职称英语考试-阅读判断练习题及答案
全国职称英语卫生C类阅读判断题附答案
全国职称英语卫生C类阅读判断题附答案A great man is always willing to be little.以下是小编为大家搜索整理的全国职称英语卫生C类阅读判断题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!Affectionate AndroidsComputers are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to dawn1. And it won’t be long before we will see realistic cyber companions, complete with skin, dexterity, and intelligence. They will be programmed to tend to your every need. Will we ever want to marry robots? Artificial intelligence researcher David Levy has published a book claiming human-robot relationships will become popular in the next few decades. ____1 C And if you want to go ahead and tie the knot with your special electronic friend，Levy said that such marriages will be socially acceptable by around 2050.____ Will humans really be able to form deep emotional attachments to machines? It will, in fact, be relatively easy to form these strong attachments because the human mind loves to anthropomorphize: to give human attributes to other creatures—even objects. For example, researchers in San Diego recently put a small humanoid robot in with a toddler playgroup for several months. ____2_ F The bot knew each child because it was programmed with face and voice recognition，and it giggled when tickled.___ The children ended up treating it as a fellow toddler. When it lay down because its batteries were flat，the kids even covered it with a blanket. In a few decades, when humanoid robots with plastic skin look and feel very real, will people want to form relationships with them? What if the bots could hold a conversation? And be programmed to be the perfect companions—soul mates, even? ____3 EMaybe your generation could resist, but eventually there will be a generation of people who grow up with humanoid robots as a normal part oflife.____ And like those toddlers in the experiment, they will be very accepting of them. The next question, then, is whether there is anything wrong with having an emotional relationship with a machine. Even today there are people who form deep attachments to their pets and use them as substitutes for friends or even children. Few consider that unethical. ____4__ B But a sophisticated robot will probably be even more attractive.__ For those who always seem to end up marrying the wrong man or woman, a robotic Mr. or Ms. Right could be mighty tempting. As the father of artificial intelligence, Marvin Minsky, put it when asked about the ethics of lonely older people forming close relationships with robots: “If a robot had all the virtues of a person and was smarter and more understanding, why would the elderly bother talking to other grumpy old people?” A robot could be programmed to be as dumb or smart, as independent or subservient, as an owner desired. And that’s the big disadvantage. Having the perfect robot partner will damage the ability to form equally deep human-human relationships. People will always seem imperfect in comparison. When you’re behaving badly, a good friend will tell you. ____5 DHowever, few owners will program their robots to point out theirflaws.____ People in relationships have to learn to adapt to each other: to enjoy their common interests and to deal with their differences. It makes us richer, stronger, and wiser. A robot companion will be perfect at the start. However, there will be nothing to move the relationship to grow to greater heights.词汇：affectionate adj. 深情的dexterity n. 灵巧，敏捷anthropomorphize v. 赋于人性，人格化grumpy adj. 脾气暴躁的cyber adj. 计算机的tend v. 照料bot n. 机器人subservient adj. 屈从的，奉承的注释：puters are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to dawn：计算机技术已经足够成熟，能够支持人形机器人的诞生和普及，进入人形机器人的时代。
职称英语《综合B》阅读判断真题练习及答案
职称英语《综合B》阅读判断真题练习及答案职称英语《综合B》阅读判断真题练习及答案Text oneLiving History at Jamestown SettlementA woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun, sewing a dress from skin. Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden chair, using very simple tools. And all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital (数码的) cameras. This is Jamestown Settlement today.Jamestown, Virginia, was one of the first places in the world where people from Europe,America, and Africa came together in 1608. Today, it is a living history museum, where children and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum, actors wear clothes from the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then. The actors also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.At a Living History museum, there are always many things to touch, hear and smell. Visitors at Jamestown Settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colonists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonist's bed. The colonists stayed on the crowded,dangerous ships for more than four months. When they got to Virginia they built an area of houses with a high wall around it in today's fort ( 堡垒 ), you can see houses, a church, and even a garden with foods that the colonists ate. Women in long dresses work inside their homes, and visitors can help them with their sewing and cooking.There is also an Indian Village at Jamestown Settlement, and it looks very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields.Actors there make pottery (陶器) and teach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an Indian boat from a tree.Today the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular, especially with children and families.People come here to have fun, but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of getting things done. A living history museum is the best way to understand how people lived in the past.16. Tourists like to take pictures in Jamestown Settlement today.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. In Jamestown Settlement, people from three different cultures came together in 1608.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. At a living history museum, visitors cannot touch any of the things on display.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. The first colonists to Jamestown Settlement were from England.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. The actors working at the museum explain what they doto the visitors.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. In Jamestown, visitors can walk through the real ships the colonists used.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. Children and families enjoy playing Indian games.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedText twoThe Most Wonderful IslandsThe Palm Islands are the largest artificial islands in the world and are under construction in Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates. They are being developed as tourist, leisure, and residential resorts, and will increase the coastline of the country by 120 kilometers.After four years of planning and careful consideration of the environmental issues, construction started in 2001. Dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea were employed in the building of the fhst two islands. The site for all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep. Sand is taken from the seabed and sprayed into the construction site. Although the shallow water facilitates this process, the islands are still very exposed to the currents and tidal movements of the sea. Rocks are used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent (月状的)structure. This acts as abreakwater and protects the islands from the sea.The first two islands are in the shape of date palm trees and consist of a trunk and 17 frond, or leaves coming off the trunk. The first island, named Palm Jumeirah, has three five-star hotels in the trunk, and luxury homes in the leaves. It is astonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004,they were all sold within three days.The second palm, Jebel All, was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre. Six marinas ( 小游艇船坞 )are planned, with a water theme park, and homes built on stilts ( 桩柱 )in the water.The Palm Deira planned to be the largest of the three islands, with a length of 14 km and a width of 8.5 km, an area larger than the city of Paris. It will consist of residential properties, marinas,shopping malls, sports facilities, and clubs. These will be open to both residents and tourists.More artificial islands, the World Islands, are now being constructed near the Palm Jumeirah.They consist of 300 private islands grouped into the shape of the continents of the world and will be used for estates, private homes, community islands, and resorts.Unquestionably, these artificial islands are one of the wonders of the modem world. They will also maintain Dubai's status as one of the leading tourist destinations in the region.。
中级职称英语考试真题与答案精选全文
精选全文完整版（可编辑修改）中级职称英语考试真题与答案中级职称英语考试真题及参考答案：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。
Irish Dolphins m ay H ave a Unique DialectIrish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they m a y have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other.The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation ( S D W F ) has been studying a group of up to 120 bottle-nosedolphins in the River Shannon using vocalizations collected on a computer in a c o w shed near the River Shannon.As part of a research project, student Ronan Hickey digitized and analyzed a total of 1,882 whistles from the Irish dolphins and those from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundamental whistle types and 32 different categories. O f the categories, he found most were used by both sets of dolphins but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins.“We are building up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behavior like foraging, resting, socializing and the communications of groups with calves,” project leader Simon Berrow said. “Essentially w e are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make.”Berrow, a marine biologist, said the dolphins ’ clicks are used to find their w a y around and locate prey. The whistles are communications. “They do a whole range of other sounds like barks, groans and a kind of gunshot,”he said. “The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whales use it to stun their prey.”“W h e n I first heard it, I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species w h o used it. W e can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reas on as the sperm whales,” Berrow said.References in local legend indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for generations and they m a y even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century.They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25,000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them.1. The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested theS D W F scientists.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned2. Ronan Hickey analyzed almost 2000 different dialects of the bottle-nose dolphins.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned3. O f the 32 categories, eight were produced only by the Irish dolphins.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned4. Whistles could also be used to communicate between adult dolphins and baby dolphins.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned5. Sperm whales can produce stronger ultrasonic waves to kill their prey than dolphins.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned6. A s early as the 6th century, Irish fishermen started raising dolphins in the Shannon estuary.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned7. Irish dolphins attract tourists and over 25,000 people co m e to see them every year.A. RightB. W r o n gC. Not mentioned参考答案：1. C 利用问题句中的细节信息词bottle-nose dolphins， sperm whales， eating habits 和特征词 SDWF (香农海豚与野生动物基金会)scientists共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句。
2020年职称英语考试真题及答案综合类C阅读判断
2020年职称英语考试真题及答案综合类C阅读判断第2部分：阅读判断（第16——22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Time to Stop Traveling by AirTwenty-five years ago a young British man called Mark Ellingham decided that he wanted a change of scenery. So he went to Australia, stopping off in many countries beween. Healso decided to write about the experience and produced a guide for other travelers making similar journeys.In 1970, British airports were used by 32 million people. In 2004, the figure was 216 million. In 2030, according to government forecasts, it will be around 500 million. It’s a growth driven by the emergence of low cost airlines, offering access to all parts of the world for less than ￡100.This has made ahuge contribution to global warming. One return flight from Britain to the US produces the same carbon dioxide (二氧化碳）as a year’s motoring (驾车). A return flight to Australia equals the emissions (排放）of three average cars for a year. And the pollution is released at a height where its effect on climate change is more than double that on the ground.Mark Ellingham built his business on helping people travel. Now he wants to help people stop –at least by air.He is calling fora ￡100 green tax on all flights to Europe and Africa, and ￡250 on flights to the rest of the world. He also wants investment to create a low-carbon economy,as well as a halt to airport expansion.Mark Ellingham’s commitmentis important because his readers aren’t just the sort of young and adventurous people who would happily jump on a plane to spend a weekend exploring a foreignculture. They are also the sort of people who say they care about the environment.It's a debate that splits people down the middle.The tourist industry has responded by offering offsetting (补偿) schemes. A small increase in the price of a ticket is used to plant trees.But critics say that it is not enough to just be carbon neutral. We should be actively cuttingback on putting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. And for the average person,making a plane journey will be his or her largest contribution to globalwarming. It may be good to repair the damage we do. But surely it is better notto do the damage in the first place.16. Mark Ellingham spent quite a few days in China on his way to Australia 25 years ago.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned17. Traveling from Britain to any other part of the world may cost you less than ￡100.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned18. A round trip flight from Britain to Australia produces the same amount of carbon dioxide as three average cars do in a year.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned19. Mark Ellingham has never hesitated toencourage people to travel byA. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned20. Mark Ellingham's readers are not interested inenvironmental protection.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned21. Critics argue that the best way to protect ourenvironment is not to do any damage to it.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned22. Mark Ellingham will collaborate with thecritics in his efforts to fight global warming.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned。
2022年全国职称英语等级考试试题答案
全国职称英语级别考试试题、答案综合类试卷及答案综合类(A级)试题第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分拟定1个意义最为接近旳选项。
1. For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.A unclearB obviousC majorD minor2. The sea turtle’s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A greatlyB suddenlyC generallyD slightly3. I got a not from Moria urging me to get in touch.A instructingB notifyingC pushingD inviting4. It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A raiseB poseC experienceD handle5. The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6. Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand7. At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energeticB happyC aloneD busy8. Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.A shakingB turningC jumpingD shouting9. A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reportedB provedC praisedD caught10. I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A anxiousB sureC sadD afraid11. At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB attachC loseD understand12. Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.A doubtingB sayingC thinkingD knowing13. He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A maintainedB recommendedC consideredD acknowledged14. The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp15. She always finds fault with everything.A criticizesB simplifiesC evaluatedD examines第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）下面旳短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供旳是对旳信息，请选择A；如果该句提供旳是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句旳信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
职称英语考试真题及答案理工类A级阅读判断
职称英语考试真题及答案理工类A级阅读判断第2部分：阅读判断(第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的`内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Lack of Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on EarthScientists have long speculated as to why animal specie s didn’t flourish sooner, once sufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago 一 but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen?Well, it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and his colleagues found that oxygen levels during the“boring billion” period were only 0.1% o f what they are today. Inother words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’t have supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancements were poised to occur.“There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise of animals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level of oxygen，’，said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We’re providing the first evidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentially prevent the rise of animals.”The scientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earth，s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directly linked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.Specifically, the team studied samples deposited in shallow,iron-rich ocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data withother samples taken from younger locales known to have higher levels of oxygen.Oxygen’s role in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists. “We were missing the right approach until now，，，Planavsky said. “Chromium gave us the proxy•” Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today’s conditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough to support animal life.In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygenlevels were “highly dynamic” in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference in the nature of Earth surface Cr cycling” before and after the rise of anima ls.“If we are right, our results will really change how people view the origins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment，，，said co-author Tim Lyons of the University of Califomia-Riverside. “This could be a game changer.”“There’s a lot of interest right now in a broader discussion surrounding the role that environmental stability played in the evolution of complex life, and we think our results are a significant contribution to that，，’ Reinhard said.16.The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoic period.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17.Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high duringpre-animal times.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18.The team was funded by several research institutes.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19.Genetic advancements triggered the rise of animals.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20.The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21.The study revealed that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stable before and afterthe rise of animals.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22.Tim Lyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案：第2部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题l分，共7分)16-22. B A C B A B C。
职称英语考试试题及答案
职称英语考试综合类A级试题与答案第1部分：词汇选项〔第1~15题,每题1分,共15分〕下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语.答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上.1 The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted2 He talks tough but has a tender heart.A heavyB strongC kindD wild3 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A makingB takingC discussingD expecting4 Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producingA wasteB buyC useD sell5 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionB abilityC powerD volume6 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely7 Her faith upheld her in times of sadnessA supportedB excitedC inspiredD directed8 The book provides a concise analysis of the country’s history.A cleanB perfectC realD brief9 It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their memb ership cards at all times.A suggestedB warnedC statedD confirmed10 The council meeting terminated at 2 o’clockA beganB continuedC endedD resumed11 A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.A signB substituteC proofD target12 However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.A reluctantB eagerC pleasedD angry13 It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did n ot merely regulate or enlarge an old one.A limitB controlC replaceD offset14 The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.A denyB investigateC stressD create15 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A graduallyB suddenlyC excessivelyD exceptionally第2部分：阅读判断〔第16~22题,每题1分,共7分〕阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断.如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提与,请在答题卡上把C涂黑Principles of Governing PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting thing done through others, then persuasio n is one of the leader’s essential to ols. Many executives have assumed that th is tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic<有魅力的> and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that ca n be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to hel p make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it’s worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat yo u the way you treat them. It’s sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to <服从> experts. So before they att empt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own ex pertise and not assume that it’s self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it’s scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is mo re persuasive than widely available data.16 Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned17 People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned19 There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned21 There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子〔第23~ 30题,每题1分,共8分〕阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务：〔1〕第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2,3,5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；〔2〕第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子.请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people kno w how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensiti ve to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations<康乃馨> retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12oC than when kept at 2 60c. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably th e most important aspect of flower care.3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological pu rpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination <授粉>. After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers cons ume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide <二氧化碳>, called respiration <呼吸>, ge nerates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is v ery high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respi ration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining l ow temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowl y.5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water i n which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink〞 water that is di rty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost ce rtainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the w ater of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach <含氯漂白剂> can b e used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach< at 4% solution> be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.A Control of RespirationB Beauty of Fresh Cut FlowersC Role of RespirationD Most Important Aspect of Flower CareE Need for Clean WaterF Ways of Stopping Respiration23 Paragraph 2__________________24 Paragraph 3__________________25 Paragraph 4__________________26 Paragraph 5__________________27 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers_______________28 Respiration plays a key role________________29 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down_________________30 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is ____________ ________A by keeping its original shape and colourB in the life of the cut flowerC to produce carbon dioxideD for as long as possibleE by controlling temperatureF to replace the water and solution every day第4部分：阅读理解〔第31~45题,每题3分,共45分〕下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项.请根据文章的内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上.第一篇 "Salty〞 Rice Plant Boosts HarvestsBritish scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will b e able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned f arms to become productive once more.Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological Sc iences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechn ology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability i nto crops, starting with rice.It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares〔公顷〕 of agricultur al land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts〔妨碍生长〕plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves〔红树林〕 t hat create swamps〔沼泽〕 and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have b een cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the watertable to drop, allowing sea water to seep〔渗透〕in. in Latin America, irrigati on often causes problems when water is evaporated〔蒸发〕 by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water t hey need to survive.To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants th at take in very little slat and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants‘ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics in to a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Ye o will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, provi ding much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.31 Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true？A They are students at Sussex University.B They are rice breeders.C They are husband and wife.D They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.32 Flowers and Yeo have started a programmeA to find ways to prevent water pollution.B to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.C to breed rice plants that taste salty.D to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.33 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discus sed in the passage？A Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B the water table has gone down after droughts.C Sea level has been continuously rising.D Evaporation of water leaves salt behind34 The word "affect〞 in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced byA "influence〞B "effect〞C "stop〞D "present〞35 The attitude of the author towards the research project isA positiveB negative.C suspiciousD indifferent.第二篇Ford’s Assembly LineWhen it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our l ives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, e ven to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars-one, strange to say, tha t originated in slaughterhouses〔屠宰场〕.Back in the early 1900‘s, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a "disassembly line〞. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up p roduction of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an ex pert on industrial development, tells what happened."The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assemble team ave raged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.〞Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford wen t all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towe d〔拖,拉〕past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It hasn‘t long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he c ut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all tho se who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers the world over copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about a ll of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile h as arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation〔自动化〕, eve rything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.36 Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true?A He introduced a new way of production.B He influenced all manufacturing.C He inspired other auto makers.D He changed a historian’s mind.37 The writer mentions〞 slaughterhouses〞 because they were the places whe reA Ford’s assembly line originatedB Ford made his first car.C Ford readjusted the assembly line.D Ford innovated the disassembly line.38 A magneto is a technical term forA an automobile.B a production lineC a part of an automobile engine.D a disassembly line39 the phrase〞 turning out〞 in the last paragraph could be best replaced byA " producing〞B " selling〞C "buying〞D "fixing〞40 The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry FordA to create more jobs for the unemployedB to write a book on historyC to reduce the price of his cars to $260D to cut the production of his cars by 50%第三篇 PlayPlay is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research h as shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for pl ay, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, enc ourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which childr en will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s developme nt.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is lar gely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to p rofit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying o ut, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bri cks and jigsaws〔七巧板〕and construction toys; painting, scribbling<涂鸦> and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; t he first social games for learning to play and get on with others.Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-th e child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of le arning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a chil d. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main so urce of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, to ys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.41 The passage tells us that as a child grows upA he should be allowed to choose his own toys.B he should be given identical toys.C he should be given different toys.D he should be given fewer and fewer toys.42 According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his p arentsA determine his characterB will not change after the age of three.C partly determine the standard he is likely to reach.D to a large extent determine the choice of toys.43 Who have the best chance of growing up successfully?A Those who tend to overeatB Those who are given a lot of toys.C Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D Those who can share their toys with their playmates.44 We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosityA when he is twoB when he is around four.C when he is six.D when he is eight.45 The passage is mainly aboutA the importance of pre-school educationB the importance of schooling.C the role of play in a child’s developmentD the choice of toys for adolescents.第5部分：补全短文〔第46~50题,每题2分,共10分〕阅读下面的短文,文章中有5处空白,文章后面有6组文字,请根据文章的内容选择5组文字,将其分别放回文章原来位置,以恢复文章原貌.请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Science and TechnologyThere is a difference between science and technology._________<46>. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phen omena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these fac ts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedur es for applying the findings of science.________<47>Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to unde rstand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people’s likes or disl ikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things._________<48>. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides we have the choice of refusing to believe it ! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the c hoice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic<超音速的> aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air._________<49>The pur pose of technology is to serve people-people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.__________<50> Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion<枯竭> and even social decay in general-so much so that the promise of technology is " obscured ". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better w orld, what else will?A Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the pro gress in each.B Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the h uman factor.C What scientists discover may shock or anger people ---as did Darwin’s th eory of evolution.D Science and technology are different.E We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.F Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a m ethod of solving practical problems.第6部分：完形填空〔第51~65题,每题1分,共15分〕阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出了4个选项同,请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上Cost as a Factor in SupplyIn a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no c ontrol over the market price, because he produces too little to influence marke t conditions. With no difference between his products and the products________< 51> his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or __________<52> the market price. Howev er, in considering the price, he must take the ____________<53>of production in to consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for__________<54> he believes will be a s hort time. However, no business person can __________<55>to lose money for a pr olonged period. He must be constantly __________<56>of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to competes successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per uni t decrease._________<57>mass production has made this true in certain industrie s and at certain levels of production,________<58> logic and practical experien ces have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of prod uction. Some economists_________<59>to this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason costs rise as production goes up is __________<60>. However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factor s of production will also grow,__________<61>competitive bidding in the marketp lace for the factors of production. If a producer needs___________<62> skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get __________<63>from other sources. This can be done by ___________<6 4>higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of product ion. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, _________ __<65>not all land is equally fertile and not all ore<矿石>is equally rich in t he mineral wanted.51 A to B at C of D on52 A below B beneath C over D above53 A price B cost C worth D profit54 A that B why C what D if55 A afford B pretend C offer D try56 A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious57 A Because B Since C When D While58 A both B neither C none D any59 A resort B refer C turn D attend60 A clear B simple C difficult D complex61 A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out62 A less B numerous C more D many63 A them B these C it D those64 A offering B cutting C reducing D having65 A as if B just as C because D while答案：1A 2C 3C 4C 5D 6D 7A 8D 9C 10C 11A 12A 13B 14B 15A16B 17A 18C 19B 20B 21C 22A 23D 24C 25A 26E 27D 28B 29E 30F31D 32B 33C 34A 35A 36D 37A 38C 39A 40C 41C 42C 43C 44B 45C46F 47A 48C 49B 50E51C 52A 53B 54C 55A 56C 57D 58A 59B 60D 61B 62C 63C 64A 65B。
职称英语考试-阅读判断练习题及答案
阅读判断（第1～7题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C.Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object，like a planet，but it is shaped like a sphere （球体）。
Astronomers（天文学家）think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite（无限的）density（稠密）。
This single point is called a singularity （奇点）。
If the singularity theory is correct，it means that when a massive star collapses，all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all，but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do exist，they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.● No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result，they are invisible to a telescope.● In astronomical terms，black holes are truly. For example，a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon（视界）only 18 miles across.● The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion（万亿）miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist.There are still answers to be found，however，so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.1. Black holes are part of space.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned2. Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned3. The center of a black hole is empty.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned5. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned6. The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned7. The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案1A 2A 3B 4C 5C 6B 7A阅读判断（第1～7题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C.Scotland：A Land of WisdomIn the 1740s，the famous French Philosopher V oltaire said “We look to Scotlandwhen itfor all our ideas of civilization.” That‘s not a bad advertisement for any co comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education.According to the American author Arthur Herman，the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of themost important ideas on which modern life depends - everything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals，butto those people in business，government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world.It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment（启蒙运动），which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800. Before that，philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment，the proper study of humanity was mankind itself.Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume，humanity wasthe right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so findreal evidence of how people think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved for universal benefit.Hume‘s enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method - the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident ofEdinburgh，Adam Smith，famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade，he argued，was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets，we all come to benefit each other.Smith‘s idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide，applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich free and powerful through peace，trade and invention.Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago，the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin（构成……的基础）our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation（方向）。
职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解
职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解92部分：阅读判断16 B Ireland is me best place in the world t0 live in for 2005,…．爱尔兰是2005年世界上最适合居住的地方，……这是文章中的第一句话。
题干说的是：在长达2005年里，爱尔兰一直是世界上最适合于人类居住的地方。
因此，不对。
17 C 题干说的是：工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。
文章第三段提到了工作稳定(job security)，但是没有说工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。
18 A 题干说的是：在爱尔兰生活费用相当高。
这一信息可以从第四段中的词组“the high cost of living”(很高的生活费用)中找到。
19 C 题干说的是：在津巴布韦，家庭生活不稳定。
文章没有提到。
20 A 题干说的是：爱尔兰名居榜首是因为它把新时期的的成分和一些好的传统结合在一起。
这一信息可以从第七段中找到。
21 B 题干说的是：评价生活质量很容易。
第八段是这么说的：The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do．该杂志承认评价生活质量不是一件简单的事。
因此，不对。
22 B 题干说的是：美国在前十名。
事实是它排在第十三名。
有关此信息可以在最后一段找到。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23 C 本文的标题是：即使是聪明人也会失败。
第二和第三段都跟Edison直接相关。
第二段描述的是他的发明创造。
24 D 本段是。
Edison对失败的看法。
第一句话的意思是：生活中的许多失败是半途而废，这些人不知道其实他们放弃时离成功已经是近在咫尺了。
25 A 本段的第一句话是这么说的：没有人喜欢失败，但是聪明的发明家会从中吸取教训。
注意：一个段落的第一句话常常是主题句。
26 B 本段的第一句话是这么说的：两个世纪来，发明家表现出的一个共同品质是弃而不舍。
职称英语考试阅读判断试题及答案
职称英语考试阅读判断试题及答案职称英语考试阅读判断试题及答案下面的'短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最正确标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最正确选项。
Understanding Autism1 Autism (孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear, and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships, munication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly '(费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and munication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.2The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting thoseparts of the brain that process language and information ing in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Geic (遗传的) factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a bination of several “causes”.3 Most people with mental retardation (智力迟钝的)show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits (~欠缺) in certain areas - most frequently in their ability to municate andrelate to others - and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders, since diagnostic (诊断的) confusion may lead to inappropriate andineffective treatment techniques.4 In general, individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists, piano tuners, painters, farm workers, office workers, puter operators, dishwashers, assemblyline workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.23 Paragraph 124 Paragraph 225 Paragraph 326 Paragraph 4A What causes autism?B How mon is autism?C Does autism occur together with other disabilities?D Whutism?F What kinds ofat is the difference between autism and mental retardation?E What is a jobs can individuals with autism do?27 Individuals with autism are particularly weak at28 It is possible that autism happens as a result of29 Autism and mental retardation should be treated with30 A typical feature of people with autism is their unevenA different techniquesB social relationships and municationC language and informationD several causes working togetherE a degree of repetitionF skill development参考答案：23 E 24 A 25 D26 F 27 B 28 D 29 A 30 F。
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阅读判断（第1～7题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object，like a planet，but it is shaped like a sphere （球体）。
Astronomers（天文学家）think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite（无限的）density（稠密）。
This single point is called a singularity （奇点）。
If the singularity theory is correct，it means that when a massive star collapses，all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all，but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do exist，they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.● No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result，they are invisible to a telescope.● In astronomical terms，black holes are truly. For example，a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon（视界）only 18 miles across.● The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion（万亿）miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist.There are still answers to be found，however，so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.1. Black holes are part of space.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned2. Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned3. The center of a black hole is empty.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned5. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned6. The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned7. The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案1A 2A 3B 4C 5C 6B 7A阅读判断（第1～7题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Scotland：A Land of WisdomIn the 1740s，the famous French Philosopher Voltaire said “We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization.” That‘s not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education.According to the American author Arthur Herman，the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most important ideas on which modern life depends - everything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals，but to those people in business，government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world.It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment（启蒙运动），which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800. Before that，philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment，the proper study of humanity was mankind itself.Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume，humanity was the right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of how people think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in andmake concrete suggestions about how they can be improved for universal benefit.Hume‘s enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method - the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh，Adam Smith，famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade，he argued，was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets，we all come to benefit each other.Smith‘s idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich，free and powerful through peace，trade and invention.Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago，the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin（构成……的基础）our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation （方向）。