实用英汉翻译技巧与实践(Chapter 1&2)
英译汉翻译技巧及方法1

英译汉翻译的基本程序
• Soon got, soon gone. 来得容易,去的快。
3. 加词法
• 这种方法就是在翻译时按意义上、修辞上、和句法 上的需要增加一些虽无其词而有其意的词典来更忠 实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。这种方法是加词不 加意。如:
• a. -The son: How much did you suffer?" -The old man: " Plenty." 孩子: "你吃了多少苦"? 老人:"一言难 尽" 这里"plenty" 不译作"很多",而译作"一言难尽" 更佳。
• d. I like Chinese food. Lots of people do these days, sort
4. 减词法
• 减词法与增词法相反,即在翻译时,把原句中出现的一 些词不译出来,或是删去一些虽有词而无其意的词,使 译文更清楚、更简洁
• a. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 天未下雨, 但叶落草枯。 (本句若译成"天没有雪, 但树叶从树上落下来,草枯 死了"就远不如前一句译文简明洗炼)。
• 1.通读并透彻理解原文。翻译之前仔细研读 原文,解决好“翻译什么”的问题。边读边 琢磨,确切理解原文所述事物本身的含义与 之相关的外延联想,如原句的中心意思是什 么,有没有褒贬义或寓意,对其中的修饰语 的把握等。
1-5:英汉互译实践与技巧 (课堂PPT)

《现代汉语词典》:“翻译是把一种语言文字的 意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。”
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Ⅱ. Nature and Scope of Translation
翻译的性质和范围
Nature性质:
Translation is not a word for word activity
许建平 《英汉互译实践与技巧》清华大学出版社 2006年 郭著章、李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》武汉大学出版社
1996年 张培基 《英汉翻译教程》上海外语教育出版社 1980年 张光明 《英语实用文体翻译》中国科学技术大学出版社
2009年 连淑能 《英汉对比研究》高等教育出版社 1993年 李瑞华 《英汉语言文化对比研究》上海外语教育出版社
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Ⅱ. Nature and Scope of Translation 翻译的性质和范围
英 国 翻 译 教 育 家 Peter Newmark : “ It is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. 翻译是按作者的创造意图把一篇文章的意思 用另一种语言描述出来的过程。”
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实用文体翻译1:简历 实用文体翻译2:求职信 实用文体翻译3:通知 实用文体翻译4:致辞 实用文体翻译5:企业或学校简介 实用文体翻译6:六级英语 实用文体翻译7:考研英语 实用文体翻译8:新闻英语 实用文体翻译9:论文题目、摘要 实用文体翻译10:科技英语
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Suggested reading books and websites
英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter One Introduction to Translation

[点评] :
(1)译文1中,well-paved确是“铺设得很好的”,可是,一见到well或good
[译就译文成1“]:好铺”,设显得得很语言好贫的乏公。事路实经上过,英一语排里排的这整两洁个的词在,汉现译代时有的很房多屋译法,。 如:a这w些ell房-be屋ha坐ved落gi在rl“树举中止得。体的姑娘”
[译文]: 我们都会想念他的,但我们祝愿他退休后快乐,长寿。 4. He has enough money to burn.
[译文]: 他有花不完的钱。 5. Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep?
[译文]: 你为什么要引狼入室?
General Introduction to Translation
expression)。
General Introduction to Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
以作者和读者为取向
Chapter One
• 这类翻译标准或原则的共同特点是:翻译既要“忠实”又要 “通顺”,即译文必须既要考虑到原作者又要考虑到译文的 读者。
• 所谓忠实,首先指忠实于原作的内容。译者必须把原作的内 容完整而准确地表达出来,不得有任何篡改、歪曲、遗漏阉 割或任意增删的现象。其次还应保持原作的风格——即原作 的民族风格、时代风格、语体风格、作者个人的语言风格等。 译者对原作的风格不能任意破坏和改变,不能以译者的风格 代替原作的风格。
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
以作者和读者为取向
Chapter One
十八世纪末的英国学者亚历山大·泰特勒(Alexander Fraser Tytler,1747-1814)在《论翻译的原则》(Essay on the Principles of Translation)一书中提出了著名的翻译三 原则:
完整word版段落翻译与实践英汉互译1

Part II段落翻译与实践I. 汉译英1. 和平统一1)促进统一,就要有个适当的方式。
2)所以我们建议举行两党平等会谈,实行第三次合作。
3)大陆和台湾有不同的意识形态,实行不同的政治制度,但绝不能让这一点妨碍我们发展两岸关系,实现和平统一的大业。
1)To promote the reunification of the motherland, we must find a proper means.2)So we suggest that the two Parties hold a talk on an equal footing and try for a third-time cooperation. 3) The fact the mainland and Taiwan have adopted different ideologies and political systems should not be allowed to stand in the way of developing the relations between two sides of the Taiwan Straits and achieving the peaceful reunification.2.大学生…1)现在大学生的学习压力相当重。
2)除了大四,他们开始找工作了,其余的学生总是忙于学习,而不愿参加校园团体和俱乐部,不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动,不愿与他们的朋友玩玩,不愿关心和学习没有关系的事。
3)总之,他们就像一个机器人。
4)压力大,时间少,功课多。
5)看到同寝室里的人都上图书馆去学习,到深夜闭馆才回,而自己却去看电影,他们就会有一种内疚感。
6)一想到白天什么事都没干,心里就感到不安,会整夜因此睡不着觉。
7)他们学习太紧张,几乎没有时间好好品尝生活,干些其他事,成为一个全面发展的人。
8)读大学使他们失去太多的个人幸福和健康。
翻译技巧与实践1

wonderful time during my summer vacation.
• 4) Her story is one of the saddest.
• 纯属谎言,我连一个字都不会相信。
• 嘿,伙计!别给我来这一套。我才不相信 你的鬼话呢!
• 长话短说,暑假期间我们玩得很愉快。
• 她的遭遇算是最悲惨的了
Practice these after class
• He killed time everyday at the park.
• moon
• He moons about in the street.
• Such a chance comes once in a blue moon.
• broken
• 跑得了和尚跑不了庙。 • The monk ran away, but the temple won’t run with him. • 你死了,我去当和尚。
• a broken man
• a broken soldier
• broken Correspondence at the world level
• 1) word- for –word correspondence • 2)one word with multiple equivalents • 3) One word with multiple equivalents of
the world • 阳:The strong active male principle or force in
the world
Difference in the Aspect of Sentence
• 1. subject • 2. predicate • 3. attributive • 4. sentence order
翻译技巧与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下东北农业大学

翻译技巧与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下东北农业大学东北农业大学第一章测试1.()认为翻译是两种语言的话语转换活动;侧重于语言单位字词句段落以及篇章的转换。
A:语言学派 B:社会符号学派 C:交际学派答案:语言学派2.翻译分类,从涉及到的语言符号来分类,翻译分为()A:语际翻译 B:语内翻译 C:符际翻译答案:语际翻译;语内翻译;符际翻译3.英译汉属于符际翻译。
()A:错 B:对答案:错4.小说改编成电影,就是文学符号转换成了影像符号的符际翻译。
()A:错 B:对答案:对5.逆译是把本族语(Native Language)译为外族语(Foreign Language)。
()A:对 B:错答案:对6.把汉语文本译为英语文本,对于以英语作为母语的英美人来说就是顺译。
()A:对 B:错答案:对7.多用于外交会晤、学术研讨和参观游览等场合,要求译员趁谈话间隙把一段话语(Discourse)迅速而准确地通过口头翻译转达给听者属于()。
A:笔译 B:机器翻译 C:口译答案:口译8.被郁达夫称之为“翻译界的金科玉律”,影响最大的翻译标准()A:傅雷的“形似神似” B:钱钟书“化境” C:严复的“信、达、雅”答案:严复的“信、达、雅”9.翻译过程可分为()A:实施阶段 B:准备阶段 C:校核阶段答案:实施阶段;准备阶段;校核阶段10.译者要具备()能力。
A:语言水平 B:知识水平 C:翻译水平答案:语言水平;知识水平;翻译水平第二章测试1.Every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。
划线的部分在翻译时采用了______ 的翻译方法()。
A:词义的褒贬 B:词义的抽象化引申 C:词义的具体化引申 D:词义的选择答案:词义的抽象化引申2.I was not one to let my heart rule my head. 我不是那种让感情支配理智的人。
英汉互译翻译和实践技巧1_12单元参考答案解析

Unit11.Every life has its roses and thorns.人生总是有苦有乐, 甘苦参半。
(人生的道路既铺满鲜花, 又充满荆棘.)2.I’ll have Lisa where I want her.我要丽莎去哪里她就得去哪里3.He carried his age astonishingly well.他一点儿都不显老,面容年轻得令人惊讶。
4.She’d never again believe anything in trousers.她再也不愿相信任何男人了.5.He was a dead shot.However,he met his Waterloo this time.他是一个神枪手,可这一次却遭到惨败。
/ 他遭遇了滑铁卢。
6.Nixon was pleased by the distinction,but not overwhelmed.尼克松对受到的破格礼遇非常高兴,但并没有受宠若惊。
7.Yet China was a land of constant surprise and shifting impression.而中国是一片令人惊讶、日新月异的土地。
8.After the failure of his last novel,his reputation stands on slippery ground. 、他上一篇小说写砸了, 他的名声从此岌岌可危.9.Mrs.Sawyer looked radiant,too,and for the first time gobbled up her dinner likea little pig.索耶太太也容光焕发,第一次大口大口吃饭,活像一只小猪。
10.He walked at the head of the funeral procession,and every now and then wipedhis crocodile tears with a big handkerchief.他走在送葬队伍的前头,还不时有哪个一条大手绢抹去他那鳄鱼的眼泪。
英汉互译实用教程(一)

英汉互译实用教程(一)英汉互译实用教程1. 简介该教程旨在帮助读者掌握英汉互译的实用技巧和方法,以便更准确地进行翻译工作。
2. 基本原则在进行英汉互译时,我们需要遵守以下几个基本原则:•准确性:翻译应尽量准确传达原文的含义。
•通顺性:翻译应符合目标语言的表达习惯,通顺易懂。
•简洁性:尽量使用简洁明了的语言表达,避免冗长复杂的句子结构。
•场景适应性:根据不同的场景和目的,采用相应的翻译方式。
3. 实用技巧在进行英汉互译时,可采用以下实用技巧来提高翻译质量:•词汇对应:寻找准确的词汇对应关系,确保翻译准确。
•短语搭配:注意短语的搭配习惯,避免直译。
•语法结构:理解并掌握英语和汉语的语法结构,确保句子通顺。
•上下文理解:通过上下文理解原文的意思,以便更好地进行翻译。
•文化差异:考虑文化差异对翻译的影响,尽量做到意译。
4. 实例演练下面是一些实例演练,旨在帮助读者更好地理解和掌握英汉互译的实用技巧:1.英文句子:“The cat is on the table.” - 翻译成中文:“猫在桌子上。
”2.中文句子:“这是我的手机。
” - 翻译成英文:“This is my cell phone.”3.英文短语:“It’s raining cats and dogs.” -翻译成中文:“下大雨了。
”4.中文短语:“明天见。
” - 翻译成英文:“See youtomorrow.”5. 注意事项在进行英汉互译时,需注意以下几个事项:•专有名词:对于专有名词,应保持与原文一致。
•文化差异:根据不同的文化背景,适当进行意译,以便更好地传达信息。
•翻译细节:注意细节的处理,如时态、人称、单复数等。
6. 总结通过本教程的学习,读者可以掌握英汉互译的实用技巧和方法,提高翻译准确性和表达流畅度。
在实践中不断积累经验,不断提升翻译能力,才能成为一名出色的创作者。
希望本教程能帮助到您,在英汉互译的道路上取得更好的成绩!7. 深度学习在提高英汉互译能力的过程中,深度学习是一个重要的方向。
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An Applied Course in English-Chinese Translation Skills and Practice实用英汉翻译技巧与实践(Definition of Translation)1.2 翻译的原则(Principles of Translation)忠实(Faithfulness)通顺(Smoothness)1.3 翻译的基本步骤(Basic Steps in Translation)a. 原文理解(Comprehension of Source Texts)•词义确定(Determination of Word Meaning)It is quite another story now.The officials concerned refused to confirm the story in the Post.The white-haired girl's story is one of the saddest.A young man came to police station with a story.•语法分析(Grammatical Analysis)W hile I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.•逻辑判断(Logical Judgement)H e bought a picture of the house which many people thought to be replica.•文体把握(Understanding of Style)旅游景点警示语:路滑, 小心跌倒!译1:The road is slippery, fall down carefully!译2:The path is so slippery that you should be careful not to fall down.译3:Slippery // Wet path!b.译文表达(Expression of Target Texts)c. 译文校核(Proofreading of Target Texts)1.4 翻译的主要方法(Major Translation Approaches)a. 直译法(Literal Translation)p aper tigerl ose facer unning dogG ood to begin well, better to end well.b. 意译法(Free Translation)Q ueen’s Englishs mall talkr eceive glove moneyE very life has its roses and thorns.c. 归化法(Domestication)b lack sheepa s timid as a hared.异化法(Foreignization)1.5 翻译的常用技巧(Practical Translation Skills)异&选择(Choice of Word Meaning)一词多义(Polysemous Words)•New homes are for sale.•I’ll see her home tonight.•He’s at home with classics.•Maternity home costs in America have gone up sharply.a. 语境与词义(Context and Word Meaning)A caller to the broadcasting station claimed responsibility for the bombing.T hroughout centuries London has claimed to be the foremost city of the world.b.词性与词义(Word Class and Word Meaning)M y room was big, light and looked out on the East lake.H e lighted his cigarette, said good night, and went on.c.文体与词义(Style and Word Meaning)•United States Declaration of Independence:He has affected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power.•The third power of 2 is 8.2.2 引申翻译a. 具体化引申翻译(Extension from the Abstract or General Words to the Concrete Words)•抽象名词的具体化(Concreteness fromAbstract Nouns)T he car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.T he administration was free from corruption.•概括词语的具体化(Concreteness from General Words)A nimal waste is the best food for the soil.T he weather has a great effect on the farmer¡¯s work and the products of his work.b. 概括化引申翻译(Extension from the Concrete or Special Words to the General Words)H e was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.M y father is the bread earner.2.3 增补翻译(Addition)a. 语法增补(Grammatical Addition)•动词的增补(Addition of Verbs)I fell madly in love with her, and she with me.A fter the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he went home tiredly.•量词的增补(Addition of Measure Words)A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.T he carefully planned party turned out to be a bad dream.•时态词的增补(Addition of Words Denoting Tenses)T he tutor had taught the girl to play the piano.T he old man said, “They say his father was ¡°a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.”译文:老头儿说: “听人说,从前他爸爸是个打鱼的。
他过去也许跟我们现在一样穷。
”•名词的增补(Addition of Nouns)T o wash before meal.T hese X-pictures are useful in diagnosing, or finding the causes of, many illnesses.b. 修辞增补(Rhetorical Addition)•名词复数的增补(Addition of Plural Form of Nouns)F lowers bloom all over the yard.T he lion is the king of animals.•语气助词的增补(Addition of Mood Auxiliary Words)D on’t take it seriously. It’s only a joke.A s for me ,I didn’t agree from the very beginning .•逻辑增补(Logical Addition)You and ILung cancer, diagnosed early, can be successfully treated by surgery.For mistakes had been made, bad ones.2.4 省略翻译(Omission)a. 冠词的省略(Omission of Articles)T he sky was blue and the sun was shining.A teacher should have patience in his work.b. 介词的省略(Omission of Prepositions)S moking is not allowed in the store-house.I t will be idle for them to pretend that they have never heard of me.c.连词的省略(Omission of Connectives)T he driver immediately pulled over to the side of the highway and radioed the police. T he boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.d. 代词的省略(Omission of Pronouns)I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice.H e shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.e. it 的省略(Omission of it)O utside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs.I t is the people who are really powerful.I t took me a long time to reach the hospital.f. 动词的省略(Omission of Verbs)W hen the pressure gets low, the boiling-point becomes low.T his chapter provides a brief review of applicable theory for computer.g. 逻辑上的省略(Logical Omission)T his treatment did not produce any harmful side effect.N either party shall cancel the contract with-out sufficient cause or reason.。