《英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题详解-2.1 词语翻译考研真题详解【圣才出品】
第2章词语翻译考研真题与典型题详解
2.1 词语翻译考研真题详解
1. 北京外国语大学
题1. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each)（北外2015研）
1. Bogor Goals
【答案】茂物目标
2. FTAAP
【答案】亚太自由贸易协定/区（全称：Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific）
3. zero-sum game
【答案】零和博弈
4. ALS
【答案】自动着陆系统（全称：Automatic Landing System）
5. NASA
【答案】美国航空航天局（全称：National Aeronautics and Space Administration）
6. genomic variation
【答案】基因组变异
7. ozone depletion
【答案】臭氧枯竭
8. sinology
【答案】汉学
9. bitcoin
【答案】比特币
10. UNCED
【答案】联合国环境与发展会议（全称：United Nations Conference on Environment and Development）
11. paparazzi
【答案】狗仔队
12. amino acid
【答案】氨基酸
13. digital divide
【答案】数字鸿沟
14. existentialism
【答案】存在主义
15. silver-spoon kids
【答案】富二代
题2. Translate the following terms into English (15 points, 1 point each) （北外2015研）
1. 十八届四中全会
【答案】the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee
2. 亚太经合组织
【答案】APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation）
3. 互联互通
【答案】interconnection and interworking
4. 量化宽松政策
【答案】quantitative easing policy
5. 公使衔参赞
【答案】minister-counselor
6. 埃博拉病毒
【答案】Ebola virus
7. 自闭症
【答案】Autism
8. 防空识别区
【答案】ADIZ: Air Defense Identification Zone
9. 负面清单
【答案】Negative List
10. 房产税
【答案】housing property tax
11. 专利技术
【答案】patented technology
12. 和而不同
【答案】harmony in diversity
13. 地沟油
【答案】swill-cooked dirty oil
14. 真人秀
【答案】reality show
15. 逆袭
【答案】counteroffensive
题3. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each) （北外2014研）
1. UNDP
【答案】联合国开发计划署（United Nations Development Programme）
2. OECD countries
【答案】经济合作与发展组织（Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）成员国
3. bailout loans
【答案】紧急援助贷款；救济融资；拯救性贷款
4. EBITA
【答案】息税摊销前利润（Earnings before Interest, T axes and Amortization）
5. venture capital
【答案】风险投资；风险资本
6. telepresence
【答案】思科网真；远程监控；远端临场；远程呈现
7. carbon footprint
【答案】碳足迹；碳排放量
8. forensic medicine
【答案】法医学
9. key encryption technology
【答案】密钥加密技术
10. United Arab Emirates
【答案】阿拉伯联合酋长国。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．cultural pluralism.正确答案：文化多元性2．lingua franca正确答案：混合语，通用语3．stage fright正确答案：怯场4．functional equivalence正确答案：功能对等5．PIIGS正确答案：欧猪五国6．Obama-mess正确答案：奥巴马困境7．seckill正确答案：秒杀8．Chindonesia正确答案：中印尼，亚洲铁三角9．intexticated正确答案：边开车边发短信10．broken society正确答案：破裂的社会11．defriend正确答案：解除好友关系12．ghost estate正确答案：鬼宅13．copycatting正确答案：山寨14．great recession正确答案：大萧条汉译英15．翻译能力正确答案：translation competence 16．翻译标准正确答案：translation criterion 17．典故正确答案：literary quotation 18．汉化英语正确答案：Chinglish19．陪同口译正确答案：Escort Interpretation 20．跨文化交际正确答案：cross-cultural communication21．模拟国际会议口译正确答案：mock international conference interpretation22．典籍英译正确答案：English Translation of Chinese Classics23．学术翻译正确答案：academic translation24．翻译专业硕士正确答案：Master of Translation and Interpreting25．建设中国特色社会主义正确答案：the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics。
考研英语翻译真题及答案
考研英语翻译真题及答案考研英语中的翻译部分一直是众多考生重点关注和努力攻克的对象。
通过对历年真题的研究和练习，能够让考生更好地把握命题规律，提升翻译能力。
以下为大家呈现部分考研英语翻译真题及答案，并对其进行详细的分析和讲解。
真题一：The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities参考译文：几个世纪以来，在欧洲的大学里，对法律的研究一直被认为是一门基础的知识学科。
然而，只是在最近几年，它才成为加拿大大学本科课程的一个特色。
解析：这句话的翻译重点在于准确理解和处理一些词汇和短语。
“intellectual discipline”翻译为“知识学科”；“feature”在这里是“特色”的意思。
句子结构方面，“However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities”是一个倒装句，正常语序为“However, it has become a feature of undergraduate programsin Canadian universities only in recent years” 翻译时要注意调整语序，以符合中文的表达习惯。
真题二：While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults参考译文：在与年轻人接触时，我们很容易忽视自己的行为对他们性格的影响，但在与成年人打交道时，就不那么容易忽视了。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编22(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编22(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．CPU正确答案：中央处理单元2．FOB正确答案：离岸价3．UK正确答案：英联合王国4．NGO正确答案：非政府组织5．PhD正确答案：博士学位6．GRE正确答案：美国研究生入学考试7．UFO正确答案：不明飞行物8．OEM正确答案：贴牌生产9．VIP正确答案：重要人物10．AIDS正确答案：艾滋病汉译英11．信、达、雅正确答案：faithfulness;expressiveness;elegance12．功能对等正确答案：functional equivalence13．团队精神正确答案：team spirit14．统筹兼顾正确答案：overall planning and coordination15．自主创业正确答案：self-employment16．建设节约型社会正确答案：to build a conservation-oriented society17．公益性文化事业正确答案：non-profit cultural undertakings18．从善如流正确答案：do good naturally and happily; take advice with a receptive mind; readily follow what is right19．两元经济结构正确答案：urban-rural dual economy20．科学发展观正确答案：the Scientific Outlook(Thinking)on Development 21．“一站式”办公正确答案：one-stop service22．更快，更高，更强正确答案：Faster, Higher, Stronger23．加强务实合作正确答案：strengthen pragmatic cooperation24．生态补偿机制正确答案：ecological compensation mechanism25．趋利避害正确答案：seek advantages and avoid disadvantages。
考研英语翻译试题及答案解析
考研英语翻译试题及答案解析下面是小编整理的考研英语翻译练习题，欢迎大家前来参考。
The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, thefunctioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.重点词汇：discipline:[记]联想记忆：dis(不)+cip(拿)+line(线)——不拿老百姓一针一线——纪律n.纪律，规定 [例]Without discipline, there is no method.没有规矩，不成方圆。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编11(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编11(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．MOU正确答案：Memorandum of Understanding谅解备忘录2．GDP正确答案：Gross Domestic Product国内生产总值3．POW正确答案：Prisoner of War战俘4．CPU正确答案：Central Processing Unit中央处理器5．LC正确答案：Library of Congress(美国)国会图书馆6．NGO正确答案：Non—governmental Organization非政府组织7．BBS正确答案：Bulletin Board System电子公告板8．LCD正确答案：Liquid Crystal Display液晶显示器9．WHO正确答案：World Health Organization(联合国)世界卫生组织10．EAP正确答案：Employee Assistance Program员工帮助计划汉译英11．电子商务正确答案：electronic commerce12．对冲基金正确答案：hedge funds13．次贷危机正确答案：subprime crisis14．山寨手机正确答案：emulational mobile phone15．暗箱操作正确答案：black case work16．本末倒置正确答案：put the cart before the horse17．破釜沉舟正确答案：burn one’ s bridges18．网恋正确答案：online love affair19．和谐社会正确答案：harmonious society20．科学发展观正确答案：Scientific Outlook on Development 21．中小企业正确答案：small-and medium-sized enterprises 22．洗钱正确答案：money laundering23．人民币升值正确答案：appreciation of the RMB24．次贷危机正确答案：subprime mortgage crisis25．水土流失正确答案：soil and water loss。
2010年首都师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2010年首都师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、将下列词语译成汉语。
（每题1分，共15分）1. nuclear nonproliferation treaty【答案】不扩散核武器公约2. comfort woman【答案】慰安妇3. cultural industry【答案】文化产业4. open economy【答案】开放型经济5. non-profit organization【答案】非营利性组织6. Interior Ministry【答案】内政部长7. down payment【答案】首付8. IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织9. NATO【答案】北大西洋公约组织10. a stock exchange 【答案】证券交易所11. The State Council 【答案】国务院12. Mount Everest【答案】珠穆朗玛峰13. anti-dumping【答案】反倾销14. breaking news【答案】突发新闻，爆炸新闻15. national census【答案】全国人口普查二、将下列词语译成英语。
（每题1分，共15分）1. 出口配额【答案】export quota2. 贸易逆差【答案】trade deficit3. 财政赤字【答案】financial deficit4. 中国人民政治协商会议【答案】the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)5. 外资企业【答案】foreign-funded enterprises; foreign-invested enterprises6. 人才市场【答案】talent resources market; careers fair7. 珠江三角洲【答案】the Pearl River Delta8. 网络犯罪【答案】network crime; cyber crime9. 易经【答案】The Book of Changes10. 生物恐怖主义【答案】bioterrorism11. 美国参议员【答案】senator12. 联合国教科文组织【答案】United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)13. 万维网【答案】World Wide Web (www.)14. 美国国会【答案】United States Congress15. 女权主义【答案】Feminism三、将下列短文译成汉语。
2011年武汉大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2011年武汉大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Put the Following Terms into Chinese(15%)1. ASEAN【答案】东南亚国家联盟（东盟）2. CPI【答案】消费物价指示3. EQ【答案】情商4. GMT【答案】格林威治标准时间5. GNP【答案】国民生产总值6. NGO【答案】非政府组织7. OPEC【答案】石油输出国家组织8. UNCF【答案】联合国儿童基金会9. UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织10. Dynamic Equivalence 【答案】动态对等11. Foreignizing Method 【答案】异化法12. Intersemiotic Translation 【答案】符际翻译13. Lingua Franca【答案】通用语14. Polysystems Theory【答案】多元文化理论15. Department of Homeland Security【答案】国土安全部II. Put the Following Terms into English(15%) 1. 即席翻译【答案】simultaneous translation2. 稀土【答案】tombarthite3. 产品导向【答案】product orientation4. 民族的先知【答案】prophet of a nation5. 操纵汇率【答案】to manipulate currency6. 第三产业【答案】tertiary industry7. 宏观调控【答案】macro-control8. 虚拟经济【答案】virtual economy9. 生态补偿机制【答案】ecological compensation mechanism10. 西部大开发【答案】west development11. 抑制流动性【答案】to inhibit liquidity12. 持续发展【答案】sustainable development13. 全面战略伙伴关系【答案】the comprehensive strategic partnership14. 转变政府职能【答案】to transform the government functions15. 国际金融新秩序【答案】The new international financial order.III. Put the Following Passages into Chinese(60%)I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you’ve bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because we the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a newage. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land-a nagging fear that America’s decline is inevitable, and the next generation must lower its sights. Today I say to you that the challenges we face arc real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America-they will be met.【参考译文】我今天站在这里，深感面前使命的重大，深谢你们赋予的信任，并铭记我们前辈所付的代价。
穆雷《英汉翻译基础教程》配套题库(含考研真题)-第一章至第二章【圣才出品】
第1章词汇翻译一、翻译下面的句子，注意所选用词的感情色彩。
1.①As luck would have it,no one was in the building when the explosion occurred.②As luck would have it,there was rain on the day of the picnic.【译文】①幸运的是，爆炸发生时，没人在建筑物里。
②不凑巧的是，野餐那天下雨了。
2.①One player in particular deserves a mention.②He deserves to be locked up forever for what he did.【译文】①一名运动员特别值得表扬。
②他做了这样的事，活该终身监禁。
3.①Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it.②That athlete tried to relive his glory days.【译文】①凡是忘掉过去的人注定要重蹈覆辙。
②那运动员试图重温他的光辉岁月。
4.①The bell is not working.②Your idea won’t work in practice.③Professor White is at work on a new book.【译文】①铃不响了。
②你的想法实际上行不通。
③怀特教授正在写一本新书。
5.①Our plan succeeded.②The underwriter realizes this and certainly does not set out to make lifedifficult for his agency colleagues.However,he has a job to do.Part of that job is to ensure that people who attempt to buy policies because they expect to “die”soon do not succeed in fooling him and his company.【译文】①我们的计划成功了。
《考研翻译真题详解》课件
03
总结词：文化表达
04
详细描述：在译文中要注重 文化的表达，尽可能保留原 文的文化特色和语言风格。 可以通过适当的解释和补充 ，让读者更好地理解原文的
文化背景。
04
考研翻译常见问题与解决 方案
直译与意译的平衡
总结词
在考研翻译中，直译与意译的平衡至关重要，既要忠实于原文，又要符合目标语 言的表达习惯。
2000年的考研翻译真题难度适中，主要涉及经济话题，如“中国加入世界贸易 组织”等，要求考生具备较好的英语语言能力和经济知识背景。
2005年考研翻译真题
总结词
难度较高，涉及文化话题
VS
详细描述
2005年的考研翻译真题难度较高，主要 涉及文化话题，如“中国传统文化”等， 要求考生不仅具备较好的英语语言能力， 还需要对文化背景有一定的了解。
05
考研翻译备考策略
词汇积累与巩固
总结词
词汇是翻译的基础，考生需要不断积累和巩 固词汇量，包括常见短语、习语和句型。
详细描述
考生可以通过阅读英文原著、新闻、学术论 文等途径，不断扩大词汇量，同时利用记忆 曲线等科学方法进行复习，提高记忆效果。
阅读理解能力的提升
总结词
阅读理解能力是翻译的重要基础，考生需要通过大量阅 读提高阅读速度和理解能力。
详细描述
考研翻译主要考察考生对英文的理解 能力，以及中文表达能力，要求考生 能够准确、流畅地进行中英文转换。
考研翻译的重要性
总结词
考研翻译是考研英语考试中的重要部分，其成绩直接影响考生的总成绩。
详细描述
在考研英语考试中，翻译部分的得分占比相对较高，因此，考生需要在这一部分取得较好的成绩，才能提高总成 绩。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编42(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编42(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．accuracy正确答案：正确性2．competence正确答案：能力3．correspondence正确答案：对应4．direction of translation正确答案：翻译方向5．informative texts正确答案：信息类文本6．literal translation正确答案：直译，字面翻译7．parallel corpora正确答案：平行语料库8．rephrasing正确答案：改写9．TL正确答案：译语，译人语10．shift正确答案：转换11．translation unit正确答案：翻译单位12．translationese正确答案：翻译腔13．disambiguation正确答案：消歧14．coherence正确答案：连贯性15．textual norms正确答案：文本规范汉译英16．不可译性正确答案：Untranslatability 17．超额翻译正确答案：over translation 18．成分分析正确答案：complexity analysis 19．重写正确答案：rewriting20．计算机辅助翻译正确答案：Computer Aided Translation 21．异化正确答案：foreignization22．改编正确答案：adaptation23．术语正确答案：Terms24．口译正确答案：Interpretation25．冗余正确答案：redundancy。