浦东新区2015年高三英语一模试卷(含问题详解)

浦东新区2014学年度第一学期期末质量测试高三英语考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Only one person in the group is older than he.B. His group is almost the oldest.C. He is the youngest person in the group.D. He appears only in the second photograph.2. A. It has unusually good. B. It has excellent food.C. The there is disappointing.D. Everything there is great.3. A. She thinks it will be better than the old one. B. She is anxious for it to be completed.C. She is worried that it is not long enough.D. She feels that it should not have been built.4. A. He often complains. B. He is never happy.C. He often does something.D. He is short.5. A. She didn’t know her daughter could sing so well.B. She sings better than her daughter.C. She doesn’t like her daughter.D. She herself doesn’t have a good voice.6. A. Enjoyable. B. Dull. C. Moving. D. Inspiring.7. A. The apples and pears might not be good.B. The apples are not as good as the pears.C. The apples and pears are very good.D. The apples and pears are as good as they look.8. A. The talks haven’t started yetB. The talks haven’t produced any agreement.C. Their talks have achieved much.D. Their talks broke down and could go no further.9. A. The long wait. B. The broken down computer.C. The mistakes in her telephone.D. The bad telephone.10. A. Because she feels very hot in the room.B. Because she wants to avoid meeting people.C. Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D. Because she doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Many cars were turned upside down as a result of the flood.B. Peter’s hometown was located in the mountains.C. There were many large stones on the roads after the flood.D. Tractors and lorries were busy carrying food to the flooded area.12. A. How people fought against a natural disaster.B. Help was rushed to the flood-stricken city.C. A big flood struck Peter’s hometown.D. Many people died in a serious flood.13. A. The big flood occurred in July.B. Over 2500 people lost their homes.C. More than 100 people died in the flood.D. The victims of the flooded area were carried to safety by helicopters.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because he was so tired that he collapsed.B. Because he liked snacks so much that he took it almost every day.C. Because the fast food he often took caused him to become weaker and weaker.D. Because he wanted to be given blood transfusions.15. A. When people are so busy, they will skip their meals. They usually have takeaways or snacksinstead.B. The speaker regrets to have taken too much fast food, he advises others not to follow hisexample.C. The speaker prefers quick snacks to home-cooked meals.D. The speaker had intended to cook something nourishing.16. A. Have a wonderful time! B. Enjoy your good health!C. Have a satisfying meal!D. Thank you for your meal!Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation·Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Y ou can’t go near the City Centre Mall in downtown Seattle without seeing the mermaid logo of a certain international coffee company. Today the company (25) _______(establish) 5,945 stores in the United States and 2,392 more overseas and in Canada. While it (26) _______ seem that there is already a Starbucks at every corner, Chairman Howard Schultz says the company is just getting started. The company plans to double the current number of domestic stores to nearly 12,000. To meet (27) _______ target, Sawbucks will start more stores at airports and supermarkets. Don’t be fooled: the key to its success is not the taste of its coffee. (28) _______ has made them great is making sure that no one has a bad experience in their stores.One way it intends to keep further its growth is to move customers through its line more quickly. While Starbucks executives love to talk about their store’s gentle environment as a “third place” (29) _______ home and work, it turns out that only 30 percent of customers actually use the tables and couches. Everyone else (30) _______ (grab) their coffee to go, (31) _____ _____ one third of new stores will now offer drive-through.The company is also coming up with new ideas (32) _______ (get) customers to dig deeper into their wallets. On each floor of Starbucks headquarters south of downtown Seattle, employees of the company tout（兜售）new plans for food and new drinks such as coffee liqueurs（咖啡酒）and this year’s holiday offering: pumpkin spice lattes.(B)Art of livingAristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity”. In other words, whether you are seeking lifelong satisfaction (33) ______ a few moments of good cheer, you have got to move forward. We’ve surveyed the experts and found four steps to take toward a sunny disposition（性格）: 1. V ALUE YOUR RELATIONSHIPSOver a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 12,000 people (34) ______ income, education, political participation, volunteer activities, and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported Newsweek’s Sharon Begley on the findings, “The highest level of happiness (35) ______ (find) with the most stable, longest, and most contented relationships.”2. EXPRESS YOURSELFSinging aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: All may increase a feeling of well-being, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants tracked their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were (36) ______ (outgoing).3. SPEND MONEY ON OTHERSThe editors of forbes. gave $5 or $20 randomly to 46 strangers. Half the group was told to spend money on (37) ______, wh ile the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spent it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s n ot how much money you spend, but how you spend it, (38) ______ can boost (提升) the spirit.4. FOCUS ON THE POSITVEStudies from the University of Pennsylvania’s Positive Psychology Center show (39) ______ negative-minded people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an (40) ______ (improve) outlook.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most individuals experience some form of test anxiety when they take an important examination. This anxiety can 41 itself in physical symptoms like nausea or sweaty palms, or in emotional symptoms like panic and irritability. Often, individuals will become nervous long before the exam date because they feel 42 by the amount of material they must master. The first step in 43 this anxiety is realizing that test anxiety is a natural reaction, and that it can be 44 . In order to regain control over anxiety, one should break the exam 45 into smaller sections. It will seem much easier to master a series of small subjects than to handle a huge subject all at once.Test-takers should make a study schedule weeks or months ahead of the exam, and give themselves a small amount to learn each period. When the exam day 46 arrives, anxiety will be reduced by the feeling of preparedness. Apart from that, anxiety can be lessened in a few easy ways. First, avoid having any excessively stimulating foods, such as those 47 caffeine or sugar, on the day of the exam. Getting a good night's sleep and a little bit of exercise will 48 one's brain and allow for easy 49 of the learned material. During the exam, breathe deeply and sit in a comfortable position. On exams where this is possible, many people find comfort in going through and answering all of the easy questions before 50 the more difficult ones.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Leadership is a word getting a lot of attention these days. It appears in the title of new advice, how-to, and business books with amazing 51 . Definitions vary, but most of the ones I’ve seen don’t he lp much. It’s a totally 52 subject: You think A is a great leader; I like B’s53 better. That is, you may not be able to 54 it, but you know it when you see it.So this is my take on the elusive (难以捉摸的) concept:Y ears ago, leadership had 55 to do with a specific ability. “Leader” was the56 given to the emperor of the organization. The person was the commander, the 57 with complete control. But 58 there is another way to establish yourself as a leader.Here is my definition: Leadership is the ability to get others to do what you want, need, or expect them to do, and feel good about doing it. It is the 59 part (feeling good about doing it) that is so elusive.If I am in charge, I can certainly demand you do what I expect you to do and insist you get it done. I can give orders. 60 , I am the boss, and everyone knows what that means. It is a sure way to destroy the atmosphere of the 61 .Today, I believe that approach is on the way 62 , although it will always be with us. When people hate the boss, sure, the boss is called “leader”—but not a good one, because thefollowers are an unhappy bunch. If they had another, 63 job to go to, they would be gone in a minute.Here is a list of the qualities I believe it 64 to be a good leader: 1. Likable; 2. Trustworthy; 3. Competent and experienced; 4. Part of the team; 5. Able and willing to participate; 6. Ready to 65 ; 7. Adaptable to change; 8. Eager to share credit.51. A. activity B. regularity C. reality D. sensitivity52. A. wrong B. unnecessary C. objective D. subjective53. A. system B. style C. sample D. speech54. A. define B. understand C. analyze D. summarize55. A. a lot B. something C. nothing D. everything56. A. rank B. type C. title D. honor57. A. authority B. candidate C. specialist D. assistant58. A. reasonably B. hopefully C. sadly D. fortunately59. A. first B. second C. former D. whole60. A. Above all B. After all C. For instance D. On the contrary61. A. friendship B. school C. company D. workplace62. A. over B. in C. along D. out63. A. money-saving B. highly-demanding C. decent-paying D. far-reaching64. A. endures B. takes C. minds D. describes65. A. please B. change C. listen D. followSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Being a normal, healthy nineteen-year-old, Rhona was in the habit of falling asleep the moment her head touched her pillow and not wakening up again until her mother called her at seven-thirty.When she awoke that morning in the grey light of early dawn, she had no idea what had disturbed her. Then she imagined, or thought she imagined, a faint smell of smoke around her nostrils (鼻孔). What was strange, though, was the very fact that she was wide awake and, according to her bedside clock, it was only a quarter to four.She sat up, listening, alert. There was definitely a smell of burning. Rising quickly, she crossed to the window and opened it quietly, thinking it would be the remains of some garden bonfire. But it wasn’t. She saw smoke and flames billowing out of a downstairs window next door.Barefoot and in pyjamas, she ran first to her parents’ room, opening their door to call, “Mum! Dad! There’s a fire next door!”Downstairs in a flash, she hurriedly dialed 999 and gave her name and address in clear, brieftones. By the time she had finished, Graeme, her elder brother, was coming running downstairs.“You go to the ir front door—I’ll go to the back,” she said to him.As she banged on their neighbors’ back door, she could hear a child crying in fear. Without stopping to think, Rhona lifted the large doorstop and smashed it through a glass panel, put her hand in and turned the key which opened the door.Through the smoke she saw a drying screen hung with white washing and she grabbed at as many of the damp clothes as she could on her way past towards the stairs. Halfway up she met Mr Parker carrying the baby and she hurriedly gave him some wet towels before doing the same for Mrs Parker who was behind him leading two-year-old Clare by the hand.“Crouch down as low as you can,” Rhona directed them as she took the child’s other hand. Within a matter of seconds the family was safely outside.66. Rhona woke up early in the morning because_________.A. her mother called her for an emergencyB. she heard a baby crying in fear downstairsC. she smelt something burning in the airD. the alarm clock rang as she set it67. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Rhona, together with her brother, Graeme, went to the Parkers’ rescue.B. The Parkers escaped from the burning house together.C. Rhona broke into the house by back door after smashing the glass panel.D. Rhona covered her mouth with the damp clothes before entering the Parkers’.68. According to the article, Rhona can be best described as _________.A. alert and timidB. courageous and stressedC. panic and sympatheticD. decisive and responsive69. It can be inferred that when the fire broke out, _________.A. The Parkers were at a loss what to doB. Rhona had a good knowledge of survival skillsC. Rhona showed the Parkers a safe fire escapeD. Rhona’s parents help ed to save the scared children(B)Shanghai Sightseeing Bus TourShanghai Sightseeing Bus Tour consists of three tour routes: City Tour (red route). Temple Tour(green route) and Pudong Tour (blue route). In addition, Shanghai Sightseeing Bus Tour alsodesigns night routes to provide a platform for tourists to enjoy the night scenes of this vital city. Every bus is equipped with a guide system which is available in 8 languages: Mandarin, English,Tour Description1. Tourists can buy coupons （套票）of tickets for Shanghai Sightseeing Bus Tour at agencies of Shanghai Sightseeing Bus Tour.2. Agencies of Shanghai Sightseeing Bus Tour will provide tourists with coupons and Big Bus brochures.4. Tourists can change different tickets with coupons:a. Shanghai Sightseeing Bus ticket with fixed timeb. Free tickets for scenic spots according to the different choices of touristsTel: -63515988Website: . bigbustours.70. According to the schedule, when does the second run of the Red Route depart?A. At 09:00.B. At 10:30.C. At 09:30.D. At 10:00.71. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Tourists hoping to visit Pudong should choose the Red Route.B. Coupons of tickets are available to tourists free of charge.C. Tourists can exchange tickets at Shanghai Art Museum at 17:00.D. The 24-hour package ticket can give tourists access to the Bund sightseeing tunnel.72. To go sightseeing with Shanghai Sightseeing Bus Tour, a tourist can _________.A. exchange tickets round the clockB. enjoy the night scenes of the cityC. get on or off at any timeD. always expect timely arrival of the bus73. Where will you most probably find the information?A. In a bus schedule.B. In a book review.C. In a curriculum booklet.D. In a tourist guidebook.(C)Since ninety-eight percent of Hong Kong people are Chinese, half of them from Mainland China who know little English, there seems to be no valid reason why Chinese should not be one of the official languages of Hong Kong.Generally, none-English speaking Chinese make out very well. It is mostly the courts that they experienced any great difficulty –Hong Kong’s law and court proceedings are in English –because, apparently, not sufficient attention is given to translating laws and procedures into Chinese.One other difficulty lies in the field of official communication – from Government offices. It seems no more than reasonable that such communications addressed to Chinese people should be in both Chinese and English.The Chinese Language Committee has, in its four reports to Government, proposed that theChinese language should have equal status with the English language in meetings of the Legislative Council, the Urban Council and Government Boards and Committees; in oral and written communications between Government and the public; in court-proceedings and the language of the law; and in the Hong Kong School Certificate of Education Examinations –all that by 1974 or 1975.The key-word in the recommendation is status, as Judge T.L. Yang, Chairman of the Legal Sub-committee of the government-appointed Chinese Language Committee, pointed out. He is not happy with the term Fat Ting U Men which the Committee adopted to indicate the official status of the Chinese language. His Honor preferred Kun Fong U Men, meaning a language used by the government.In other words, such official language, whether Chinese or English, need not necessarily be used in every instance. Consequently, situations may occur in which only Chinese is used by the government and, again, other communication situations in which only English is used. As one Chinese newspaper editorial pointed out, equal status does not necessarily mean equal use – whether in law or any other official communication.The result of the Chinese Language Committee’s four Reports seems to be that Chinese and English are now used in the Urban Council and the Legislative Council meetings and are likely to be used shortly in other circumstances prospected by that Committee. Let it be noted, however, that in Hong Kong, as everywhere else, new ideas take hold very slowly – unless pressure is exerted from some quarter or another.For instance, after the demonstrations by post-secondary students in favor of Chinese as an official language, Government communicated with the public in both Chinese and English. However, when such communication appeared in writing, the Chinese translation was often so inadequate that the receivers, if they were able, read the English to understand the meaning of the Chinese.74. According to the writer, Chinese should be made an official language because ________.A. most Hong Kong citizens have an adequate command of ChineseB. some Hong Kong citizens find considerable difficulty in legal languageC. the population of Hong Kong is predominantly ChineseD. the national pride of the Hong Kong Chinese urges them to demand it.75. The main idea of the sixth paragraph is that ________.A. equal status of English and Chinese means equal useB. only Chinese should be used in official communicationC. both English and Chinese should be employed in all official communicationD. both English and Chinese or either language should be used as the situation demands76. The phrase or word nearest in meaning to take hold in the seventh paragraph is ________.A. fasten upon the mindB. graspC. are rejectedD. are accepted77. The writer, in his conclusion, implies that ________.A. the government will be forced to accept Chinese as an official languageB. good translators are definitely inadequate in Hong KongC. many difficulties will arise from translating English into ChineseD. a person has to be bilingual (双语的) before he understands translations in Chinese(D)Sunshine might be healthier than most people think, outweighing the risk of skin cancer. British doctors suggested last week and ran straight into a storm. The four researchers at Bristol University in western England were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun. Experts agree exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays (紫外线) increases the risk of skin cancer and accelerates the signs of aging. But in the British Medical Journal, the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote, “There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer.”Vitamin D, made in the body in reaction to sunlight, prevented rickets (软骨病) in children and was associated with a protective effect against heart disease.Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was evidence that it reduced the incidence of multiple sclerosis (硬化症). There was also the “feel go od effect of lying or sitting in the sun.” The researchers said it was too early to advise people to spend more time in the sun, but suggested the basis of the current advice to cover up should be reviewed.“Perhaps, while we await the conclusions of such formal analyses, those of us who enjoy spending time in the sun can rest assured that the chance that we will be one of the people dying from the sun is small.” they added.Their article was strongly criticized by health campaigners who claimed it was unbalanced and not backed by scientific evidence. Britain’s Health Education Authority said skin cancer was the most common form of cancer in the country, with more than 50,000 new cases diagnosed each year and more than 2,000 people dying from the disease. It said treatment almost always required surgery and almost 50 per cent of cases were fatal. The authority’s skin cancer campaign manager Christopher New said, “We are very disappointed with this controversial article. It doesn’t have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk of undoing many years of good health education.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS) 78. According to the four researchers at Bristol University, ______________________________ does more good than harm.79. What does the author mean by saying “the British doctors ran straight into a storm”?80. The “good health education” reminds people ______________________________.81. People have not yet been able to reach an agreement on ______________________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.老师让我用熟悉的词替换生词。