高中英语语法(2)-被动语态

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高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的构成和用法总结被动语态是英语语法中的一种语态形式,用来表示动作的承受者与执行者的关系。

在被动语态中,句子的主语是动作的承受者,而动作的执行者通常被省略或放在介词“by”后。

在本篇文章中,我们将对高中英语中被动语态的构成和用法进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常有以下几个要素:主语 + be动词 + 过去分词。

1. 主语(Subject):被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,通常是句子中的宾语。

2. be动词(Auxiliary verb):be动词根据句子的时态、人称和数进行变化,代表不同的情况,包括am/is/are(was/were)。

3. 过去分词(Past participle):过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常表示动作的完成或被动。

下面是一些例子,展示了被动语态在不同时态和人称中的构成形式:时态 | 构成形式-----------------一般现在时 | am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 | was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 | will be + 过去分词现在进行时 | am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进行时 | was/were + being + 过去分词现在完成时 | have/has been + 过去分词过去完成时 | had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有着广泛的应用。

以下是几种常见的使用情况:1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态可以突出句子中动作的承受者,使其成为句子的主要焦点。

例如:- The house was destroyed by the earthquake.(房子被地震摧毁了。

) - The book was written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。

)2. 描述客观事实:当注重描述客观事实时,被动语态可以更加准确地传达信息。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。

这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。

本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。

动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。

二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。

下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语语法中常用的一个句子结构,被动语态的构成和用法对于学习英语的学生来说非常重要。

本文将就高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法进行详细解析,帮助学生更好地掌握这个语法结构。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由两部分组成:be动词的各种时态形式和过去分词。

根据主句的时态和语态,be动词的形式会相应发生变化。

1. 现在时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 将来时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + going to + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + will be + 过去分词4. 现在完成时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + have/has + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + have/has been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用来强调动作的承受者,或表达客观事实,又或者在不知道或想隐瞒动作执行者时使用。

下面将介绍被动语态的常见用法:1. 及物动词的被动语态:及物动词是指需要宾语才能完整表达意思的动词,常见的及物动词有:write, read, eat, drink等。

在被动语态中,及物动词的宾语变成主语,而原来的主语则成为介词"by"引导的短语。

例句:Active: John wrote a letter.(约翰写了一封信。

)Passive: A letter was written by John.(一封信被约翰写了。

)2. 不及物动词的被动语态:不及物动词是指没有宾语的动词,如:arrive, come, go等。

这类动词在被动语态中的主语仍然是动作的承受者,同样需要使用be动词的相应时态形式和过去分词构成。

高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)

高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。
例The glass is broken.(系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
7.“outof+名词”结构;表示“超出⋯⋯之外“,常见的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight(超
出视线之外),out of one’s reach够(不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled.)。
据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the
national exam.)
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它
10)should/would have been done过去将来完成时(少用)
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然
6.在therebe⋯句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的用法及常见情况被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要形式,它在句子中的作用是强调动作的接受者或者暗示动作的发出者。

被动语态的结构由“be”动词的不同形式加上及物动词的过去分词构成。

本文将归纳总结高中英语中被动语态的用法及常见情况,旨在帮助学生掌握被动语态的正确使用。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要由以下三个要素组成:1. 助动词:be动词的各种形式(am, is, are, was, were, been);2. 主语:表示动作的承受者;3. 过去分词:动词的过去分词形式。

例如,下面是被动语态的几个例子:1. The cake was eaten by Peter.(蛋糕被彼得吃了)2. The letter is being written by Mary.(信件正在被玛丽写)3. The car has been repaired by the mechanic.(汽车已被机修工修好)二、被动语态的使用情况被动语态在实际应用中有多种使用情况,下面将对其中常见的几个情况进行详细归纳。

1. 表示无生命的主动词没有被执行者当动作的执行者无需指明时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:The window was broken.(窗户被打破了)The money was stolen.(钱被偷了)The book is written in English.(这本书是用英语写的)2. 表示强调动作承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的接受者,使其成为句子的焦点。

例如:The cake was eaten by Peter.(蛋糕被彼得吃了)The letter was read by everyone.(信件被每个人都读了)3. 表示善意或委婉的表达被动语态可用于委婉表达,避免直接指责或责备别人。

例如:Mistakes were made.(有错误发生了)Machines are being used to replace human labor.(机器正在被使用来替代人力劳动)4. 某些固定句型中的被动语态被动语态在某些固定句型中的应用较为常见,例如:It is said that...(据说...)It is believed that...(人们相信...)It is known that...(众所周知...)三、被动语态的时态与语态转换被动语态的时态同主动语态一样,可根据具体情况来确定。

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。

掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点,对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。

本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。

I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。

其中,被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致,只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。

例如:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词(例句:The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。

)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词(例句:The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。

)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词(例句:The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。

)除了基本形式外,被动语态还可以与情态动词连用,形成不同时态的情态被动语态。

例如:1. 情态动词can的被动语态:can be + 过去分词(例句:The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。

)2. 情态动词should的被动语态:should be + 过去分词(例句:The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。

)II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。

)2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。

高中英语语法---被动语态

高中英语语法---被动语态

高中英语语法---被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,如:People grew rice in this area some years ago.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,如:A new swimming pool will be built on our school.一.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词be随着主语的人称,数,时态和语气的不同而变化。

各种时态的被动语态形式如下:1.一般现在时am/is/are+V(p.p)人们利用电能运转机器。

People use electricity to run machines. Electricity is used to run machines.Is electricity used to run machines? Yes, it is . / No, it isn't.2.一般过去时was/were + V(p.p)昨天我们在山坡上种了许多树。

We planted many trees on the hill yesterday.Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they were not. 3.一般将来时will/shall +be+V(p.p)下星期我们将举行一场运动会。

We will hold a sports meeting next week.A sports meeting will be held next week.Will a sports meeting be held next week? Yes, it will. / No, it won't.4.过去将来时should/would +be+V(p.p)他告诉我们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的形成与用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的形成与用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的形成与用法高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的形成与用法被动语态在英语中是非常常见的语法结构之一。

它的形成方法简单,但用法却需要一定的理解和掌握。

本文将对高中英语中被动语态的形成和用法进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的形成被动语态由主动语态的变化而来。

在英语中,主动语态的句子一般由主语+谓语动词+宾语的结构构成,而被动语态则是将主语变为句子的宾语,谓语动词前加上 be 动词的适当形式和 by 引导的介词短语。

被动语态的基本结构为:be + 过去分词。

举例说明:1. 主动语态:They build houses.被动语态:Houses are built by them.2. 主动语态:She is writing a letter.被动语态:A letter is being written by her.3. 主动语态:He will plant trees.被动语态:Trees will be planted by him.二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中常用于以下情况:1. 强调动作的承受者或受影响的对象。

主动语态:He ate all the cake.被动语态:All the cake was eaten by him.主动语态:They have cleaned the room.被动语态:The room has been cleaned by them. 2. 描述客观事实或普遍真理。

主动语态:People speak English all over the world.被动语态:English is spoken all over the world.主动语态:They grow rice in this area.被动语态:Rice is grown in this area.3. 阐述不知道或不需要提及动作的执行者。

主动语态:Somebody has stolen my bike.被动语态:My bike has been stolen.主动语态:They are selling tickets at the counter.被动语态:Tickets are being sold at the counter. 4. 在官方场合或正式文体中使用。

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第二章被动语态(一)语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,如果有必要强调动作的执行者,动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。

助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:amisare doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:waswere doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3. 一般将来时主动语态:willshall do被动语态:willshall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。

The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。

Will the school sports meeting be held next week?校运动会将在下星期举行吗?When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座?4. 一般过去将来时主动语态:would do被动语态:would be doneWe told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。

We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。

He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。

She asked whether their plan would be considered with great care. 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。

I wasn't told that I should be invited to the party. 没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。

5. 现在进行时主动语态:amisare doing被动语态:amisare being doneWe are cleaning the classroom now. 我们现在正在打扫教室。

The classroom is being cleaned now. 教室现在正在被打扫。

A hospital is being built in the centre of the town. 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。

Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗?How is the new teaching method being tried there 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的?6. 过去进行时主动语态:waswere doing被动语态:waswere being doneWe were cleaning the classroom this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。

The classroom was being cleaned this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫The teaching plan was being discussed at that time. 那时正在讨论教学计划。

Was the TV set being fixed this time yesterday 昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗?The house was being painted when we arrived at his home. 我们到他家时,他家房子正在粉刷。

7. 现在完成时主动语态:hashave done被动语态:hashave been doneThe classroom looks tidy. We have cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。

我们已经打扫了。

The classroom looks tidy. It has been cleaned. 教室看起来很整洁。

它已经被打扫了Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last month. 上个月以来,电视中播放了许多外国影片。

The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音机还没开。

Has a new training centre been set up in our town 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗?8. 过去完成时主动语态:had done被动语态:had been doneThe classroom looked tidy. We had cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。

我们已经打扫过了。

The classroom looked tidy. It had been cleaned. 教室看起来很整洁。

它已经被打扫过了。

His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month.上个月末,他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。

She told me that she had been dismissed by her boss. 她告诉我,她的老板已把她解雇了。

Her homework had not been finished when I got home. 我到家的时候,她的作业还没有完成。

9. 将来完成时主动语态:willshall have done被动语态:willshall have been doneWe will have cleaned the classroom by five o'clock. 我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。

The classroom will have been cleaned by five o'clock. 教室将在五点以前打扫完。

The new books will have been entered in the register before another parcel arrives. 这些新书在下一批书到来前将登记完毕。

How many expressways will have been completed by the end of next year 到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路?Before you return my work will have been done. 你回来前我的工作将会做完。

10. 过去将来完成时主动语态:would have done被动语态:would have been doneI said we would have cleaned the classroom by 500. 我说我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。

I said the classroom would have been cleaned by 500. 我说教室将在五点以前打扫完。

The headmaster said the article would have been translated by the end of next month. 校长说文章将在下月底翻译好。

The day was drawing near when the dam would have been completed. 大坝完工的日子不远了。

He told me that preparations would have been finished by 600. 他告诉我准备工作将在六点前完成。

B. “get+过去分词”结构被动语态除常用“be +过去分词”构成外,还可用“get+过去分词”结构。

这种结构多用在口语中,强调动作的结果。

The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。

Did your letter get answered 你收到回信了吗?注意:用“get+过去分词”结构时,其后的动作执行者(即by短语)一般不表示出来。

Finally his bike got repaired. 最后他的自行车得到了修理。

As I passed by, my skirt got caught on a nail. 我经过的时候,我的裙子被钉子挂住了。

C.“seemappear +过去分词”结构有时“seemappear +过去分词”也可以构成被动语态。

She seemed annoyed by his words. 她似乎被他的话搞得很恼火。

The house appears deserted. 这房子好像没人居住。

提示:并不是所有的“be+过去分词”结构中的be都能被get或seem, appear等词代替。

【误】She got born in a small village.【正】She was born in a small village. 她出生在一个小村庄。

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