北京大学考博英语练习题词汇专题
(完整word版)北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%）Directions:For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably completethe sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet。
11． Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing” for human being is a question thata wide solution.A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D。
seeks for12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control， it is sometimesa bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message.A．accustomed to split and dividedB．accustomed to splitting and dividingC．accustomed to split and dividingD．accustomed to splitting and divided13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value。
A。
at itself B。
as itself C。
on itself D。
in itself14． us earlier, your request to the full.A。
北京大学博士英语试题及答案
北京大学博士英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The company has been ________ for over a century.A. establishedB. establishingC. to establishD. being established答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, the match will be held as ________.A. planB. plannedC. planningD. to plan答案：B3. The professor suggested that we ________ a meeting to discuss the issue.A. arrangeB. arrangedC. arrangingD. will arrange答案：A4. The book is worth ________.A. to readB. readC. readingD. being read答案：C5. The problem is too difficult for us ________.A. to solveB. solvingC. solvedD. being solved答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每题3分）阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
The rise of artificial intelligence has brought about significant changes in various industries. Companies are now using AI to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance customer experiences. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, there are concerns about job displacement and privacy issues.6. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The impact of AI on industriesB. The benefits of AIC. The concerns about AID. The advancement of technology答案：A7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of AI?A. Improved efficiencyB. Reduced costsC. Enhanced customer experiencesD. Increased job opportunities答案：D8. What is the concern associated with AI?A. Job displacementB. Increased efficiencyC. Reduced costsD. Enhanced customer experiences答案：A9. What can be inferred from the passage?A. AI is only used in certain industries.B. AI is a threat to privacy.C. AI is being embraced by companies.D. AI has no benefits.答案：C10. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To promote AIB. To criticize AIC. To inform about AID. To encourage debate about AI答案：C三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In the past, people used to believe that the world was flat. However, with the discovery of new lands and the development of navigational tools, this belief was gradually __11__.11. A. changedB. alteredC. modifiedD. transformed答案：A12. The explorers' voyages led to a __12__ understanding of the world.A. clearB. distinctC. preciseD. accurate答案：D13. As a result, the concept of a spherical Earth became__13__.A. acceptedB. acknowledgedC. recognizedD. known答案：A14. Today, we take for granted the fact that the Earth is round, but in the past, it was a __14__ idea.A. revolutionaryB. radicalC. groundbreakingD. innovative答案：A15. The __15__ of the Earth's shape has had a profound impact on science and exploration.A. realizationB. perceptionC. understandingD. comprehension答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题10分）16. 随着互联网的普及，人们获取信息的方式发生了巨大变化。
北京大学考博英语-10_真题-无答案
北京大学考博英语-10(总分57.5,考试时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ V ocabulary1. The destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City ______ shock and anger not only throughout America but also throughout the whole world.A. envelopedB. summonedC. temptedD. provoked2. The beauty of the reflected images in the limpid pool was the poignant beauty of things that are ______, exist only until the sunset.A. equitableB. ephemeralC. euphoniousD. evasive3. As a result, the mission of the school, along with the culture of the classroom, ______A. was slowly to changeB. are slowly changedC. is slowly changingD. have slowly changed4. Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap and ______ foodstuff for their cooking.A. versatileB. multipleC. manifoldD. diverse5. Before turning to writing, I spent eight years as a lawyer______about how life would be with a prominent father blazing my trail.A. fantasizingB. fascinatingC. facilitatingD. finalizing6. Nobody knows why there are so few women at the ______ of movies.A. helmB. seatC. controlD. reign7. There is a conspicuous lack of public debate about how this insular country should______the reality that more immigrants **ing and that those already here are changing Japan.A. abide byB. account forC. act onD. adjust to8. Bystanders, ______, ______ as they walked past lines of ambulances.A. bloody and covered with dust, looking dazedB. bloodied and covered with dust, looked dazedC. bloody and covered with dust, looked dazedD. bloodied and covered with dust, looking dazed9. ______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A. To be freeB. To freeC. FreeingD. Freed10. The children prefer camping in the mountains ______ an indoor activity.A. toB. thanC. forD. with11. ______ they think it **e to an end through the hands of God, or a natural disaster or a political event, whatever the reason, nearly 15 percent of people worldwide think the end of the world is coming, according to a new poll.A. EitherB. WhetherC. NeitherD. If12. ______before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive13. The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to ______ or to root out, apart from monarchy.A. discardB. discreetC. discordD. disgorge14. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a ______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion.A. longB. foreverC. lastingD. lively15. ______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.A. Being shown around the campusB. Having shown to the campusC. After been shown around the campusD. Having been shown around the campus16. Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape their problems, ______ bigger ones in cities plagued with crime, drugs, and immorality.A. have only foundB. only findingC. only foundD. only to find17. Glass-fiber cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ______.A. spontaneously B: simultaneously C. immediately D. immiscibly18. "What courses are you going to do next semester?""I don"t know. But it"s about time______on something."A. I"ddecideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I"m deciding19. "What do they eat in Hawaii?" ______ eat rice rather than potatoes."A. Most of peopleB. Most of the peopleC. The most of peopleD. The most people20. Scientists generally hold that language has been so long in use that the length of time writing is known to cover is ______in Comparison.A. overwhelmingB. uninspiringC. astoundingD. triflingPart Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionIt happened in the late fall of 1939 when, after a Nazi submarine had penetrated the British sea defense around the Firth of Forth and damaged a British cruiser, Reston and a colleague contrived to get the news past British censorship. They cabled a series of seemingly harmless sentences to The Times"s editors in New York, having first sent a message instructing the editors to regard only the last word of each sentence. Thus they were able to convey enough words to spell out the story. The fact that the news of the submarine attack was printed in New York before it had appeared in the British press sparked a big controversy that led to an investigation by Scotland Yard and British Military Intelligence. But it took the investigators eight weeks to decipher The Times"s reporters" code, an embarrassingly slow bit of detective work, and when it was finally solved the incident had given the story very prominent play, later expressed dismay that the reporters had risked so much for so little. And the incident left Reston deeply distressed. It was so out of character for him to have. become involved in such a thing. The tactics were questionable and, though the United States was not yet in the war, Britain was already established as America"s close ally and breaking British censorship seemed both an irresponsible and unpatriotic thing to do.1. The episode recounted in the passage took place ______.A. just prior to the outbreak of the Second World WarB. bofore Britain entered the Second World WarC. before the United States entered the Second World WarD. while the United States was in the Second World War2. It was clear that British censorship rules had been broken because the story was ______.A. first published in New YorkB. published nowhere but in The TimesC. uncomplimentary to the BristishD. much fuller in its Times version than elsewhere3. According to the author, the British did little about the story"s publication mainly because ______.A. everyone responsible had apologized for what had happenedB. it took the authorities too long to figure out how the censors had been outwittedC. Scotland Yard and British Military Intelligence disagreed about who was at faultD. they were afraid to admit that the censors had been so easily fooled4. The passage indicates that eventually everyone involved came to regard the publication of the story in The Times as a ______.A. regrettable errorB. cheap journalistic trickC. brilliant journalistic maneuverD. proper exercise of the freedom of the pressBefore a big exam, a sound night"s sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between **peting theories of why sleep is good for the memory. one says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then "edited" at night, to flush away what is superfluous.To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of deep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a **ing on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern--what is referred to as "artificial grammar". Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not.What is more, those with more to learn (i. e. , the "grammar", as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The "editing" theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.5. Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to ______A. how dreams are modified in their coursesB. the difference between sleep and wakefulnessC. why sleep is of great benefit to memoryD. the functions of a good night"s sleep6. As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is characterized by ______A. intensely active brainwave tracesB. subjects" quicker response timesC. complicated memory patternsD. revival of events in the previous day7. By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show ______A. its significance in the studyB. an inherent pattern being learntC. its resemblance to the lightsD. the importance of night"s sleep8. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflectsB. retainsC. rousesD. radiatesin science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization"s every step in search of reality. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modem scientist than to Thales who first speculated on the electrification of amber. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces "really" are. "Electricity," Bertrand Russell says, "is not a thing, like St. Paul"s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell." Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that"s where they belong, and smoke goes up because that"s where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modem science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.9. Bertrand Russell"s notion about electricity is______A. disapproved of by most modern scientistsB. in agreement with Aristotle"s theory of self-evident principlesC. in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "how" things happenD. in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "why" things happen10. The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea that______A. there are self-evident principlesB. there are mysterious forces in the universeC. man cannot discover what forces "really" areD. we can discover why things behave as they do11. The expression "speculated on" (Line 4) means______A. consideredB. suspectedC. expectedD. engaged in buying and sellingThe domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the years as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary andfiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Final]y, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the **ponent of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead--and indeed for the longer run--remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve **petitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three Program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large; however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy"s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.12. The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show ______.A. the continuing expansion of the economyB. the growth of consumer purchasing powerC. the consumers" confidence in the economyD. the soaring consumer incomes for spending13. Paragraph 2 mainly deals with ______.A. economic policy measures suggested by the PresidentB. the causes of business development for the periodC. the stimulative monetary and fiscal policesD. the revival of stronger liquidity positions14. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the author"s attitude toward the reduction of the international payments deficit seems ______.A. bitter-sweetB. pessimisticC. sympatheticD. doubtful15. Part of the public policy task, as outlined in the text, is to ______.A. prevent payments deficitB. devalue the American dollarC. avoid inflationary pressuresD. increase the balance of trade16. It can be learned from the last paragraph that the Phase Three Program contained ______.A. devaluation of the dollarB. productivity measuresC. reduced government spendingD. wage and price controlsPart Ⅲ ClozeThe strangest weather of last year was possibly not on Earth, but on the Sun. Every 11 years 31 the Sun goes through a cycle of sunspots--actually magnetic storms erupting across its surface. The number of sunspots 32 its minimum in 2007 and 33 have increased soon afterwards, but the Sun has remained strangely quiet since then. Scientists have been baffled as weeks and sometimes months have gone by without a single sunspot, in 34 is thought to be the deepest solar minimum for almost 100 years.This 35 of solar activity means that cosmic rays reaching Earth from space have increased and the planet"s ionosphere in the upper atmosphere has sunk in 36 , giving less drag on satellites and making collisions between them and space junk more likely. The solar minimum could also be cooling the climate on Earth because of slightly diminished solar irradiance. In fact, the quiet spell on the Sun may be 37 some of the warming effects of greenhouse gases, accounts for the somewhat flat temperature trend of the past decade. But 38 if this solar minimum is offsetting global warming, scientists stress that the overall effect is relatively slight and certainly will not last.The Sun has gone into long quiet spells before. From 1645 to 1715 few sunspots were seen during a period called the Little Ice Age, when short summers and savage winters often plagued Northern Europe. Scotland was hit particularly 39 as harvests were ruined in cold, miserable summers, which led to famine, death, migration and huge depopulation. But whether the quiet Sun was entirely to blame for it remains highly 40 .1.A. and soB. or soC. on soD. soon2.A. increasedB. gotC. reducedD. reached3.A. shouldB. couldC. wouldD. might4.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how5.A. muchB. lackC. numberD. amount6.A. highB. heightC. altitudeD. space7.A. makingB. causingC. decreasingD. masking8.A. evenB. whatC. in caseD. still9.A. hardB. severeC. harshD. heavy10.A. certainB. unlikelyC. likelyD. uncertainPart Ⅳ Proofreading(66)Prosperous alumni helped make 2006 a recorded fund-raising year for colleges and universities, which hauled in $28 billion-- a 9.4 percent jump from 2005.(67) There were increases across the board, but for usual it was the already wealthy who tared best.(68) Stanford"s $911 million was the most ever collected by a single university, and rose the possibility of a billion-dollar fund-raising year in the not-too-distant future.(69)"There were a set of ideas and a set of initiatives that the university is undertaking that people wanted to invest,"said Martin Shell, Stanford"s vice president for development. (70) "This is an unbelievably generous response from unbelievably philanthropic set of alumni, parents, and friends."(71) Harvard ranked two in fund-raising last year with $595 million.(72) National, donations from alumni rose 18.3 percent from 2005, according to figures released yesterday by the Council for Aid to Education.(73)Alumni donations account about 30 percent of giving to higher education.(74)Giving from other groups, such as corporations and foundations, increased by much small amounts.(75)Survey director Ann Kaplan said the strong economics played a role, but universities also were asking more aggressively as part of formal fund-raising campaigns.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.。
北京大学考博英语-9_真题无答案
北京大学考博英语-9(总分66, 做题时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Vocabulary1.Our visual perception depends on the reception of energy reflecting or radiating from ______ which we wish to perceive.SSS_SINGLE_SELA itB theseC thatD those2."The effect of this medicine ______ by midnight," the doctor told Emma"You had better not try to read tonight."SSS_SINGLE_SELA will wear offB wears offC will have worn offD will be worn off3.Cooked vegetables are also valuable sources of certain vitamins and minerals, if the juice is eaten and if not cooked ______ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA too long a timeB a long time tooC much time longD long much time4."Is George really leaving the university? .... Yes, but would you mind ______ to anyone":"SSS_SINGLE_SELA not to mention itB not mention itC not mentioning itD not to mentioning it5.Hip replacement surgery is______joint replacement surgery in theU.S..SSS_SINGLE_SELA the single most frequentB the most single frequentC the single frequentD a single frequent6.A comet is distinguished from other bodies in the solar system______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA into its appearanceB off its appearanceC by its appearanceD to its appearance7.Can"t you speak more ______ to your parents?SSS_SINGLE_SELA respectablyB respectinglyC respectivelyD respectfully8.The magician picked out several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.SSS_SINGLE_SELA by accidentB on averageC on occasionD at random9.The major obstacle to the reform in New Orleans, ______, is money.SSS_SINGLE_SELA as is it across the countryB as it is across the countryC as it were across the countryD as were it across the country10.The scheme was so impracticable that I refused even ______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA to consider supporting itB considering to support itC to considering to support itD considering supporting it11.Packed like sardines into sweaty, claustrophobic subway carriages, passengers can barely breathe, ______ move about freely.SSS_SINGLE_SELA as well asB disregard forC let aloneD not mentioning12.The destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City ______ shock and anger not only throughout America but also throughout the whole world.SSS_SINGLE_SELA envelopedB summonedC temptedD provoked13.Some readers, especially children, find his works among themost______books they have ever read.SSS_SINGLE_SELA captivatingB captivatedC capturableD captious14.The room is so ______ with furniture that it is hard to move about.SSS_SINGLE_SELA muddledB clutteredC distributedD scattered15.Hong Kong was not a target for terror attacks, the Government insisted yesterday, as the US ______ closed for an apparent security review.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ConsultationB ConstitutionC ConsulateD Consular16."They said what we always knew," said an administration source,______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA he asked not to be namedB who asked not to be namedC who asked not be namedD who asked not named17.Remember to ask for a______ of quality for the consumer goods; otherwise they will not of- fer any maintenance.SSS_SINGLE_SELA certificateB markC warrantyD receipt18.The patient is not in good condition, so do not ______ your visit.SSS_SINGLE_SELA lengthenB delayC extendD prolong19.Australia is struggling to cope with the consequences of a devastating drought. As the world warms up, other countries should pay______SSS_SINGLE_SELA heelB healC heedD head20.The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now ______ for it.SSS_SINGLE_SELA none the worseB none the betterC never worseD never betterPart Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionThe early retirement of experienced workers is seriously harming the US economy, according to a new report from the Hudson Institute, a public policy research organization. Currently, many older experienced workers retire at an early age. According to the recently issued statistics, 79 percent of qualified workers begin collecting retirement benefits at age 62; if that trend continues, there will be a labor shortage that will hinder the economic growth in the twenty-first century.Older Americans constitute an increasing proportion of the population, according to the US Census Bureau, and the population of those over age 65 will grow by 60% between 2001 and 2020. During the same period, the group aged 18 to 44 will increase by only 4%. Keeping older skilled workers employed, even part time, would increase US economic output and strengthen the tax base; but without significant policy reforms, massive early retirement among baby boomers seems more likely.Retirement at age 62 is an economically rational decision today. Social Security and Medicaid earnings limits and tax penalties subject our most experienced workers to marginal tax rates as high as 67%. Social Security formulas encourage early retirement. Although incomes usually rise with additional years of work, any pay increases after the 35-year mark result in higher social Security taxes but only small increases in benefits.Hudson Institute researchers believe that federal tax and benefit policies are at fault and reforms are urgently needed, but they disagree with the popular proposal that much older Americans will have to work because Social Security will not support them and that baby boomers are not saving enough for retirement. According to the increase in 401 (k) and Keogh retirement plans, the ongoing stock market on Wall Street, and the likelihood of large inheritances,there is evidence that baby boomers will reach age 65 with greater financial assets than previous generations.The Hudson institute advocates reforming government policies that now discourage work and savings, especially for older worker. Among the report"s recommendations: Tax half of all Social Security benefits. regardless of other income; provide 8% larger benefits for each year beyond 65; and permit workers nearing retirement to **pensation packages that may include a lower salary but with greater healthcare benefits. However, it may take real and fruitful planning to find the right solution to the early retirement of older experienced workers; any measures taken must be allowed to prolong the serviceability of older experienced workers.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.According to Hudson Institute researchers, the effect of the early retirement of qualified workers in the U. S. economy is ______A constructiveB significantC inconclusiveD detrimentalSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.The older experienced workers in America tend to retire early because their prolonged service may ______A do harm to younger generationsB end up with few or no benefitsC give play to their potentialsD shed light on social trendsSSS_SINGLE_SEL3.The second paragraph is written chiefly to show that ______A there will be an acute labor shortage in the near futureB baby-boomers contribute much to the US economic outputC government policies concerning older people are out-datedD alder workers are enthusiastic about collecting socialbenefitsParkinson"s disease, first described in the early 1800s by British physician James Parkinson as "shaking palsy", is among the most prevalent neurological disorders. According to the United Nations, at least four million people worldwide have it; in North America,estimates run from 500,000 to one million, with about 50,000 diagnosed every year. These figures are expected to double by 2040 as the world"s elderly population grows; indeed, Parkinson"s and other neurodegenerative **mon in the elderly (such as Alzheimer"s and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) are on their way to overtaking cancer as a leading cause of death. But the disease is not entirely one of the aged: 50 percent of patients acquire it after age 60; the other half are affected before then. Furthermore, better diagnosis has made experts increasingly aware that the disorder can attack those younger than 40.So far researchers and clinicians have found no way to slow, stop or prevent Parkinson"s. Although treatments do exist-including drugs and deep-brain stimulation-these therapies alleviate symptoms, not causes. In recent years, however, several promising developments have occurred. In particular, investigators who study the role proteins play have linked miscreant proteins to genetic underpinnings of the disease. Such findings are feeding optimism that fresh angles of attack can be identified.As its 19th-century name suggests--and as many people know from the educational efforts of prominent Parkinson"s sufferers such as Janet Reno, Muhammad Ali and Michael J. Fox--the disease is characterized by movement disorders. Tremor in the hands, arms and elsewhere, limb rigidity, slowness of movement, and impaired balance and coordination are among the disease"s hallmarks. In addition, some patients have trouble walking, talking, sleeping, urinating and performing sexually.These impairments result from neurons dying. Although the victimcells are many and found throughout the brain, those producing the neurotransmitter dopamine in a region called the substantia nigra are particularly hard-hit. These dopaminergic nerve cells are **ponents of the basal ganglia, a complex circuit deep within the brain that fine-tunes and co-ordinates movement. Initially the brain canfunction normally as it loses dopaminergic neurons in the supstantia nigra, even though it cannot replace the dead cells. But when half or more of these specialized cells disappear, the brain can no longer cover for them. The deficit then produces the same effect that losing air traffic control does at a major airport. Delays, false starts, cancellations and, ultimately, chaos pervade as parts of the brain involved in motor control--the thalamus, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex--no longer function as an integrated and orchestrated unit.SSS_SINGLE_SEL4.Which of the following statements about Parkinson"s disease can be best supported by the passage?A Parkinson"s disease will become one of the leading causes of death for the old peopleB Parkinson"s disease is not entirely one of the aged, as halfof the patients are young peopleC Parkinson"s disease first appeared in the 19th centuryD Parkinson"s disease is a neurological disorder, but not yet a neurodegenerative illnessSSS_SINGLE_SEL5.The author of the passage suggests that the developments in the study of Parkinson"s disease can help______A prevent Parkinson"sB alleviate the causes of Parkinson"sC find new avenues for treatment of Parkinson"sD cure Parkinson"sSSS_SINGLE_SEL6.According to the passage, what causes Parkinson"s disease?A The dopaminergic nerve cells are impaired by the victim cellsB The dopaminergic nerve cells can no longer co-ordinate movementC There are tumors in the brainD There are not enough dopaminergic neurons in the brainSSS_SINGLE_SEL7.Janet Reno and Michael J. Fox are mentioned in the passagebecause______A they were experts on Parkinson"s diseaseB they made great efforts to fight Parkinson"s diseaseC they succeeded in fighting Parkinson"s diseaseD they were well-known sufferers of Parkinson"s diseaseSSS_SINGLE_SEL8.The primary purpose of this passage is to______A analyze what causes Parkinson"s diseaseB demonstrate how to prevent Parkinson"s diseaseC warn the young people of the danger of Parkinson"s diseaseD present new movements in the study of Parkinson"s diseaseMost scholars agree that Isaac Newton, while formulating the laws of force and gravity and inventing the calculus in the late 1600s, probably knew all the science there was to know at the time. In the ensuing 350 years an estimated 50 million research papers and innumerable books have been published in the natural sciences and mathematics. The modern high school student probably now possesses more scientific knowledge than Newton did, yet science to many people seems to be an impenetrable mountain of facts.One way scientists have tried to cope with this mountain is by becoming more and more specialized. Another strategy for coping with the mountain of information is to largely ignore it. That shouldn"t come as a surprise. Sure, you have to know a lot to he a scientist, but knowing a lot is not what makes a scientist. What makes a scientist is ignorance. This may sound ridiculous, but for scientists the facts are just a starting place. In science, every new discovery raises 10 new questions.By this calculus, ignorance will always grow faster than knowledge. Scientists and laypeople alike would agree that for all we **e to know, there is far more we don"t know. More important, every day there is far more we know we don"t know. One crucial outcome of scientific knowledge is to generate new and better ways of being ignorant: not the kind of ignorance that is associated with a lack of curiosity or education but rather a cultivated, high-quality ignorance. This gets to the essence of what scientists do: they make distinctions between qualities of ignorance. They do it in grant proposals and over beers at meetings. As James Clerk Maxwell, probably the greatest physicist between Newton and Einstein, said, "Thoroughly conscious ignorance...is a prelude to every real advance in knowledge. "This perspective on science—that it is about the questions more than the answers— **e as something of a relief. It makes science less threatening and far more friendly and, in fact, fun. Science becomes a series of elegant puzzles and puzzles within puzzles— and who doesn"t like puzzles? Questions are also more accessible and often more interesting than answers; answers tend to be the end of the process, whereas questions have you in the thick of things.Lately this side of science has taken a backseat in the public mind to what I call the accumulation view of science—that it is a pile of facts way too big for us to ever hope to conquer. But if scientists would talk about the questions, and if the media reported not only on new discoveries but the questions they answered and the new puzzles they created, and if educators stopped trafficking in facts that are already available on Wikipedia—then we might find a public onceagain engaged in this great adventure that has been going on for the past 15 generations.SSS_SINGLE_SEL9.Which of the following would most scholars agree to about Newton and science?A Newton was the only person who knew all the science in the 1600sB Newton"s laws of force and gravity dominated science for 350 yearsC Since Newton"s time, science has developed into a mountain of factsD A high school student probably knows more science than Newton didSSS_SINGLE_SEL10.Which of the following is best supported in this passage?A A scientist is a master of knowledgeB Knowledge generates better ignoranceC Ignorance is a sign of lack of educationD Good scientists are thoroughly ignorantSSS_SINGLE_SEL11.Why is it a relief that science is about the questions more than the answers?A Because people like solving puzzlesB Because questions make science accessibleC Because there are more questions than answersD Because questions point the way to deep answersSSS_SINGLE_SEL12.The expression "take a backseat" (line 1, paragraph 5) probably meansA take a back placeB have a different roleC be of greater priorityD become less importantSSS_SINGLE_SEL13.What is the author"s greatest concern in the passage?A The involvement of the public in scienceB Scientists" enjoyment of ignoranceC The accumulation of scientific knowledgeD Newton"s standing in the history of scienceWhy does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of science, andits cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constantly increased as the demands upon it rise. The goal of basic research is understanding, for its own sake. Understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell, the explosion of a spiral nebula or the distribution of cosmic dust, the causes of earthquakes and droughts, or of man as a behaving creature and of the social forces that are created whenever two or more human **e into contact with one another--the scope is staggering, but**mitment to truth is the same. If **mitment were to a particular result, conflicting evidence might be overlooked or, with the best will in the world, simply not appreciated. Moreover, the practical applications of basic research frequently cannot be anticipated. When Roentgen, the physicist, discovered X-rays, he had no idea of their usefulness to medicine.Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied research in any country always far exceed those for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds devoted to research by industry--which is naturally far more concerned with applied aspects because these increaseprofits quickly--the funds the U.S. Government allots to basic research currently amount to about 7 percent of its overall research and development funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research invariably tends to drive out basic. Then, as Dr. Waterman has pointed out, "Developments will inevitably be undertaken prematurely, career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making major scientific discoveries will be lost. Unfortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon pure science tend to degrade the quality of the nation"s technology in the long run, rather than to improve it."SSS_SINGLE_SEL14.The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is______.A Roentgen"s Ignorance of X-raysB The Attractiveness of Applied ResearchC The Importance of Basic ResearchD Basic Research vsSSS_SINGLE_SEL15.Industry is primarily interested in applied research because it______.A provides better understandingB is frowned upon by the FoundationC offers immediate profitD drives out basic researchSSS_SINGLE_SEL16.Basic research is vital because ______.A it leads to results that can be appreciatedB it is driven out by applied researchC it provides the basis for scientific progressD its results cannot be anticipatedSSS_SINGLE_SEL17.The federal government ______.A encourages basic researchB devotes more than 90% of its research and development funds to applied researchC spends far more on applied research than on military problemsD opposes the Foundation"s grants to basic researchPart Ⅲ ClozeSeventeen-year-old Quantae Williams doesn"t understand why the U. S. Supreme Court struck down his school district"s racial diversity program. He now 1 the prospect of leaving his mixed-race high school in suburban Louisville and 2 to the poor black downtown schools where he 3 in fights. "I"m doing 4 in town. They should just leave it the 5 it is," said Williams, using a fond nickname for suburban Jeffersontown High School, 6 he"s bused every day from his downtown neighborhood. "Everything is 7 , we get along well. If I go where all my friends go, I"ll start getting in trouble again," Williams said as he took a 8 from his summer job 9 clothing 10 for poor families. Last month"s 5-4 ruling by the Supreme Court struck down programsthat were started voluntarily in Louisville and Seattle. The court"s decision has left schools 11 the country 12 to find a way to protect13 in their classrooms. Critics have called the decision the biggest14 to the ideals of the 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education 15 , which outlawed racial segregation in U. S. public schools. With students already 16 to schools for the 17 year that begins in September, 18 will be immediately affected by the Supreme Court decision. In Jefferson County, officials said it could be two years 19 a new plan is 20 place, leaving most students in their current schools.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.A aspires toB dreadsC is hostile toD disdainsSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.A maintainingB transmittingC reimbursingD returningSSS_SINGLE_SEL3.A used to getB is used to getC is used to gettingD use to getSSS_SINGLE_SEL4.A wellB betterC goodD bestSSS_SINGLE_SEL5.A methodB wayC procedureD mannerSSS_SINGLE_SEL6.A whereB to whereC for whichD whichSSS_SINGLE_SEL 7.A linkedB segregatedC equalD mixedSSS_SINGLE_SEL 8.A restB breakC resurgenceD recreationSSS_SINGLE_SEL 9.A pickingB sortingC selectingD separatingSSS_SINGLE_SEL 10.A forfeitB bootyC donationD presentSSS_SINGLE_SEL 11.A overB acrossC amidD alongSSS_SINGLE_SEL 12.A falsifyingB purchasingC scamperingD scramblingSSS_SINGLE_SEL 13.A sanctityB complicationC genuinenessD diversitySSS_SINGLE_SEL 14.A concessionB countenanceC threatD adherenceSSS_SINGLE_SEL 15.A conditionB caseC claimD exampleSSS_SINGLE_SEL 16.A lootedB assignedC proddedD occupiedSSS_SINGLE_SEL 17.A academicB scholarlyC educationalD pedagogicalSSS_SINGLE_SEL 18.A fewB manyC a fewD everyoneSSS_SINGLE_SEL19.A afterB beforeC sinceD becauseSSS_SINGLE_SEL20.A inB onC out ofD intoPart Ⅳ Proofreading(66) Prosperous alumni helped make 2006 a recorded fund-raising year for colleges and universities, which hauled in $28 billion -- a 9.4 percent jump from 2005.(67) There were increases across the board, but for usual it was the already wealthy who tared best. (68) Stanford"s $911 million was the most ever collected by a single university, and rose the possibility of a billion-dollar fund-raising year in the not-too-distant future.(69) "There were a set of ideas and a set of initiatives that the university is undertaking that people wanted to invest," said Martin Shell, Stanford"s vice president for development. (70) "This is an unbelievably generous response from unbelievably philanthropic set of alumni, parents, and friends."(71) Harvard ranked two in fund-raising last year with $595 million.(72) National, donations from alumni rose 18.3 percent from 2005, according to figures released yesterday by the Council for Aid to Education. (73) Alumni donations account about 30 percent of giving to higher education. (74) Giving from other groups, such as corporations and foundations, increased by much small amounts. (75) Survey director Ann Kaplan said the strong economics played a role, but universities also were asking more aggressively as part of formal fund-raising campaigns.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI1.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 2.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 3.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 4.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 5.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 6.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 7.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 8.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 9.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI 10.1。
北京大学考博英语词汇文档
北京大学2015考博英语词汇文档在考博英语的基础复习阶段，词汇的记忆是该阶段的集中复习期。
以下为育明考博频道特别整理的《2015考博英语词汇文档》。
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a art.一(个)；每一(个)；(同类事物中)任一个abandon vt.离弃，丢弃；遗弃，抛弃；放弃abdomen n.腹，下腹(胸部到腿部的部分)abide vi.(abode，abided)(by)遵守；坚持ability n.能力；本领；才能，才干；专门技能，天资able a.有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事，有本事的abnormal a.反常的，不正常的，不规则的aboard ad.&prep.在船(飞机、车)上；ad.上船(飞机)abolish vt.废除(法律、习惯等)；取消abound vi.大量存在；(in，with)充满，富于about ad.在周围；大约prep.关于；在周围 a.准备above a.上述的ad.在上面prep.在..之上，高于abroad ad.到国外，在国外；在传播，在流传abrupt a.突然的，出其不意的；(行为等)粗鲁无礼的absence n.缺乏，不存在；缺席，不在；缺席的时间absent a.缺席的；缺乏的,不存在的;心不在焉的absolute a.绝对的，完全的；确实的，肯定的absorb vt.吸收(水、光、蒸汽等）；使全神贯注abstract a.抽象的n.摘要，梗概vt.提取；摘录要点absurd a.荒谬的，荒诞的，荒唐可笑的；不合理的abundance n.丰富，充裕，大量abundant a.大量(充足)的；(in)丰富(富裕)的abuse vt.滥用；辱骂；诋毁n.滥用；恶习；弊端academic a.学院的，大学的；学术性的；理论的academy n.(高等)专科院校；学术社团，协会，研究院accelerate v.使加速，使增速，促进vi.加快，增加accent n.口音,腔调；重音(符号)vt.重读accept vt.接受，领受；认可，同意vi.同意，认可acceptance n.接受，接收，验收，接纳；承认，认可access n.进入；接入；到达；享用权；入口vi.存取accessory n.附件,附属品;(为全套衣服增加美感的)服饰accident n.意外遭遇,事故；意外(因素)accidental a.偶然的；意外的；无意中的acclaim v.向…欢呼，公认n.欢呼，喝彩，称赞accommodate vt.向…提供住处；对...予以照顾性考虑accommodation n.(accommodations)住宿，留宿；膳宿供应accompany v.陪伴，陪同；伴随，和...一起发生，伴奏accomplish v.实现(计划等)；达到(目的)；完成(任务) accord vt.给予(欢迎、称颂等)vi.&n.符合，一致accordance n.一致，和谐，符合according to prep.据/照…(所说、所写)；按…，视…accordingly ad.相应地，照着办，按照；于是，因此account a.叙述，说明；账目，账户vi.说明，解释accountant n.会计人员，会计师accumulate vt.堆积，积累，积聚vi.累积，聚积accuracy n.准确（性）；精确；准确度accurate a.正确无误的；准确的，精确的accuse vt.控告，指责vi.指控，指责accustomed a.惯常的；习惯的，适应的(一般作表语) ache vi.痛；哀怜n.(指连续)疼痛、酸痛achieve vt.实现，完成；达到，得到vi.达到预期目的acid n.酸,酸性物质a.酸的,酸味的；尖刻的acknowledge vt.承认；接受；告知(信件等的)收到；答谢acquaint vt.(with)使认识，使了解，使熟悉acquaintance n.认识，相识，了解；相识的人，熟人acquire v.获得；学到(知识等)；养成(习惯) acquisition n.取得，学到，养成(习惯)；获得的东西acre n.英亩；田地；地产acrobat n.特技演员，杂技演员across prep.横过，越过；在的对面ad.横过，穿过act v.表演；举动；起作用n.行为，法令；一幕action n.行动，动作；作用；运转；行为；战斗activate vt.启动，激活；驱动，驱使；使开始起作用active adj.活跃的，敏捷的，积极的；在活动中的activity n.活动；活力；能动性；actor n.男演员；演员，行动者actress n.女演员actual a.实际的；现实的，真实的，目前的acute a.剧烈的；敏锐的；成锐角的；尖的，高音的adapt vt.使适应，使适合；改编；改写vi.适应add vt.加；增加(进)；进一步说/写vi.(to)增添addict v.使沉溺；使上瘾n.沉溺于不良嗜好的人addition n.加，加法；附加部分，增加(物)additional a.额外的，附加的，另外的address n.住址；致词v.向...致词；在信封上写姓名adequate adj.充足的，足够的；适当的，胜任的adhere vi.(to)粘着；坚持，遵守；依附，追随adjacent a.(to)(时间上)紧接着的；邻近的，毗邻的adjective n.形容词 a.形容词的，用作形容词的adjoin v.临近，靠近；贴近，毗连本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．This book will show the readers_____can be used in other contexts.A．how that they have observedB．how what they have observedC．that how they have observedD．that they have observed正确答案：B解析：how what they have observed can be used in other contexts“如何将他们所观察到的应用于其它情况”，what they have observed作宾语从句的主语，how 引出宾语从句，其它三个答案不合句型。
2．Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it_____in Cuba.A．being cultivatedB．been cultivatedC．having cultivatedD．cultivating正确答案：A解析：find后面可以跟现在分词或过去分词的复合结构。
本题中的found it being cultivated是跟现在分词的被动态。
3．One of the requirements for a fire is that the material_____to its burning temperature.A．heatedB．be heatedC．to be heatedD．being heated正确答案：B解析：本题测试虚拟语气。
北京大学考博英语必备词汇知识点
北京大学考博英语必备词汇知识点历年考博英语知识的运用的考查点都离不开词汇、语法和结构的运用，对于考博英语词汇后缀词也是要求同学们着重记忆的，下面育明考博张老师整理汇总了各种情况下常用的词汇后缀词，希望方便同学们更好的复习。
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一.具有抽象名词的含义1)-acy,表示性质，状态，境遇accuracy,diplomacy2)-age,表示状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称courage,storage,marriage3)-al,表示事物的动作，过程refusal,arrival,survival,denial,approvalb)表示具体的事物manual,signal,editorial,journal4)-ance,-ence表示性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度endurance,importance,diligence,difference,obedience5)-ancy,-ency,表示性质，状态，行为，过程frequency,urgency,efficiency,6)-bility,表示动作，性质，状态possibility,feasibility,7)-craft,表示工艺，技巧woodcraft,handicraft,statecraft(治国策)8)-cracy,表示统治，支配bureaucracy,democracy9)-cy,表示性质，状态，职位，级别bankruptcy(破产)，supremacy10)-dom,表示等级，领域，状态freedom,kingdom,wisdom11)-ery,-ry,表示行为，状态，习性bravery,bribery,rivalry2.具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an,-ian,表示……地方的人，精通……的人American,historian2)-al,表示具有……职务的人principal3)-ant,-ent,表示……者merchant,agent,servant,student4)-ar,表示……的人scholar,liar,peddler5)-ard,-art,表示做……的人coward,laggard(落伍者)，braggart(夸张者) 6)-arian,表示……派别的人，……主义的人humanitarian,vegetarian7)-ary,表示从事……的人secretary,missionary8)-ant,表示具有……职责的人candidate,graduate9)-ator,表示做……的人educator,speculator(投机者)10)-crat,表示某种政体，主义的支持者democrat,bureaucrat11)-ee,表示动作承受者employee,examinee12)-eer,表示从事于……人engineer,volunteer13)-er,表示从事某种职业的人，某地区，地方的人banker,observer,Londoner,villager14)-ese,表示……国人，………地方的人Japanese,Cantonese15)-ess,表示阴性人称名词actress,hostess,manageress16)-eur,表示……家amateur,litterateur17)-ian,表示……地方人，信仰……教的人，从事……职业的人Christian,physician(内科医生)，musician18)-ician,表示精通者，……家electrician,magician,technician19)-icist,表示……家，……者，……能手physicist,phoneticist,technicist20)-ic,表示……者，……师mechanic,critic21)-ie,表示爱，指小dearie,auntie,lassie(小姑娘)22)-ier,表示从事……职业cavalier,clothier,brazier(黄铜匠)23)-ine,ina,表示阴性人称heroine,ballerina24)-ist,表示从事……研究者，信仰……主义者pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist 25)-ive,表示动作者，行为者native,captive26)-logist,表示……学家，研究者biologist,geologist(地质学家)27)-or,表示……者author,doctor,operator,28)-ster,表示做……事情的人youngster,gamester(赌徒)，songster29)-yer,表示从事……职业者lawyer12)-ety,表示性质，状态variety,dubiety(怀疑)13)-faction,-facture,表示作成，……化，作用satisfaction,manufacture14)-hood,表示资格，身份，年纪，状态childhood,manhood,falsehood15)-ice,表示行为，性质，状态notice,justice,service16)-ine,表示带有抽象概念medicine,discipline,famine17)-ing,表示动作的过程，结果building,writing,learning18)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示行为的过程，结果，状况action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression, correction19)-ise,表示性质，状态exercise,merchandise(商业)20)-ism,表示制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism21)-ity,表示性质，状态，程度purity,reality,ability,calamity22)-ment,表示行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument23)-mony,表示动作的结果，状态ceremony,testimony24)-ness,表示性质，状态，程度goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness25)-or,-our,表示动作，性质，状态favor,error26)-osity,表示动作，状态curiosity27)-ship,表示情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业hardship,membership,friendship28)-th,表示动作，性质，过程，状态depth,wealth,truth,length,growth29)-tude,表示性质，状态，程度latitude,altitude(海拔)30)-ure,表示行为，结果exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续) 31)-y,表示行为的结果，状态，性质glory,history,victory,inquiry3.带有场所、地方的含义1)-age,表示住所，地点village,cottage2)-ary,表示住所，场地library,granary(谷仓)3)-ery,ry,表示工作场所，饲养所，地点laundry,nursery,surgery(手术室)4)-ory,表示工作场所，住处factory,dormitory,laboratory,observatory4.带有学术，科技含义1)-grapy,表示……学，写法biography,calligraphy,geography2)-ic,ics,表示……学……法logic,mechanics,optics,electronics3)-ology,表示……学……论biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)4)-nomy,表示……学……术astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)5)-ery,表示学科，技术chemistry,cookery,machinery6)-y,表示……学，术，法photography,philosophy5.表示人和事物的总和，集合含义1)-age,baggage,tonnage2)-dom,newspaperdom(新闻界)3)-hood,neighbourhood,womanhood4)-ery,cavalry,ministry(内阁)5)-ure,legislature,judicature6.表示物品和物质名称的含义1)-ant,ent,solvent,constant2)-al,signal,pictorial(画报)3)ar,collar,pillar(石柱)4)-er,boiler,computer,washer,cooker5)-ery,drapery(绸缎)6)-ing,clothing,matting,7)-ment,instrument,equipment,attachment7.表示细小的含义1)-cle,particle,2)-cule,molecule(分子)3)-el,parcel4)-en,chicken,maiden5)-et,pocket,ticket6)-etta,-ette,etto,cigarette,essayette(短文)7)-kin,napkin8)-ling,duckling,9)-let,booklet10)-y,baby,doggy二、形容词后缀1.带有属性，倾向，相关的含义1)-able,-ible,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible, responsible2)-al,natural,additional,educational3)-an,ane,urban,suburban,republican4)-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent5)-ar,similar,popular,regular6)-ary,military,voluntary7)-ice,-atie,ical,politic,systematic,historic,physical,8)-ine,masculine,feminine,marine9)-ing,moving,touching,daring10)-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish11)-ive,active,impressive,decisive12)-ory,satisfactory,compulsory13)-il,-ile,-eel,fragile,genteel(文雅的)2.表示相象，类似的含义1)-ish,boyish,childish2)-esque,picturesque3)-like,manlike,childlike4)-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly5)-some,troublesome,handsome6)-y,milky,pasty3.表示充分的含义1)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful2)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various3)-ent,violent,4.表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义1)-en,wooden,golden,woolen2)-ous,gaseous3)-fic,scientific5.表示方向的含义1)-ern,eastern,western2)-ward,downward,forward6.表示倍数的含义1)-ble,double,treble2)ple,triple3)-fold,twofold,tenfold7.表示数量关系的含义1)-teen,thirteen2)-ty,fifty3)-th,fourth,fiftieth8.表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义1)-an,Roman,European2)-ese,Chinese,3)-ish,English,Spanish9.表示比较程度的含义1)-er,greater2)-ish,reddish,yellowish3)-est,highest4)-most,foremost,topmost10.其他的含义-less,表示否定countless,stainless,wireless三、动词后缀1.-ize,ise,表示做成，变成，……化modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2.-en,表示使成为，引起，使有quicken,weaken,soften,harden3.-fy,表示使……化，使成beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify中国考博辅导首选学校4.-ish,表示使，令finish,abolish,diminish,establish5.-ate,表示成为……,处理，作用separate,operate,indicate四、副词后缀1.-ly,possibly,swiftly,simply2.-ward,-wards,downward,inwards,upward3.-ways,always,sideways4.-wise,otherwise,clockwise本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Food is to the blood____reading is to the mind.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．so正确答案：C解析：本题考查的句型是：A is to B what X is to Y=A is to B just as X is to Y “A对于B正如X对于Y—样”。
2．____rich or poor, I will marry him all the same.A．Were heB．Be heC．May he beD．No matter he is正确答案：B解析：be he rich or poor“不论他家财万贯还是清贫如洗”，这是带有古风的让步状语从句，实际上是“Lethim be rich or poor”的省略句形式，省略let，把，宾格him变为主格，be动词提到句首。
3．He had more dictionaries than_____for his work.A．they are neededB．it was neededC．were necessaryD．necessary were they正确答案：C解析：than后的从句主语若是主句中提到的名词，谓语是动词be时，可以省略从句的主语，有时be也略而不用。
此句实际上是省略了主语they(the dictionaries)。
4．____yelling at me like this’? It’s you who are to blame for this affair.A．Where is the point ofB．What is the point forC．Where is the point as toD．What is the point of正确答案：D解析：What is the point of yelling at me?“冲着我嚷嚷有什么用?”(注意：What is the point of后面要求跟-ing形式。
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北京大学考博英语练习题词汇专题
1.In that country,guests tend to feel they are not highly if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.
(A)admired
(B)regarded
(C)expected
(D)worshipped
2.A of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.
(A)shorthand
(B)scheme
(C)schedule
(D)sketch
3.A man has to make______for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.
(A)supply
(B)assurance
(C)provision
(D)adjustment
4.The newly-built Science Building seems_______enough to last
a hundred years.
(A)spacious
(B)sophisticated
(C)substantial
(D)steady
5.It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _________free medical care.
(A)entitled to
(B)involved in
(C)associated with
(D)assigned to
6.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at______.
(A)danger
(B)stake
(C)loss
(D)threat
7.I felt_________to death because I could make nothing of the chairman’s speech.
(A)fatigued
(B)tired
(C)exhausted
(D)bored
8.When the engine would not start,the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at_____.
(A)wrong
(B)trouble
(C)fault
(D)difficulty
9.Your advice would be______valuable to him,who is at present at his wit’s end.
exceedingly
(B)excessively
(C)extensively
(D)exclusively
10.He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to______the consequences.
(A)answer for
(B)runsintos
(C)abide by
(D)stepsintos
11.The river is already_______its banks because of excessive rainfall;and the city is threatened with a likely flood.
(A)parallel to
(B)level in
(C)flat on
(D)flush with
12.People_______that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today.
(A)convinced
(B)anticipated
(C)resolved
(D)assured
13.In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or_______for language learning purposes,there is yet no comprehensive systematic programme for the reading skills.
(A)adapted
(B)acknowledged
(C)assembled
(D)appointed
14.The mother said she would________her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.
(A)let down
(B)let alone
(C)let off
(D)let out
15.We should always keep in mind that_______decisions often lead to bitter regrets.
(A)urgent
(B)hasty
(C)instant
(D)prompt
16.John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages_______in the dictionary.
(A)missing
(B)losing
(C)dropping
(D)leaking
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。