江苏省常州高级中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题

江苏省常州高级中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Top Summer Programs For High School Students In 2020 Did you know summer activities can push your college application to the “yes” pile? If you haven’t decided how to spend your summer time, you may think about the possibility of attending a summer program. It will offer you opportunities to experience life on a college campus, explore fields you have interest in, and perhaps, even earn college credit (学分) for the courses you take.The following are four top summer programs we select for high school students: Summer Immersion ProgramDuring the free 7-week program, 10th-11th grade girls learn about computer science,gain exposure to tech jobs, and join a sisterhood of girls who are using computer science to become change-makers.All programs run for 7 weeks during the summer from Monday through Friday, 9am -4pm. Program dates vary by city.Princeton Summer Journalism ProgramThe Princeton Summer Journalism Program (PSJP) is one of the only programs of its kind offering a free, forward-looking residential journalism and precollege institute for high achieving high school juniors from low-income backgrounds.2020 Program Dates: Friday, July 31, 2020 - Monday, August 10,2020The Summer Academy for Math and Science (SAMS)SAMS allows students to develop deeper understanding in areas such as mathematics, physics and computer programming. In addition to their academic experiences, students also have the opportunity to cooperate, and develop meaningful relationships with peers from across the country.Start Date: Saturday, June 27,2020End Date: Saturday, August 8,2020The Pioneer Research ProgramIn the Program, selected students work one-on-one with leading U.S. university professorsin advanced study and research of a topic of their interest The program is conducted entirely online, allowing high school students from all over the world to take part.Summer term: June 8 - August 28, 20201．The purpose of writing this passage is to help high school students ________.A．have more chance to study in college B．get some college life experiences C．find where their real interests lie D．study college courses in advance 2．What is special about Summer Immersion Program?A．It doesn’t require payments for the courses.B．It accepts girls who are interested in computers.C．It doesn’t have a fixed course opening date.D．It helps students develop new friendships.3．Which program can a student attend at home in China?A．Summer Immersion Program.B．Princeton Summer Journalism Program.C．The Summer Academy for Math and Science.D．The Pioneer Research Program.Children learn to construct language from those around them. Until about the age of three, children tend to learn to develop their language by modeling the speech of their parents, but from that time on, peers have a growing influence as models for language development in children. It is easy to observe that, when adults and old children interact with younger children, they tend to change their language to improve communication with younger children, and this changed language is called caretaker speechWhen speaking to young children most people will, without thinking, find ways to simplify their language. A caretaker will speak in one way with adults and in a very different way with young children. Caretaker speech tends to be slower speech with short simple words which are said in a high-pitched (高嗓音)voice with strong inflections (音调变化) and many repetitions of essential information.Caretaker speech serves the very important function of allowing young children to acquire (学得) language more easily. The simplified words and sentences make it easier for the small child to begin to comprehend, and the repetitions strengthen th e child’s developing understanding. Then, as a child’s speech develops, caretakers tend to adjust their language to alevel that is slightly above that of a younger child. Without recognition of what they are doing, these caretakers will speak in one way to a one-year-old and in a more complex (复杂的) way as the child reaches the age of two or three.There are debates among experts about whether caretaker speech is a natural function or a learned one. Those who believe that caretaker speech is a natural function in humans believe that it is human nature for children to acquire language and for those around them to encourage children to learn language naturally; the presence of a child is itself a natural stimulus (刺激) that increases the rate of caretaker speech among those present.However, other experts believe that caretaker speech develops through nurturing (教育) rather than nature. They argue that people will try out different ways to communicate with a child and according to the child’s responses, choose th e most effective speech; a parent might, for example, learn to use speech with strong inflections with a small child because the strong inflections do a better job attracting the child’s attention than do more small inflections. 4．According to the text, children over the age of three ________.A．learn little language from those around themB．are no longer influenced by the language of their parentsC．are influenced more by those closer to their own ageD．stop using caretaker speech in communication5．Which of the following is TRUE about caretaker speech?A．Most people are not familiar with the use of caretaker speech.B．People generally speak louder to young children without realizing it.C．Young children use caretaker speech to express themselves.D．Caretaker speech cannot be understood if it is said only once.6．It can be learned that parents tend to ________.A．speak in the same way to a one-year-old and a three-year-oldB．use language that is far above the language level of a childC．speak in a progressively less complex way as a child grows upD．change their speech according to the language development of a child7．It can be inferred that someone who believes in nurture over nature _________. A．doesn’t believe children have a born ability to lea rn languageB．prefers to communicate with children in adults’ languageC．encourages parents to adjust their speech to children’s needsD．has a better understanding of children’s language learningSocial media promotion (促销) has become so important nowadays that businesses are offering freebies to anyone with a certain following on popular social networks. Case in point, this Milan-based restaurant that offers free sushi to people with a bit of influence on Instagram.Matteo and Tomaso Pittarello, the o wners of the “This Is Not a Sushibar” restaurant in Milan, are well aware of the potential (潜力) of social networks like Instagram, and they’re more than willing to give away some sushi, if it means getting some exposure (曝光). At their restaurant, people have the classic payment choices-cash or card-plus a novel one, paying in Instagram followers. ①The idea is pretty simple: the more followers you have, the more you can eat without having to spend a cent.It makes sense that Instagram stars with hundreds of thousands or even millions of followers get the most free food, but even a few 1,000 followers on the photo-sharing platform will get you a free bit to it Customers who have between 1,000 and 5,000 followers will get a free sushi plate. 5,000 to 10,000 followers get you two free plates, 10,000 to 50,000, four free dishes, 50,000 to 100,000 followers, eight dishes, and people with 100,000 Instagram followers get a free full lunch or dinner.②Just having a lot of followers isn’t enough, custome rs also have to publish a post on their Instagram account and tag @thisisnotasishibar and include the hashtag#thisisnotasushibar. will only receive their free sushi after showing the publish post at the counter.③“Today, advertising (广告) on social networks and, in particular, Instagram, is what works best,” the Pittarello brothers said, adding that the aim of their Instagram payment method is twofold--by involving Instagrammers both big and small, the business will get bigger exposure, and it will also make customers feel engaged in the project.“This Is Not a Sushibar” introduced the payment alternative (选择), but we’ll have to wait and see how long it will exist for. ④ . Without a set limit of daily Instagram payments, I think the restaurant may start recording losses pretty soon. After all, 1,000 followers on Instagram are not that hard to get, and people will rarely say no to a free lunch.8．The underlined word “novel” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A．free B．newC．fun D．easy9．What can we infer from the passage?A．Customers prefer to pay by Instagram rather than in cash or by bank card. B．Thousands of Instagram users have enjoyed the restaurant’s free sushi.C．The Pittarello brothers don’t want to advertise through traditional media.D．Asking customers to publish a post benefits both businesses and customers.10．The sentence “There is one catch though” can be put in ________.A．①B．②C．③D．④11．What is the author’s attitude towards the Instagram payment choice? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic.C．Supportive. D．Objective.You may think that creativity and artistic judgment are what sets humans apart from artificial intelligence (AI). Robots will be washing our windows long before they start creating masterpieces Right?Not necessarily. At Amper Music (), you can make the music you want based on mood, instrument, speed and length. You click “Render,” and boom! There’s your original piece, not only composed (作曲) but also “performed” and “mixed” by AI software.But something has kept bothering me: What happens in a world where effort and scarcity (稀缺) are no longer part of the definition of art? A mass-produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo painting. Why? Scarcity—there’s only one of the original. But Amper turns. professional-quality original piece of music every time you click “Render.” It puts us in a strange world where works of art are unique but require almost zero human effort to produce. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be?That’s not just a thought experiment either.Soon the question “What’s the value of AI artwork and music?” will start impacting flesh—and—blood consumers. It has already, in fact.Earlier, reporters discovered something suspicious (可疑的) about many playlists of Spotify—another online music service. According to the report, the composers and bands who wrote the songs appeared to be nonexistent. These playlists have names like Peaceful Piano andAmbient Chill—exactly the kind of music AI software is good at.Is Spotify using software to compose music to avoid paying fees to human musicians? The New York Times reported that the tracks with false names have been played 500 million times, which would ordinarily have cost Spotify $3 million in payments.But Spotify has firmly denied that the tracks in question were created by “fake” artists to avoid payments: while posted under pennames, they were written by actual people receiving actu al money for work that they own. But the broader issue remains. Why couldn’t Spotify, or any music service, start using AI to produce free music to save itself money? Automation (自动化) is beginning to replace millions of human taxi drivers, truck drivers and fast-food workers. Why should artists and musicians be an exception to the same economics?Should there be anything in place—a union, a law---to stop that from happening? Or will we always value human-produced art and music more than machine-made stuff? Once we’ve answered those questions, we can settle the really big one: When an AI—composed song wins the Grammy, who will be awarded?12．What do we know from the example of Amper Music?A．It doesn’t need any human effort to compose music.B．It allows ordinary people to perform their own music.C．It makes a challenge to the traditional definition of art.D．It produces music works that are similar in styles.13．The underlined part in Paragraph 4 implies that ________.A．it is hard to tell AI artworks apart from human artworksB．people will be charged for AI art in the near futureC．people don’t know what price of AI art is reasonableD．the scarcity of AI artworks means it is one of a copy14．Spotify was covered in the media because ________.A．AI music can be performed free of chargeB．its musicians might not be paid fairlyC．playlists of its music did not actually existD．AI software has replaced human musicians15．The writing purpose of this passage is to ________.A．draw deserved attention to AI-made artworksB．warn against the immediate threat from Al artC．support the use of Al software in art creationD．solve misunderstandings about AI’s role in art二、七选五It should be easy for you to recognize faces of your family and friends. But can you remember faces that you’ve only seen once? You might think it is very difficult.16．They are the so-called “super recognizers”, who can remember at least 80 percent of the faces they’ve seen. 17．But studies show that at least one person in every recognizer, reported the Daily Mail.Bournemouth University in the UK recently carried out research trying to find out recognizers have a different way to process feces. They have found that when these people look a faces, they spend more time looking at the person’s nose. 18．Their super ability is limited only to face recognition.19．Some super recognizers never forget faces. But for some, if you present pairs of feces to them at the same time, they can quickly decide whether the faces are of the same person or two different people.In fact, many super recognizers say they are very good at “spotting” (发现) faces in a crowd. These subtypes of super recognition could be applied to many areas. 20．Super recognizers could help match faces in CCTV footage (闭路电视镜头). They could also help police spot known troublemakers, bad people or even missing people in crowds. A．However, studies have found a small number of people have amazing face recognition skills.B．Researchers have tried to find how certain people are so good at recognizing faces.C．It is also found that these people are not particularly smarter than others.D．It is unknown how many people truly have these skills.E.For example, the skills could be very useful at a passport control checkpoint.F.The research also found that in general these super recognizers have a good memory.G.Another important finding is that there are subtypes of super recognition.三、完形填空I made a promise to myself on the way to the vacation beach cottage. For two weeks I would try to be a 21 husband and father. 22 loving. No ifs, ands or buts.I 23 the idea as I listened to a talk on my car radio. The speaker was reading a passage about husbands being 24 of their wives. Then he went on to say, “Love is an act of will. A person can choose to love.” To myself; I had to admit (承认) that I had been a(n)25 husband .Well, for two weeks that would 26 . And it did. Right from the momentI kissed Evelyn at the door and said, “That new yellow sweater looks great on you.”“Oh, Tom, you noticed,” she said, surprised but 27 . Maybe a little confusedAfter the long 28 , I wanted to sit and read. Evelyn suggested a walk on the beach I started to 29 , but then I thought, “Evelyn’s been alone here with th e kids all week and now she wants to 30 with me.” We walked on the beach while the children flew their kites.So it went. Two weeks of not 31 the Wall Street firm where I am a manager; a visit to the shell museum 32 I usually hate museums. Relaxed and happy, that’s how the whole vacation passed. I made a new promise to keep on remembering to 33 love.There was one thing that went wrong with my 34 , however. Evelyn and I still35 about it today. On the last night at our cottage, preparing for bed, Evelyn stared at me sadly.“What’s the matter?” I asked her.“Tom,” she said in a voice filled with 36 . “do you know something I don’t?”“What do you mean?”“Well... that 37 I had several weeks ago... our doctor... did he tell you something about me? Tom, you’ve been so good to me... am dying?”It took a moment for it all to 38 . Then I laughed aloud.“No, honey,” I said, 39 her in my arms, “You’re not dying; I’m j ust starting to 40 .”21．A．responsible B．caring C．generous D．loving 22．A．Totally B．Even C．Still D．Somehow 23．A．got along with B．made up with C．came up with D．put up with 24．A．ashamed B．independent C．proud D．thoughtful 25．A．selfish B．enthusiastic C．fortunate D．useless 26．A．change B．last C．recover D．disappear 27．A．embarrassed B．pleased C．scared D．curious 28．A．walk B．flight C．day D．drive29．A．accept B．refuse C．suffer D．challenge 30．A．read B．chat C．stay D．live 31．A．calling B．joining C．visiting D．leaving 32．A．as B．since C．though D．yet 33．A．value B．save C．choose D．respect 34．A．vacation B．life C．family D．experiment 35．A．talk B．laugh C．think D．worry 36．A．sadness B．hope C．pity D．confusion 37．A．deal B．argument C．incident D．checkup 38．A．get about B．get across C．get in D．get through 39．A．pushing B．taking C．holding D．catching 40．A．love B．die C．live D．understand四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。