2015西城区高三一模数学理试题及答案word版

2015西城区高三一模数学理试题及答案word版
2015西城区高三一模数学理试题及答案word版

北京市西城区2015年高三一模试卷

数 学(理科) 2015.4

第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共40分)

一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项.

1.设集合0,1{}A =,集合{|}B x x a =>,若A B =?I ,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) (A )1a ≤

(B )1a ≥

(C )0a ≥

(D )0a ≤

3. 在极坐标系中,曲线2cos ρ=θ是( )

(A )过极点的直线 (B )半径为2的圆 (C )关于极点对称的图形 (D )关于极轴对称的图形

4.执行如图所示的程序框图,若输入的x 的值为3, 则输出的n 的值为( ) (A )4 (B )5 (C )6 (D )7

2.复数z 满足i 3i z ?=-,则在复平面内,复数z 对应的点位于( ) (A )第一象限 (B )第二象限 (C )第三象限

(D )第四象限

8. 已知抛物线214y x =

和21516

y x =-+所围成的封闭曲线如图所示,给定点(0,)A a ,若在此封闭曲线上

三对不同的点,满足每一对点关于点A 对称,则实数a 的取值范围是( )

5.若函数()f x 的定义域为R ,则“x ?∈R ,(1)()f x f x +>”是“函数()f x 为增函数”的( ) (A )充分而不必要条件 (B )必要而不充分条件 (C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件 6. 一个几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的体积的是( ) (A )476

(B )233

(C )152

(D )7

7. 已知6枝玫瑰与3枝康乃馨的价格之和大于24元,而4枝玫瑰与4枝康乃馨的价格之和小于20元,那么2枝玫瑰和3枝康乃馨的价格的比较结果是( ) (A )2枝玫瑰的价格高 (B )3枝康乃馨的价格高 (C )价格相同 (D )不确定

(A )(1,3) (B )(2,4) (C )3

(,3)2

(D )5(,4)2

侧(左)视图

正(主)视图

俯视图

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共110分)

二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.

9. 已知平面向量,a b 满足(1,1)=-a ,()()+⊥-a b a b ,那么|b |= ____.

10.已知双曲线C :22221(0,0)x y a b a b

-=>>的一个焦点是抛物线2

8y x =的焦点,且双曲线

C 的离心率为2,那么双曲线C 的方程为____.

11.在?ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c . 若π3

A =

,cos 7B =,2b =,

则a =____.

12.若数列{}n a 满足12a =-,且对于任意的*,m n ∈N ,都有m n m n a a a +=?,则3a =___;数

列{}n a 前10项的和10S =____.

13. 某种产品的加工需要A ,B ,C ,D ,E 五道工艺,其中A 必须在D 的前面完成(不一定

相邻),其它工艺的顺序可以改变,但不能同时进行,为了节省加工时间,B 与C 必须相邻,那么完成加工该产品的不同工艺的排列顺序有____种. (用数字作答)

14. 如图,四面体ABCD 的一条棱长为x ,其余棱长均为1, 记四面体ABCD 的体积为()F x ,则函数()F x 的单 调增区间是____;最大值为____.

B

A

D

C

三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.

15.(本小题满分13分)

设函数π

()4cos sin()3

f x x x =-+x ∈R . (Ⅰ)当π[0,]2

x ∈时,求函数()f x 的值域;

(Ⅱ)已知函数()y f x =的图象与直线1=y 有交点,求相邻两个交点间的最短距离.

16.(本小题满分13分)

2014年12月28日开始,北京市公共电汽车和地铁按照里程分段计价. 具体如下表.(不考虑公交卡折扣情况)

已知在北京地铁四号线上,任意一站到陶然亭站的票价不超过5元,现从那些只乘坐四号线地铁,且在陶然亭站出站的乘客中随机选出120人,他们乘坐地铁的票价统计如图所示.

(Ⅰ)如果从那些只乘坐四号线地铁,且在

陶然亭站出站的乘客中任选1人,试估计此人乘坐地铁的票价小于5元的概率;

(Ⅱ)从那些只乘坐四号线地铁,且在陶然亭站出站的乘客中随机选2人,记X 为这2人乘坐地铁的票价和,根据统计图,并以频率作为概率,求X 的分布列和数学期望;

(Ⅲ)小李乘坐地铁从A 地到陶然亭的票价是5元,返程时,小李乘坐某路公共电汽车所花交通费也是5元,假设小李往返过程中乘坐地铁和公共电汽车的路程均为s 公里,试写出s 的取值范围.(只需写出结论)

票价(元)

17.(本小题满分14分)

如图,在五面体ABCDEF 中,四边形ABCD 是边长为4的正方形,//EF AD , 平面ADEF ⊥平面ABCD ,且2BC EF =, AE AF =,点G 是EF 的中点.

(Ⅰ)证明:AG ⊥平面ABCD ;

(Ⅱ)若直线BF 与平面ACE

所成角的正弦值为

9

,求AG 的长;

(Ⅲ)判断线段AC 上是否存在一点M ,使MG //平面ABF ?若存在,求出AM MC

的值;

若不存在,说明理由.

18.(本小题满分13分)

设*

n ∈N ,函数ln ()n x f x x

=,函数e ()x

n g x x =,(0,)x ∈+∞.

(Ⅰ)当1n =时,写出函数()1y f x =-零点个数,并说明理由;

(Ⅱ)若曲线()y f x =与曲线()y g x =分别位于直线1l y =:的两侧,求n 的所有可能取值.

19.(本小题满分14分)

设1F ,2F 分别为椭圆)0(1:22

22>>=+b a b y

a x E 的左、右焦点,点)23,1(P 在椭圆E 上,

且点P 和1F 关于点)4

3

,0(C 对称.

(Ⅰ)求椭圆E 的方程;

(Ⅱ)过右焦点2F 的直线l 与椭圆相交于A ,B 两点,过点P 且平行于AB 的直线与椭圆交于另一点Q ,问是否存在直线l ,使得四边形PABQ 的对角线互相平分?若存在,求出

l 的方程;若不存在,说明理由.

F

C

A

D

B

G E

20.(本小题满分13分)

已知点列111222:(,),(,),,(,)k k k T P x y P x y P x y L (*

k ∈N ,2k ≥)满足1(1,1)P ,且

111,i i i i x x y y --=+??

=?与11,

1i i i

i x x y y --=??=+?(2,3,,i k =L ) 中有且仅有一个成立. (Ⅰ)写出满足4k =且4(3,2)P 的所有点列;

(Ⅱ) 证明:对于任意给定的k (*

k ∈N ,2k ≥),不存在点列T ,使得11

2k k

k

i i i i x y ==+=∑∑;

(Ⅲ)当21k n =-且21(,)n P n n -(*

,2n n ∈N ≥)时,求11

k k

i i i i x y ==?∑∑的最大值.

北京市西城区2015年高三一模试卷参考答案及评分标准

高三数学(理科) 2015.4

一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.

1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D 二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.

9 10.2

2

13

y x -=

11 12.8- 682

13.24

14. (或写成) 18

注:第12,14题第一问2分,第二问3分.

三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分. 其他正确解答过程,请参照评分标准给分. 15.(本小题满分13分)

(Ⅰ)解:因为3)cos 2

3

sin 21

(cos 4)(+-=x x x x f ……………… 1分

3cos 32cos sin 22+-=x x x

x x 2cos 32sin -= (3)

=π2sin(2)3

x -, (5)

因为 π02x ≤≤, 所以ππ2π2333

x --≤≤, (6)

所以 sin(π

2)13

x -≤,

即()2f x ≤, 其中当5π

12

x =

时,)(x f 取到最大值2;当0=x 时,)(x f 取到最小值3-, 所以函数()f x 的值域为]2,3[-. ……………… 9分

(Ⅱ)依题意,得π2sin(2)13x -=,π1

sin(2)32

x -=, ……………… 10分

所以ππ22π36x k -=+ 或 π5π22π36x k -=+, ……………… 12分

所以ππ4x k =

+

或 7ππ12x k =+()k ∈Z , 所以函数()y f x =的图象与直线1=y 的两个相邻交点间的最短距离为

π

3

. …… 13分

16.(本小题满分13分)

(Ⅰ)解:记事件A 为“此人乘坐地铁的票价小于5元”, (1)

由统计图可知,得120人中票价为3元、4元、5元的人数分别为60,40,20(人).

所以票价小于5元的有6040100+=(人). ………………2分

故120人中票价小于5元的频率是

1005

1206

=. 所以估计此人乘坐地铁的票价小于5元的概率5

()=6

P A . ………………4分

(Ⅱ)解:X 的所有可能取值为6,7,8,9,10. ……………… 5分

根据统计图,可知120人中地铁票价为3元、4元、5元的频率分别为

60120,40120

, 20120,即12,13,1

6

, (6)

以频率作为概率,知乘客地铁票价为3元、4元、5元的概率分别为1

2

1

3

1

6

所以

111

(6)

224

P X==?=,

11111

(7)

23323

P X==?+?=,

1111115

(8)

26623318

P X==?+?+?=,

11111

(9)

36639

P X==?+?=,

111

(10)

6636

P X==?=, (8)

所以随机变量X的分布列为:

………………9分

所以

1151122

()678910

43189363

E X=?+?+?+?+?=. (10)

(Ⅲ)解:(20,22]

s∈.………………13分

17.(本小题满分14分)

(Ⅰ)证明:因为AE AF

=,点G是EF的中点,

所以AG EF

⊥. (1)

又因为//

EF AD,

所以AG AD

⊥. (2)

因为平面ADEF⊥平面ABCD,平面ADEF I平面ABCD AD

=,AG?平面ADEF,

所以AG⊥平面ABCD. (4)

(Ⅱ)解:因为AG ⊥平面ABCD ,AB AD ⊥,所以,,AG AD AB 两两垂直. 以A 为原 点,以AB ,AD ,AG 分别为x 轴、y 轴和z 轴,如图建立空间直角坐标系, ……5分

则(0,0,0)A ,(4,0,0)B ,(4,4,0)C , 设(0)AG t t =>,则(0,1,)E t ,(0,1,)F t -, 所以(4,1,)BF t =--u u u r ,(4,4,0)AC =u u u r ,(0,1,)AE t =u u u r

. 设平面ACE 的法向量为(,,)n x y z =r

, 由 0AC n ?=u u u r r ,0AE n ?=u u u r r

,得440,0,

x y y tz +=+=??

?

令 1z =, 得(,,1)n t t =-r

.

(7)

因为BF 与平面ACE 所成角的正弦值为

9

所以 cos ,9||||

BF n

BF n BF n ?<>==?u u u r r

u u u r r

u u u u r r ,

(8)

9

=

, 解得21t =或2172t =.

所以1AG = 或

2

. (9)

(Ⅲ)解:假设线段AC 上存在一点M ,使得MG //平面ABF ,

AM AC

λ=,则 AM AC λ=u u u u r u u u r

由 (4,4,0)AC =u u u r ,得(4,4,0)AM λλ=u u u r

, ……………10分

设 (0)AG t t =>,则(0,0,)AG t =u u u r

所以 (4,4,)MG AG AM t λλ=-=--u u u r u u u r u u u r

. ……………11分

设平面ABF 的法向量为111(,,)x y z m =u r

因为 (0,1,)AF t -=u u u r ,(4,0,0)AB =u u u r

由 0AF m ?=u u u r u r ,0AB m ?=u u u r u r ,得111

0,40,y tz x -+==???

令 11z =, 得(0,,1)t m =u r

, (12)

因为 MG //平面ABF ,

所以 0MG m =?u u u r u r

,即04t t λ+=-,

解得 14λ=. 所以 14AM AC =,此时13AM MC =,

所以当13

AM MC =时, MG //平面ABF . (14)

18.(本小题满分13分)

(Ⅰ)证明:结论:函数()1y f x =-不存在零点. ……………1分

当1n =时,ln ()x f x x =,求导得21ln ()x

f x x

-'=, ……………2分

令()0f x '=,解得e x =. ……………3分

当x 变化时,()f x '与()f x 的变化如下表所示:

所以函数()f x 在(0,e)上单调递增,在(e,)+∞上单调递减,

则当e x =时,函数()f x 有最大值1

(e)e

f =. ……………4分

所以函数()1y f x =-的最大值为1

(e)110e

f -=

-<, 所以函数()1y f x =-不存在零点. ……………5分

(Ⅱ)解:由函数ln ()n x f x x =

求导,得 1

1ln ()n n x

f x x

+-'=, 令()0f x '=,解得1

e n

x =. 当x 变化时,()f x '与()f x 的变化如下表所示:

……………7分

所以函数()f x 在1(0,e )n 上单调递增,在1(e ,)n

+∞上单调递减, 则当1e n

x =时,函数()f x 有最大值11

(e )e

n

f n =; ……………8分

由函数e ()x n g x x =,(0,)x ∈+∞求导,得 1

e ()

()x n x n g x x

+-'=, ……………9分

令 ()0g x '=,解得x n =. 当x 变化时,()g x '与()g x 的变化如下表所示:

所以函数()g x 在(0,)n 上单调递减,在(,)n +∞上单调递增,

则当x n =时,函数()g x 有最小值e ()()n

g n n

=. (11)

因为*

n ?∈N ,函数()f x 有最大值11

(e )1e

n

f n =

<, 所以曲线ln n x

y x

=在直线1l y =:

的下方,而曲线e x n y x =在直线1l y =:的上方, 所以e

()1n n

>, ……………12分

解得e n <.

所以n 的取值集合为{1,2}. ……………13分

19.(本小题满分14分)

(Ⅰ)解:由点)23,1(P 和1F 关于点)4

3,0(C 对称,得1(1,0)F -, ……………… 1分

所以椭圆E 的焦点为)0,1(1-F ,)0,1(2F , ……………… 2分

由椭圆定义,得 122||||4a PF PF =+=.

所以 2a =,b = ……………… 4分

故椭圆E 的方程为13

42

2=+y x . ……………… 5分

(II )解:结论:存在直线l ,使得四边形PABQ 的对角线互相平分. ……………… 6分

理由如下:

由题可知直线l ,直线PQ 的斜率存在,

设直线l 的方程为)1(-=x k y ,直线PQ 的方程为3

(1)2

y k x -=-. …………… 7分

由 22

1,43

(1),x y y k x ?+

=???=-?

消去y , 得2

2

2

2

(34)84120k x k x k +-+-=, ……………… 8分

由题意,可知0?> ,设11(,)A x y ,22(,)B x y ,

则2

221438k

k x x +=+,2122412

34k x x k -=+, ……………… 9分

由22

1,433(1),2

x y y k x ?+=????-=-??消去y , 得2

2

2

2

(34)(812)41230k x k k x k k +--+--=, 由0?>,可知12

k ≠-

,设),(33y x Q ,又)23

,1(P ,

则223431281k k k x +-=+,2

23433

1241k

k k x +--=?. ……………… 10分

若四边形PABQ 的对角线互相平分,则PB 与AQ 的中点重合, 所以2

1

2231+=

+x x x ,即3211x x x -=-, ……………… 11分

故22

12123()4(1)x x x x x +-=-. (12)

所以 22222

222

84124123(

)4(1)343434k k k k k k k ----?=-+++. 解得 3

4

k =

. 所以直线l 为3430x y --=时, 四边形PABQ 的对角线互相平分. ……… 14分 (注:利用四边形PABQ 为平行四边形,则有||||PQ AB =,也可解决问题)

20.(本小题满分13分)

(Ⅰ)解:符合条件的点列为1234(1,1),(1,2),(2,2),(3,2)T P P P P :;

或1234(1,1),(2,1),(2,2),(3,2)T P P P P :;或1234(1,1),(2,1),(3,1),(3,2)T P P P P :.……… 3分 (Ⅱ)证明:由已知,得111i i i i x y x y --+=++,

所以数列{}i i x y +是公差为1的等差数列.

由112x y +=,得1i i x y i +=+(1,2,,i k =L ). ……………… 3分

故11k

k

i i i i x y ==+∑∑1

()k

i i i x y ==+∑23(1)k =++++L 1

(3)2k k =+. (5)

若存在点列T ,使得1

1

2k

k

k

i i i i x y ==+=∑∑,

1

(3)22

k k k +=,即1(3)2k k k ++=. 因为整数k 和3k +总是一个为奇数,一个为偶数,且2k ≥, 而整数12k +中不含有大于1的奇因子,

所以对于任意正整数k (2)k ≥,任意点列均不能满足1

1

2k

k

k i i i i x y ==+=∑∑. (8)

(Ⅲ)解:由(Ⅱ)可知,1(1,2,,21)i i y i x i n =+-=-L ,

所以122112211

1

()(232)k

k

i i n n i i x y x x x x x n x --==?=+++-+-++-∑∑L L

12211221()[(232)()]n n x x x n x x x --=++++++-+++L L L ,

令1221n t x x x -=+++L ,

则1

1

[(1)(21)]k

k

i i i i x y t n n t ==?=+--∑∑. (10)

考察关于t 的二次函数()[(1)(21)]f t t n n t =+--. (1)当n 为奇数时,可得1

(1)(21)2n n +-是正整数,

可构造数列{}i x :1

11

1,2,,(1),,(1),(1)1,,222

n n n n n ++++L L

L 1

44424443项

, 对应数列{}i y :1,1,,1,2,,,,n n n L L L 14243

.(由此构造的点列符合已知条件) 而且此时,1221(1)111

12(1)(1)(1)222n n x x x n n n n --+++=++++++++++L L L 1

44444424444443个

1

12(1)(1)

2n n n =+++++-L

1

(1)(21)2n n =+-,

所以当1

(1)(21)2t n n =+-时,

1

1

k k

i i

i i x y

==?∑∑有最大值221

(1)(21)4

n n +-. (12)

(2)当n 为偶数时,1(1)(21)2n n +-不是正整数,而11

(1)(21)22

n n +--是离其最近的正整

数,

可构造数列{}i x :(2

2

1,2,,,,,(1),,(1),2,,22222

n

n n n n n n

n +++L L L L 14243144424443+1)项项,

对应数列{}i y :2

2

1,1,,1,2,,1,1,2,,,,22222n

n n n n n n

n ++++L L L L 14243144424443

(+1)项项,(由此构造的点列符合已知条件)

而且此时,1221(1)2

2

12(1)(1)2222n n

n

n n n n x x x n --+++=++++

+++++++L L L L 1

4243144424443个个 12(1)(1)

2222n n n n

n =++++?++?-L

11(1)(21)2

2n n =+--,

所以当11

(1)(21)22t n n =+--时,

1

1

k k

i

i

i i x y ==?∑∑有最大值2

2

1

1

(1)(21)

44

n n +--

(13)

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