汇区
一词多义
重点单词名词
动词
形容词
副词
【2020年杨浦区高考英语一模】
一词多义
重点单词名词
动词
副词。
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—六选四(含答案)(精校版)
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—六选四（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Is Multitasking Always Good?Not only do smartphones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and lawmakers have stepped in. (67)________ In Honolulu, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.(68)________ You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things— for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand-held phone while still allowing hands-free calls. Yet hands-free or hand-held makes no difference. (69)________ The real problem is the switch of attention between the conversation and the road, and that affects performance.People sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities.A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studyingthink that they can still comprehend the material they're studying.People don't multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. (70)_________ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least, be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others They need to pay attention to how much— or how little—they are paying attention.【答案】67C, 68A, 69E, 70B【解析】67.空格前后两句都是在讲开车时用手机的事情，所以选择C选项，在这里用手机是被禁止的68. 从空格后面说你需要自我管理来看，前面是在说法律有些东西是管不了的69. E选项中的代词they代指前面的hands-free or hand-held70. 前面说人们看到这件事情的好处，所以空格这里应该介绍具体的好处，所以是BTwo【黄浦区】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing, and opening data upto companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. ___67___ This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita(人均的) carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. ___68___ This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___ Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient―and often healthier―forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. ___70___ The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.【答案】67D, 68E, 69F, 70B【解析】67.抓住空格后This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline中的that deadline，选入的选项中应该有表示最后期限的信息。
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编--翻译(含答案)(精校版)
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编--翻译(含答案)(精校版)ns: XXX into English。
using the words given in the brackets.72.他们决定不再继续这个项目，因为它已经走向失败。
(decide)73.这个城市的历史可以追溯到2000多年前。
(trace)74.这个计划需要更多的时间和人力资源来完成。
(require)75.我们应该在工作中保持专注，以免出现错误。
(prevent)答案】72.They decided to abandon the project as it was heading towards failure.73.The history of this city can be traced back more than 2000 years.74.This plan requires more time and XXX.75.We should stay focused at work to XXX.72.Why not have a cup of coffee to perk up?73.As New Year's Day approaches each year。
people often XXX.72.In some places。
XXX.73.Global warming has left XXX.74.I have XXX.75.XXX.74.The aim of the "Urban Public XXX" event is to raise public awareness of XXX.75.I really XXX。
he is quite friendly and amiable.ns: XXX.XXX over the past few years。
(steady)XXX(implement)78.The teacher gave us a lot of homework。
2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--中英翻译--学生版(已校对)
V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。
(convince)73.如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。
(sort)74.这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。
(feature)75.正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。
(It)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 选举的结果很快便在全世界传播开了。
(spread)73. 警察告知了他们那场导致他们儿子受伤的交通事故。
(which)74. 太多的数据会使我们很难判断错误是由哪个数据引起的。
(difficult)75. 任何处理复杂问题的人都可能因为没有全面了解挑战而受到指责，虽然事先了解一切是不可能的。
(blame)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
(remain)73. 完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性。
(incapable)74. 由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。
(shortage)75. 如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力。
2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--语法填空--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
前言：2019学年也就是2020届上海各区高三第一次质量检测试卷（一模）语法填空部分已经全部校对完成，共查出5处文字错误，已经追溯求源对比原文改正。
格式问题已经全部整理成纯word形式，不含特殊格式。
大家可以直接下载打印使用。
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomsAmerican schools are going high-tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, note books —even classrooms (21) ______ —are quickly becoming outdated.As thi s week marks The Huffington Post’s 10th anniversary, we’ll take a look at some products that (22) ______ (introduce) to classrooms in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) ______ (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) ______ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25) ______ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) ______ “go” to s chool via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks” can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) ______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. Glass Lab creates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’ progress as well as suggestions on (28) ______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet an d other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’re often distracting, (29) ______ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) ______ (personalize), — and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.Keys:21. themselves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if 25. hoping26. can 27. which 28. what /the 29. but 30. personalizedⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) ______ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) ______ (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) ______ (much) comfort.Some (24) ______ argue that the aisle(走廊)seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) ______seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) ______ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll s eize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) ______ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, o r golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) ______ ______ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) ______ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ______ keep me coming back, flight after flight, to my window seat.Keys:21. when / where 22. booking 23. more 24. may / do 25. within / in26. won’t need27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink / shrinking 30. whatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A New Hero is Here to Save the DayIt’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power, he or she must endure loneliness and suffering as a result. The Flash(闪电侠), however, makes a fun, lightning-quick and optimistic superhero. After the wild success of TV series Arrow, a TV network launched The Flash, (21) ______ (show) the image of this Superhero, who was only a supporting character in Arrow.Like Spiderman, who gained the ability to make webs and climb walls after he (22) ______(bite) by a spider, Barry Allen in The Flash was shocked into superhero-status by accident. A strike from a lightning put Allen into a nine-month unconscious state, and when he emerged, he found himself (23) ______ (equip) with super speed.Naturally, Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash, a hero (24) ______ extreme speed to fight super-powered bad guys. But the Flash also has other purposes, namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.In line with superhero series standards, The Flash features action and eye-popping special effects. There’s nothing terribly innovative here, bu t (25) ______ we do get is a unique superhero with a more unusual personality. (26) ______ ______ Allen has gone through unpleasant childhood experience, in this show he grows into a superhero (27) ______ powers include optimism. He’s got a group of scient ists that not only save his life, but also provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary (28) ______ (fight) crime.A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as a bad character, who uses a gun that (29) ______ turn anything into ice. US shows began their entrance into the Chinese market with Friends, but Prison Break pushed interest in US TV series to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting. Now Miller’s back to act in The Flash.(30) ______ is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Break fans to revisit their old favorit e, although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).Keys:21. showing 22. was bitten/had been bitten 23. equipped 24. with 25. what26. Even though/if 27. whose 28. to fight 29. can 30. ItII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _______ I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn’t have the c ourage (22) _______ (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _______ a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _______ the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _______ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _______ _______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I b ecame the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into t he clinic’s (27) _______ (crowd) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) _______ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) _______ (rescue) in one way or another.Keys:21. that 22. to watch 23. when 24. where 25. sewing26. Even if/Even though 27. crowded 28. myself. 29.at 30. had been rescuedII. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. (21) _________ (inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure —a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations (22) ________ (come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23) ________ (translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24) ________(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) __________. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26) __________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27) _______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the s tories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28) _______ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29) _______ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30) _______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was t hat the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.Keys:21. Inspired 22. to come 23. has been translated 24. sold 25. themselves 26. when 27. Though/Although/While 28. despite 29. because 30. what/whateverⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time.And (21) ______ more Americans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime(22) ______ we eating together, 74%, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?”Bechtel said, (23) ______ (look) up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often (24) ______ (work)through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on (25)______ shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself,”she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis (26) ______ he wants to have a little interaction. “I reflect on(27) ______ myday's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work (28) ______ (refresh) and with a plan.''That freedom (29) ______ (choose) is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demer itt, (30) ______ company provided the statistics for the report.Keys:21. like 22. are 23. looking 24. works 25. the26. if/when 27. how 28. refreshed 29. to choose 30. whoseII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ancient Myth---A Hit With Modern AudiencesThis summer’s surprise hit at movie theaters across China was the re-telling of the ancient myth of Nezha. The animated film (21) ______ (take) in over four billion yuan at the box office and become one of the country’s most successful films ever. It proved that China could produce animated films comparable to (22) ______ produced in Hollywood and Japan.The film, directed by Yang Yu, was a massive undertaking(任务) from start to finish. He spent two years writing the script(剧本) and three more years making a film which required the efforts of 1,600 animators. But for Yang, it was a way to prove to himself that he (23) ______ change his fate and inspire others to change their fate as well.“I used to suffer from a lot of prejudice after changing my career,” said Yang, “Since then I have thought about making an animated film to encourage young people to persist in their dreams.”(24) ______ (convey) the message that “your fate is in your own hands,” Yang made some changes to the original myth. Nezha was born a devil(恶魔), (25) ______ (fate) to cause mischief(恶作剧), but he decides to overcome his fate and to save the people of his hometown from being destroyed by Ao Bing, the third son of the Dragon King.(26) ______ the ancient myth being very clear about the differences between the good and the bad guys, in Yang’s film, all of the characters are treated with empathy, and even the “bad” people are also victims of their fate, (27) ______, actually, have the potential to change and become good.Over the years, I have come across a few students labeled as “devils.” Although some misbehaved simply (28) ______ they were not mature enough, others were trouble-making and uncooperative when they were in a bad mood. Those students need to know they were not doomed to be bad. As they grew up, they would have the power to change their circumstances.If you have seen Nezha, you know (29) ______ a terrific, entertaining film it is. But an important lesson is also conveyed in the film (30) ______ we should not judge ourselves or others too harshly, so as not to allow those negative judgments to control our fate.Keys:21. has taken 22. those 23.could 24.To convey 25. fated26. Despite 27. who 28. because 29. what 30. thatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche (21) ______ (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury thebottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches (22) ______be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers (诱发因素) can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives (23) ______ (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, (24) ______ snowfall is greatest. As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict — and often prevent — avalanches from (25) ______ (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places (26) ______ massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. (27) ______ it’s possible to dig out of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself (28) ______ (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging (29) ______ farther under the snow rather than to the top!Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around you (30) ______ (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.Keys:21. will vary / varies 22. can 23. have been known /are known 24. when 25. occurring 26. with 27. While/Though/Although 28. buried 29. themselves 30. to createII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21) ______ (create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22) ______ (develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23) ______ helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24) ______ (group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25) ______ she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26) ______ (connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27) ______ venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding camp aign in March last year to support her Timeless app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28) ______ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29) ______ because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to mak e kids put their ideas into action,”she said “(30) ______ ______ ______ you get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”Keys:21. has created 22. developing 23.that 24. to be grouped 25. where26. connected 27. but 28.whose 29. themselves 30. As long asII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community (21) _______ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects (22) _______ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from (23) _______ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than (24) _______ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones (25) ________ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native (26) ________ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population (27) ________ (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population (28) ________ (migrate) to New Zealand.(29) _________ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s(30) ________ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.Keys:21. because/since/as 22. that/ which 23. what 24. (had been) expected 25. must26. to 27. was wiped 28. to migrate 29. Though/ Although/While 30. rarestII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Climbing the world's highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu's mind as a 25-year-old in 1974, when he played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) ______ at least get a tree health check-up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848-metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite (冻伤)after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) ______ he later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ______ (invite) to assess Xia's condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) ______ to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) ______ (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) ______ (diagnose) with lymphoma(淋巴瘤).He had to undergo another round of amputation(截肢), losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world's highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche(雪崩) (27) ______ had killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double-amputee climbers on Qomolongma inDecember 2017, but it didn't last long after a protest (28) ______ a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) ______ (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) ______ he had imagined it would be. “I had thought when I finally reached the summit, I would shout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, 1 just felt calm," Xia said.Keys:21.could 22. that 23. invited 24. himself 25. waking26. was diagnosed 27. that/which 28. from 29. to climb 30. how/whatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Killer RabbitsYou’d never think of rabbits as dreadful, destructive creatures, would you? Rabbits are cute and loveable. However, Australians discovered (21) ________ harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running around large estates, and in 1859, disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he (22) ________ have thought that was harmless fun. But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23) ________(adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the diseases that kept their populations (24) ________ control in Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well, rabbits, and began to take over the countryside. Within a few decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were 600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm. They caused more damage than any other species introduced to the continent. They ate native plant species (25) ________ they disappeared. They competed for food and shelter with native animals. They caused the extinction。
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V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.无论时走路、骑车还是开车，遵守交通规则都很重要。
（follow)73.只有发展好、运用好、治理好互联网，才能使其更好地造福人类。
（Only)74.鼓励你，给你建议，并提出有建设性的问题的人被称作人生教练或导师。
（helpful)75.生命充满了挑战，但是只要你有学习新事物的意愿，就能得到克服障碍的正确态度。
（willingness)72. Whether you walk, cycle or drive a car, it’s important to follow the rules of the road.73. Only by developing, using and governing the internet well can it benefit mankind.74. A person who encourage you, give you advice and asks helpful questions is called life coaching or mentor.75. Life is full of changes, but a willingness to learn something new gives people the right attitude for overcoming obstacles.2020崇明一模V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
（curiosity)73.我们最好分析一下公司最近几年发展减缓的原因。
（analyze)74.人人都该意识到，减少人类活动对环境的负面影响是很有必要的。
（it)75.我决心已定，无论你怎么劝我，我也不会同意放弃这个通过夜以继日的努力工作才获得的机会。
（however)72. Out of curiosity, Jack asked the villagers about the history of the castle.73. We’d better analyze(the reasons) why our company’s development has slowed down in recent years.We’d better analyze the reasons for the slow-down of our company’s development these years.74. Everyone should realize that it’s quite necessary to reduce the negative effect that human activity has on the environment.75. I have made up my mind, however you try to persuade me, I won’t agree to give up the opportunity that I got after working hard day and night.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.面对紧急情况时，他是多么的冷静啊！ (How)73.致力于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物，人人有责。
(commit)74.看到挂满枝头鲜红嫩绿的果实，他们不禁心生欢喜。
(can’t help)75.当政府开始号召人们进行垃圾分类时，人们才意识到这是迈向保护环境的重要一步。
(Only)72. How calm he was when (he was) faced with emergent situations/the emergency!73. It is everyone’s duty to be committed to protecting the endangered marine life.74. At the sight of the fruits with brilliant colors hanging on the branches, theycouldn’t help feeling admiring them.75. Only when the government called on the citizens to classify garbage did theyrealize that it was an important step towards protecting the environment.2020虹口一模Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。
(convince)73.如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。
(sort)74.这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。
(feature)75.正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。
(It)72.(3分) 导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。
(convince)The tour guide convinced the tourists thatmany / quite a few European towns / towns in Europewere really / definitely / indeed / well worth seeing / visiting / a visit.73.（3分）如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登陆相关网站进行查询。
(sort)If you don’t knowhow to sort the household wastes / trash / rubbish, you’d better / might as wellconsult / refer to / make inquiries / inquire about themon a relevant website. (If you don’t know：0.5分；you’d better / might as well：0.5分)74.（4分）这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。
(feature)The / This newly-released movie features how the tiniest incidents in our lifecan have an impact / effect on what our life will be like / the course of our life.75.（5分）正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。
(It)It isbecause a large number of fitness / jogging / hiking trails have been put into usethatmore and more Shanghai citizens get / become engaged in / take (up) / do / take part inregular outdoor exercise / regular exercise outdoorsand 10,000 steps a day has become a new urban trend / fashion.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
(remain)73. 完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性。
(incapable)74. 由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。
(shortage)75. 如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力。
(so ... that)72. These security measures will remain to be implemented until the beginning of next month.73.Self perfection is an abstract ideal, incapable of motivating some students to fight against the laziness.74.Due to/owing to/because of the shortage of trained teachers, it is difficult for some American schools to join in the competition of Chinese teaching.75.At present, patients can so easily download their medical records that they obtain information such as test results, greatly saving time and manpower.2020嘉定一模Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.有些地方因污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病。