综英L14 U8课文+10年12月真题+阅读III教育学习类
2010年12月大学生英语四级真题及答案(文字版)
听力部分11. A) The man should visit the museumB) She can’t stand the hot weatherC) The beach resort is a good choiceD) She enjoys staying in Washington12. A) Her new responsibilities in the companyB) What her job prospects areC) What the customers’ feedback isD) The director’s opinion of her work13. A) Combine her training with dietingB) Repeat the training every three daysC) Avoid excessive physical trainingD) Include weightlifting in the program14. A) When she will return homeB) Whether she can go by herselfC) Whether she can travel by airD) When she will completely recover15. A) The woman knows how to deal with the policeB) The woman had been fined many times beforeC) The woman had violated traffic regulationsD) The woman is good at finding excuses16. A) Switch off the refrigerator for a whileB) Have someone repair the refrigeratorC) Ask the man to fix the refrigeratorD) Buy a refrigerator of better quality17. A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown areaB) He has got enough money to buy a houseC) He can finally do what he has dreamed ofD) He is moving into a bigger apartment18. A) She is black and blue all overB) She has to go to see a doctor]C) She stayed away from work for a few daysD) She got hurt in an accident yesterdayQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She was a bank managerB) She was a victim of the robberyC) She was a defense lawyerD) She was a witness to the crime20. A) A tall man with dark hair and a moustacheB) A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face]C) A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweaterD) A medium-sized young man carrying a gun21. A) Identify the suspect from pictureB) Go upstairs to sign some documentC) Have her photo taken for their filesD) Verify the record of what she had saidQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) By reading a newspaper adB) By seeing a commercial on TVC) By listening to the morning newsD) By calling an employment service23. A) She could improve her foreign languageB) She could work close to her familyC) She could travel overseas frequentlyD) She could use her previous experiences24. A) Taking management coursesB) Teaching English at a universityC) Working as a secretaryD) Studying for a degree in French25. A) Prepare for an interview in a couple of daysB) Read the advertisement again for more detailsC) Send in a written application as soon as possibleD) Get to know the candidates on the short listQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They cannot see the firefighters because of the smokeB) They do not realize the danger they are inC) They cannot hear the firefighters for the noiseD) They mistake the firefighters for monsters27. A) He travels all over the America to help put out firesB) He often teaches children what to do during a fireC) He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community]D) He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge28. A) He saved the life of his brother choking on foodB) He rescued a student from a big fireC) He is very good at public speakingD) He gives informative talks to young children29. A) Firefighters play an important role in AmericaB) Kids should learn not to be afraid of monstersC) Carelessness can result in tragediesD) Informative speeches can save livesQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) To satisfy the needs of their familyB) To fully realize their potentialC) To make money for early retirementD) To gain a sense of their personal worth31. A) They may have to continue to work in old ageB) They may regret the time they wastedC) They may have nobody to depend on in the futureD) They may have fewer job opportunities32. A) Making wise use of your timeB) Enjoying yourself while you canC) Saving as much as you canD) Working hard and playing hardQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to 36________ our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and 37_________ their heritage. With computers and Internet connections in so many 38__________, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time – or talking to them in writing in online 39_______ rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more 40________than waiting until Sunday for the telephone 41_________ to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to 42_________ and discuss their classroom assignments and to 43__________them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework. 44________________________________________________________.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. 45____________________________________. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, "I want you to know that I care about you." 46_____________________________________________________, but only in the success of human relationships.选词填空What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47. The study of how genes and environment interact to influence48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the53to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture（养育）, by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.57. By“a one-way street”(Line l, Para, l),the author means_____.A) University researchers know litter about the commercial worldB) There is little exchange between industry and academiaC）Few industrial scientists world quit to work in a universityD) Few university professors are willing to do industrial research58. The word “deterrent” (Line 3, para.1) most probably refers to something that_____.A) Keeps someone from taking actio n C) Attracts people’s attentionB) Helps to move the traffic D) Bring someone a financial burden59. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her jod in the middle of her career?A) Flexible word hours C) Her preference for the lifestyle on campusB) Her research interests D) Prospect of academic accomplishments.60. Guy Grant chose to work as a research at Cambridge in order to_______.A) Do financially more rewarding word. C) enrich his experience in medical researchB) raise his status in the academic word D) exploit better intellectual opportunities61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?A) Increase its graduates’ competi tiveness in the job marketB) Develop its students’ potential in researchC) Help it to obtain financial support from industryD) Gear its research towards practical applications62 William Farris study and other studies show that______A) Social life provides an effective cure for illnessB) Being sociable helps improve one’s quality of lifeC) Women benefit more than men from marriageD) Marriage contributes a great deal to longevity63 Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that________A) Order men should quit smoking to stay healthyB) Marriage can help make up for ill healthC) The married are happier than the unmarriedD) Unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life64 It can be inferred from the context that “flip side” (Line 5, para, 2) refers to ________A) The disadvantages of being marriedB) The emotional problems arising from marriageC) The responsibility of taking care of one’s familyD）The consequence of a broken marriage65 What dose the author say about social networks?A) They have effects similar to those of a marriageB) They help develop people’s community spiritC) They provide timely support for those in needD) They help relieve people of their life’s burdens66 What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A) It’s important that we develop a social network when youngB) To stay healthy,one should have a proper social network C）Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life spanD) We should share our social network with each other完形填空Over half the world's people now live incities. The latest "Global Report on HumanSettlements" says the historic change took placelast year. The report ___67____ this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.A century ago, ___68___ than 5% of allpeople lived in cities. ___69__ the middle of thiscentury it could be 70%, or ___70___6,500,000,000 people.Already 3/4 of people in ___71___ countries live in cities. Now most urban population___72___ is in the developing world.Urbanization can __73___ to social and economic progress, but also put __74___ on cities to provide housing and __75___. The newreport says almost 200,000 people move __76__ cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, __77__ by social divisions and 67. A) came on B) came offC) came over D) came out68. A) more B) otherC) less D) rather69. A) By B) ThroughC) Along D) To70. D) really B) barelyC) ever A) almost71. A) flourishing B) developC) thriving D) fertile72. A) extension B) additioD) raise C) growth73. A) keep C) turnB) lead D) refer74. A) pressure B) loadC) restraint D) weight75.A) surroundings D) communiC) concerns B) services76. A) onto B) intoC) around D) upon77. A) pulled C) drivenB) drawn D) pressed78. A) situation B) treasudifferences in ___78___, could lead to violence____79____ cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl. This is where cities ___80___ into rural areas,sometimes ___81__ a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is ___82___ in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the __83___ cities to smaller cities. He sees a _84__ toward "de-urbanization" across America.____85___ urban economies still provide ____86____ that rural areas do not.C) wealth D) category79. A) when B) ifC) unless D) whereas80. A) extent B) C) extendD) expand81. A) on B) withC) at D) by82. A) ordinary B) averageC)common D) frequent83. A)major B) majorC) D) 84. A) B) futureC) D) trend85. A) therefore B) thusC) but D) while86. A) B) possibilitiesC) D) qualities翻译87．___________________(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.88．The significant museum______________(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago. 89．There would be no life on earth __________________ (没有地球独特的环境)。
2010-2019英一真题阅读+答案(2倍行距)【85页】
目录2010年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (1)2010年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (3)2010年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (5)2010年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (7)2011年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (9)2011年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (11)2011年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (13)2011年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (15)2012年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (17)2012年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (19)2012年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (21)2012年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (23)2013年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (25)2013年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (27)2013年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (29)2013年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (31)2014年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (33)2014年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (35)2014年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (37)2014年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (39)2015年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (41)2015年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (43)2015年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (45)2015年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (47)2016年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (49)2016年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (51)2016年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (53)2016年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (55)2017年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (57)2017年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (59)2017年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (61)2017年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (63)2018年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (65)2018年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (67)2018年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (69)2018年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (71)2019年考研英语阅读真题Text1 (73)2019年考研英语阅读真题Text2 (75)2019年考研英语阅读真题Text3 (77)2019年考研英语阅读真题Text4 (79)2005-2019考研英语真题阅读答案 (81)2010年考研英语阅读真题Text1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century,perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the20th century and the eve of World War II,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.In those far-off days,it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.Theirs was a serious business,and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly,like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman,could be trusted to know what they were about.These men believed in journalism as a calling,and were proud to be published in the daily press.“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,”Newman wrote,“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten.Neville Cardus,who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from1917until shortly before his death in1975,is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.During his lifetime,though,he was also one of England’s foremostclassical-music critics,and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography(1947)became a best-seller.He was knighted in1967,the first music critic to be so honored.Yet only one of his books is now in print,and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival?The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death,and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.36.It is indicated in Paragraphs1and2that[A]arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B]English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C]high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D]young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.37.Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by[A]free themes[B]casual style.[C]elaborate layout.[D]radical viewpoints.38.Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A]It is writers’duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B]It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C]Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D]Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.39.What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs[A]His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B]His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C]His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D]His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.40.What would be the best title for the text?[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B]The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism[D]Prominent Critics in Memory2010年考研英语阅读真题Text2Over the past decade,thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business received one for its“one-click”online payment system.Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents,which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized10years ago.In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz,the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.In re Bilski,as the case is known,is“a very big deal,”says Dennis D.Crouch of the University of Missouri School of Law.It“has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face,because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998decision in the so-called State Street Bank case,approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings,initially by emerging Internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online ter,more established companies raced to add such patents to their files,if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.In 2005,IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than300business-method patents, despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them.Similarly,some Wall Street investment firms armed themselves with patents for financial products,even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market.The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all12of the court’sjudges,rather than a typical panel of three,and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider”its State Street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent st April,for example,the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for“inventions”that are obvious.The judges on the Federal Circuit are“reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court,”says HaroldC.Wegner,a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.41.Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A]their limited value to businesses.[B]their connection with asset allocation.[C]the possible restriction on their granting.[D]the controversy over their authorization.42.Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A]Its ruling complies with the court decisions.[B]It involves a very big business transaction.[C]It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit.[D]It may change the legal practices in the U.S.43.The word“about-face”(Line1,Para.3)most probably means[A]loss of goodwill.[B]increase of hostility.[C]change of attitude.[D]enhancement of dignity.44.We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A]are immune to legal challenges.[B]are often unnecessarily issued.[C]lower the esteem for patent holders.[D]increase the incidence of risks.45.Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A]A looming threat to business-method patents.[B]Protection for business-method patent holders.[C]A legal case regarding business-method patents.[D]A prevailing trend against business-method patents.2010年考研英语阅读真题Text3In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that“social epidemics”are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the“two-step flow of communication”:Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those select people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don’t seem to be required at all.The researchers’argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey–whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence–even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends andcolleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.Building on this basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principal requirement for what is called“global cascades”–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics.[B]discuss influentials’function in spreading ideas.[C]exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics.[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32.The author suggests that the“two-step-flow theory”[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems.[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends.[C]has won support from influentials.[D]requires solid evidence for its validity.33.What the researchers have observed recently shows tha[A]the power of influence goes with social interactions.[B]interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media.[C]influentials have more channels to reach the public.[D]most celebrities enjoy wide media attention.34.The underlined phrase“these people”in Paragraph4refers to the ones who[A]stay outside the network of social influence.[B]have little contact with the source of influence.[C]are influenced and then influence others.[D]are influenced by the initial influential.35.What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted.[B]The impulse to influence others.[C]The readiness to be influenced.[D]The inclination to rely on others.2010年考研英语阅读真题Text4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.Behind the scenes,they have been taking aim at someone else:the accounting standard-setters.Their rules,moan the banks,have forced them to report enormous losses,and it’s just not fair.These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay,not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately,banks’lobbying now seems to be working.The details may be unknowable,but the independence of standard-setters,essential to the proper functioning of capital markets,is being compromised.And,unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers,reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress,America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)rushed through rule changes.These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statements.Bob Herz,the FASB’s chairman,cried out against those who“question our motives.”Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobbying group politely calls“the use of judgment by management.”European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board(IASB) do likewise.The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,but the pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year is strong.Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned the IASB that it did“not live in a political vacuum”but“in the real world”and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.Todaythey argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of bad debts.The truth will not be known for years.But banks’shares trade below their book value,suggesting that investors are skeptical.And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses,yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again,losses must be recognized and dealt with.America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters.The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions,for example,against hostility from special interests.But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36.Bankers complained that they were forced to[A]follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules.[B]collect payments from third parties.[C]cooperate with the price managers.[D]reevaluate some of their assets.37.According to the author,the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A]the diminishing role of management.[B]the revival of the banking system.[C]the banks’long-term asset losses.[D]the weakening of its independence.38.According to Paragraph4,McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to[A]keep away from political influences.[B]evade the pressure from their peers.[C]act on their own in rule-setting.[D]take gradual measures in reform.39.The author thinks the banks were“on the wrong planet”in that they[A]misinterpreted market price indicators.[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets.[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40.The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A]satisfaction.[B]skepticism.[C]objectiveness.[D]sympathy.2011年考研英语阅读真题Text1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.For the most part,the response has been favorable,to say the least.“Hooray!At last!”wrote Anthony Tommasini,a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise,however,is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.Even Tommasini,who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez,that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part,I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one.To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions,but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall,or anywhere else,to hear interesting orchestral music.All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf,or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.For the time,attention,and money of the art-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the20th century. These recordings are cheap,available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances;moreover,they can be“consumed”at a time and place of the listener’s choosing.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in theinstitution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record.Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted:Alex Ross,a classical-music critic,has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into“a markedly different,more vibrant organization.”But what will be the nature of that difference?Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough.If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract.21.We learn from Paragraph1that Gilbert’s appointment has[A]incurred criticism.[B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim.[D]aroused curiosity.22.Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23.The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24.According to the text,which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25.Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic,the author feels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.2011年考研英语阅读真题Text2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August,his explanation was surprisingly straight up.Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses,he came right out and said he was leaving“to pursue my goal of running a company.”Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,”McGee says.Within two weeks,he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group,which named him CEO and chairman on September29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run.It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations.And McGee isn’t alone.In recent weeks the No.2executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure,executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on.A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold,deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net.In the third quarter,CEO turnover was down23%from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had,according to Liberum Research.As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached.Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:“I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly.Ellen Marramquit as chief of Tropicana a decade ago,saying she wanted to be a CEO.It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange.Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005with ambitions to be a CEO.He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers.The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.“The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are,but that’s been fundamentally inverted,”says one headhunter.“The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26.When McGee announced his departure,his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27.According to Paragraph2,senior executives’quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28.The word“poached”(Line3,Paragraph4)most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30.Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs:Where to Go?[B]CEOs:All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top Performers2011年考研英语阅读真题Text3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.No longer. While traditional“paid”media–such as television commercials and print advertisements–still play a major role,companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.Consumers passionate about a product may create“earned”media by willingly promoting it to friends,and a company may leverage“owned”media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing’s impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products.For earned media,such marketers act as the initiator for users’responses.But in some cases,one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media–for instance,when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy,effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.Johnson&Johnson,for example,has created BabyCenter,a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products.Besides generating income,the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’marketing,and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more(and more diverse)communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker,more visible,and much more damaging ways.Such hijacked media are theopposite of earned media:an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers,other stakeholders,or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product.Members of social networks,for instance,are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens,passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.In such a case,the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful,and the learning curve has been steep.Toyota Motor,for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign,which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create“earned”media when they are[A]obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B]inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C]eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D]enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32.According to Paragraph2,sold media feature[A]a safe business environment.[B]random competition.[C]strong user traffic.[D]flexibility in organization.33.The author indicates in Paragraph3that earned media[A]invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B]can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C]may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D]deserve all the negative comments about them.34.Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of[A]responding effectively to hijacked media.[B]persuading customers into boycotting products.[C]cooperating with supportive consumers.[D]taking advantage of hijacked media.35.Which of the following is the text mainly about?[A]Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B]Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C]Dominance of hijacked media.[D]Popularity of owned media.2011年考研英语阅读真题Text4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful,provocative magazine cover story,“I love My Children,I Hate My Life,”is arousing much chatter–nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling,life-enriching experience.Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable,Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness:instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy,we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard,Senior writes that“the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.There are also stories about newly adoptive–and newly single–mom Sandra Bullock,as well as the usual“Jennifer Aniston is pregnant”news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation,is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing?It doesn’t seem quite fair,then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the childless.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world:obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course,the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic,especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the。
2010年12月英语四级真题及答案(有听力原文)
2010年12月英语四级答案解析（1）选A: People instinltively seek nature in different ways.解析：问题是作者的profound belief，第一段的最后一句给出了答案，whether we know we are doing so or not（不管我们知道与否）相当于句中的instinctively（本能地）.（2）选D: Things that are purchased.解析：文中第二段最后一句给出了答案，“odd new percep tions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought”，奇怪的新观念，什么对孩子最好，能买到的东西。
（3）选B: More access to the nature makes children less likely to fall ill.解析：瑞典研究出现在文中的第四段第一句，在自然环境中玩耍的幼儿园小朋友比在运动场玩耍的小朋友少患病，身体也更健康。
很明显，B选项最符合语意。
（4）选D: are less likely to be involved in bullying解析：此题对应的是第六段的第一句，the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore，恃强凌弱的现象在孩子们感兴趣去发现的自然环境中很少发生。
因此，D选项是正确答案。
（5）选B: Provide more green spaces for them.解析：第8段最后两句，众多研究表明，与自然接触对患有多动症的孩子最有益。
虽然如此，我们还是把钱花在了药物上，而非绿化环境。
因此B选项，提供更多的绿化面积，是正确答案。
10年12月四级答案
10年12月四级答案【篇一：2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案详解】p class=txt>姓名学校考证号 part i writing (30 minutes)directions：for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled how should parents help children to be independent? you should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……how should parents help children to be independent?. .part ii reading comprehension(skimming and scanning) (15 minutes)directions: in this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on answer sheet 1. for questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [a], [b], [c] and [d]. for questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.a grassroots remedymost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. to this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. the most popular leisure activity in britain is going for a walk. and when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. it is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.but despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). i spent my boyhood climbing trees on streatham common, south london. these days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about whatis best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.the truth is to be found elsewhere. a study in the us: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for adhd—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.a study in sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. a us study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. in playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. but when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. this reminds me unpleasantly of sunnyhill school in streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where i used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.but children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. so, instead, the damage is done to the childrenthemselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.one of the great problems of modern childhood is adhd, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to adhd children. however, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.the life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. the increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity ofyears. and study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.in wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.dr william bird, researcher from the royal society for the protection of birds, states in his study, “a natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” wild placesneed encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.we tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world. the error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging.human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). for seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.we need the wild world. it is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. without other living things around us we are less than human.five ways to find harmony with the natural worldwalk: break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.sit: take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. in the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.drink: the best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is in company. take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the windwith birdsong for background.learn: expand your boundaries. learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. that way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.travel: the places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. go somewhere special and bring specialness home. it lasts forever, after all.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题及完整版答案范文
2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 150 wor ds following the outline given below.1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?...Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly an d answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer fro m the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the senten ces with the information given in the passage.A Grassroots RemedyMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have apicnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The m ost popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instincti vely heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, wh ether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boy hood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbe d of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spac es and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorde r (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural e nvironment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a norm al playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natura l environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgr ounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got muchmore into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creati vity.Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) pla yground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, w here I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for hea lth and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to th eir souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and exp ensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than o n green places.The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The inc reasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantit y of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing i n finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural sur roundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for th is reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings ar e granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separabl e things is profoundly damaging.Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they li ved on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk throug h the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things ar ound us we are less than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural worldWalk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, m ake a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way i s in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the s un and the wind with birdsong for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring spec ialness home. It lasts forever, after all.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
份四级真题及答案详解
2010年12月份四级真题及答案详解2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?Nowadays, there is a growing concern over such a phenomenon, that is, some parents take care of almost everything concerned with their children, including study, work, marriage. Some parents believe that this is love, however, it is only to destroy children’s independence thoroughly.For the future of the next generation, more efforts should be made by parents to help their children to be independent. The fundamental one is to cultivate the awareness, namely, the importance and necessity of being independent, which is supposed to begin from childhood. Children should be taught that no one can be stronger and more helpful than themselves in this world.The quality of independence is so indispensable for us that parents had better act as a tutor, not a dictator. And only with parents’ trust, can the next generation accumulate confidence step by step.今年的作文主题非常贴近考生的生活，给了考生很大的发挥空间，擅长写日常生活细节的学生可以写上三五个句子勾勒父母对于子女的过度关爱，而擅长逻辑思考的学生则可以更多地阐述父母怎样的行为才可以培养子女独立的品格，而过度宠爱正导致了独立精神的消失。
2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题和答案及解析
2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题和答案及解析月大学英语四级考试真题和答案及解析Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions ：For For this this this part, part, part, you you you are are are allowed allowed allowed 30 30 30 minutes minutes minutes to to to write write write a a a short short essay essay entitled entitled entitled How How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? . . . Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked marked [A], [A], [A], [B], [B], [B], [C] and [C] and [D]. [D]. For For For questions questions questions 8-10, 8-10, 8-10, complete complete complete the the the sentences sentences sentences with with with the the the information information given in the passage. A Grassroots Remedy Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go go fishing, fishing, fishing, sit sit sit in in in the the the garden, garden, garden, drink drink drink outside outside outside rather rather rather than than than inside inside inside the the the pub, pub, pub, have have have a a a picnic, picnic, picnic, live live live in in in the the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don ’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not. But But despite despite despite this, this, our our children children children are are are growing growing growing up up up nature-deprived nature-deprived nature-deprived ((丧失). ). I I I spent spent spent my my my boyhood boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient ancient freedoms, freedoms, freedoms, due due to to problems problems problems like like like crime, crime, crime, traffic, traffic, traffic, the the the loss loss loss of of of the the the open open open spaces and spaces and odd odd new new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found. The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and and the the the children children children were were were assessed assessed assessed for for for ADHD ADHD —attention attention deficit deficit deficit hyperactivity hyperactivity hyperactivity disorder disorder disorder ((多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%. A A study study study in in in Sweden Sweden Sweden indicated indicated indicated that that that kindergarten kindergarten kindergarten children children children who who who could could could play play play in in in a a a natural natural environment environment had had had less less less illness illness illness and and and greater greater greater physical physical physical ability ability ability than than than children children children used used used only only only to to to a a a normal normal playground. playground. A A A US US US study study study suggested suggested suggested that that that when when when a a a school school school gave gave gave children children children access access access to to to a a a natural natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school. Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity. Most Most bullying bullying bullying ((恃强凌弱) ) is is is found found found in in in schools schools schools where where where there there there is is is a a a tarmac tarmac tarmac ((柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife. But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls. One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated treated with with with drugs. drugs. drugs. Y et Y et one one one study study study after after after another another another indicates indicates indicates that that that contact contact contact with with with nature nature nature gives gives gives huge huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places. The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. In wider and more more difficult difficult areas areas of of life, there is is evidence evidence to indicate indicate that that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution. e W e tend tend tend to to to look look look on on on nature nature nature conservation conservation conservation as as as some some some kind kind kind of of of favour favour favour that that that human human human beings beings beings are are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, themselves, but but but the the the very very very idea idea idea that that that humanity humanity humanity and and and the the the natural natural natural world world world are are are separable separable separable things things things is is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given given or or or received received received a a a bunch bunch bunch of of of flowers flowers flowers or or or chosen chosen chosen to to to walk walk walk through through through the the the park park park on on on a a a nice nice nice day, day, understands that. We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we are less than human. Five ways to find harmony with the natural world Walk: Walk: Break Break Break the the the rhythm rhythm rhythm of of permanently permanently being being being under under under a a a roof. roof. roof. Get Get Get off off off a a a stop earlier, stop earlier, make make a a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb. Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that ’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed. Drink: Drink: The The The best best best way way way to to to enjoy enjoy enjoy the the the natural natural natural world world world is is is by by by yourself; yourself; yourself; the the the second second second best best best way way way is is is in in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background. Learn: Learn: Expand Expand Expand your your your boundaries. boundaries. boundaries. Learn Learn Learn five five five species species species of of of bird, bird, bird, five five five butterflies, butterflies, butterflies, five five five trees, trees, trees, five five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life. Travel: Travel: The The The places places places you you you always always always wanted wanted wanted to to to visit: visit: visit: by by by the the the seaside, seaside, seaside, in in in the the the country, country, country, in in in the the the hills. hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, woods, for for for the the the birds, birds, birds, for for for the the the bees. bees. bees. Go Go Go somewhere somewhere somewhere special special special and and and bring bring bring specialness specialness specialness home. home. home. It It It lasts lasts forever, after all. 上作答。
人教版八年级上册英语Unit10阅读各类型综合试题及答案
人教版八年级上册英语Unit10阅读各类型综合试题及答案Passage1阅读理解Which color do you think will be popular in the future?Some people think blue will be popular because blue means peace and kindness. Everybody in the world hates war(战争). Blue will make people remember to keep the world peaceful.Other people think green will be popular became they think green is the color of nature. Now the environmental problem is very serious. People in the world are thinking more about how to look after the environment. When people wear green clothes, they will keep the environment in their hearts and try to make the environment better.Yellow will be another popular color. Why will it be popular? People are very busy these days because they have a lot to do. Yellow is a soft color and it can make people feel relaxed.Most people think black will be the most popular color. It always looks cool and men often show off their social positions(社会地位) by using this color.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
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Lesson7 Early Education
Studying
学习相关
09年12月 09年12月 复合听写 Writing 09年06月 09年06月 选词填空 How to Write 09年06月 09年06月 复合听写 How to remember new words 07年06月 阅读2 07年06月 阅读2 Writing 06年12月 06年12月 完形填空 Language
• 6.我们的社会与经济的发展也引发了一系列环境污染危机。 我们的社会与经济的发展也引发了一系列环境污染危机。 我们的社会与经济的发展也引发了一系列环境污染危机 • 7.我们应该采取措施去限制有毒有害气体的排放。 我们应该采取措施去限制有毒有害气体的排放。 我们应该采取措施去限制有毒有害气体的排放 • 8.使用可持续的材料是最环保的解决方法。 使用可持续的材料是最环保的解决方法。 使用可持续的材料是最环保的解决方法
Vocabulary—education
Primary/elementary schools Secondary schools Higher education universities + colleges ∈ academic institutions ranking recruit, admit, enroll students Personnel: Principal: fund-raising Dean: keep financial budgets Faculty: give lectures & seminars 小学 中学 高等教育 大学+ 大学+学院 学术机构 排名 招生 人员 大学校长： 大学校长：筹集资金 系主任： 系主任：维持财政预算 大学员工： 大学员工：做讲座与研讨会
Translation--key Translation--key -• 1. Global warming has given birth to climate change which raises the global death rates. • 1. 全球变暖产生了气候变化，这导致全球死亡率上升。 全球变暖产生了气候变化，这导致全球死亡率上升。 • 2. While some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and starvation. • 2. 当世界的一些地区为暴雨和洪水做准备时，其他的地区却面临干旱、歉收 当世界的一些地区为暴雨和洪水做准备时，其他的地区却面临干旱、 以及饥荒。 以及饥荒。 • 3. The Forum’s report was a methodological embarrassment. • 3. 该论坛的报告是一个方法论上的尴尬。 该论坛的报告是一个方法论上的尴尬。 • 4. Military personnel and aid groups worked day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set in. • 4.军人和救援组织日以继夜地工作去庇护那些幸存者，在冬天到来前。 军人和救援组织日以继夜地工作去庇护那些幸存者， 军人和救援组织日以继夜地工作去庇护那些幸存者 在冬天到来前。 • 5. Aid workers estimated that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took away. • 5. 救援工人估计需要花很多年的时间去重建地震所带走的一切。 救援工人估计需要花很多年的时间去重建地震所带走的一切。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Translation(+4)
• 我们的社会与经济的发展也引发了一系列环境污染危机。 我们的社会与经济的发展也引发了一系列环境污染危机。 • Our social and economic development has also triggered a series of crises of environmental pollution. • 我们应该采取措施去限制有毒有害气体的排放。 我们应该采取措施去限制有毒有害气体的排放。 • We should take measures to limit the emission of harmful and poisonous gas. • 使用可持续的材料是最环保的解决方法。 使用可持续的材料是最环保的解决方法。 • Using sustainable materials is the most environmentally friendly solution.
温馨提醒
在2012年1月1日前完成综合课所有单元自主学 年 月 日前完成综合课所有单元自主学 习的测试，此部分成绩占总评成绩的10%。 习的测试，此部分成绩占总评成绩的 。
艾滋病相关影视资料
News
China’s School Bus Donation to Macedonia Criticized
Ministry of Education: ￥300billions for school buses is too expensive
￥200billions spent on official cars every year
A Small Review
Environmental Protection
Translation(+4)
• 1. Global warming has given birth to climate change which raises the global death rates. • 2. While some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and starvation. • 3. The Forum’s report was a methodological embarrassment. • 4. Military personnel and aid groups worked day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set in. • 5. Aid workers estimated that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took away.
Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in the school building, is smarter, more (36)_________, less afraid of what he curious doesn't know, better at finding and (37)__________ things out, figuring more confident, resourceful, persistent, and (38)______________ than he will ever be again in his independent schooling—or unless he is very (39)__________ and very lucky, unusual for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40)_____________ with the world and people around him, and interacting without any school-type (41)____________ instruction, he has formal done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42)____________ than anything he will be asked to do in school, abstract or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved mystery the (43)____________ of language. He has discovered it— babies don't even know that language exists— and(44)_____________________________
Early Education 早年教育相关
10年 10年6月 复合听写 How children learn 09年12月 选词填空 Parents’ Impact on Children’s Language 09年12月 Learning 08年12月 08年12月 快速阅读 How to Deal with other People’s Kids 完型填空 Organized Sports and Children 07年12月 阅读2 07年12月 阅读2 Children should be free to grow through experience 07年6月 复合听写 Student’s pressure partly comes from parents 07年 06年 阅读2 06年1月 阅读2 Teach your children to apologize
Vocabulary—students
tuition fee scholarship/grant aid: merit-based /need-based Dining hall Dormitory accommodation Lodge 学费 奖学金 助学金：绩优/ 助学金：绩优/贫困助学金 饭堂 宿舍 n. 住宿 v.寄宿 v.寄宿