Unit 3 translation of commodity names 产品名称翻译
Part III 单项训练与综合训练
将下列电器产品名称的中文名称填入相应的横线上。
手电筒 日光灯(管) 吸尘器 电饭锅 拌机 电动剃须刀 计算器 微波炉 电暖气 暖脚器 电熨斗 电风扇 电烤箱 电冰箱 录音机 磁带 麦克风/扩音机 空调搅
1. flashlight 2. fluorescent lamp
以原理命名 __________ 以功能命名 __________
以功能命名 __________ 描述产品外观命名 __________ 以功能命名 __________ 以功能命名 __________ 以功能命名 __________ 以功能命名 __________
打蛋机
egg mixer
以功能命名 __________
洗碗机 五个火眼的燃气炉灶 烤面包机
电动罐头开盖机
搅拌机/榨汁机 影碟机 录影机 可携式摄像机
7. video recorder
8. camcorder 9. film projector
电影投影机
Part II 产品名称案例分析
可见，中文和英文产品的命名普遍都遵循以产品功能命名的规律； 然而，根据英语文化的思维规律，英语产品名称除了根据产品功能来 命名以外，也常常根据产品的原理或者能源来翻译。
分析根据产品命名方式分析功能及其名称。
1. Screwdriver
2. Philips screw driver/cross-shape screw driver 3. (battery) charger 4. folding ruler 5. air hammer 6. Capacitor 7. resistor
杂志架 YP-318
起订量: 5000 个
1. 三层设计 2. 杂志架骨架由高质量pp 材料制作
3. 适放A4 纸
Part III 单项训练与综合训练
翻译以下产品目录。 Refrigerator 1. Min. Order: 100 Units FOB Price: US $99-150 / Unit 2. A variety of refrigerators with attractive price and reliable quality. 3. Our refrigerators have obtained CE, GS, ETL, SASO, etc. 4. Place of Origin: CN
Part II 产品名称案例分析
在各类产品中，家用电器、办公用或者学习用的文具类产品等，它们的价 值主要体现为其实用功能，因而这类产品的中、英文名称普遍具有上述分析的 构词特点。产品名称翻译时，可以找到对应或者相近的表达。但是，需要指出 的是，并不是所有的产品命名都符合统一规律。产品类别繁多，特性各异，这 就决定了产品名称命名方式复杂多变，有些并无规律可循，需要不断熟悉、积 累和记忆才能灵活熟练地应用。
冰箱
1. 起订量: 100 台FOB 价: US $99-150 / 台
16. air conditioner 17. microwave oven
空调 微波炉 电吹风
15. refrigerator
18. electric shaver
Pபைடு நூலகம்rt III 单项训练与综合训练
翻译下列文具产品名称并正确连线。
1．文件袋 2．量角器 3．整理盒 4．打孔机 5．考勤机 6．点钞机 7．中性笔 8．传真纸 9．双面胶带 10．塑封机 11. 白板笔 12. 折叠式计算器 13. 档案盒 14. 削笔机/卷笔刀 15. 台历架 16. 回形针盒 a. pencil sharpener b. clip box c. attendance (record) machine d. folding calculator e. calendar shelf f. bill counter g. white board marker h. protractor i. double-face tape j. gel ink pen k. fax paper l. laminator m. file bag n. file box o. finishing box p. punch
产品名称案例分析
单项训练与综合训练 翻译实务与训练
Part I 单位名称的翻译
Part I 单位名称的翻译
Part I 单位名称的翻译
Part II 产品名称案例分析
观察以上案例，三类产品的英文名称都具备一个显著的特点，即拼写后 面部分是以-er 结尾；前面部分都是以某个动词构成。动词后或加了-er 或-or 以后，构成的名词与原来的动词在逻辑上是紧密相连的, 例如， teacher vs. teach (教师vs. 教书）, writer vs. write (作家vs.写作）, actor vs. act（演员vs. 演出）, supervisor vs. supervise（监督者vs. 监督）, director vs. direct（指导 者vs. 指导）, driver vs. drive（司机vs. 开车）, sailor vs. sail（船员vs. 驶船） 等等。
8. manager
9. leader 10. milker 11. biter
管理员
领导者 挤奶员 咬人的动物 打扫灰尘的人 侍者 演员 使用者
23. 复印机
24. 扫描仪 25. 咖啡机 26. 连接器
12. duster
13. waiter 14. actor 15. user
27. 裁纸刀
28. 消毒器具 29. 热水器 30. 饮水机
Part III 单项训练与综合训练
翻译下列文具产品名称。
1. 切纸刀
2. 文件夹 3. 订书机 4. 碎纸机 5. 考勤机 6. 名片册 7. 笔筒 8. 打印纸 9. 号码机 10. 固体胶
paper cutter/ paper trimmer folder/file holder/ file keeper stapler paper shredder
【教学目标】
能力目标 1. 能正确使用产品名称常用词汇和了解产品名称基本
构构词。 2. 能熟练翻译各种产品名称。
知识目标 1. 了解产品名称的语言特点
2. 掌握产品名称遵循的翻译原则 3. 掌握产品名称常用的翻译技巧
Contents
Part I
产品名称案例
Part II Part III Part IV
螺丝刀
十字螺丝刀 充电器 卷尺 气锤 电容器 电阻 包装纸/包装材料 中继转播(设备)/ 继电器
8. wrapper
9. relay 10. fuse
保险丝, 熔丝
Part III 单项训练与综合训练
翻译以下产品目录。
Paper shredder Min. Order: 5 Pieces Paper shredder machine XX-620 OEM service offered Good after-sale service Is applied to large office, printing works, etc.
Part II 产品名称案例分析
试连线翻译以下中英文产品，并分析以下产品各根据什么特点命 名。 榨汁机 吸尘器 微波炉 咖啡机 电烤箱 油烟机 电动刮胡刀 吸尘器 电饭煲 电热水器 water heater vacuum cleaner electric cooking pot vacuum cleaner juice extractor electric toaster coffee maker microwave（cooker) electric shaver smoke exhauster/ ventilator/range hood 如功能命名 以原理命名 __________
Part II 产品名称案例分析
翻译以下名词。
1. catcher 2. singer 3. rider 抓捕者 歌手 骑手 飞行员 16. 空调 17. 订书机 18. 吸尘器 air-conditioner stapler vacuum cleaner
4. flyer
5. baker 6. maker 7. hailer
Part II 产品名称案例分析
“ -er” 与“-or ”的区别在哪里呢？ 与“er” 和“or” 作用一样的后缀还有哪些呢？ 思考“空调”的英语说法和其他类产品的说法有何不同；找出类似说法的 其他产品。 值得注意的是，er/or 后缀的掌握对于商务英语中产品命名特点和名称翻译 有很大的帮助；er/or 后缀也用来表示用来做特定工作的机器、设备或者产品，
roll machine/ attendance machine
name card holder/card case pen container/brush holder/pencil vase printer
numbering machine
glue stick /solid gum
Part III 单项训练与综合训练
手电筒 日光灯(管) 计算器
4. blender 5. electric fan
搅拌机 电风扇 录音机
3. electric calculator
6. dictating machine
Part III 单项训练与综合训练
将下列电器产品名称的中文名称填入相应的横线上。
手电筒 日光灯(管) 吸尘器 电饭锅 拌机 电动剃须刀 计算器 微波炉 电暖气 暖脚器 电熨斗 电风扇 电烤箱 电冰箱 录音机 磁带 麦克风/扩音机 空调搅
19. 电吹风
20. 电饭煲 21. 计算器 22. 打印机
hair dryer
rice cooker calculator
商务实务翻译 unit 6 translation of company profile two
策划的目的是要创造有用的物品，使其质量更好，价格更低，数量更充 足。
返回 Hunan First Normal College
4 Translation methods
Sec 1
Ⅵ．试用增译法和省译法翻译下列句子。（2） 8. We expect that the delivery will be effected at your earliest convenience. （省译并列连词） 盼你方早日交货。
Sec 7
译文：The proprietor shall pay about 5,000 yuan on the average for the facilities for roads, water, Sec 8 electricity and gas. ( 补全“四通”的具体含义“the 返回 facilities for roads, water, electricity and gas” Hunan First Normal
Sec 6
例如：（1）来信获悉。甚为欣慰。
Sec 7
译文：I am very pleased to have received your letter.（增补代 词8 I和your） Sec
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Hunan First Normal College
4 Translation methods
一、增译法（1）
Hunan First Normal College
4 Translation methods
2. 注重保持原文风格 由于民族风格、文化背景、时代特点和经营特色、产品 特点等各不相同.
（1）Haier was ranked 95th after such household names as Coca-Cola, McDonald's and Nokia, which were the top three. 译文：排行榜上，中国海尔排在第 95位，可口可乐荣登 榜首，麦当劳排名第二，诺基亚排名第三。
高级口译教程 笔记 unit 3
UNIT THREE BUSINESS NEGOCIATION第一篇进出口商品交易会import and export commodities fair 销售部经理sales managersupply department 采购部brochure 宣传小册子scope of business 经营范围machine tool 机床workmanship 工艺make an inquiry 询价quotation 报价C.I.F Seattle 西雅图到岸价(*cost, insurance. freight) 调整价格adjust the pricecompetitive 具有竞争力bulk 很大substantially 大大地展台exhibition stand第二篇经营的新品new line of business 汽车零部件auto partsupdate 调整at the cost of 不惜以……为代价our part 我方发盘/报盘offer折扣discountsupplies 货物free sample 免费样品inspection 检验floor offer 底盘counter-offer 还盘合同格式format of contract规格specification单价unit price保险费由贵方承担the insurance premium should be borne by your sidebusiness transaction 生意顺利成交TEXTPASSAGE ONE英汉双向交互译：1．欢迎光临上海进出口商品交易会。
我叫陈明。
我是上海机械公司的销售部经理。
Welcome to Shanghai Import and Export Commodities Fair. My name is Ming Chen. I am Sales manager of the Shanghai Machinery Company Inc..2．Hi, Mr. Chen. My name is Sean Hudson. I am from Seattle, USA. I am in charge of the supply department of the Pacific Trading Company Ltd.您好，陈先生！我叫肖恩•哈德逊，来自美国西雅图，是太平洋贸易有限公司的采购部主任。
国际贸易实务第三版课后答案
国际贸易实务第三版课后答案xcf整理Unit 5Quality of CommodityKey:I. Give the Chinese equivalents for the following English terms:1 本身所具有的特性2 光泽、造型、结构3 耐用性4 可销售性5 社会属6 消毒7 适用性8 卫生9 规格10 水产品11 跨国公司12 保证生活质量II. Two columns are given for you to decide which method is best suited for a certain commodity. Please match them.1 A ,2 C,3 D,4 E,5 B,6 G,7 F,8 HIII. 多项选择题1.AE2.ABE3.ABC4.CDE5.AC6.ABD7.BCE8.ACDE9.BD 10.AC11.BC 12.AC 13.BCDE 14.CD 15.AB16.CDE 17.ABCDEIV. Monomial Choice1.A2. D3.A4.D5.A6.A7. B8.B 9 .D 10. AV. 案例分析1. [Answer]:我方应负责赔偿。
作为出口公司理应知道所售货物的英文名称。
如来证货名与实际不符，我方一是应要求对方改证，二是应自己更改货物的英文名称。
如只考虑单证相符而置货物上的名称不顾，势必给对方在办理进口报关时造成严重后果。
2. [Answer]:1）这个问题要视合同如何约定，如果合同约定了检验期间，则由于甲方没有在约定的检验期间内验货导致其丧失了质量异议权。
如果合同没有约定检验期间，则在甲方收货后两年内都有权要求退货，依据是合同法第157、158条。
所以，乙方已履行部分可以要求退货。
2）未履行部分可以解除。
因乙方行为已导致合同目的无法实现，甲方经催告后可解除合同，理由是合同法第94条。
3）定金应双倍返还给甲方。
商品说明书的翻译
第二节 商品说明书的结构 The structure of commodity instructions
商品说明书的用途，一是在于向消费者详 细介绍产品的各个方面，使消费者客观、 全面地了解该产品的功能和特点；二是在 于顾客在购买该产品后，懂得如何正确的 使用该产品。一般来说，一则完整的商品 说明书包括以下四个部分： （1）商品的特征、功能及成分； （2）安装使用（服用/饮用/食用方法）； （3）注意事项； （4）主要性能、指标及规格。
说明书实例（2） 金嗓子喉宝 都乐含片说明书 [名称]金嗓子喉宝®都乐含片 [配料表]蔗糖、淀粉糖浆、青果、金银花、薄荷脑、 桉叶油、罗汉果、桔红、八角茴香油、香蕉香 精适量。 [食用方法]含服，每次一片，一日六次。 [净含量]2.0克×20片 [保质期]24个月 [批准文号]桂卫食准号[2003]第027号
商品说明书的翻译
Translation of Commodity Specification
第一节 商品说明书和广告的区别
• 功能丌同 • 诧言特点丌同
Difference in Function
Commodity specification and advertising have publicity, informing effect. All have the efficacy of attracting consumers， guiding consumption and improving visibility. But they also have the difference, mainly in: Specification of the objective is to introduce product knowledge. The purpose of advertising is mainly to promote the sale of commodities and popularize business philosophy.
从目的论角度分析服装品牌名称翻译
从目的论角度分析服装品牌名称翻译摘要服装行业一直是我国非常重要的产业，我国是世界最大的服装生产加工大国。
随着经济全球化的不断深入与发展，我国服装产品越来越多的进入了国际市场，也面临着激烈的竞争与挑战。
为提高我国服装品牌名称的翻译质量，使国内各服装企业走向世界，在国际市场上成功树立自己的品牌，本文依据翻译目的论的基本原则结合品牌名称翻译中需考虑的因素，试探讨国内服装品牌名称的翻译案例，并与国际知名服装品牌进行对比分析，最后提出了提高翻译质量的一些建议与方法。
关键词：服装；品牌名称翻译；目的论ABSTRACTClothing industry is an important part of Chinese industries and China is the biggest producer and processer of clothing in the world. With the development of economic globalization, more and more Chinese clothing products have entered into the international market, facing intensified competition and challenges. In order to improve the translation quality of our clothing’s brand names, to help domestic clothing enterprises reach out to the world and set up their own brand names in the international market successfully, under the guidance of Skopostheorie and its basic rules, this paper tries to analyze some selected cases of domestic clothing’s BNT and compare with some selected cases of famous international clothing’s brand names. Finally, this paper concludes some suggestions and methods to improve the translation quality.Key words：clothing; brand name translation; skopostheorie Contents1．Introduction (51)2. Skopostheorie and achievements and current situation of BNT (52)2.1 Development and basic rules of Skopostheorie (52)2.1.1 Background and development (52)2.1.2 Basic rules (53)2.2 Previous research of BNT (54)3. The factors to be considered in BNT (56)3.1 Culture factors (56)3.2 Consumer psychology (57)3.3 Commercial factors (57)3.4 Legal factors (58)3.5 Globalization background (58)4. Comparative analysis of cases of clothing’s BNT with the guidance of Skopostheorie (59)4.1 Comparative analysis of international and domestic clothing’s BNT (60)4.1.1 Analysis of famous international clothing’s brand names (60)4.1.1.1 Analysis within the categories of product attributes (60)4.1.1.2 Analysis within the categories of consumers (62)4.1.2 Analysis of famous domestic clothing’s BNT (64)4.1.2.1 Analysis within the categories of product attributes (64)4.1.2.2 Analysis within the categories of consumers (67)4.1.3 Comparison of their similarities, differences and gaps (69)4.2 Comparative analysis of domestic clothing’s BNT in different periods (71)4.2.1 The period after opening up before China’s enteringthe WTO (71)4.2.2 The period after China’s entering the WTO (71)5．Conclusion (72)5.1 Main results of comparison of clothing’s BNT (72)5.2 Suggestions and methods to improve the quality of translation (73)Acknowledgements ............................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
AStudyTranslationofTrademark论商标翻译
A Study Translation of Trademark论商标翻译学号：姓名：院系：专业：信息管理与信息系统年级：指导教师：CONTENTSINTRODUCTION ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯CHAPTER ONE Transliteration⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯...1.1 Pure transliteration⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..1.2 Homophonic translation⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯...1.3 Province transliteration⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯CHAPTER TWO Photo Gallery2.1 P ure Gallery⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ..2.2 O ptional Photo Gallery⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ..2.3 Change Gallery⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.. CHAPTER THREE Combination of sound and meaning⋯⋯⋯⋯ ..3.1 Allusive method⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯. 3.2 Almost sound association method⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ .. 3.3 Almost sound escape method⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ .. CHAPTER FOUR Sound moral law in recent4.1 Near the sounds meaning⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ..4.2 Chromatic semi-defined⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯. CONCLUSION ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯REFERENCES⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..摘要商标是一种特殊的语言符号，是商品显着特征的浓缩，也是商品文化的核心部分，同时还是企业参与国际竞争的有力武器。
国际贸易实务课后练习答案英文版
What contents shoul d a contract embody?Sell er's and buyer's name.The name of commodity and unit price.Terms of d elivery.Payment terms.Delivery date.Insurance.Claim clause.Arbitration clause。
Force majeure clause.mImport license.mAmendments and suppl ements.Supersed e contract.Retirement right.Place of signing.Plain language.Different date formats.Units of measurement.Currency.Interpretation or translation.Signing of the contract.ually terms of trad e are stipulated in the trad e contract and cl early indicateboth parties responsibilities.√2.Claim and arbitration clause must be includ ed in the written contract.×3.Once signed, I need amendments and suppl ements to the present contractcoul d not be accepted.╳4. A firm offer must indicate that once it has been an conditionally Accept bythe offered within its validity,The offer is binding on both parties.√5.Written form of contract has a l ot of advantages in disputes. Resolving soevery contract shoul d be conducted in writing.×6.In most cases both the buyer and the seller will experience many runs of offerand counter offer before. Concluding a contract.√7.According to cIsgI offer, if it is irrevocabl e, may not be withdrawn if thewithdrawal reaches the offeree being or at the same time as the offer.×8.According to crsg,There are firm offer and non firm offer.×9. A firm offer should includ e at l east three specific conditions, name ofcommodity, quality of commodity and price of commodity.√10.The content of the offer can be ind efinite.×11.In reality.the quantity of goods shipped must be exactly the same with thatstipulated in the contract.×12.In terms of systems of ways and measures. China ad opts us system due to isbeing wid ely applied in the international trad e.×13.Packing can only serve as a form of protection.×14.Graceful night is often stipulated in the contract to indicate that the way ofthe lies valued products is cal culated by Gross weight.√15.The more or l ess cl ouds means that the quantity d elivered can be more or l esswithin certain extent.√Yes, the articl es had great changes in price at the time when d elivery is mad e. The sail or may stipulate that settlement for this part is based on the market price at the time. When the goods I shipped on board the vessel.错。
Lesson 5 Composition of a Contract
Part I: Drafting a Contract
2. Contents of Contract
Patent (专利)：If the product has a patent, clearly define the patent scope and liability. Confidentiality (保密): If the contract is confidential, the confidentiality items, scope and measures shall be specified. Training (培训): If there is a training plan, the training items, duration, personnel and costs, etc. shall be specified. Applicable Law (适用法律) : The contract should indicate compliance with relevant laws and regulations in order to resolve disputes. Miscellanies (其他) : Any item not specified in the contract, such as the modification and extension of the contract, special duties on the products, refusal to pay or accept bribes, shall be enumerated Witness (结尾) ：Only when the contract is signed by the legal persons and stamped with official seal as required, can it come into effect.
国际贸易实务双语教程(第版)答案
第一章练习答案Unit 1 A brief introduction to international tradeI. Answer my questions1. International trade is business whose activities involve the crossing of national borders. It includes not only international trade and foreign manufacturing but also encompasses the growing services industry in areas such as transportation, tourism, banking, advertising, construction, retailing, wholesaling, and mass communications. It includes all business transactions that involve two or more countries. Such business relationship may be private or governmental.2. Sales expansion, resource acquisition and diversification of sales and supplies.3. To gain profit.4. To see out foreign markets and procurement.5. There are four major forms which are the following:Merchandise exports and Imports, Service Exports and Imports, Investment and Multinational Enterprise.6. It is the account which is a summary statement of the flow of all international economic and financial transactions between one nation (eg.the United States ) and the rest of the world over some period of time, usually one year.7. Merchandise Exporting and Importing.8. Yes. There are great differences between them.1) direct investment takes place when control follows the investment. It usually means high commitment of capital, personnel, and technology abroad. It aims at gaining of foreign resources and foreign markets. Direct investment may often get higher foreign sales than exporting. And sometimes it involves two or more parties.2) While portfolio investments are not under control. And they are used primarily for financial purposes. Treasures of companies, for example, routinely more funds from one country to another to get a higher yield on short term investments.9. MNE is the abbreviation of the multinational enterprise. Its synonyms are NNC (the multinational corporation) and TNC (transnational corporation).10. Examples are travel, transport, fee, royalties, dividends and interest.11. The choice of forms is influenced by the objective being pursued and the environments in which the company must operate.12. It is limited by the number of people interested in a firm’s products and services and by customers’ capacity to make purchase.13. This is because at an early stage of international involvement these operations usually take the least commitment and least risk of a firm’s resources.14. Royalties means the payment for use of assets from abroad, such as for trademarks patens,copyrights, or other expertise under contract known as licencing agreements.Royalties are also paid franchising.15. It is a way of doing business in which one party (the franchiser) the use of a trademark that is an essential asset for the franchisers’ business.II Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right1. J2.A3.E4.B5.C6.D7.I8.G9.F 10.HIII Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese1 购买力11经济复苏；恢复2潜在销售量12 经济衰退3加价，涨价13间接投资4国内市场14有形货物5制成品15有形进出口6边际利润16收入及支出；岁入及岁出7市场占有率17超额能力8贸易歧视18贸易中间人（商）；经纪人9时机选择19全部包建的工程承包方式10经销周期20许可证协定IV. Case Study.Batteries called “white elephant” exported from China were very popular in Southeast Asia, but in United States no one was interested in the goods. Why?Batteries called "white elephant" exported from China were very popular in Southeast Asia, because "white elephant" was a lucky thing in Southeast Asia, but no one was interested in it in the market of Europe and the United States. The boss of the company was very strange that the quality of the battery or the price of reasons, so he asked his staff to investigate. Finally he found that is the brand "white elephant" to be blame. The brand's name translated into English was "white elephant" which meant something were no use but cumbersome in Western countries. It was really a bad translation from culture information perspective. The meaning derived from a legend. According to the legend, there was a king who hated a minister, so he gave a white elephant to the minister for punishment. The minister has to take care of the white elephant, he couldn't give it to others or kill it because it's the king gave it to him. However, the appetite of the white elephant was so great, and the minister became poorer. So it showed people in western countries would not buy the battery for the consumers have no willing to buy something useless but cumbersome.V. Please try to find out some cases about cultural differences in doing international business. (Open)VI. Please determine whether the following statements are TRUE or FALES. Then put T for TRUE or F for FALES in the bracket at the end of each statement.1. ( T )2. ( F )3. ( F )4. ( T )5. ( F )6. ( T )7. ( T )8. ( F )9.（T ）10.（T）11.（F）12.（F）13.（T）14.（T）15.（F）Ⅶ.Translate the following into English1.Trade is often said to be the "engine" of development. Although this analogy is too simple, itdoes illustrate the importance of foreign trade in economic development. Although the healthy growth of exports is not always sufficient for rapid and sustained economic growth, it is undeniable that there is a positive and close link between the two. The role of trade development in economic growth is manifested in many ways. Among them are: the benefits of professional division of labor, the role of international competition in promoting domestic economic efficiency and the ability to pay for the import of goods needed for development, as well as more generally , the encouragement of investment and entrepreneurship.2.International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced by one country withgoods and services produced by another country. In addition to the visible trade, that is, the import and export of goods and cargos, there are also invisible trade, which refers to the exchange of labor between countries. Countries such as Greece and Norway, which have vast maritime fleets and provide transport services, reflect a form of invisible trade. For some countries, invisible trade is just as important as raw materials and commodity exports for some other countries. In both cases, these countries can make money to buy the goods they need.3.International trade is varied in a variety of ways. Underwriting refers to the seller , in aparticular area and within a certain period of time , to give foreign customers the exclusive right to sell the designated commodity trade. In this deal, the goods are taken over by the underwriter, sold on their own and are self-financing. This is different from a commission-only agent, and because the underwriter enjoys a franchise in a particular area, making it distinct from the general sale and purchase agreement.4.No country in the world can produce all the products it needs, so all countries participate inthe international division of labor for effective production and reproduction. Sometimes , a country can buy goods and services abroad from a barter, which refers to the exchange of onegood for another and not for money. Barter trade by itself is not enough to meet the needs ofa country's imports. However, as a mode of trade, it is attractive to developing countries thathave a shortage of foreign exchange or shortage of inflow of foreign capital to meet the demand for foreign trade.Ⅷ. Multiple Choices1-5 D D A D B 6-10 A A A B A第二章练习答案Unit 2 General Procedures of Export and Import TransactionI. Answer the following questions1.Please tell us the procedures of international trade.The procedures of an export or import business are so complicated that it may take quite a long time to conclude a transaction. Varied and complicated procedures have to be gone through in the course of export or import transaction. From the very beginning to the end of the transaction, the whole operation generally undergoes four stages: preparing for exporting or importing, business negotiation, implementation of the contract, and settlement of disputes(if any). Each stage covers some specific steps. Since the expo rt and import trades are two sides of the same coin, and one country’s export is another country’s import.2.What are the parties involved in export and import transaction?The parties who are involved in export and import transactions are numerous and can be described as variously. The basic parties are the buyer who purchases the goods and the seller who provides the goods.3.What are the specialists involved in export and import transaction?Many specialists may be involved in export and import transaction, including:(1) A shipping agent and /or foreign forwarder (forwarding agent) will take responsibility for the documentation and arrange for the goods to be shipped by air, sea, rail or road. These services may be carried out by the supplier’s own export department, if they have the expertise.(2) Airlines, shipping lines, railway companies or haulage contractors will actual transport the goods.(3) Both the importer’s and exporter’s banks will be involved in arranging payments if a letter of credit or bill of exchange is used.(4) Customs and Excise officers may need to examine the goods, check import or export licensing and charge duty and /or V AT.(5) A chamber of Commerce may need to issue a Certificate of Origin, if this is required by the importer’s country.(6) An insurance company insures goods in transit.(7) A lawyer if a special contract has to be drawn up.4. What are the documents needed in export and import transaction?An import/export transaction usually requires a lot of complicated documents because it is difficult to make many different arrangements when one firm is dealing with another on the other side of the world. The number and type of documents needed depend on the specific requirements of the exporter and importer. Generally, the documents needed include:(1) Bill of Lading.(2) Commercial Invoice.(3) Proforma Invoice.(4) Consular Invoice.(5) Packing List.(6) Weight Memo.(7) Certificate of Inspection.(8) Certificate of Origin.(9) Insurance Policy (Certificate).(10) Sales Contract.(11) Sales Confirmation.II. Filling the blanks with the suitable words in the text:1.meeting/satisfying;2.agent, foreign/overseas;mission;4.own;5.setting;6.patent;7.profits;8.outlets; 9.joint, venture; 10.subsidiaryIII. J udge the following statement, mark True (T) or False(F)1F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.F 10. T 11. T 12.F 13. T 14. F 15.TIV. Explain the meaning of the words or phrases below as requested1. Offer: An offer is a proposal made by sellers to buyers in order to enter into the contract.2. Withdrawal: It means an offer by the offerer has been withdrawn before it is reached to the offeree in order to prevent its entry into force.3. Enquiry: An enquiry is a request for business information, such as price lists, catalogue, samples, and details of the goods or trade terms. It can be made either by the importer or the exporter.4. Acceptance: Acceptance is a statement made by other conduct of the offerees indicating unconditional consent to an offer.5. Shipping agent: Shipping agent(船代）is a ship owner's representative whose job is to find the ships to carry.V. Compose a letter of enquiry with the following particulars:Messrs. Arthur Grey & Son,19 Cheapside,London, E.C.2Dear Sirs,We have obtained your name and address from China Council for Promotion of International Trade and learned that you are one of the leading exporters of Ice Box in your district.We are now interested in 100 sets of the said article and should be pleased if you would let us know whether you can supply us with the quantity and quality we desire. Please quote us your best price on CIF Guangzhou basis. When offering, please state clearly terms of payment, time of delivery, packing conditions together with illustrated catalogue for our consideration.We are looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully,VI. Please make your offer according to the following particulars:Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of 5th May. We are glad to learn of the inquiries you have had from your customers for our raincoats. Our "D.D." range is particularly suitable for warm climates, and during the past years we have supplied this range to dealers in several tropical countries, from many of whom we have already had repeated orders. This range is popular not only because it is light in weight,but also because the material used has been specially treated to prevent excessive condensation on the inside surface.For the quantities you mention we are pleased to quote as follows:"D.D." Raincoats100 men's medium @ US$14.50 US$ 1,450100 men's small 14.0 1,400100 women's medium 13.2 1,320100 women's small 12.7 1,270US$ 5,440Payment: by irrevocable L/C at sightShipment: Shipment will be effected within three or four weeks after receiving the L/C.This offer is subject to our final confirmation. We feel you may be interested in our other products and enclose some pamphlets for your reference.We are awaiting your early orders.Yours sincerely,VII. Write a counter-offer according to the following particulars:Dear Sirs,We thank you for your quotation May 10 for 1,000 sets of Hair IceBox. We find your price as well as delivery date satisfactory, however, we would give our suggestions of an alternation of your payment terms.Our past purchase of other household electrical appliances from you has been paid as a rule by confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit at sight. On the basis, it has indeed cost us a great deal. From the moment to open credit till the time our buyers pay us, the tie-up of our funds lasts about four months. Under the present circumstances, this question is particular taxing owing to the tight money condition and unprecedentedly high bank interests.In view of our long business relations and our amicable cooperation prospects, we suggest that you accept either “cash against documents on arrival of goods” or “drawing on us at 60 day’s sight”.Your first priority to the consideration of the above request and an early favorable reply will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely,VIII. Case StudyQuestions:(1) What is your opinion? Give the reasons to support your opinion.(2) How to prevent such dispute?(1) The first letter of Company A and Company B can be considered as an offer, during which Company A made a request for packaging. While Company B modified the terms of the offer, which can be considered as a counter offer or a new offer. After the counter offer was issued by Company B, Company A did not reply. Although it indicated that it was bound by the offer of the company B, yet Company A did not expressly accept to Company B,(2)At this time , the contract is not established. Therefore, Company B refused to honor the contract on this ground. Company A would fall into the passive status. In order to avoid this situation, Company A, in receipt of the B Company's offer, should promptly accept it.Ⅸ.Multiple Choices1. BCE2. AB3. BCD4. ABE5. ADE6. BCDE7. CD8. ABC9. ABC 10. ABC第三章练习答案Unit 3 Contracts for the International Sale of GoodsI. Translate the followings from Chinese into English:1 terms of payment2 written form of contract3 execution of the contract4 sales contract5 purchase confirmation6 terms of transaction7 trading partners 8 the setting up of a contract9 trade agreement 10 consignment contract11 the contract proper 12 extension of the contract13 the contracting parties 14 special clause15 general terms and conditionsII. Answer the following questions in English:1 A contract is an agreement which sets forth bind obligations of the relevant parties. And any part that fails to fulfill his contractual obligations may be sued and forced to make compensation.2 There are two parties of business contract negotiations: oral and written. The former refers to direct discussions abroad; written negotiations often begin with enquiries made by the buyers.3 A written contract is generally prepared and signed as the proof of the agreement and as the basis for its execution. A sales or purchase confirmation is less detailed than a contract, covering only the essential terms of the transaction. It is usually used for smaller deals or between familiar trade partners.4 The setting up of a contract is similar to that of a trade agreement or any other type of formal agreements. It generally contains: 1) the title. The type of the contract is indicated in the title; 2) the contract proper. It is the main part of a contract; 3) the signature of the contracting parties indicating their status as the seller or the buyer; 4) the stipulations on the back of the contract and are equally binding upon the contracting parties.5 It generally contains the time of shipment, the mode of payment described in addition to an exact description of the goods including the quantity, quality, specifications, packing methods, insurance,commodity inspection, claims, arbitration and force majeure, etc.III. Translate the following into Chinese:合同是在双方达成协议的基础上制定的，而协议又是双方进行商务谈判的结果。
函电期末考试试卷A
(importing country)
Reference No.
GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN
(Combined declaration and certificate)
FORM A
issued inTHE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
10. Number and date of invoices
.
11.Certification
It is hereby certified, on the baslaration by the exporter is correct
5.item
Number
6.Marks and numbers of packages
7. Number and kind of packages; description goods
8. Origin
Criterion
(see Notes overleaf)
9. Gross
Weight or other quantity
XXXX期末考试试卷
2009-2010第一学期07级高职商务英语专业
《外贸函电与单证》课程（A）卷闭卷考试
题号
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五
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A卷《外贸函电与单证》第7页，共8页