高中英语定语从句详解

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高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ、概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。

关系词得作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用得关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。

常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、whe re(地点状语)可以修饰人得关系代词:that, who,whom,whose可以修饰事得关系代词:that, which, as,whose,The student who answered the question was John、Iknow thereasonwhy he wasso angry、The boy (whom) you are talkingto is mybrother、I'd like a roomwhose window facesthe sea、定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适得关系词。

Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法:●that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。

(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1、A letterthat/which is written in pencil is difficult to read、(主语)2、Do you know the gentleman that/whospoke just now?3、You can takeanything ( that)you like、(宾语)4、Whatis thequestion(that/which) they aretalking about?5、Hereis theman (who/whom/that) you want tosee、6、She's no longerthe girl( that) sheused to be before、(表语)7、Ourhometown isno longer theone (that)it usedto be、(=Our hometown isnot the same as it used tobe、= Our hometown is differentfrom what itusedtobe。

高中英语语法定语从句总结

高中英语语法定语从句总结

定语从句总结先行词为人时:关系代词从句中缺主语时,who;that;不能省略从句缺宾语,who; that ;whom,可省略;(介词后只能跟whom)从句缺定语指代’s ,whose先行词为物时:关系代词从句缺主语时,which;that;不能省略从句缺宾语时,which;that;可省略;(介词后只能跟which)从句缺定语指代’s,whose先行词为时间:从句缺时间状语时,关系副词when(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时,which;that先行词为地点:从句缺地点状语时,关系副词where(也可prep+which) 从句缺主语宾语时,which;that先行词为reason:从句缺原因状语时,why / for which从句缺主语宾语时,which;that非限制性定语从句(带,的定语从句)1.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.2.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.(which 指代前面这个事)3. He keeps a diary, which everybody knows.(which 指代know的宾语)(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,which不可。

(2)as常带有“正如”的意思As we know , smoking is harmful to one's health.As is know n, smoking is harmful to one's health.It is known that smoking is harmful. (主语从句)(3)the same… as;such…as 中的as 是固定结构,I have got into the same trouble as he (has).特别说明:1常考名词的定语从句:case,point,stage,situation;定语从句中主语宾语齐全用where;定语从句中缺主语宾语用which或that2 way做先行词,定语从句中的关系词用that; in which;不填3 用逗号隔开,起补充说明作用的非限制限制性定语从句,无论先行词是什么,都不用that4 众所周知:As is known(to all),…It is known (to all)that5 正如As was reported, (It was reported that)As was announced,As was expected,As we planned,As can be seen,只能用that, 不能用which引导定语从句的情况a)不定代词,如:anything,nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时Finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen to the police.b) the only, the very, the just修饰先行词时He is the very man that helped thegirl out of the water.c)先行词为序数词(the first, the last)数词、形容词最高级时The first English book that heHad read was "Gone with the wind"d)先行词既有人,又有物时He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited.e)关系代词在从句中做表语He is not the man that he used to be.。

完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中英语的重点知识,也是高考常考点。

本文将主要讲解关系代词引导的定语从句,并解释关系副词引导的定语从句,包括判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容,并提供例题讲解。

定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。

通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有:who。

whom。

whose。

that。

which等。

它们代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

例如,当先行词是人时,可以使用who或whom作为关系代词。

如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(他就是你想见的人吗?)关系代词在从句中作主语。

而当先行词是物时,可以使用which或that作为关系代词。

如:The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.(你拿的包快散了。

)关系代词在从句中作宾语。

除了who。

whom。

whose。

that。

which,还有关系副词when。

where。

why等。

关系副词引导的定语从句也可以修饰一个名词或代词。

例如:I still remember the day when we met.(我仍然记得我们相遇的那一天。

)关系副词when在从句中作时间状语,修饰先行词day。

总之,掌握定语从句的用法和关系词的选择是英语研究的重要内容。

通过不断的练和实践,相信大家可以掌握这一技能。

关系副词可以代替时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

例如,关系副词when。

where。

why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。

比如,有时候我们必须屈服,这是任何人都会遇到的情况(There are ns when [on which] one must yield)。

英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结

英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结

英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。

在高中英语学习中,掌握定语从句的使用方法和规则对于提高语言表达能力和理解能力非常关键。

本文将对高中英语定语从句的知识点进行归纳总结。

一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,它修饰一个名词或代词,用来给出更多的信息,进一步描述或限定该名词或代词的特定内容。

定语从句可以用来修饰人、事、物、地点等。

它在句子中的作用是为主句提供更多的信息,使句子更具体、更有表达力。

二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:定语从句中常用的关系代词有:- 人:who,whom,whose- 物:which,that,whose- 人或物:as,where,when2.关系副词:定语从句中常用的关系副词有:- 地点:where- 时间:when- 原因:why三、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/副词 + 主句。

其中,关系代词或副词在定语从句中担任主语、宾语、表语或定语的作用。

四、定语从句的几个常见类型1.限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行进一步的限定,它的信息是先行词不可或缺的一部分。

限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词that,也可使用which或who。

例子:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。

2.非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行附加说明,它的信息只是对先行词的附加补充,可以省略而不影响句子的整体意思。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词which,也可使用who。

例子:The weather, which was sunny and warm, made our picnic very enjoyable.天气晴朗温暖,使得我们的野餐非常愉快。

高中英语定语从句全面详细讲解

高中英语定语从句全面详细讲解

定语从句一定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后.2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词.关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who,whom,whose, as等;关系副词有when,where,why等The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.注意:弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分,是掌握定语从句、选择好关系词的关键.二关系代词引导的定语从句1。

who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。

The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way。

昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

That is the teacher who teaches us physics。

那就是教我们物理的老师。

2。

whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略,在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。

Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。

李明正是我想要见的男孩。

The professor (whom)you are waiting for has come。

你正在等的教授已经来了。

The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor。

老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。

3.which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。

Football is a game which is liked by most boys。

足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。

高中英语定语从句详解绝对经典课件

高中英语定语从句详解绝对经典课件

A. which
B. who
C. when
由Which 引导的定语从句,在句中做主语\ 宾语
14. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.
A. which
Байду номын сангаас
B. that
C. what
15. Finally, the thief handed everything ____
( 宾语 )
1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别. ① who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker. 分解
The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主语
which 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
可省略
This is a truck which / that is made in
China.
作主语
I like the book (which / that) you bought
yesterday.
作宾语
3. 只能用that的情况
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
found.
A. which
B. who C. what
that
12、The room in ___ there are many books is
mine. 介词提前时只能用 which
A. that
B. who C. which
13、This is the pen ____ he bought yesterday.

高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)

高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)

2、先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词:引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起.
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析: 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!(5)
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子,要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析:
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关

高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)

高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)

关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
1.that 与which
1.This is the best TV _______ that is made in China. that he 2.The first museum _______ visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时,引导 定语从句多用that 。
引导定语从句用that .
1.that 与which 1.Who that _______ you have ever
know can do it better ?
Who做先行词时, 引导定语从句用 that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag, in ________ which she put all her money, has been stolen. which she 2.This is the ring on ________ spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang , with ________ I went whom to the concert, enjoy it very mue is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
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高中英语定语从句详解定语从句主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词或上文提到的一件事(句子)。

而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词或句子的后面。

在被修饰的名词、代词(先行词)与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体。

关系词与后面的句子合称定语从句。

1)three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack三种意味着一个人患心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的短语中:signs是:被修饰的名词;that是:关系词;that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack是定语从句2)those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的短语中:those是:被修饰的代词;who是:关系词;who drink a lot是:定语从句。

3)Do you know the name of that girl whose brother is your roommate ?你知道她的哥哥与你同寝室的那位女孩的名字吗?通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出:(1)定语从句在英语中放在被修饰的词后,翻译成汉语时置于被修饰的词之前,且有汉字“的”(2)定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下:被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中,"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示:1)先行词=关系词。

所以先行词在从句中不在出现。

先行词的意义以及它在从句中的语法功能(句子成分)决定关系词的选择。

定语从句中的关系词只有两类:关系代词和关系副词;所有关系词不但都有具体的意义而且都在从句中担任一定的成分。

1)关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that 等。

who用于代替"表示人的意义"的先行词,并且在从句中充当主语,也可充当宾语。

但不能放在介词之后。

介词后的宾语用whomwhose 用于代替"表示人或物意义"的先行词,用在从句中时,后要跟一个名词,与那个名词合起来相当于一个关系词,在从句中担当主语或宾语。

Whose常表达"先行词的"之意which 用于代替"表示事物意义"的先行词,在从句中作主语、宾语。

that 既用于代替"表示人的意义"的先行词,也用于代替"表示事物意义"的先行词;在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作谓语动词的宾语,但是不能跟介词后作介词的宾语,介词后用which。

在一定范围内,that = who / whom / which 。

要点提示:虽然that即可指人,也可指代物,习惯上指代人时,常用who。

总结:(1)怎么判断定语从句(2)怎么选择关系词:当先行词指.....时如:填空,翻译1) I have no idea about the man wrote the article .2) The little boy is singing there can recite quiet a number of Chinese poems .3 )I know the girl you talked to just now4 )That was a fault could not be forgiven .5)I've got a novel you may like to read .6 )This is the book from I know the famous person.7)Who is the girl you talked to just now?8) This is the very book you are looked for yesterday.9) The books which sell well are written by him.10) The book which sells well is written by him.11)The world we live in is made of matter.12)The world in we live is made of matter.要点提示:(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。

避免重复,指人时,主句有who,从句用that(2)That 和which 指代物时的区别先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时,例如:All that I have is money.There must be something that happened to you .你一定出了什么事。

They had nothing that could cure of his disease .他们没有一点能治愈他疾病的东西了。

-- 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,例如:This is the most impressive TV that has never been put on show before . 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。

That is the only way that leads to your success .那是通向你成功的唯一之路。

We have to consider the first thing that we need to do.我们必须要考虑我们需要做的第一件事。

-- 当先行词表示事物意义,并且在从句中作介词的宾语,那么就只能用whichIt is the second thing about which I become crazy.(3)定语从句中,谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。

特例:1 She is one of the students who have been abroad.2 She is the only one of the students who has been abroad.2)关系副词:when = 在什么时候,where = 在什么地方,why = 为什么原因,在英文中用哪个具体的介词,得依具体汉语意思而定了关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,关系副词在从句中作状语(不缺主语,宾语,表语)when 代替表示时间的名词,在从句中充当状语例如:1)People will always remember the time Hongkong and Macao returned to our motherland .2)We don't know the exact time the English Evening will be held .3)I still remember the days we spent together.where 代替表示地点的名词,在从句中充当状语。

例如:1)The place we're to have the Speech Contest has not been decided yet. 2)He is living in a newly-built house there used to be a pond .3)He has found the school his mother told him.why 代替表示原因的名词,在从句中充当状语。

例如:1)He didn't tell her the reason he was so happy .2)They explained the reason to us they had misunderstood us before .3)The reason he explained is not so acceptable .当名词时way时,关系词可以用that,in which或省略关系词He can’t understand the way the teacher told him.He can’t understand the way the teacher solve problem。

He can’t find a way really works.关系副词=介词+关系代词,而这种结构中较难解决的问题是介词的选择问题,因为这个问题的解决取决于多种因素:A)动词与介词的搭配B)名词与介词的搭配C)形容词与介词的搭配,等等。

总之,要依从句的具体需要而定。

例如:A)动词与介词的搭配He has found a good job for which he is qualified .(qualify + 名词+ for "使…具有…资格" )他找到了一份他能胜任的工作。

The man to whom you talked just now will chair the meeting tomorrow . (talk to + 名词"与某人谈话" )你刚才与他谈话的那个人明天主持那个会议。

B)名词与介词的搭配They are still living in the little house in which (= )they've been living for 15 years . (in the house "在屋子里" )他们现在还住在他们已住了15年的那个小房子里。

He went through a hard time during which (=) he lost many times.C)形容词与介词的搭配The secretary with whom the boss is not happy will be fired for her inefficiency . (happy with "对…表示满意")老板对其不满意的那个秘书将由于她没有工作效率而被解雇。

I've found the job for which I've been eager for a long time.(eager for "渴望得到…" )我已找到了我渴望已久的那份工作。

He is a learned man with whom we are familiar .(familiar with 熟悉…)他是一位我们熟悉的有学识的人。

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