2014年高考语法填空

2014年高考语法填空
2014年高考语法填空

2014年高考语法填空

一(2014福建卷)

第一节短文填词(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,根据以下提示:1)汉语提示,2)首字母提示,3)语境提示,在每个空格内填人一个适当的英语单词,所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确,并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。

Many of us were raised with the saying "Waste not, w ant not.” None of us, (76) _h , can completely avoid waste in our lives.

Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited natural(77) (资源),our money, or other people's time, each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits can make a big (78) _d . It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our(79)h in a world that is in serious trouble. By focusing

on( 80) (节省)oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part (81) cutting down on waste.

We must keep reminding (82) (白己)that it is easier to get into something (83) it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage( 84)d ____to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution. It's time for us

to( 85)____no to waste so that our grandchildren’s children will be able to develop well. We can't solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness. Waste not!

76. 【答案】however

【试题解析】很多人都知道:勤俭节约,吃穿不愁。然而几乎没有人能够做到不浪费。根据句义可知上下文之间是转折关系,所以使用副词However表示转折,前后都需要使用符合隔开。

77. 【答案】resources

【试题解析】通常使用复数形式resources表示具体的资源,在本句中作为动词waste的宾语。

78. 【答案】 difference

【试题解析】固定搭配make a difference起作用,有影响;小习惯会产生很大的作用和影响,所以我们一定要注意自己的一些微小的习惯,以避免浪费。

79. 【答案】best

【试题解析】固定搭配do one’s best全力以赴,努力,尽最大的努力。

80. 【答案】saving

【试题解析】动词短语focus on聚焦于…;其中的on是介词,后面要接动名词或者名词作宾语。句义:通过聚焦节省石油,水,纸等,我们在减少浪费方面起着很大的作用。

81. 【答案】in

【试题解析】考察固定搭配。Paly a part in…在…中起作用;本句告诉我们,通过节约,我们可以在减少浪费方面起很大作用。

82. 【答案】ourselves

【试题解析】本句中的反身代词ourselves在句中作为remind的宾语,起强调作用。我

们一定要提醒我们自己形成浪费的习惯要比戒除这个习惯更容易。

83. 【答案】than

【试题解析】本句前面有形容词比较级easier,说明应该使用than与之对应。我们一定要提醒我们自己形成浪费的习惯要比戒除这个习惯更容易。

84. 【答案】 done

【试题解析】固定搭配do damage to…破坏…;本句把名词damage提前,后面的过去分词短语done to our land作为定语修饰名词gamage。

85. 【答案】say

【试题解析】固定搭配say no to…对…说不….;句义:是我们对浪费说不的时候了。

二(2014广东卷)

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__17____ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_____(tell)that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19_____ for the week after. I didn’t understand 20____ this would happen. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_____(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_____ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24____ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_____(sunburn),but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.

16. 【答案】 it

【试题解析】考察代词。在英语中通常使用it指代上文说过的同一个事物,以避免重复。本句中的it就是指第一句里提及的Miami。句意:一些去过那里的朋友告诉我说那是一个很理想的度假的地方。

17. 【答案】 earlier

【试题解析】本句使用比较级,虽然没有直接出现than等表示比较级的词,根据上下文可知我们早在6个月前就预定好了宾馆。

18. 【答案】were told

【试题解析】本句是一个被动语态,主语we和动词tell之间构成被动关系,故使用被动语态,根据文章第一句可知本文叙述的是我们去年度假的事情,所以使用一般过去时的被动语态。

19. 【答案】 but

【试题解析】句意:我们被告知我们的房间没有被预定在这个星期,而是在下一个星期。本句中使用的是not…but…不是…而是…的结构来连接。

20. 【答案】 why

【试题解析】本句是一个宾语从句。我不明白为什么会发生这样的事情,而且为了这次预定

我的信用卡已经被收费了。名词性从句的连词的选择主要通过上下文的语义实现。根据句意说明使用why。

21. 【答案】for

【试题解析】考察固定搭配charge…for…因为…收费…;其中的for表示目的。我的信用卡被收费,是因为我预定了这个房间。

22. 【答案】 surprisingly

【试题解析】副词surprisingly在句中做状语,修饰形容词helpful。本题要特别注意词性的转换,surprise可以作为名词,也可以作为动词。句意:她是出人意料地乐于助人。

23. 【答案】the

【试题解析】本句使用定冠词the表示特指,特指她给了我们一个在顶楼上的VIP的套房。

24. 【答案】where

【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句,先行词是the beach,后面的定语从句we watched some people play volleyball.的句子结构很完整,所以要使用关系副词来引导定语从句,因为先行词是指地点的名词,所以使用where。

25. 【答案】sunburned/ sunburnt

【试题解析】本句考察的是过去分词的一个特殊用法“get+过去分词”表示被动或者状态。如“get paid/burnt”获得报酬/被烫伤。前面的a little修饰sunburnt,指我们有一点点晒伤了。

四(2014湖南卷)

We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.

An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 49 . People should not do things 50 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) 51 loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 52 friendly relationship with them.

An equally important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, 53 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 54 neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live 55 peace.

48. 【答案】them

【试题解析】考察上下文串联。本句中的them就是指第一句中的neighbors。句义:我们可以选择朋友,但是我们不能选择邻居。然而,为了幸福的家庭生活,我们不得不要和邻居尽可能地好好相处。

49. 【答案】others

【试题解析】考察代词。Others其他人;句义:在邻里相处方面一个很重要的品质就是要为他人做考虑。Others是没有范围限制的其他人,本句中没有提及范围限制。

50. 【答案】which/that

【试题解析】考察定语从句。本句是一个定语从句,先行词是things,使用关系代词

that/which指代先行词在句中做主语。句义:人们不应该做一些打扰他们邻居的事情。51. 【答案】and

【试题解析】考察句子结构。本句是一个并列句。句义:订书机不需要开到最大的音量,吵闹的音乐也不应该在很晚的时候播放。本句中的两句都是说明我们不应该做一些打扰邻居的事情,所以使用and连接这两个并列句。

52. 【答案】 a

【试题解析】考察冠词。本横线后面的名词relationship是一个可数名词,使用a修饰表示泛指。句义:通过避免做这些让邻居难受的事情,你可以和邻居有很好的关系。

53. 【答案】 but

【试题解析】考察连词辨析。句义:邻居要做所有能做的事情来避免打扰他人,但是有时候一些打扰又是不可避免的。根据句义可知上下文之间存在着转折关系,故使用but。

54. 【答案】If/When

【试题解析】考察连词辨析。句义:如果邻居想要友好相处,他们就不得不表示出他们的容忍。本句可以使用if也可以使用when,在条件句或者时间状语从句中,都可以使用一般现在时代替将来时。

55. 【答案】 in

【试题解析】考察固定搭配in peace安静,宁静;句义:通过这种方法,每个人都可以生活在安宁之中。

五(2014辽宁卷)

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Jonny: Hey! I’m just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me? Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?

Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this. Peter: OK. Don’t laugh 61 me. I may look funny.

Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake.

Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).

Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds.

Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.

Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!

Peter: Unbelievable! Oh..., 69 you don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep 70 .

61. 【答案】at

【试题解析】考察固定搭配laugh at…嘲笑…;根据下面一句I may look funny也许我看上去很滑稽,所以先提醒对方不要嘲笑我。

62. 【答案】softly

【试题解析】本句应该使用副词softly与前面的naturally一起作为状语修饰前面的动词。要很自然柔和地弯曲膝盖伸展胳膊。

63. 【答案】painful

【试题解析】本句横线前面是系动词become,说明横线上应该使用形容词构成系表结构,所以使用形容词painful。

64. 【答案】holding

【试题解析】固定搭配keep doing sth一直做某事;本句表示要一直维持住这个位置一段时间,会帮助发展你的力气和灵活性。

65. 【答案】it

【试题解析】这里的it就是指前面的raise your leg中的your leg。用it指代上文提及的同一事物。

66【答案】is called

【试题解析】本句是一个被动语态的形式。句义:在英语里,太极被称为“shadow boxing”。根据句义可知表示被动语态。

67. 【答案】as

【试题解析】本句是一个固定搭配as well as…和…,也…;太极要求你像水英语行动,灵活也要强大…;

68. 【答案】harder

【试题解析】本句是一个固定句式:the 比较级…, the 比较级…“越…就越….”;你越来用力击打他,你越可能被击中,他能够控制你。因为对方会借力打力。

69. 【答案】if

【试题解析】句义:这真是难以相信,如果你不介意,我项停下了深呼吸一下。

70. 【答案】breath

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历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2018全国卷I)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 ________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). The best exercise is one that yo u enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。 Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61____ (grow) more corn than rice。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __62 __ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 _____(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_________(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased 66________ (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67______(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68______ (start) a soil-testing program 69_________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排 放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 _____ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。 I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who

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