句子的种类及主谓一致
句子结构与主谓一致
(1)：情态动词：can ,could
(2): 助动词do，does
1:动词分类(3): 系动词be ( is / am / are )
(4): 实义动词(有实际意义的动词，如go去；like喜欢)
(1) 主表
2：句子结构(2) 主宾
注意：(车多，需要的车轮也多)
主语为复数，那后面的系/谓语动词也要用复数（本身）形式
为第3人称单数形式，那后面的系/谓语动词也要用3单形式
3: 名词变复数
4：动词变单三
be动词（is/am/are ）各种形式使用情况
5：一般疑问句：由陈述句变化而来（用yes/no回答的句子）比如：
句型转换与回答：
be (is/am/are)或者can 与will 等
6:特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词开头的问句，不用yes/no回答
常见特殊疑问词为：谁(who)？什么时候(when)？为什么(why)？什么课(what subject) ？怎么（how）？哪里(where)？谁的（whose）？…….
比如：
再比如：
总结：
特殊疑问句= 特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句。
(完整版)英语语法主谓一致
主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。
2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。
（1）法一致原：主和在法形式上保持一致。
主数，用数；主复数，用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.（2）意一致原：主和在意上复数一致。
主数，用数；主复数，用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.（3）就近素来原：当主有两个或两个以上，由凑近它的主确定。
并列主的一致1.And（1）两个数名用and 接，表示不同样看法，用复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.（2）两个数名用 and 接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个看法，或表示不可以切割的整体，用数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.（3）被 every， each， many a， no 等限制的数名由 and 接，仍用数，其中，后一个限制可以省略。
every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every，each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each，no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.（4）一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修，可以指一件事或几件事，种名作主，要依照意一致的原决定复数。
（5）由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主，要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.（言不衷心致）What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主，常和近的主一致。
高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习
高中英语主谓一致精析及强化训练一）主谓一致的种类1．语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
如：The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike.2．意义上一致1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
如：The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, , cattle,等。
2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
如：The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics, economics等。
特殊词解析：1. majoritythe majority表示“大多数”时，为集合名词；单独用作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：The majority agree [agrees] with me. 大多数人同意我的意见。
The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。
但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语，则谓语通常要用复数。
如：The majority are young people.2. “the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，如：The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分书藏在楼上。
The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.minority作主语时谓语用单数还是复数minority表示“少数”时，为集合名词；单独用作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式（具体用法与majority大致同相）。
英语语法之主谓一致总结
英语语法之主谓⼀致总结英语语法之主谓⼀致总结 总结就是把⼀个时段的学习、⼯作或其完成情况进⾏⼀次全⾯系统的总结，它能够使头脑更加清醒，⽬标更加明确，让我们好好写⼀份总结吧。
总结怎么写才不会千篇⼀律呢？下⾯是⼩编帮⼤家整理的英语语法之主谓⼀致总结，仅供参考，⼤家⼀起来看看吧。
英语语法之主谓⼀致总结1 1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语 谓语动词的数通常⽤单数(即遵循语法⼀致的原则)： Many a child was playing there. 很多⼩孩在那⼉玩。
More than one student has failed the exam. 不⽌⼀个学⽣考试未及格。
2. each ⽤于复数名词后作同位语 此时谓语动词⽤复数： They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每⼈都有⼀本英汉词典。
The young people each carry a big bag. 这些年轻⼈个个背着⼀个⼤袋⼦。
3. 主语后接in addition to, with, along with, together with, except, but等介词 其后的动词形式取决介词前主语： Nothing but trees was to be seen. 除了树⽊之外什么也看不见。
No one except my parents knows anything about this. 除我⽗母外没⼈知道此事。
Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。
4. means作主语 名词means(⽅法)单数与复数同形，⽤作主语时，其谓语的单复数要视具体含义⽽定(尤其注意其前的修饰语)： These means are very good. 这些⽅法很好。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义：主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。
●功能：确保句子语法正确，意义清晰。
●主谓关系：主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系，这种关系决定了谓语的形式。
二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。
⏹不可数名词作为主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理：如“either...or...”结构中，根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。
1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。
⏹集合名词作为主语时，需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理：如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。
1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。
⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时，需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。
1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时，需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。
⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时，谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。
三、实践与练习
●练习题：提供一些练习题，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。
●答案解析：对练习题进行详细的答案解析，帮助学生理解自己的错误，并给出正确的用法建议。
四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结，强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性，并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。
高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语
高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致.主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料，快来学习学习吧!高中英语语法专题主谓一致一. 就近原则：在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例： 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.二. 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数;指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。
例：1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例： 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
英语主谓一致、名词的格、五大句型
五大句型S + V 主+谓•此句型的句子有一个一起特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
•这种动词叫不及物动词。
后面能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
•这种句型的动词大多数是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，确实是这种动词后不能够直接接宾语，常见的动词如：work，sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive ,come, die disappear, cry, happen等。
•例句：•Li Ming works very hard.•The accident happened yesterday afternoon.•Spring is coming.•We have lived in the city for ten years.•Time flies.•Class begins.•The man doesn't work.•We all laughed.•Everybody has arrived.•The sun rises.S + V + Cs 主+系+表•一起特点：句子的谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必需加上一个说明谓语身份或状态的表语组成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。
这种动词叫做连系动词.。
系动词分两类：be look feel smell 等属一类，表示情形，get grow become,•turn 等属于另一类，表示转变。
be 本身没成心义，只起连系主语和表语作用。
•这种句型要紧用来表示主语的特点，身份等。
系动词分为两类：一状态。
如此的动词有：be, look seem, smell, taste, sound, keep 等。
•例句•This kind of food tastes delicious.•He looked worried just now.S+V+O主+谓+宾•一起特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必需跟有一个宾语，即动作的经受者，才能使意思完整。
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句子的种类一陈述句1）肯定句I am a sixteen-year-old German student.2）否定句１）在be, have, will, shall, can, need, must, may, should, would, could 后直接加note.g Lily and Liz are twins. Lily and Liz aren’t twins.2) 在助动词do, does 或did 后加not, 再把它们放在行为动词前面，而行为动词原形e.g .She finished her homework yesterday She didn’t finish her homework yesterday3) 否定句可有其他形式表示．如句中出现no, nobody, few, little, neither, hardly, nor, never 等There is little time left.Neither of my parents is a teacher.4) think, believe, suppose, feel 以及expect等动词构成的宾语从句在主句否定I don’t think he is a great man, is he?5) 肯定句变否定句或者疑问句时some, something, somebody要改成any, anything, anybody；and改成or; already改成yet; too改成either3) 倒装1. 肯定句So + be/情态动词/助动词+主语So am I. So do I. So can I2. 否定句Neither/Nor + be/情态动词/助动词+主语Neither do I.3. 确实是So +主语+ be/情态动词/助动词Linda studies hard.So she does, and so do I3. there beThere is an apple and some bananas.4 here, thereHere comes the bus. Here is your bag.二疑问句１．一般疑问句be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语Is he here?Has he finished the homework yet?2. 用yes或者no回来，也可以用certainly, of course, of course not等回答3. 否定疑问句的回答与事实相符合Isn’t he a student? 难道他不是学生吗？Y es, he is. 不，他是学生。
No, he isn’t. 是的，他不是学生。
2. 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问句词加一般疑问句构成．它不能用Y es 或No 回答常见的特殊疑问词有what, who, whom, when, what time, where, why, which, whose, how old, how many＋可数名词复数，how much＋不可数名词, how long, how far, how fast, how soon1). 疑问词who, what 作主语或主语的一部分时，用陈述语序Which picture is the best?What happened to him just now?Who has lunch fastest at school in our class?2)．疑问词when, where, why, how 等加一般疑问句．When will you go to the airport to meet your uncle?Where is Li Ping?Why didn’t she go to the cinema last night?How long have you lived here?3 选择疑问句在疑问句中, 用or 连接两个或两个以上等同成分的单词或词组,让别人进行选择,不能用Y es 或No 来回答,而只能是选择其中之一,或全选,或全不选来回答.它可以有以下两种形式A 由一般疑问句开头eg. Is there any coffee or water in the cup? ----There is coffee.B 由特殊疑问句开头eg. Who gets up earlier, your father or your mother? –My father.４．反意疑问句，回答时用Y es 或No．：1) 前肯后否，前否后肯，反义部分主语用代词; this, that改成it, these, those改成they，there不变He is a student, isn’t he?This is a pen, isn’t it?There won’t be a meeting, will there?2) 表否定的词，no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nothing, nobody等He has little money, does he?3) has/have表示有或者不得不时用助动词does, do, 当has/have表示完成时, 还是用has, haveHe has money, doesn’t he?We have to leave now, do we?He has finished the homework, hasn’t he?4) 主语是动名词，不定式时，用it 代替Keeping healthy is important, isn’t it?5) 以think, expect等引导的宾语从句的否定句，分两种情况当think的主语是第一人称时，只需要看从句I don’t think he is a student, is he?当think的主语不是第一人称时，看主句He thinks it’s a very important thing, doesn’t he?6) 祈使句的反义疑问句用will you或者won’t you，其中let’s 用shall we, let us 用will youOpen the door, will you?Let’s go shopping, shall we?Mom, let us go shopping, will you?7) 反义疑问句的回答必须根据事实，yes+肯定，no+否定He is a good boy, isn’t he?Y es, he is. 不，他是好男孩。
No, he isn’t. 是的，他不是好男孩。
三、祈使句1）肯定句，be动词或者动词原形开头。
Be quiet.Open the door.2) 否定句，don’t再加be动词或者动词原形。
Don’t be so noisy.Don’t open the door.3) 祈使句与条件状语从句的互相转换：祈使句+ and +一般将来时，表示―这样的话‖。
Stand up and you can see it clearly.祈使句+ or + 一般将来时，表示―否则……‖Get up now or you will be late.4) 祈使句与动名词祈使句表示请求别人做某事，用be动词或者动词原形开头Open the door. 请打开门。
动名词开头表示一种观点，后面还需要be动词或者动词Opening the door is good for us. 打开门对我们有好处。
四、感叹句1、What 引导的感叹句１）What + a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What a beautiful voice she has!她的声音多美啊！２）What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！What kind doctors they are!他们是多好的医生啊！３）What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What good news it is!2、How 引导的感叹句①How+形容词+主语+谓语！How clever you are!②How+副词+主语+谓语！How well the girl dances!3、―What + a (an) +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！‖句型可转换为―How+形容词+主语+ 谓语！‖句型。
What a clever boy he is! How clever the boy is!五. 主谓一致1. 谓语用单数everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, no one, everything, something, anything, nothing, either neither, the other, each one, another等Everybody is here.each, every one, either, neither等+of+名词复数+谓语单数Either of the books is ok.2. 动名词以及不定式作主语，谓语也用单数Reading books is important.3. 时间，价格，距离，重量等复数词语作主语，谓语用单数Five dollars is enough.10 years is quite a long time.4. 只需要看前面（就远原则）with, together with, as well as, but, besides, except, including, rather than等The boy with his parents is watching TV.He as well as his friends likes swimming.Everybody except Tom and Jim is here.5. 就近原则or, not only…but (also), either …or, neither …nor, there beNeither he nor I am a student.6. some, the rest, half ,all或者百分数以及分数+of+名词，谓语与名词保持一致，可数名词复数则谓语用复数，不可数名词或者可数名词的的单数则谓语用单数The rest of water is dirty. The rest of books are mine.7. a number of 谓语用复数，the number of谓语用单数A number of students are here.The number of students is 50.8. pair, kind, type作短语时，谓语只需要看pair, kind和typeA pair of shoes is enough.Two kinds of pens are needed.9. who, which, what作主语时，一般用单数Who is it?10 the+形容词表示一类人，谓语用复数The old are taken good care of.中考演练Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)1. He can hardly read any Japanese ,______________?A. can heB. can’t heC. does heD. doesn’t he2. The girl needs some help, ___________she ?A. doesB. doesn’tC. needsD. needn’t3. A: _____________did you stay there ? B: For a few months.A. How longB. What timeC. HowD. How far4. A: Does she like dancing or singing ? B: __________ .A. Y es, she doesB. No , she doesn’tC. She likes dancingD. She like singing.5. The little boy was __________clever _________he worked out the problem in a few minutes.A. such------thatB. so------enoughC. so----thatD. too------to6. Not only you but also I _________good at playing football.A. areB. isC. wereD. am7. Either he or you ___________ right.A. isB. areC. to beD. was8. Look at the girl at the table , could you tell me who___________?A. is sheB. she isC. was sheD. she was )9. I don’t know_____________.A. where he lives nowB. where is he living nowC. where he living is nowD. he is living where10. Neither of the waiters ___________Japanese in the hotel.A. knowsB. knowC. sayD. says11.He’s seldom late for school,______________ ___________ ?A. hasn’t heB. isn’tC. has heD. is he12. Let’s take a walk outside ,___________ _____________?A. don’t weB. wi ll youC. shall weD. have we13. ___________do you prefer , rice or noodles ?A. WhatB. WhichC. HowD. When14. A: ______________is it from our school to the museum? B: About 20 minutes’ walk.A. How longB. How fastC. How farD. How soon.15. A: ______________does Peter weigh now ? B: 44 kilosA. How heavyB. HowC. How muchD. What16. Don’t drink too much coffee in the evening , __________you won’t fall asleep.A. andB. orC. butD. so17. Study hard , ______________you will catch up with others.A. andB. orC. butD. so18. The war was over about three months ago, _____ the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with.A. orB. andC. butD. so19.The doctors tried their best to sav e the patient’s life, _____ failed.A. orB. soC. butD. because.20. In spring it is __________hot ___________cold in Shanghai.A. both---andB. either---orC. neither---norD. not only---but also21. _________you __________your sister can join us. We want just one of you.A. Both---andB. Both---orC. Neither---norD. Either---or22. We can use MSN to talk with each other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me __________it ?A. what to useB. how to useC. how can I useD. what I can use23. I’ll go for a walk with you as soon as this composition__________-.A. finishesB. is finishedC. will be finishedD. finished24. I was watching an interesting TV play ________the telephone rang.A. whenB. whileC. soonD. as25. __________Australia is very large ,_____________its population is quite small.A. Though----butB. /----so thatC. /----butD. As----/26.A: —_______________do you clean your classroom ? B:—Every day.A. How muchB. How longC. How oftenD. How soon27.___________useful information you have given me ! Thank you very much .A. HowB. What anC. WhatD. What a28. They hardly have lunch at home, _____________?A. do theyB. have theyC. don’t theyD. haven’t they29. ______________important piece of news she’s told me !A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. What an30. ________________freezing weather it is ! The river is covered with thick ice.A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. What an。