2020年高考英语之高频考点解密二 名词和主谓一致(含答案)
高考对名词的考查注重基础,我们在平时的复习中要打好基础,掌握足够的考纲词汇,并熟知其常见搭配和用法,并注意熟练掌握常用的名词词缀知识。
4.巧用就近原则
当主语是由or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接的并列成分时以及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。
【答案】sort改为sorts
【解析】sort在此意为“种类”,是可数名词,和all搭配时用复数形式。故将sort改为sorts.
4.(2018·浙江卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ___56___(dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
②意义一致
③就近原则
【命题预测】
语法填空对名词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中在给出词根进行此类转化,根据习惯用法或固定短语确定名词,名词的复数形式,所有格形式的变化。主谓一致一般会与名词、动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。
【名师指导】
1.整体把握,注意语境
从近年高考试题看,高考语法填空对名词的考查离不开具体的语境,在语境中考查名词的相关知识。做题时,既要全面、整体地看题干,还要注意分析句子成分,并根据提示词来确定名词的相关考点。通常,涉及videos,zoos,tobaccos
有的加-es
heroes,potatoes,tomatoes
【名师点睛】
①以-o结尾的下列名词要加-es,它们是"黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿",即Negroes,heroes,echoes,potatoes,tomatoes。但下列以-o结尾的名词既可以加-es,也可以加-s,它们是:zeros(zeroes)零,mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子,volcanos(volcanoes)火山。
解密02名词和主谓一致
【命题解读】
名词和主谓一致是历年高考的重要考点,常常出现在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错题型中。名词部分主要考查:
①名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配
②名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)
③名词的所有格
④抽象名词的具体化
⑤名词和冠词的搭配
高考关于主谓一致的考查主要集中在一下三个方面:
①语法一致
②以-f或-fe结尾的下列名词需要把f或fe去掉,再加-ves,它们是"为了自己活命,小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上,把狼劈成两半",即selves,lives,thieves,wives,knives,leaves,shelves,wolves,halves。
但下列以-f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加-ves,也可以直接加-s,如:handkerchiefs (handkerchieves)手帕。
③名词前有man或woman修饰,变复数时,作定语的man或woman和后面的名词都要变成复数。如:woman doctor→women doctors
(2)不规则变化
①自身有特殊变化的名词
child孩子→childrenman男人→mentooth牙→teeth
foot脚,英尺→feetmouse老鼠→micephenomenon现象→phenomena
☞Every possible means has been tried, but none has worked.
③合成名词的复数形式:
son-in-law→ sons-in-lawpasser-by → passers-bystory-teller → story-tellers
【名师点睛】
名词+名词时,仅将后面的名词变复数:girl student→ girl students但是man/woman+名词时,前后都要变为复数:
一、名词的种类
专有名词
普通名词
国名地名人名,团体机构名称
可数名词
不可数名词
个体名词
集体名词
抽象名词
物质名词
二、名词的数
1.可数名词的复数
(1)规则变化
情况
方法
例词
一般情况
加-s
students,teachers,doc tors,tables
以s,x,ch,sh结尾
加-es
glasses,dishes,boxes,watches但stomach复数形式直接加s,即stomachs
在那些艰难的时期,能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。
(3)“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词。能用在此结构中的抽象名词有importance, value, use, significance, help等。
☞It’s of no practical use to me.这对我没什么实际用途。
☞The work I am doing is not of much value.我做的工作没有多大价值。
【答案】dishes
【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜,表示泛指应该用名词复数,故填dishes。
2.不可数名词
(1)通常只用作不可数名词的名词:advice建议,furniture家具,fun乐趣;information信息,news新闻,weather天气,progress进步,wealth财富,value价值等。
2.(2018·新课标卷I·语法填空)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___66(that / which)___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause).
woman singer → women singers
1.(2019·新课标卷II·短文改错)Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do.
【答案】job改为jobs
【解析】考查名词的数。“job(工作;职业)”为可数名词,用different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作,应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。
1. Your advise is of little ____.it doesn't help to improve our English.
A. usefulB. uselessness
C. importanceD. helpless
【答案】C
【解析】此题考查的是“be of +(形容词)+抽象名词”的用法。useful和helpless为形容词,故排除A和D,根据后半句知“建议不能帮助我们提高英语成绩”,前半句也应该表示否定意义,little本来就表否定意义,而uselessness又是否定意义,故排除B.
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意可知,experience在这里表示经历,因此为可数名词,所以排除C项和D项。When引导的从句其实是when she is staying in the forest doing research.当主句主语和从句主语一致,并且从句中有系动词时,可以把从句中的主语连同系动词一起省略,故用staying。所以B项正确。句意:当停留在森林里做研究时,她已经获得了许多关于动物的难忘的经历。
2. She has gained many unforgettable _____ about animals when _____ in the forest doing research.
A. experiences; stayedB. experiences; staying
C. experience; stayedD. experience; staying
delight
高兴
令人高兴的事
failure
失败
失败的人或事物
surprise
惊奇
令人惊奇的事情
shock
震惊
令人震惊的事情
pride
骄傲
令人骄傲的事情
Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.你的贡献一定会使这个事件很成功。
3.表示数量的词(组)与名词的搭配
◆修饰可数的量词:a number of, the number of, many, a great/good many few , a few, several
◆修饰不可数的量词:a large amount of , huge amounts of, a great deal of, much, too much little, a little◆两个皆可修饰的量词:some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of , quantity of
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i再加-es
families,babies,armies,bodies
以元音字母+y结尾
加-s
boys,toys,pianos,photos
以f或fe结尾
大都变f或fe为v,再加-es
thieves,wives,knives,shelves,lives
少数加-s
beliefs,proofs,roofs,chiefs
(2)不可数名词具体化
①具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时,可以与不定冠词连用,常考的有:
单词
抽象名词意义
具体化名词意义
success
2020-2021年考英语主谓一致及答案经典1
2020-2021年考英语主谓一致及答案经典1一、主谓一致1.(题文)In our school library there a number of books and the number of them growinglarger and larger.A.is; are B.has; isC.are; is D.have; are【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:在我们学校的图书馆里有许多书。
书籍的数目越来越大。
第一空上的动词与前面的there一起构成There be句型,主语books是复数,所以be动词要改为are。
第二空上的词与后面的growing一起构成现在进行时,而句子主语为the number of them,所以该用is,因此选C。
【考点定位】考查主谓一致。
2.Nowadays many new taxi apps(打车软件)_________ to help people travel around more easily.A.are used B.use C.used D.is used【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:现在很多新的打车软件被用来帮助人们更方便地旅行。
are used被用来;use使用;used过去式;is used被用来。
根据句意可知,主语many new taxi apps与动词构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数的,故应选A。
3.—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike?—There ____________ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.A.will have B.will beC.is going to have D.are going to be【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:-你为什么这么匆忙,迈克?-有在十分钟后有一场NBA篮球比赛。
根据in ten minutes可知该用一般将来时。
高考英语主谓一致知识点分类汇编附答案解析(2)
一、选择题
1.C
解析:C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意:如今,中国外卖app的发展让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹没。根据Nowadays可知句子用现在进行时态,再根据句子主语growth是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。
15.Doctors always tell us that drinking too much________our health,but some people don’t care.
A.is harm toB.does harmful to
C.is harmபைடு நூலகம்ul toD.do harm to
A.datingB.dateC.datesD.are dated
23.With rural ecosystem improving, the number of tourists to villages ________ year by year.
A.have increasedB.increasesC.is increasingD.are increasing
C.are allowedD.have been allowed
12.Wine is the world's favorite drink enjoyed on almost every occasion where great times_________ with friends.
A.are being sharedB.is sharedC.sharesD.share
2.A
解析:A
【解析】
【详解】
考查现在进行时态表示将来和主谓一致。句意:除了约翰和海伦,他们的表弟下个月也要来看我们。根据next month可知,句子用一般将来时态,此处come的进行时态表示将来,且句子主语cousin是单数第三人称,故选A。
2020-2021年考英语主谓一致及答案(word)
2020-2021年考英语主谓一致及答案(word)一、主谓一致1.______all the students in my class, ______ our teacher is going to take part in our party. We’ll have a good time.A.Both, and B.Neither, nor C.not only, but also D.Either, or【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:不仅是我们班上的学生,还有我们的老师都参加了我们的聚会。
我们玩的很开心。
A. Both, and两者都;B. Neither, nor既不,也不,谓语动词“就近原则”;C. not only, but also 不但,而且;D. Either, or要么,要么,谓语动词“就近原则”;根据句意We’ll have a good time可知not only, but also符合题意。
故选C。
【点睛】either...or... , neither...nor连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就是我们通常说的“就近原则”。
both...and表示“两者都”,谓语动词通常用复数。
not only…but also….是英语中较为常见的一个关联词组,在此题中主要连接两个主语。
由于not only A but also B句式重点在B上,所以谓语动词一般要与B保持人称和数的一致。
2. students in the classroom twenty. The others are in the library.A.The number of; isB.A number of; areC.The number of; are【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:教室里的学生人数是二十,其他的人在图书馆。
The number of ……的数量,谓语动词用单数;a number of大量的,谓语动词用复数。
高中英语高考语法易错知识点2.名词和主谓一致(考点梳理+易错点)
高中英语高考语法易错知识点2.名词和主谓一致(考点梳理+易错点)名词和主谓一致考点知识点梳理1.语法一致☆当and或both.and.连接两个或两个以上名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
☆不定代词either, neither, each, one, the other,another, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
☆由each, each… and each…, every… and every.做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
☆主语后接有with, along with, together with, as well as,no less than, more than, including, besides, like, except, but等词或短语时,谓语动词单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定☆“a number of+名词复数”做主语时谓语动词用复数形式;"“ the number o什+名词复数”做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
☆“a lot of( ots of, plenty of, most of)+名词”“分数或百分数+名词”等做主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词,如果是不可数名词则谓语动词用单数形式,如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。
☆只有复数形式的名词(如clothes, trousers, shorts,pants, shoes, gloves…)做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
☆不定式或动词ng形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
2.意义一致☆由and连接的两个名词作主语时,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)则谓语动词用单数形式。
☆表示度量,价格,时间,长度的复数名词或词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
☆集体名词( family, team, crowd, company, class, group,government.)如果表示整体概念则谓语动词用单数形式,如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词需用复数形式☆people, police, cattle等集合名词作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
高考英语主谓一致知识点知识点总复习附答案解析(1)
高考英语主谓一致知识点知识点总复习附答案解析(1)一、选择题1.Out to the finishing line…! And here !A.he dashes… comes our champion and heroB.dashes he… our champion and hero comeC.he dashes… come our champion and heroD.dashes he… comes our champion and hero2.It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area.A.are being built B.were being builtC.was being built D.is being built3.Forest as well as other children who _______certain disabilities _______down on at school. A.have; are being looked B.have; are lookingC.has; is looking D.have; is being looked .4._____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450.A.A number B.A lot C.A few D.The number 5.We believe ________ you have been devoted to ________ naturally of great necessity. A.that; being B.all that; beC.that all; are D.what; is6.A famous dancer and singer ________ invited to the party and it was a great success. A.was B.were C.is D.are7.About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people.A.third-fifths; are B.three-fifths; are C.three-fifths; is D.third-fifths; is 8.As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside.A.is allowed B.has been allowedC.are allowed D.have been allowed9.As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us.A.present B.are presenting C.are presented D.have presented 10.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.A.is B.were C.was D.are11.The dictionary as well as the grammar books that ________ bookmarks in them ________ Jane.A.has; belong to B.have; belongs toC.have; is belonged to D.has; are belonged to12.The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay.A.desire; are sent B.desiring; were sentC.desire; be sent D.desiring; be sent13.Once environment damage ________, it takes many years for the government to recover. A.has done B.is to do C.does D.is done 14.—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _____ to lead the group _____ asked to be at theschool gate before 6:30 in the morning.A.is; is B.are; are C.are; is D.is; are 15.Although there is more female participation in IT workforce,______ a significant imbalance of male and female senior positions.A.it remains B.there remainsC.there remaining D.that remains16.More than one of his classmates who often _______ voluntary work in the local community _____ been awarded by the government.A.does; has B.does; have C.do; has D.do; have 17.The father along with his children ______ solving word puzzles.A.are like B.is like C.like D.likes18.More than one passenger ________ injured in the air crash.A.were B.is C.are D.was19.Every boy and every girl _________ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.hope D.are hoping 20.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good land ______ each year.A.is washing away B.are washing awayC.is being washed away D.are being washed away21.Two fifths of the highway ________ so far.A.has been completed B.was completedC.have been completed D.has completed22.The secretary and the manager ____very busy now.A.is B.are C.was D.were23.In our class of the students girls.A.third fifths; is B.third fifth; are C.three fifth; is D.three fifths; are 24.of the students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A.Two fifths, is B.Second fifths, are C.Second fifths, is D.Two fifths, are 25.Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plasticA.have drowned B.has been drowned C.is drowning D.are drowned 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句和主谓一致。
(通用版)高考英语一轮专题巡练 考点02 名词和主谓一致考点详解(含解析)-人教版高三全册英语试题
考点02 名词和主谓一致名词是历年高考的重要考点,常常出现在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错题型中。
名词局部主要考查:①名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配②名词的数〔可数与不可数、单数与复数〕③名词的所有格④抽象名词的具体化⑤名词和冠词的搭配名词是中学英语的主要词汇之一,也是历年高考的重要考点。
研究近年的高考题我们不难看出,名词局部主要考查名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数〔可数与不可数、单数与复数〕、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以与主谓一致等。
在学习过程中,要掌握常用名词的根本用法,注意一词多义和旧词新义。
另外要多归纳总结,做题时要结合语境。
名词的数可数名词的数1.可数名词的数〔不规如此变化〕〔1〕单、复数同形。
如:means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese, sheep。
〔2〕合成名词的复数。
如:boyfriend→boyfriends, go-between→go-betweens(中间人), grown-up→grown-ups, passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on, woman doctor→women doctors。
〔3〕只有复数形式的名词。
此类名词往往以复数形式出现,表示“衣服〞、“工具〞等的总称,不能用具体的数字修饰,也不能加不定冠词a/an,但可以用a pair of/two pairs of, many等修饰。
如:clothes, tights, jeans, pajamas, pants, shorts, socks, stockings, trousers, glasses, chopsticks, compasses, pincers, scissors, scales等;另外一类总是以复数形式出现,但不能用具体的数字修饰,也不能用a/an,a pair of等修饰,只能用many, a great many, a lot of等修饰。
2020-2021年主谓一致知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)(word)
2020-2021年主谓一致知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)(word)一、主谓一致1.Neither you nor he _________good at drawing.A.are B.is C.be【答案】B【解析】句意:你和他都不擅长绘画。
Neither ···nor···,“既不···也不···,既非···也非···”连接两个并列的主语时,应遵循“就近原则”。
句子中就近的主语是he ,谓语动词用is,排除A、C,答案是B。
2. students in the classroom twenty. The others are in the library.A.The number of; isB.A number of; areC.The number of; are【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:教室里的学生人数是二十,其他的人在图书馆。
The number of ……的数量,谓语动词用单数;a number of大量的,谓语动词用复数。
The others其他的,表示复数,谓语动词用复数,结合题意故选A。
考点:考查主谓一致。
3.----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an?---- is OK. It’s up to you.A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:——明天你想去哪里,北京还是西安?——两个都可以。
由你决定。
考查不定代词辨析题。
either二者择其一;neither两者都不,表否定;both两者都;all全都。
both和all都需用复数动词形式,和is不搭配,可排除CD两项。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题10:主谓一致附解析
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析10主谓一致高考对主谓一致的考查非常灵活,除对有关主谓一致的基本规则考查外,主要考查学生对主语的辨识能力,主要是在主语前后添加修饰语。
主要有:主语前有分数、百分数或数量词修饰;主语后有各种短语,尤其是介词短语修饰;定语从句中准确辨识先行词等。
考点一带有修饰语的主谓一致主语后有短语或从句修饰时,这些修饰语不影响主语的人称和数;主语前的修饰语一般情况下也不影响主语的人称和数,如:在“many a + 单数名词”中,中心词是单数名词;在“more than one + 单数名词”中,中心词是单数名词。
但是主语前有数量词时,谓语动词应用与数量词在数上保持一致。
1. All we need _______ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout thegrowing seasons of the year. (2014湖南)A. areB. wasC. isD. were【答案】C【解析】根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数,而根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,故选C。
2. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development.(2013江苏)A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】A【解析】主语students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others的中心词是inner motivation,是单数,再由generally可知应用一般现在时。
3. All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ damaging our health. (2012湖南)A. show; areB. shows; areC. show; isD. shows; is【答案】D【解析】主句的主语evidence是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数;从句主语的中心词是use,of chemicals是介词短语修饰use,不影响主语的数,故谓语动词应用单数。
(完整版)高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案).doc
(完整版)高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案).doc高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案)I.考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。
处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则:1.语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如,主语为单数形式,谓语动词也为单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。
a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2.意义一致,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. (单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词,下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员 )b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词,下划线部分表示一个数目)3.邻近原则,即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
a. A man of abilities are needed(.动词 are 不与主语 a man一致,而与其邻近的复形名词a bilities 形式上一致。
二、主谓一致注意要点:1.当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时,往往可根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词采取单数形式。
a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体,则要根据语法一致地原则,谓语动词用复数形式。
a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2.如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时,其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则:如所指为复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;如所指为单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式。
2020-2021年 主谓一致考点解析(Word版附答案)
2020-2021年主谓一致考点解析(Word版附答案)一、主谓一致1. Anna her brother like listening to soft music.A.Both; and B.Neither; nor C.Either; or D.Not only; but also 【答案】A【解析】句意:安娜和她弟弟都喜欢听轻音乐。
根据both---and---两者都---,连接句子两个主语时,谓语动词用复数;Neither----nor----既不---也不---,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则;either---or---或者---或者---,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则;Not only--- but also---不仅---而且---,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则;根据like故选A点睛:both---and---两者都---,连接句子的两个相同成分,例如:Both Lily and Lucy are students.;Neither----nor----既不---也不---,其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成分,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则。
例如:Neither dad nor mum is at home today;either---or---或者---或者---,表示两者之一,两节句子的两个并列成分,,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则。
例如:Either you or me am going there。
2.Not only my classmates but also our English teacher Chinese poems, so we often share their favourite ones.A.like B.liked C.likes D.liking【答案】C【解析】句意:不仅我的同学们而且我的老师都喜欢古诗,因此我们经常分享他们最喜欢的诗。
