初中英语音标教学

英语单词发音规则开闭音节的概念开音节1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。

例：be，he。

2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。

例：make，like。

* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。

闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，称为闭音节。

例：map，desk，is。

* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black backe 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes eggi 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swimo 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop socku 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a [E]E China another woman breakfast[i] orange comrade village cabbagee [E] hundred student open weekend[i] chicken pocket begin childreni [E]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal[ai] exercise sat elliteo [E] second tonight somebody welcome[Eu] also zero photou [E] autumn difficult[ju:] popular congratulation January动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作[i]音。

三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读音例词a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light higho在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old coldo在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词arar在[w]音后面[α:] car farm dark sharpener[C:] warm quarter towardsoror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short[E:] word worker worseer ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。

例如： carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Sat urday五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词are [εE] care dare hareere [iE] here mereire [aiE] fire hire wireure [juE] pure cureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。

例如：parent zero story during inspirng某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。

例如：orange very American paragraph六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day playair [εE] air hair chair pair repairalal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all[C:l] always also salt almost[α:] half calmau/aw [C:] autumn daughter drawea [i:] teach easy cheap please[e] heavy bread sweater weather[ei] break gre atear [iE] hear dear near clear year[εE] bear pear wear swear[E:] earth learn earlyee [i:] jeep week green threeeer [iE] pioneer deer beerei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they[i:] either keyeu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper[u:] flew brew jewelryie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receiveoa [ou] coat Joan boat goaloar/oor [C:] roar board door flooroi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toiletoo [u:] broom food tooth school[u] book look cook foot goodou/ow [au] flower house count down[ou] know row throw though[∧] young country enough[u:] group you soupour [C:] course your four[auE] our hour ours[E:] journeyui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读音例词ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkeyow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i]。

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion-sten [sn] listen-stle [sl] whistle-sure [VE] pleasure measure-ture [tFE] picture culture八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。

例如：everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。

其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。

例如：sun太阳 + day[ei]日子＞ Sunday[i] 星期天holy神圣 + day[ei]日子＞ holiday[i] 假日break中断+ fast[α:]斋戒＞ breakfast[E] 早餐cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜九、辅字组的读音辅字组读音例词b [b] bike bus bag[/] bomb tombc c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music[s] face decide cinemach [tF] much chick rich teacher[k] school headache chemistry[F] machine-ck [k] cock pocket black knockd [d] doctor bread hand day-dge [dV] bridge fridgedr- [dr] children driver drink f[f] five four breakfastg g在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go[dV] orange large Germangh [f] cough enough[/] light daughter highgu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue[^w] language anguishh [h] hot head house hand[/] hour honestj [dV] jeep jar joke join Julyk [k] kind bike skate make weekkn- [n] knife know knockl [l] life milk school tallm [m] monkey come autumn-mn [m] autumn column solemnn n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note[N] uncle thank hungry-ng [N] morning young wrongp [p] paper plane pig ship penph [f] elephant photo telephoneq [k] Iraqqu- [kw] quality quiter [r] red rubber rulers在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husbandsc- [sk] scarlet[s] muscle sciencesh [F] she fish shirt washt 在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet [F] patient nationtch [tF] watchth在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中[θ] thin thirty method[T] the these with than[T] clothe fathe r weathertr- [tr] tree train country truckv [v] very voice love leavew [w] week win wake sweet wait[/] Answer twowh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why[h] who whose wholex在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise[gz] example exist exactwr- [r] writey [j] yes yard yellow youngz[z] puzzle zero zoo单词划分规律口诀辅音原音为一组，没有元音辅单独。