翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题
翻译理论与实践（汉译英）习题第一周词的选择复习思考题：翻译下列句子，注意选词：我的表不准，每天快十多分钟。
时间过得真快！情人节快到了。
这把刀很快。
参考译文：My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.How time does fly!Valentine’s Day is near. Or:Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:Valentine’s Day is drawing near.The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)第二周词语翻译技巧（词义引申）复习思考题练习：根据本节所讲进行选词1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。
2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。
3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。
4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。
5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。
6.世界科技进步和产业结构的调整，亚太地区经济的迅速增长，给我国经济发展提供了有利条件。
在我国中长期发展中，也有不可制约的因素，突出的是：……7.在1993年亚太经合组织第一次领导人非正式会议上，我曾说过，把一个什么样的世界带到二十一世纪，是我们这一代领导人必须认真思考和解决的重大问题。
环顾新世纪初的世界和亚太地区形势，可以说是有喜有忧。
8.为了进行认真细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。
9.专家普遍认为积极的财政政策对于最近几年的经济快速增长势头起了很大作用，2003年，这一政策的实施除了应向社会保障，农村教育及基础设施倾斜以外，还应从政府投资转向民间投资。
10.这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处，孔子的思想强调的是中庸适度。
但是我尊重孔子的思想，并不是要把他的思想搬到现代社会。
11.对于采取什么样的措施来控制人口这一问题早已不单是一个国家的问题了，而是一个全世界都关注的问题。
12.湖区水位提高可能要危及竹子的生长。
这意味着以竹子为食物的大熊猫也将受到威胁。
13.不幸的是，中国似乎是在学西方的样，如为了事业不结婚的人越来越多，不要小孩的越来越多，离婚的越来越多，年老的父母单独生活的越来越多。
14.新建的金茂大厦成为浦东新区的象征。
金茂大厦楼高八十八层，耸立在浦东新区的金融中心，与上海证券交易毗邻，是上海的黄金商业选址。
金茂大厦比上海所有建筑物都高，是中国目前最高的大厦，它东望整个浦东新区，西眺上海和黄浦江全景。
金茂大厦，一到五十二层为写字楼，五十二层以上为五星级的凯悦大酒店和六层购物商场，租户可以尽情享受在大厦所提供的一切。
参考译文：1.Why do people support us? Because our economy has been developing.2.The sea level is rising little by little in the consequence of global warming.3.Reforms and the open policy have also emancipated the minds of the people.4.We need to be enhancing international competitiveness.5.China’s modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperation and trade ties with othernations.6.The scientific and technical advancement in the world and the industrial restructuring as wellas the rapid economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region provide favorable conditions for economic development in China. However, there are a few factors that can impede progress in our medium-and-long range development. The prominent ones of these factors are…7.At the first APEC Economic leader’s meeting in 1993, I said that what kind of world was tobe brought into the 21st century was a crucial issue that we leaders of this generation must carefully think about and solve. Today, at the beginning of the 21st century, we have found the situation of the world and of the Asia-Pacific region both encouraging and worrying.8.In order to get a detailed and truthful picture of the particular places, he preferred to travel onfoot instead of by cart or boat, despite the hardships on long distances; and he even ventured in mountainous areas and jungles, which are rarely traveled by people and full of dangers. The pay-off for his efforts was his discovery of many fantastic landscapes.9.It is generally agreed among exports that the proactive fiscal policy has considerablycontributed to the rapid economic growth in recent years. The year 2003 will see the further implementation of such a policy, which will give added weight to the development of the social security system, rural education and the infrastructure, and a shifting of focus on investment sources from the government to the private sector.10.These values have much in common with some of the virtues of Confucianism, the Chinesephilosophy that stresses moderation. However, although I respect the spirit of Confucianism, I have not tried to adapt this ancient philosophy to modern society.11.The question of what is to be done to control population growth is no longer a matter of onecountry alone. It is a problem of international concern.12.Higher water levels in the lake area may endanger the growing of bamboos, which meansgiant pandas that feed on these plants will suffer, too.13.Unfortunately, China seems to be following the west’s lead: the rising number of careersingles and childless families, the soaring divorce rate and more and more the elderly parents living alone.14.The emerging Jinmao Building has become a symbol of Pudong New Area. Located in thefinancial district of the new area and next to the Shanghai Stock Exchange, the 88-storey mansion is Shanghai’s prime business address. Towing over (rising above) the ot her buildings in Shanghai, it boasts the tallest in China and enjoys commanding views of the whole area of Pudong to the east, and of the Huangpu River and the main city to the west. With 52 floors of offices situated below the five-star Grant Hyatt and a six-floor shopping area, the skyscraper offers a great deal for tenants.第三周物称与人称复习思考题翻译下列句子，注意运用物称表达法我想到希望，忽然害怕起来了。
翻译理论与实践3
3.He has a strong dislike for the sentimental. 他非常讨厌多愁善感无病呻吟。 4.During his visit to China, the Korean foreign minister conferred with his Chinese counterpart a number of times. 在中国访问期间，韩国外交部长与中国外交部长举行了 数次会谈。 5. Potatoes are an important source of starchy food in temperate countries and bananas in tropics. 马铃薯是温带国家淀粉食物的重要来源，香蕉则是热带 地区淀粉食物的重要来源。
英语往往运用词形变化，连接词、介词、 定于从句和独立主格表示成分之间各种语法关 系，句子外形很严谨；汉语由于没有词形变化、 定语从句和独立主格，连接词和介词也比英语 少很多，所以往往用隐性连贯方法来表示各种 语法关系，句子外形比较松散、自由。
对策： 英译汉：多运用汉语的动词，少用连接词，有时可以 不译连接词；介词短语、定语从句和独立主格等在大 多数情况下都被译为短语或分句 [例3]Come and see me tomorrow. [译文]明天来看我。 [例4]He is the last person for such a job. [译文]他最不适于担任这项工作。
[例8]他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想 是每个中国人所珍爱的。在过去，许多中国人 曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命 [译文]They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.
翻译理论与实践[汉译英]汉译英-长句的处理
![翻译理论与实践[汉译英]汉译英-长句的处理](https://360docs-1393072327.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/78a60c69f01dc281e53af0bd.webp)
长句的处理Ⅰ. Put the following long sentences into English, paying attention to their structures.1．我厂生产的112升和145升电冰箱，造型美观，质量可靠，噪音小，耗电少，使用方便安全。
2．当前我们迫切需要有一个装备优良、人员齐备、按照安全保护原则、本着一丝不苟的精神建立起来的先进核能实验室。
3．本厂已有35年生产丝绸服装的历史，其产品远销全球50多个国家和地区。
完全真丝，质量上乘，做工精细，款式新颖，光滑柔和，耐洗耐晒，永不褪色，舒适高雅，女士必备。
如欲购买，尽快联系。
4．本厂产品质量稳定可靠，深受用户欢迎。
从1979年以来，获纺织部和省市奖的产品共达84种。
我们将遵循“质量第一”、“用户至上”的原则，热忱地为用户服务。
5．知识分子是工人阶级中掌握科学文化知识较多的一部分，在改革开放和现代化建设中有着特殊重要的作用。
能不能充分发挥广大知识分子的才能，很大程度上决定着我们民族的盛衰和现代化建设的进程。
6．历史业也已证明，人类对资源的认识、开发和利用的，以及制造生产工具利用资源的能力，是社会生产力发展水平的重要标志，也在一定的程度上决定了一定的社会基本结构和发展形态。
7．信息技术是在微电子、计算机和现代通讯技术基础上发展起来的一门高科技，具有信息采集、传输、处理和信息服务等一系列功能。
现今已能在一片8英寸的芯片上集成5亿个电子元件，其宽度仅为0.2503微米；微机的信息处理速度已达每秒近亿次以上；计算机虚拟技术将大大拓宽信息技术应用的范围。
8．提高我国的科技水平，必须坚持独立自主、自力更生的方针。
但是，独立自主不是闭关自守，自力更生不是盲目排外。
科学技术是人类共同创造的财富。
我们不仅因为今天科技落后才需要向外股学习，即使我们的科学技术赶上了世界先进水平，也还要学习人家的长处。
Key: 1.将“造型美观，质量可靠，噪音小，耗电少，使用方便安全”用一个主谓结构译出。
《英汉翻译理论与实践》课程练习及答案
一．英汉翻译理论与实践课程之教案目录第1讲“翻译”溯源第2讲翻译的本质第3讲翻译的标准第4讲翻译面面观第5讲翻译必有“失”/ 失于此而得于彼（两讲合并）第6讲翻译与联想第7讲翻译与语法第8讲翻译与语体第9讲翻译与语篇第10讲英汉十大差异第11讲形合与意合第12讲代词的困惑第13讲Connotation的翻译第14讲翻译与词典第15讲以“模糊”求精确第16讲落笔知轻重译文讲分寸第17讲翻译最难是口吻第18讲翻译与形象思维第19讲翻译与灵感思维第20讲英语修辞的翻译（包括连接三讲）第21讲翻译中的文化冲击第22讲思维是语言的脊梁（两讲合并）第23讲翻译美学之思考（两讲合并）二．汉英翻译理论与实践课程之教案目录第1讲汉译英呼唤文字功力第2讲语篇与翻译第3讲：英汉语美感比读（两讲合并）第4讲：理性概译：翻译之坦途第5讲：英语句式的亮点：非人称主语句（两讲合并）第6讲：汉译英有用的句型（两讲合并）第7讲：类析汉译英常见拙译（三讲合并）第8讲：从“湖光山色”的英译说开去（两讲合并）第9讲：Denotation和Connotation（两讲合并）第10讲：翻译，你的本质是什么？第11讲：归化与异化----汉语习语的英译一．英汉翻译理论与实践课程之练习第1讲“翻译”溯源试将下列文字译成汉语：1/ Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene A. Nida & Charles R. Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation, 1969)2/ Translation may be defined as follows:The replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL)3/ A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition. (A. F. Tytler: Essay on the Principles of Translation. 1791)参考译文1/ 所谓翻译，是在译语中用最切近的自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先是意义，其次是文体。
矿大研究生英语翻译理论与实践课外作业(3)
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attention to the translation of the blackened parts (if any).1.He made sincere apologies to each of the teachers.译文：他向每个老师致以诚挚的歉意。
2.“Impossible” is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools.译文：只有在傻子的字典里才有“不可能”这个词。
3.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producingit.译文：我们不创造幸福就无权享受幸福，就像不创造财富就无权享用财富一样。
4.Children begin by loving their parents. After a time they judge them. Rarely, if ever, do they forgive them.译文：孩子们都是开始时爱父母，后来开始评价父母，但几乎不会原谅父母。
ter, Churchill told me that such hesitations were really rare.译文：后来，丘吉尔告诉我，这种犹豫确实是很少见的。
6.Then I thanked my host and walked down the broad lawn, back to the meadow and the sparkling brook,where I lay on the grass and fell into a sweet sleep.译文：接着我向主人道了谢径直走向宽阔的草坪，回到了水波闪闪的小溪边，我躺在溪边的草地上进入了甜美的梦乡。
翻译理论与实践
翻译理论与实践I. Improve the following Translations: 25%1. Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meagerstack of finished work one has accomplished has immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole.译文：往往一天辛苦工作结束时，一个人会灰心地意识到他所完成的少量的一堆工作对整个工作产生无限小的影响。
2. They left me at the gate, nor easily or lightly; and it was a strange sight to me tosee the cart go on, taking Peggoty away, and leaving me under the elus tree looking at the house in which there was no face to look at me with love or likely any more.译文：他们在大门前离开我，这也不容易的，不愉快的；看见车子载着辟果提走了，把我留在那些老榆下看那所房子，房子里再也没有一张怀着爱或欢心来看我的脸了，我觉得这是一种稀有的景象。
3．Any visitor to China is overwhelmed by the contradictions inherent in itshelter-skelter (喧嚣混乱的)progress.译文：任何到中国的人，都会被她喧嚣混乱的进步中所固有的矛盾所压倒。
4. 二十岁的时候，随时随地向人透露我的年龄，答得比问得还快。
三十岁之后，最恨别人问年龄，你要是非问不可，你猜啊。
翻译理论与实践[汉译英]3.2语境与词汇的翻译
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Should the couples split up or stay together for the sake of the kids?
这样的夫妻应该离婚还是应该为了孩子凑合着过下去？ （贬义）
学生很羡慕她的博学. Students admire her for her wide range of knowledge.（褒
Eg. 5 :复杂的感情： mixed feelings (√)
complex / complicated feelings (×)
Eg. 6: （日子）过去 ：flow away / wear off /
pass away
3.2.2 根据语言语境选择译文用词
“说”的不同翻译： Eg. 阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这
3.2.1 根据语言语境确定原文词义
例1： 洁白的大道 – clean roadway 例2：好地方 – a most suitable place 例3：强迫运动 – compulsory (必修的)
physical exercises
根据语言语境确定原文词义
例4： 把马克思主义的基本原理同中国实际结合 起来。
Good在不同collocation中的翻译
Good fire A good hard work Good reason A good dinner A good soil A good money Good English That engine sounds good. A good example Milk is good for children. a good chess player Have a good drink Good debts
叶子南《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》(第3版)配套题库(含考研真题)(翻译的基本技巧 1.2 词性转换法
1.2词性转换法⊙名词转换1.a good sailor【译文】不晕船2.a slow walker【译文】走得慢3.a heavy smoker【译文】烟抽得很多/烟鬼4.a big eater【译文】吃得很多/能吃/饭量大5.a great believer in...【译文】笃信……6.the greatest sufferer【译文】受苦（害）最深7.the best singer【译文】唱得最好/最好的歌唱家8.a good swimmer【译文】很会游泳9.a good loser【译文】输得起10.the worst dancer【译文】最不会跳舞11.an early riser【译文】早起（床）的人12.a hard worker【译文】勤奋工作13.a fast runner【译文】跑得很快14.a slick talker【译文】能说会道/耍嘴皮子/耍花腔15.a willing worker【译文】乐意干活16.a duelist【译文】好决斗17.a good observer【译文】善于观察18.a great joker【译文】很会开玩笑19.a light sleeper【译文】睡眠时易醒/睡不熟/易警醒20.a good thief【译文】很会偷/善偷21.a bad liar【译文】不会说谎/很不善于撒谎22.a rapid writer【译文】笔头快/下笔快/写得快23.a good whistler【译文】口哨吹得好24.a bit of a fancier【译文】有点喜欢胡思乱想25.a good looker【译文】很好看/很漂亮/美人26.a master complicator【译文】真会捣乱27.a loner【译文】喜欢孤独的人/独立自主的人/不合群28.a clock-watcher【译文】老是看钟等下班（或下课等）的工人（或学生等）29.the best hater【译文】最会记仇30.a worrier【译文】放心不下/担心/发愁31.an idler or a loafer【译文】游手好闲/懒汉/闲荡32.a good worker【译文】干得好33.The speakers called for the downfall of imperialism,abolition of exploitation of man by man,liberation of the oppressed of China and the world.(G.Hatem:A Tribute)【译文】讲演者号召人们打倒帝国主义，消灭人剥削人的制度，解放中国和世界受压迫者。
《翻译理论与实践》练习答案
一．翻译部分（汉译英部分）1. Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.2. China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.3. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.4. It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward..5. The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there.6. China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts.7. As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned.factor for social economic development in many parts of China. Water degradation (Intensified water pollution. and increasing demand for water supply will, without mercy, result in the approaching of water shortage disaster. Thus, fighting against pollution and protecting water sources have become the common responsibilities of mankind as a whole.8. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.9. In a market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if thecompetition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. Tremendous amounts of resources and talent will be wasted on vicious competition. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies invest huge amounts of money into new projects. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses.10. More young people get health information from the Internet than use it to ownload music,play games, or check sports scores. A new survey shows three out of four young people who use the Internet have searched for health and medical information. In face, the only activities that more young people reported participating in were emailing, school research, and finding news and entertainment information. The survey is the first to look in depth at how young people use the Internet for health purposes finds.11. China is already the world’s third largest producer o f electronics, and becoming a player inthe global appliance market. With its huge production capacity--growing by about 20 percent a year--the Chinese are relentlessly driving down global prices. Twenty years age, U.S., European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. “We will see the emergence of globally competitive Chinese firms,” says the Brookings Institution’s Lardy.12. Green, h uman, and technological are the three main themes of Beijing’s bid for the 2008Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committee, Beijing wants its Olympics to be the Games known for promoting environmental protection.Along with all of its citizens, through the bidding stage and hosting of the Olympic Games, Beijing’s aim is to further speed up its environmental protection plans to enhance theenvironmental quality, perfect construction of urban infrastructure, improve residents’ standard of living and promote the sustainable development of the city.13. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.14. The phenomenon of holiday economy demonstrates that, with an improvement of livingstandards, the consumption structure has been diversified and the consumption concept greatly changed. Traditional consumer demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development, and services should be refined to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.15. Developing a scenic spot represents the orientation of building culture. An economic flourishis not bound to bring about cultural progress. First, when people seek economic benefits, they often neglect or give up fostering the building of culture. Second, when old concepts are broken up, some people will be at a loss or go astray . Therefore, it has been an important task of society to keep a balance between economic development and cultural building.16. A national survey indicates that major tourist attractions and scenic spots nationwidereceived a total of 9.86 million visitors during October 1-7, and income from admission tickets hit 267 million yuan. During the week, 1.22 million Beijingers traveled to other places, an increase of 37 percent compared to the same period last year, and the city’s tourism income totaled 2.43 billion yuan, up 52 percent. Therefore, the seven-day holiday has been called a “golden week”.17. According to the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005., the Central Government will increasetransfer payments to the western region. In the meantime, measures will be adopted to attract non-governmental and foreign capital for participation in western development and construction. Major engineering projects, such as the west-to-east power transmission, conservation and development of water resources, will provide great possibilities for rising investment demand in the coming years.18. A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.Without peace or political stability, there would be no economic progress to speak of. Thishas been fully proved by both the past and the present. Peace and development are the themes of the times. People across the world should join hands in advancing the lofty cause of peace and development of mankind.19. In the past few years, important advances in computer science, artificial intelligence andmaterial science have once again raised hopes of making intelligent robots. In fact, progress toward an intelligent robot has been so convincing that many scientists are worrying publicly about the perils of robots. Whether humans are in a hopeful or precarious place, the journey here has been an intellectual challenge.20. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 50 non-government environmentalprotection organizations in the city. They exploit their advantages to the fullest with the public, guiding local people to protect the environment and build a green home and a green community, advocating garbage segregation, holding consultation meetings, giving public lectures, calling upon people to protect wild animals and organizing environmental protection summer camp activities, etc.21. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.22. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other.Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.23. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.24. Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is nowplaying a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.25. In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion USdollars in the construction of basic facilities, It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking business opportunities from Beijing Olympic Games.They are trying find the areas where U. K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment.26. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quiteappreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmlywelcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs,watched gofu films.（英译汉部分）英译汉讲义答案Section One Sentence Translation1. 如何运用新的管理方式和观念来改造一个服务性企业，英航在这方面的确提供了一个范例。
翻译理论与实践[汉译英]4.2谓语的确定与主谓一致问题1
汉语隐性谓语的翻译
B. 名词性谓语 (nominal predicate )的翻译 例：今天星期五。 Today is Friday.
汉语隐性谓语的翻译
C. 数量词隐性谓语的翻译 例：她的未婚夫都60了。 Her fiancéis already 60 years old.
I 英汉语谓语的差异
?主语谓语系动词表语?主语谓语不及物动词?主语谓语及物动词宾语?主语谓语宾语宾语补足语?主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语在将句子译成英语时若主要成分的顺序一致则可套用对应的英语句型所选择的谓语也大致可以与原文对应
4.2谓语的确定与主谓一致问题
*汉语谓语（predicate）相对呈隐性，在表达 上具有多样性：谓语动词可省略；同时形容 词、名词、数量词可兼任谓语的功能。
巨，困难不少，但潜力很大，前景广阔。
Truly speaking, China has had great difficulty in solving her problem with food provision. But she also has great potential and prospects for having her people well fed.
连动式谓语的翻译
[例3] 她哼着曲子走进卧室去。 [译文] Humming a tune she went into the
bedroom.
兼语式 (pivotal construction) 的翻译
虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
The held several meetings to consider counter-measures.
翻译理论与实践[汉译英]汉译英-“把”字句的译法
“把”字句的译法1．Ⅰ.Put the following sentences into English.2．司机把车开到路旁的商店前停下。
3．许多人为把孩子送进寄宿学校念书而节衣缩食。
4．我们容易把这个问题看成是现在才有的, 但事实上它已经存在几个世纪了。
5．把这药吃掉, 否则你的咳嗽再也不会好了。
6．他把房间翻了个遍, 也没找到想要的东西。
7．小姑娘把腰杆一挺, 头也不回地走了。
8．观众把双眼盯住演讲者。
9．小张把腿一伸, 拌了他一跤。
10．他把羊放到牧场吃草。
11．看完后, 请把书放回书架。
12．千万把药片放在小孩找不到的地方；。
13．隆隆的雷声把孩子们吓坏了。
14．我们应把国企改革作为经济体制改革的中心环节。
15．他把整个地球都转遍了。
16．我们已经把敌人打败了。
Key:1.The driver pulled in at a roadside store.2.Many people scraped and saved to get their children into boarding schools.3.We tend to think of this as a modern problem, but it has existed for centuries.4.Take this, or your cough will never clear up.5.He rummaged through the room, but still could not find what he wanted.6.The little girl straightened herself up and went away without looking back.7.The audience fixed their eyes on the lecturer.8.Xiao Zhang stuck out a foot and tripped him over.9.He set his sheep loose in the pasture.10.Put the book back to the shelf after reading.11.Be sure to put the tablets where the child cannot find them.12.The children were frightened to death by the rumbling of the thunder.13.We should take the reform of state-owned enterprises as the central link in economicrestructuring.14.He traveled throughout the world.15.We have defeated the enemy.Ⅱ.Compare the two versions of translation.1. 1999年, 市人大常委会立法决定, 把每年的11月1日定为全市长跑日, 从而把长跑运动定为深圳市的传统体育项目。