翻译中常见的修辞格
修辞格的翻译方法

修辞格的翻译方法修辞格一般都具有形式独特新颖、内容丰富、功能生动鲜明等特点。
翻译英语修辞格力求译文能有效地再现原文的精神和风格。
英译汉中常见的修辞格,包括音韵修辞格、词义修辞格、句法修辞格等,本文着重介绍了修辞格的翻译方法,包括直译、加注、意译法、替换法、归化、切分等,并通过一些实例来阐述。
一般说来,修辞格的翻译原则是形似不如神似重要,因为英汉两种语言在修辞手法修辞格的翻译上存在许多差异,为了使译文符合译入语的语言规范和表达习惯。
总的来说,英语修辞格的译法主要有直译、加注、意译、归化、切分、数种译法并用等。
(一)直译法在英汉两种语言的修辞手法和比喻形象无甚差异的情况下,就可采用直译。
直译既可传达原文的意义,又可保持原文的修辞风格,丰富译文的语言表达能力。
His present hunger awoke and gnawed at him.这会儿,他肚子里的饥饿又苏醒过来撕咬着他。
(二)加注法加注也是丰富译文语言表达的一种有效方法。
它既能传达原文的意思和神韵,又能扩展读者的知识面,尤其原文所用的典故在上下文中起比较重要的作用时,使用加注能收到比较好的效果。
Christ,to hear some of th ose sailor’s myths,you’dthink bloody Fort know was on every ship that sailed.天哪,要是听信有些水手的胡说八道,你会以为每条出海的船上都有该死的诺克斯堡哩。
(注:诺克斯堡是美国一个军事保留地,是美国黄金仓库的所在地。
)(三)意译法由于许多英语修辞手法或比喻形象本身是特有的,如保留其形象就会危害其义。
如英语的头韵法,其搭配可以千变万化,很难碰巧找到这样的汉语搭配,即使勉强凑韵,也不一定能表达原文的意思。
在这种情况下,必须首先保证译文能正确传达原文的思想内容,然后尽一切可能去表现原文的节奏和旋律。
safe and sound安然无恙now and never机不可失(1)He is the mouth of the House in its relations with the crown.他是议会对王室的发言人。
修辞格翻译

拟人(Personification) 拟人(Personification)
拟人就是把动物和没有生命的事物当成有思想感 情的人类来描写,甚至让它们具有人的行为。这 些事物可以是无生命的实体,还可以是抽象的概 念, 如:a smiling moon(微笑的月亮),a 如:a moon(微笑的月亮),a crying city(哭泣的城市),to strangle justice city(哭泣的城市),to (扼杀正义)等。 英汉两种语言中都有这种修辞手法,在翻译的时 候一般可采取直译的方法再现原文的生动形象。
3)We must work to live, and they give us such mean wages that we die. (Oscar Wilde, The Young King) King) 我们不得不做工来养活自己,可是他们只给我们那么少的 工钱,我们简直活不下去。 (巴金译) 4)Nay, he said—yes you did—deny it if you can, that said— did— you would not have confessed the truth, though master had cut you to pieces. (Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, A Foundling) Foundling) 他还说——你是这么说的,有本事你就抵赖好了。你还说, 他还说——你是这么说的,有本事你就抵赖好了。你还说, 就是老师把你剁成肉酱,你也绝不招出实情。(萧乾译)
修辞格翻译(2 修辞格翻译(2)
转喻(Metonymy) 转喻(Metonymy)
转喻就是借与人或事物有关联的事物来指代人或事物。根 据上下文,既可以直译,也 可以意译。首先请看下面的例句: 1)Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? 生命当真如此可贵,和平当真如此甜蜜,竟值得以枷锁和 奴役为代价去换取吗? 在这里,chains(枷锁)指代“束缚”,直译既可以保留 在这里,chains(枷锁)指代“束缚”,直译既可以保留 原文的感染力,又可以为读者理解。但并不是在所有情况 下直译都是最好选择,例如:John 下直译都是最好选择,例如:John spent many years in chains beforehe saw his family again. Chains 在这里指 代“囚禁”,若译成“约翰在枷锁中过了许多年才又见到 他的家人”则嫌不够自然,可意译成“约翰在监牢里呆了 很多年才又见到他的家人”。
翻译的修辞学研究

翻译的修辞学研究翻译的修辞学研究修辞学作为语言学的一个重要分支,研究语言的表达方式和技巧,强调对语言的修饰和操纵。
而翻译作为语言交流的重要手段,也离不开修辞的运用。
本文将探讨翻译中的修辞学问题,包括修辞手法在翻译中的运用、修辞转换以及翻译中的文化修辞等。
首先,翻译过程中的修辞手法是一种常见的翻译技巧。
修辞手法包括比喻、排比、对偶等,可以增加译文的表现力和感染力。
比喻是修辞手法中的常见手法,通过将源语中的某一词语或短语替换为一个与之相类似但并不相同的词语或短语,达到表达某种意思的效果。
在翻译中,适当运用比喻可以丰富译文的内涵,增加读者的阅读兴趣。
另外,排比和对偶也是修辞手法中常见的表达方式,它们通过逐步列举相似或相对的事物来达到增加译文的说服力和感染力的目的。
翻译时,译者可根据源语的修辞手法,选择适当的翻译策略,保持译文的修辞效果。
其次,修辞转换是翻译中的一种常见现象。
修辞转换指的是将源语中的修辞手法转换为目标语的修辞手法,以适应目标语的表达习惯和修辞传统。
修辞转换的目的是保持译文的修辞效果,使译文更符合读者的审美和习惯。
修辞转换的方式有很多种,如将比喻转换为成语、将拟人转换为拟声等。
例如,源语中的“象猫捉老鼠”这一比喻可以译为“如虎添翼”或者“如鱼得水”等成语,以保持修辞的力度和形象。
最后,翻译中的文化修辞是一种关键问题。
文化修辞指的是在翻译过程中,因不同语言和文化背景的差异,需要进行文化转换或修辞调整的情况。
在跨文化翻译中,文化修辞是一项困难而重要的任务。
译者需要对原文的修辞手法和文化内涵进行准确理解,选择合适的翻译策略。
文化修辞的重点在于传达源语的修辞意图,同时确保译文在目标语文化中的修辞效果和形象。
在翻译中,文化修辞的处理对于译文的品质和效果有着至关重要的影响。
总之,翻译和修辞学的关系密切。
修辞手法可以增强翻译的表现力和感染力,修辞转换可以保持源语修辞的效果并适应目标语的习惯,而文化修辞则是翻译中的一大难题。
英语常用修辞格的翻译

省略;Ellipsis
eg:妈妈让他洗碗,她就不洗。 译文:Mother tells her to wash the dishes, but she will not(do it)
移就;Transferred Epithet
把本来用以修饰人的形容词移属于同人有关的抽象物 或具体物,这种貌似错误、实为妙用的修辞格叫做 “移就”(Transferred Epithet),它通过词语巧妙 的“移植”,来取得常规搭配所无法得到的效果。
转喻;Metonymy
Biblioteka eg: 秃头站在白背心的略略正对面,弯了腰, 去研究背心上的文字。(鲁迅:《示众》) 译文:Baldy,standing almost directly opposite White Jerkin,stooped to study the characters written on his jerkin. 有时采用意译更为合适 eg: 英雄所见略同。 译文:Great minds think alike.
递升;Climax
把事物按由小到大、由短到长、由低到高、由轻到重、由近 到远、由易到难、由浅到深等次序说下去,这种修辞手法叫 递升,英语里称作 climax。运用这一修辞手法,能够使要表 达的思想逐步加深、感情逐步强化,因而能增强语言的说服 力和感染力。 eg:事情就是这样,他来进攻,我们把他消灭了,他就舒服了。 消灭一点,舒服一点;消灭得多,舒服得多;彻底消灭,彻 底舒服。( 毛泽东:《关于重庆谈判》) 译文:This is the way things are:if they attack and we wipe them out,they will have that satisfaction;wipe out some,some satisfaction;wipe out more,more satisfaction;wipe out the whole lot,complete satisfaction.
英语修辞的翻译

提喻 (synecdoche)
No one grasped you by the shoulder while there was still time; and naught will awaken in you the sleeping poet or musician or astronomer that possibly inhabited you from the begi得目瞪口呆的事。他体内充 满创造力的魔鬼不停地挣扎,挥舞魔爪又抓 又挖,试图冲出体外。魔鬼一边撕扯,一边 尖声狂叫,要他谱写藏于体内的乐曲。他遭 受这般折腾,可是他那可怜的脑袋和身躯却 没有被压跨,岂不奇哉怪也。
双关 (Pun)
--What does that lawyer do after he dies? --Lie still.
矛盾(Oxymoron)
3. Parting is such sweet sorrow. (Romeo) 别离是如此地又甜蜜又令人心酸。
4. We are terribly pleased to hear the good news. 我们听到这一好消息真是欣喜若狂。
委婉(Euphemism)
1. That luster has taken a fancy to Middle Eastern dancing. 那个好色之徒现在开始喜欢看肚皮舞。
也许你一生下来就具有成为诗人、音乐家或天 文学家的天赋,但在时间还不算晚的时候,没 有人拉你一把,时机一过,就再也无法唤醒在 你身上沉睡着的才能了。
转喻(Metonymy)
转喻又称借代。它故意不用需要说的人或 物的本称,而是借用与该人或物密切相关 的事物来代替。
“A figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.” (Webster’s New World Dictionary)
英语中所有26种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

英语修辞手法总结Figures of speech (修辞)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, orto create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech.1) Simile:(明喻)It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.2) Metaphor:(暗喻)It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the worldis a stage.3) Analogy: (类比)It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人)It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张) It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述) It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. Itachieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it,impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉) It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻)It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces).9) Synecdoche (提喻) It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or thewhole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressedin silks.10) Antonomasia (换喻)It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.11) Pun: (双关语) It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙) It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mindis figurative, and means to go mad.)13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配) It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, orapplying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)14) Irony: (反语) It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.15) Innuendo: (暗讽) It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.16) Sarcasm: (讽刺) It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.17) Paradox: (似非而是的隽语) It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰) It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).19) Antithesis: (对照) It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.20) Epigram: (警句) It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.21) Climax: (渐进) It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity,like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降)It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.23) Apostrophe: (顿呼) In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!24) Transferred Epithet: (转类形容词) It is a figure of speech where an epithet (anadjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleeplessnights on my project.25) Alliteration: (头韵) It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声) It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movementExplanation version1一、什么是修辞格修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。
英汉变异修辞比较与翻译

英汉变异修辞比较与翻译
英汉变异修辞比较是指英汉两种语言之间由于语言结构、文化背景等的不同而导致的修辞手法表达上的差异。
以下是一些常见的英汉变异修辞比较及翻译:
1.比喻
英文中,比喻多使用“like”、“as”等介词,而中文中则使用“像”、“如同”等词语。
比如:
•英文:She was as quick as a fox.(她像狐狸一样灵敏。
)
•中文:她像狐狸一样灵敏。
1.拟人
英文中,拟人化语言的使用更加自由,比如将物品、动物等赋予人类的特征。
中文中则相对较少使用,但也有类似表达。
比如:•英文:The flowers danced in the
breeze.(花儿在微风中起舞。
)
•中文:微风中,花儿舞动着身姿。
1.反语
英文中,反语的使用较为普遍,强调语气的变化来达到反语的效果。
中文中也有反语的使用,但是表现形式不同。
比如:•英文:I’m not the kind of person who gives up
easily.(我不是那种容易放弃的人。
)
•中文:我可不是那种容易放弃的人。
1.借代
英文中,常常使用借代,将事物代替人物进行描述。
中文中也有类似表达,但使用较少。
比如:
•英文:The sun smiled down on us.(阳光对我们微笑着。
)
•中文:太阳微笑着照耀着我们。
总之,英汉之间存在很多的变异修辞,不同语言之间的文化背景和语言结构的不同造就了不同的修辞表达。
翻译时,需要根据具体情境和表达方式来进行恰当的转化和表达。
英语常见修辞格分类总结

英语常见修辞格分类总结**《英语常见修辞格分类总结工作总结(一)》**在英语学习和使用中,修辞格的运用就像是给语言穿上了华丽的衣服,让表达变得更加生动有趣。
**一、明喻(Simile)让表达更加形象**我觉得明喻这个修辞格就像一个放大镜,能把事物的特点放大,让人们看得更清楚。
就像莎士比亚在他的作品中经常使用明喻,“Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?(我能否将你比作夏日?)”他把心爱的人比作夏天,夏天有着美好的阳光、温暖的气息,这样一比喻,我们就能深刻感受到他对爱人那种热烈的喜爱之情。
我自己在写英语作文或者描述事物的时候,也试着用明喻。
比如说描述一个很害羞的女孩,我会写“S he is like a timid little rabbit.(她就像一只胆小的小兔子)”。
这一下就能让读者在脑海中勾勒出这个女孩害羞的模样。
每次我用明喻的时候,就感觉像是在给读者画一幅画,把我看到的、感受到的,用一种很直观的方式传递给他们。
**二、隐喻(Metaphor)蕴含更深的含义**隐喻啊,它有点像一个神秘的宝藏盒。
表面上看只是普通的一句话,但里面却藏着很深的意义。
拿马丁·路德·金来说,他的演讲中就有很多隐喻。
他说“I have a dream that one da y this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to beself - evident, that all men are created equal.'(我有一个梦想,有一天这个国家会站起来,实现其信条的真正含义:我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的,即人人生而平等。
)”这里把美国这个国家的发展隐喻为一个人的“站起来”,暗示着国家走向平等和正义。
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翻译中常见的修辞格由于我们精通汉语,所以英语写作中有各种各样的修辞手法。
今天,我将向你介绍20种最常见的英语修辞格。
仔细体验它们,并尝试在您的作文中使用它们:1、Simile 明喻明喻是指具有共同特征的不同事物的比较,共同特征存在于人的内心而非事物的自然属性。
标志词常用:like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
举个例子1. I wandered lonely as astay dog.我像一只流浪狗一样孤独地四处漂泊。
2. Einstein likes to put a cloak on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 爱因斯坦喜欢披着斗篷,就好像刚刚从童话故事中走出来。
2、metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。
举个例子1. Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.希望是顿美好的早餐,但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。
2. Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书需要被“浅尝辄止”地阅读,另一些需要被“狼吞虎咽”般地阅读;很少一部分需要被“细嚼慢咽”地阅读。
3、metaphor 隐喻,暗喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.举个例子1. 以容器代替内容,例如:1)The kettle boils.水开了。
2)The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。
2. 以资料、工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。
3. 以代替作品,例如:a plete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集4. 以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。
4 、synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般。
举个例子1. There are about 100 hands working in his factory.他的厂里约有100名工人。
2. He is the Newton of this century. 他是本世纪的牛顿。
3. The fox goes very well with your cap. 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。
5、synesthesia 通感、联觉、移觉这种修辞法是以视、听、触、嗅、味等感觉直接描写事物.举个例子1. The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2. Taste the music of Mozart. 品尝Mozart的音乐。
6、personification 拟人拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物。
举个例子1. The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.夜晚温柔地平复着我们狂热的头脑2. I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods. 我很开心,似乎听到了林中唱歌的鸟儿。
7、hyperbole 夸张夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。
它可以加强语势,增加表达效果。
举个例子1. I beg a thousand pardons.我千百次地祈求宽恕2. Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.我爱你。
你对我而言如同全世界,如同夜空中的星月一般圣洁。
3. When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 当她听到这个噩耗,眼泪像绝了堤的洪水,滚落下来。
8、rhetorical repetition 叠言这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中,将相同的结构,相同意义词组成句子重叠使用,以增强语气和力量。
举个例子1. It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.它必须用我们这些对于未来,对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。
2.Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less disfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.因为的医疗技术和外科手术意味着更快地治疗病人,更少痛苦,更少不安,更少死亡,更少疾病,和更少残废。
9、euphemism 委婉,婉辞法婉辞法指用委婉、文雅的方法表达粗恶、避讳的话。
举个例子1. He is out visiting the necessary.他出去方便一下。
2. His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.10、allegory 讽喻、比方这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为"换个方式的说法"。
它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事。
举个例子1. Make the hay while the sun shines.良机勿失。
(在有太阳的时候晒草--制作饲料的干草)2. It's time to turn plough into sword. 到了该努力的时候了。
11、irony 反语反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式。
如在指责过失、错误时、用赞同过失的说法;而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法。
举个例子1. It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上不知道几点钟确实是一种好习惯!(反语)2."Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. " The waiter said to the beggar. 对乞丐说,当然,你只收大钞,所以没零钱啦。
12、pun 双关双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义、借题发挥、作出多种解释、旁敲侧击从而达到意想不到的幽默、滑稽效果。
它主要以相似的词形、词意和谐音的方式出现。
例如:1. An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.大使是一个诚实的人,他只骗外国人说自己国家多么多么好。
2. If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.如果我们不团结,就上吊去吧。
(注意两个hang意思不一样)13、parody 仿拟这是一种模仿名言、警句、谚语,改动其中部分词语从而使其产生新意的修辞。
简介1. Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.罗马不是一天建成的,但也不是一年内建成的。
(暗指需要更长时间的努力)2. A friend in need is a friend to be avoided. 虽然说“患难见真情”,但是一个真的处于患难中的朋友,是为众人避而远之的。
14、rhetorical question 修辞疑问它与疑问句的不同之处在于,它不以获得答案为目的,而是以提问为手段来达到修辞效果。
其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定。
它的答案往往是不言而喻的。
举个例子1. How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?我们在树林里走了1个小时连根毛都没看见!2. Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered? 难道我们应该让谣言继续传播下去吗?15、antithesis 对照、对比、对偶这种修辞是指将意义完全相反的句子排列在一起进行比较的一种修辞方法。
举个例子1. Not that I love Caesar less, but I love Rome more.不是我不喜欢凯撒,而是我更喜欢罗马。
(莎士比亚《凯撒大帝》中普鲁斯特的名言)2. You are staying; I am going.你留,我走。
3. Give me liberty, or give me death. 要么给我自由,要么让我死。
16、paradox 隽语这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法。
举个例子1. More haste, less speed.欲速则不达。
2. The child is the father of a man. 儿童是成人致富。
(来自于英国诗人Wordsworth的诗《My heart leaps up我心雀跃》)17、oxymoron 反意法、逆喻这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。
往往这样的句子写出来具有很震撼的效果。
例如:1. No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光,但有看得见的黑暗。
2. The state of this house is cheerlesswele. 这座房子无精打采地迎接着客人。
18、climax 渐进法,层进法这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小、轻重、深浅、高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点。
功能:可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象。
举个例子1. I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.真的真的真的很抱歉2. Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone. 看不到、听不到,没有什么可以触碰到他那颗石头般的心。