最新初中英语阅读理解的解题思路和方法

最新初中英语阅读理解的解题思路和方法
最新初中英语阅读理解的解题思路和方法

最新初中英语阅读理解的解题思路和方法

有趣味的记叙文,是学生最喜欢读的

我们要选择题材广泛、篇幅短小、知识充实、内容新颖的阅读材料。同时,在阅读材料的选择上,有目的地进行。要选择一些饶有趣味的篇章,以引起学生的阅读兴致。据调查,学生最喜欢阅读的是有故事情节的记叙文,有趣味才能保持学习的劲头,在选择的内容上要涉及日常生活方方面面的知识,这样才能扩展知识,了解文化,开阔视野。

猜词、一词多意、课外阅读,都是积累词汇的好办法

在实际阅读过程中,碰到生词是无可避免的,这就要求学生掌握一些猜词技巧与方法,提高对文章的阅读理解能力。我们在日常的阅读教学中教给学生如下几种猜词技巧:利用定义、解释说明或同位语来推测;运用构词法知识来推测;根据上下文的提示来推测。

像中文一样,英文词汇也存在一词多意的现象。要结合具体的语境,根据上下文的意思正确理解单词,而不是单凭对词汇某一意义的记忆就胡乱翻译句子的意思。英文单词的多种词性也是非常普遍的,

正确分析句子结构,掌握单词的词性分析名词的可数与否,有助于对句子尤其是长句的理解,从而提高对整篇文章的理解。

词汇学习的最终目的是为了运用,而不是储存。学生在掌握一定的词汇后,就要积极运用,培养其产出意识。实践表明,已学的单词只有通过反复的语言实践才会掌握得更加牢固,才会成为实际运用的语言材料。尽管学生在课内外学习了大量的词汇,但在实际的表达和写作中还是只会使用那些较为初级的词汇和表达方式。因此,要将阅读文章中学到的重点词汇、短语或句式运用到平时的写作中。

课文的篇幅毕竟有限,要想巩固所学词汇,做到熟记活用、熟悉生词,就需要利用多种资源扩大知识面,增加词汇量。有意识加强复习记忆,将生词变成常见词,将消极词汇变成积极词汇。鼓励学生阅读中英文对照浅显的名著,让学生了解一些词汇的地道用法,经常在课外阅读中接触所学的单词,才会加深印象。长期这样坚持下去,就会自然而然地记住许多单词了。

朗读与默读结合,养成好的阅读习惯

根据读的心理机制,适当处理朗读与默读,能增强阅读效果,提高独立阅读的能力。对情节比较生动的阅读材料,利用早自习时间带感情朗读,引导学生在朗读中表达自己的理解,表现自己的个性。同

时加强学生的默读、快读训练。在特定的阅读课里,以限时阅读的形式,逐步锻炼学生阅读速度。

同时,阅读习惯也很重要。帮助学生改掉不良的阅读习惯,如阅读时爱出声、用笔和尺之类的东西指点着助读、每次只能看到一个单词、咬文嚼字、边读边查词典。通过限时训练、传授阅读方法(跳读、略读、寻找关键词句等)改正不良阅读习惯提高阅读速度,尽可能多地为学生创造语言实践的机会,让学生通过阅读、查阅资料,利用已学知识对某个话题进行讨论、辩论、演讲或者写作等途径提高英语的应用能力。

此外,文化背景知识不仅能促进学生的阅读欲望,而且有利于学生对阅读材料的消化吸收和储存。同时提高他们的阅读潜质和知识能力,这样做可以极大地提高学生阅读文本的兴趣,也在很大程度上发展了学生的诸如情感、意志、动机等非智力能力。

初中阅读理解考查的主要内容

首先,初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材多样(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面),体裁形式丰富(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等),这就需要考生在平时对各方面的知识都有

所积累。

其次,阅读理解主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力,包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等。在阅读技巧上,考生要注意文章的个别词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的主题或背景知识、文章的结论或结局、文章的寓意等。

最后,从问题设置上可以将问题总结为四种类型:

(一)直接题目:这种题目比较简单,只要通读全文,了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节,就可以解答出来,有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的。

(二)理解性问题:要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子做出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文,甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。此类猜测词义的题目,要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。

(三)推理性题目:这种题目考生往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而需要根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得考虑作者的主旨、倾向等因素加以推理,

才能获得正确答案。此类题目主要考查的是句与句之间,段与段之间的逻辑关系。

(四)概括性题目:要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题思想,标题或目的。解这种题目时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题、主题、结论、结局等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断,从而获取文章中内含的信息。

阅读理解题的解题技巧

明确了阅读理解题的考查要点以后,我们现在来研究阅读理解题的方法和技巧。

1.获取段落的主旨和大意。最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章(或一段文章)通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。因此,理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点:1)表述的意思比较概括,相对其主句来看,这种概括性更为明显。2)句子结构较简单,多数都不

采用长、难句的形式。3)段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。

在一个段落中,大部分主题句的位置有两种:1)主题句在段首。这种情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文,议论文大都采用先总述,后分述的叙事方法。2)主题句在段末。用归纳法写文章时,往往表述细节的句子在前,概述性的句子在后,并以此结尾。这种位于句末的主题句往往是对前面细节的总结,归纳或结论。

2.根据上下文猜测词义。猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实词,只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。上下文的作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此,我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义,即从已知推求未知,也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。

猜测词义时,我们可以从三个方面来考虑:1)根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。根据上下文猜测词义的方法有下列几种:根据定义或解释猜测词义;根据并列、同位关系猜测词义;根据同义、反义、因果关系猜测词义。2)运用语法知识进行语法分析。3)依靠常识和经验做出判断。

3、确定细节和事实。在阅读理解题目中,有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点:

(1)凡属针对特定细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语,也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子,但句式、用词和表达方式不同。

(2)干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂,正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂,甚至真假混杂。因此,要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目,一要在文章中找出相应的信息点,二要排除干扰项。

4.进行合理推断。所谓推断,就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息,推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分,从中推断出未知部分。需要推断的有关文字可能是词或句子,也可能是若干句子,甚至是全文。

初中英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1.根据短文内容,判断正误。 Dear Alan, Guess what? I have a chance to choose my new place to live in. I am excited and a little nervous. Could you please give me some help? I am not sure whether I will live in a house or in an apartment. On the one hand, a house will be too big for just one person, so maybe I should rent an apartment, On the other hand, if I rent a house, I could find someone else to share with me. The only problem is that a house full of people might be too noisy for me. I prefer to have my own space. The city has some nice apartments, but they are also too expensive. However, if I could find a two-bedroom apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet. You know I can not live with someone who is loud and messy. I do not have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location. I probably need to look for somewhere near a bus stop or an underground station. That way I will have more time to study and spend less time travelling. I'm looking forward to your reply. Love, Victor (1)Victor feels excited because he can decide where to live. (2)Victor wants to share the house with a(an)neat and quiet person. (3)If Victor finds a roommate, he will waste money. (4)Victor doesn't have a car, so he wants a two-bed-room apartment (5)Victor also needs to think carefully about the location. 【答案】(1)1 (2)1 (3)0 (4)0 (5)1 【解析】【分析】主要讲了Victor写信向Alan询问怎样选择新居住地。 (1)细节题。根据I have a chance to choose my new place to live in. I am excited and a little nervous.可知Victor是兴奋的,因为他有机会选择新住址,故选正确。 (2)细节题。根据I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet.可知Victor希望舍友是干净和文静的,故选正确。 (3)细节题。根据However, if I could find a two-bedroom apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. 可知Victor找到舍友后会平分房租,所以不是浪费钱,故选错误。 (4)细节题。根据I do not have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location.可知Victor没有车,所以也需要仔细考虑位置,而不是想要一个两间卧室的公寓,故选错误。(5)细节题。根据I do not have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location.可知

(完整版)初中典型英语阅读理解题目及答案

(一)初中英语阅读理解 Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things home for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them. Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk. We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?" "It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry." "Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back." "We can't ".said my sister. "Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!" 1.The writer and Mary didn't know______. A.what Zip's first present was B.how Zip carried its first present home C.who owned Zip's first present D.what Zip's first present was made of 2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______. A.the dog likes keeping things B.the dog likes playing with shoes C.he doesn't know the dog's name D.he can't pronounce the word "sheep"well 3.What made the shoe strange was ______. A.its colour B.its smell C.its size D.that it was a silk one 4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____" A.keeping things for itself B.bringing things for other to keep C.not letting it run about D.taking care of a small child 5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____. A. likes to give presents to people B.has been kept in at the writer's home C.has brought some trouble D.likes to be called "the keep dog" Key: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C

初中英语阅读理解-7选5专项练习(有答案)

初中英语阅读理解--7选5专项练习 (1) While lead (铅) poisoning is serious, parents can take steps to reduce the risk for theirChildren 1 Take Notes : start by checking to see if you own any items recalled by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Get rid of any toys with chipped paint, or other broken and damaged parts. Not sure it contains lead 2 Clean Up : to avoid leaf exposure from sources in the home, keep floors and other play areas clean and free of dust and pieces. 3 Store toys off the floor in a clean place. And if you live in house with lead pipes, running cold water for a few minutes and using a water filter (过滤器) can reduce lead levels. Buy Smart : avoid no-name produce and be careful when you buy items at dollar stores, street fairs, thrift stores or yard sales. 4 Even if they don’t contain lead, they could become a choking hazard(危险). Also make sure the arts and crafts supplies you buy are non-toxic and designed for children’s use. Get Tested : children with lead poisoning may not have easily recognizable symptoms. 5 This might mean that there will be a lot of tests that turn out normal, but it’s better than sitting around and worrying. Testing is especially important if you and your children live in a home with peeling paint or if your home was painted before 1978, when the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the sale of lead-based paints.

初中英语阅读理解及答案-简单的教学教材

初中英语阅读理解及答案-简单的

阅读理解1 Babies love chocolate and sometimes they also eat the paper around it. My cat enjoys a meal of good, thick paper, old letters, for example. She does not like newspapers very much Of course, the best paper comes from wood. Wood comes from trees, and trees are plants. Vegetables and fruit are plants, too, and we eat a lot of them. So can we also eat wood and paper? Scientists say, "All food comes in some way from plants." Well, is that true? Animals eat grass and grow fat. Then we eat their meat. Little fish eat little sea-plants, then bigger fish swim along and eat the ……Chickens eat bits of grass and give us…… Think for a minute. What food does not come from plants in some way? Scientists can do wonderful things with plants. They can make food just like meat and cheese. And they can make it without the help of animals. It is very good food, too. Now they have begun to say, "We make our paper from wood. We can also make food from wood. The next thing is not very difficult." What is the next thing? Perhaps it is—food from paper. Scientists say, "We can turn paper into food. It will be good, cheap food, too, cheaper than meat or fish or eggs." So please keep your old books and letters. (Don't feed [喂] your cat.) One day, they will be on your plate, if what scientists say may come true. 1. The writer asks us to keep our old books and letters because _____. A. they are useful for reading B. They may be used to feed cats C. We can make food from them soon D. we can read them at breakfast 2. From the passage (段落), we can infer(推断) that _____ do not come from plants in some way. A. few kinds of food B. meat and fish C. cheese and chicken D. wood and paper 阅读理解2 Mr. Lee was in bed and was trying to go to sleep when he heard the bell ring. He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o'clock. "Who can it be at this time of night?" He thought. He decided to go and find out. So he got of bed, put on his dressing gown (浴袍) and went to the door. When he opened the door, there was nobody there. "That is very strange." Then he went back to his bedroom, took off his dressing gown, got back into bed ,turned off the light and tried to go to sleep. A few minutes later he heard the bell again. Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. He closed the door and tried not to feel angry. Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. He picked it up. There were some words on it : "It is now after midnight(午夜), so it is April Fool's Day (禺人节) . April fool to you!" "Oh , it was the English boy next door!" Mr. Lee exclaimed (惊叫) and almost smiled. He went back to bed and feel asleep at once. The bell did not ring again. 1. When did Mr. Lee go to bed? He went to bed _______. A. before twelve o'clock B. after twelve o'clock C. when the bell rang D. when he saw the boy 2. Why did he rush to the door when he heard the bell ring the second time? A. He wanted to open the door for the visitor B. He wanted to find out who the visitor was. C. He was afraid of the ring D. He was waiting for someone. 3. From this passage, we learn that we can _______ on April Fool's Day. A. say "Hello" to each other B. dance and sing at night C. play jokes on each other D. send pressents to children 4. What did Mr. Lee think about the English boy? He thought he _________. A. was a good boy B. was friendly with him C. shouldn't ring the bell at midnight D. did a dangerous thing just now 阅读理解3 In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited . About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way . Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除

初中英语阅读理解练习题及解析

初中英语阅读理解练习题及解析 一、阅读理解 1.根据短文内容出选择正确答案。 A A farmer had a brother in town who was a gardener, and his brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees. So his skill and his beautiful trees were famous everywhere. One day the farmer went into the town to visit his brother, and was surprised at the trees that grew quite well. "Look, my brother," said the gardener. "I will give you an apple tree, the best from my garden, and you, and your children, and your children's children will enjoy it." Then the gardener called his workmen and ordered them to take up the tree and carry it to his brother's farm. They did so, and the next morning the farmer began to wonder where he should plant it. "If I plant it on the hill," he said to himself, "the wind might catch it and shake down the delicious fruit before it is ripe. If I plant it close to the road, passersby will see it and take away the apples--but if I plant it too near the door of my house, my children may pick the fruit." So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree behind his barn (谷仓). Time passed, but the tree had no fruit the first year, nor the second-then the farmer called his brother. When the gardener came, the farmer said angrily, "You have cheated me, and given me a useless tree instead of a fruitful one. This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves! " The gardener laughed and said, "See where the tree was planted, it has no sun or warmth. How could you expect flowers and fruit?" (1)From the passage, we can see the farmer planted the apple tree A. behind his barn B. on the hill C. close to the road D. near his house (2)The underlined word "ripe" means "__________" in Chinese. A. 挂果 B. 成熟 C. 开花 D. 成长 (3)What is NOT mentioned in the fifth paragraph? A. What happened to the apple tree. B. Why the farmer got angry with his brother. C. What kind of man the farmer was. D. Why the farmer called his brother. (4)Which of the following is NOT true? A. The farmer's brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees. B. The gardener gave his brother the best apple tree from his garden. C. No flowers, fruit or leaves were on the apple tree. D. The farmer thought his brother gave him a useless tree. (5)What do you know from the end of the story?

初中英语阅读理解精选20篇(含答案)

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