必修5 unit1 过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)
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人教版 高中英语 必修5 unit1 知识讲解 过去分词作表语和定语
人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。
那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。
必修5_unit1_过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)
A. having written
B. to be written
C. written
D. being written
was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
depressing ~ depressed
Fill in the blank with proper words.
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told. B. The story he told was very interesting .
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing,
( interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed.
( excited, exciting ) 3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.
B. to be written
C. written
D. being written
was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
depressing ~ depressed
Fill in the blank with proper words.
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told. B. The story he told was very interesting .
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing,
( interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed.
( excited, exciting ) 3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.
英语必修五unit1语法
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to
pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。 此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get
burnt, get hurt , get wounded.
• What he has done is really __C__.Now his parents are _____ him.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别
• V-ing 形式表示“令人……的” • V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
2. 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则 应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当 于一个定语从句。
Do you know the boy playing basketball? （=who is playing basketball) 你ciple as attribute & predicative
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。 ②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。 ③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
区别 2
Falling leaves Fallen leaves
区别 2
1. Falling leaves 2. Fallen leaves 3. Disappointing news 4. Disappointed people 5. Exciting story 6. Excited people 7. Tired people/ I’m tired 8. Tiring film
ago． 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。 此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get
burnt, get hurt , get wounded.
• What he has done is really __C__.Now his parents are _____ him.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别
• V-ing 形式表示“令人……的” • V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
2. 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则 应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当 于一个定语从句。
Do you know the boy playing basketball? （=who is playing basketball) 你ciple as attribute & predicative
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。 ②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。 ③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
区别 2
Falling leaves Fallen leaves
区别 2
1. Falling leaves 2. Fallen leaves 3. Disappointing news 4. Disappointed people 5. Exciting story 6. Excited people 7. Tired people/ I’m tired 8. Tiring film
ago． 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
必修五Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去分词作定语和表语
[即时演练 5] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(福建高考改编)In April, thousands of holidaymakers
stuck (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. remained ______
②(四川高考改编) Ladies and gentlemen, please remain
[即时演练 3]
完成句子
①(陕西高考改编)刚才警察询问的目击者对这次打架给出了完 全不同的描述。
questioned by the police just now gave very The witnesses ________________________
different descriptions of the fight. ②(山东高考改编)除了一个书橱在墙角外，房间里空空荡荡。
This is the question discussed yesterday. 这是昨天讨论的问题。(表被动和完成) (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只 强调动作完成。 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳
a retired teacher 一位退休教师
South Africa.
to be finished (finish) next year is sponsored ③The project ______________
(赞助) by his company.
to be completed (complete) ④(四川高考改编)The airport ________________
standing in one The room is empty except for a bookshelf __________________
人教版必修五B5U1 过去分词作定语表语 共14张PPT
• terrified /astonished people 表(人)感到, 觉得…的
2. 后置定语: 过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放 在被修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。
• This is a book written by Miss Yang. = This is a book which was written by Miss Yang. • They were the guests invited to my party. = They were the guests who had been invited to my party.
Task2. 归纳过去分词用法 。
一、过去分词作定语
前置定语 两种情况
后置定语
1. 前置定语: 单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放 在被修饰的名词之前。
注意以下几点:
一些表示情绪/情感的过去分词作定语时不具 被动色彩。
及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示 被动 和完成。
不及物动词的过去分词作定语时仅表示完 成, 而不表示被动意义。
(将被…)
二、过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词常位于be, get, become, remain, seem, look 等系动词之后作表语, 表示主语的 状态或思想感情 等, 此时相当于一个形容词。
• When we heard of the story, we were deeply moved. • He looked worried after reading the letter. • The cup is broken.
2. 过去分词做表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语, 主要是表示主语的状态. 被动语态的过去分词强调动作, 被动意味很强, 句子主语为动作的承受者, 后面常跟by短语。
2. 后置定语: 过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放 在被修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。
• This is a book written by Miss Yang. = This is a book which was written by Miss Yang. • They were the guests invited to my party. = They were the guests who had been invited to my party.
Task2. 归纳过去分词用法 。
一、过去分词作定语
前置定语 两种情况
后置定语
1. 前置定语: 单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放 在被修饰的名词之前。
注意以下几点:
一些表示情绪/情感的过去分词作定语时不具 被动色彩。
及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示 被动 和完成。
不及物动词的过去分词作定语时仅表示完 成, 而不表示被动意义。
(将被…)
二、过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词常位于be, get, become, remain, seem, look 等系动词之后作表语, 表示主语的 状态或思想感情 等, 此时相当于一个形容词。
• When we heard of the story, we were deeply moved. • He looked worried after reading the letter. • The cup is broken.
2. 过去分词做表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语, 主要是表示主语的状态. 被动语态的过去分词强调动作, 被动意味很强, 句子主语为动作的承受者, 后面常跟by短语。
人教版高中英语高一必修5 Unit1 Great(过去分词做定语和表语)
过去分词真容易，动词后面加ed,
D 1. 部分动词不规则，我们需要特殊记。
I
它的作用真不小，今天学习定和表。
S C O
单个分词作定语，名词之前很好找。 2. 分词短语名词后，记住这点错不了。
V E
3.情现感在动 分词词两是令分人词…，过意去思分不词同表要感记到牢…。。
R
Y 4. 选择过去分词的基本原则是什么？
D 1. 部分动词不规则，我们需要特殊记。
I
它的作用真不小，今天学习定和表。
S
C 2. 过去分词作定语应放在名词的什么
O
位置呢？பைடு நூலகம்
V
E
R
Y
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To my birthday
Lighted candles, smiling faces, I made a wish buried in my heart for years. I wish I could heal the wounded earth. No polluted water, no grey sky, No disaster caused by wars, No place struck by earthquakes, No people tortured(折磨) by hunger.
3. excite We are all _e_x_c_it_e_d_ at the _e_x_c_i_ti_n_g_ news.
11 of 38
情感类动词 过去分词
现在分词
interest interested inspire inspired
interesting inspiring
amaze bore surprise
人教版高中英语必修五：Unit 1 Great scientists 语法归纳 过去分词作表语和定语
§语法归纳过去分词作表语和定语1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义（或已完成的被动动作）；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。
an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)The question discussed was very important.被讨论的问题非常重要。
(即表被动又表完成)boiled water开水(完成)fallen leaves落叶(完成)(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。
My friend is a returned student.我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
The excited people rushed into the hall.激动的人们冲进大厅。
There is no time left.没有多少时间了。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
Is there anything planned for tonight?＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?今晚安排了什么活动没有？The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.＝The book, which was written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。
2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态（用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化）。
过去分词 语法 高中英语必修五 unit1Great scientistsGrammar课件 新人教版必修5
4. The first text books ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16 th century .( NMET ‘04)
A. Having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
letter. 3.When we heard of this, we were
deeply moved .
4. 过去分词作表语
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表 示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容 词。
2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主 语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by 短语。
“人被引起某种感觉”，多用来形容 人、人的声音或者表 情。而其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉 ”
“系动词+过去分词（系表结构）
区别
The library is closed. 状态（系表结构）
The过l去ib分ra词ry作i表s 语cl，osed
通常表示主语的
by
the
teacher.
动作(被动语态）
Beijing was successful.
What's th教e d育ifference？
现在 过去 分词 分词
The water is boiling. 时间
She's drinking boiled water.
语态
The dog is barking.
The injured dog is sad.
V-ed (动词的过去分词)，在句中可以作定语、 表语。
The__fa_l_le_n_ (fall) 定语
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• The house built over there is a shop. （被动、已建好） • The house to be built over there is designed by a famous architect （被动、将来）
publish
His book ____________ published last year sells well. His book _____________ being published now will be on sale next year. to be published next year will be His book _____________ his best one. publishing his book is The press(出版社) ___________ famous in the city.
used as
1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
(1) 在句中的位置 单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代词前面；
a broken heart the risen sun
一颗破碎的心
已经升起的太阳
a lost child
丢失的孩子
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所 修饰的名词或代词后面。
过去分词和V-ing形式作表语的区别:
V-ing形式 表特征---含有“令人……”之
意
过去分词 表状态---含有“感到……”之意
比较： The film is interesting. I'm interested in English．
surprising ~surprised disappointing ~disappointed amazing ~ amazed relaxing ~ relaxed exciting ~excited tiring ~tired boring ~ bored pleasing ~pleased
5. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year.
designed by the = The project, _____________ ________________________, chinese engineers was constructed in only 2 year.
D news, we all felt ___. 2. Hearing the ____
A. encouraging, encouraging,
B. encouraged, encouraged
C. encouraged, encouraging
D. encouraging, encouraged B on the gold 3. From the dates ______ coin, it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked
过去分词作定语和表语的区别:
定语 表语 放在名词和代词的前面或后面 表示动作完成 或被动 放在be 动词或系动词的后面
说明主语的状态或特征
1.
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. 2. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 3. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 4. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. 5. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died. 6. It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 7. He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so that it could not be used. 8. He found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 9. He suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. 10. Because they had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定
代词时，也要放在这些词后面。
Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别： 1.语态上 现在分词: 表示主动的动作 过去分词: 表示被动的动作 He is the man swimming in the river just now. He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.
1.A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree. tied =A thief stole the goat ______ to the tree. 2. The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s long-lost friend. dressed in red = The girl _________________ is Kelly’s long-lost friend.
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun
the advice given to the patient
an old man supported by his son
a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something,
练习三 单选
1.As is known to us all, traveling is A ______, but we often feel ______ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired
confusing ~confused satisfying ~satisfied astonishing ~astonished inspiring ~ inspired amusing ~amused entertaining ~entertained depressing ~ depressed
练习一． 句型转换
3. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt. burnt down in = The castle, ______________ ____________________________, the sixteenth century was never rebuilt. 4. Father beat the son who was lost in the online games. =Father beat the son ________ lost in the online games.
the developing country the developed country
总结：
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的 区别：
过去分词表示被动或完成；
现在分词表示主动或进行。
• I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行）
• The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said. 2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won. 3. The situation was a bit discouraged. 4. Two pages in this dictionary are missed. 5. Your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.
publish
His book ____________ published last year sells well. His book _____________ being published now will be on sale next year. to be published next year will be His book _____________ his best one. publishing his book is The press(出版社) ___________ famous in the city.
used as
1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
(1) 在句中的位置 单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代词前面；
a broken heart the risen sun
一颗破碎的心
已经升起的太阳
a lost child
丢失的孩子
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所 修饰的名词或代词后面。
过去分词和V-ing形式作表语的区别:
V-ing形式 表特征---含有“令人……”之
意
过去分词 表状态---含有“感到……”之意
比较： The film is interesting. I'm interested in English．
surprising ~surprised disappointing ~disappointed amazing ~ amazed relaxing ~ relaxed exciting ~excited tiring ~tired boring ~ bored pleasing ~pleased
5. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year.
designed by the = The project, _____________ ________________________, chinese engineers was constructed in only 2 year.
D news, we all felt ___. 2. Hearing the ____
A. encouraging, encouraging,
B. encouraged, encouraged
C. encouraged, encouraging
D. encouraging, encouraged B on the gold 3. From the dates ______ coin, it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked
过去分词作定语和表语的区别:
定语 表语 放在名词和代词的前面或后面 表示动作完成 或被动 放在be 动词或系动词的后面
说明主语的状态或特征
1.
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. 2. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 3. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 4. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. 5. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died. 6. It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 7. He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so that it could not be used. 8. He found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 9. He suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. 10. Because they had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定
代词时，也要放在这些词后面。
Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别： 1.语态上 现在分词: 表示主动的动作 过去分词: 表示被动的动作 He is the man swimming in the river just now. He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.
1.A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree. tied =A thief stole the goat ______ to the tree. 2. The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s long-lost friend. dressed in red = The girl _________________ is Kelly’s long-lost friend.
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun
the advice given to the patient
an old man supported by his son
a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something,
练习三 单选
1.As is known to us all, traveling is A ______, but we often feel ______ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired
confusing ~confused satisfying ~satisfied astonishing ~astonished inspiring ~ inspired amusing ~amused entertaining ~entertained depressing ~ depressed
练习一． 句型转换
3. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt. burnt down in = The castle, ______________ ____________________________, the sixteenth century was never rebuilt. 4. Father beat the son who was lost in the online games. =Father beat the son ________ lost in the online games.
the developing country the developed country
总结：
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的 区别：
过去分词表示被动或完成；
现在分词表示主动或进行。
• I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行）
• The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said. 2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won. 3. The situation was a bit discouraged. 4. Two pages in this dictionary are missed. 5. Your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.