雅思写作第一节课课堂讲义

Unit 1 雅思IELTS 考试写作简介雅思考试写作部分在听力和阅读后进行，由两部分组成，TASK1和TASK2。

要求考生在60分钟内完成两篇文章的写作。

普通培训类和学术类考生在写作的考试内容上有一些区别。

两类写作TASK2题目类型基本相同，考试的结构和要求也大体相同，要求在40分钟完成250字左右的议论文。

类似英美国家学校里任课教师布置的课堂讨论作文。

一般要求考生根据自己的知识和经验就一个现象阐明自己的态度和见解，或就一个观点发表自己赞同或反对的观点。

学术类写作TASK 1〔ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE〕要求考生对题目中给出的各类图表加以观察和分析，并根据已知的图表和资料写一篇不少于150字的小短文。

考得较多的有曲线图、柱状图、饼状图、表格、饼图等。

也有可能考到两种不同种类的图。

另外，流程图和示意图也偶尔考到。

时间20分钟。

普通培训类写作TASK1〔GENERAL TRAINING MODULE〕则要求考生就某个假设的场景写一封信. 到目前为止，出现较多的书信种类有投诉信、请求信、建议信、寻找失物信、邀请信等。

20分钟内完成150个字的文章。

总之，就题目的难度而言，GENERAL TRAINING MODULE 普通类写作比ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE学术类写作稍微简单一些。

评分标准The examiner reads your answer and awards band score of between 1(did not answer the question) and 9 (native speaker-like ) according to these criteria: • 1.Task Response (i.e. how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task; the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant,developed and supported; the extent to which the candidate's position isclear and effective)• 2.Coherence and Cohesion (i.e. how well the information and ideas are organized and presented i.e. paragraphing; how well the information is linked) • 3.Lexical Resource (i.e. the range of vocabulary used, how accurately it is used and how appropriate it is for the task)• 4.Grammatical Range and Accuracy (i.e. the range of structures used, how accurately they are used and how appropriate they are for the task)The band scores are then added together divided by 3 and rounded to determine your band score for this task.Writing Overall Band = 1 / 3* Task1 + 2 / 3*Task2For example: Task1 =6Task2 =7Overall Band = 1 / 3* 6 + 2 / 3*7=Unit 2 曲线图1.描述上升的单词increase rise grow go up词汇升级：creep up ≤10edge up 10 ease up 20boom 30 surge 45 soar 60 swell 70 escalate 80 rocket 902．描述下降的单词decrease drop decline fall go down词汇升级：creep down ≤10edge down 10 ease down 20ebb 30 subside 45 slump 60 collapse 70 plunge 80 plummet 903．描述波动的单词fluctuate --- fluctuation go up and down rise and fall例：Sales of Computers 1995There was a slight growth in the sales of computers from Jan to Feb. However, they increased dramatically to a peak in the next month. After that, there was a downward trend in sales between Mar and Aug, which leveled off by the end of Dec.Task 1每部分的结构:例题分析example 1WRITING TASK 1You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the number of passengers in a London underground station at different times of the day.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.Number of passengers at a London underground stationThe line graph illustrates the fluctuation in the number of people at a London underground station over the course of a day.开头段三种万能方法：①改单词②换句型③加信息The busiest time of the day is in the morning. There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the station at 8 o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to less than 200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and 2 pm the number rises, with a plateau of just under 300 people using the station.In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the station at 4 pm. There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6 pm. After 7 pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing off after 9 pm.Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the early morning (around 08:00) and early evening (around 18:00) periods.例题分析2:Sample 2WRITING TASK 1---“例2”You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the annual amount of fish caught in North America from 1972 to 2000.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.line graph with two linesThe graph reveals changes in fish catches for the US and Canada over the last 30 years.Between 1975 and 1981, US fish catches averaged between 2.5 and 2.75 million tons per year, while Canadian landings fluctuated between 600,000 and 900,000 tons. …In 1981, however, there was a significant increase in fish caught in the US, and this rise continued and peaked at 5.6 million tons in 1991. During the same period, Canada's catch went up from 1 million tons to 1.6 million tons, a growth of over 50%.From 1991 onwards, a sudden decline in fish catching was reported in both countries. US figures plummeted to 4 million tons in 2001, a drop of 28%, and Canadian catches plunged to 0.5 million tons, a decrease of 66%. In the following four years, US catches remained stable at 4 million tons, while Canadian catches rose and fell around the 0.5 million tons mark.In general, fish catches have declined drastically in both the US and Canada since the early 1990s. Although Canadian production was much lower, it echoed US figures, declining or increasing at the same rate.习题③You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.The line chart illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams)However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.450425202125American Consumer’s Expenditure Russian Consumer’s Expenditure Words Illustration Sample sentence程度大, 斜率大于1 considerablydramaticallysharply=steeplysignificantlytremendouslyimmenselynoticeablyrapidlysubstantiallyIt rises dramatically=Thereis a dramatical increase in thenumber of …=We canwitness a dramatical increasein the percentage of …maximally三根或以上曲线中程度最大程度小，斜率小于1 slightlygentlyslowlysteadilysubtlyminimallyIt rises gently=There is agentle increase in the numberof …=We can witness aslight increase in thepercentage of …三根或以上曲线中程度最大程度中等，接近于1 moderatelyin moderationmedium(adj.)It rises moderately=There isamedium growth in thenumber of…=The numberof…is in moderation.比较地comparativelyrelatively A BCDB 曲线必须说成It risescomparatively gently,以区别于A曲线It rises sharply.即遇上两根相同变化幅度的曲线就要用上。