上海中考英语专项冲刺专项六:首字母填空
上海中考英语专项冲刺专项六:首字母填空一一首字母填空
【题型介绍】
首字母填空共7个,每道2分,共计14分,占阅读部分的28%,占试卷总分的%;文章篇幅精悍,字数约250-300之间,重点考查5大词类:名词动词形容词副词代词;首字母填空对学生语言知识要求较高,
需要运用词法、句法甚至文章里涉及的一些背景知识去认真分析答题才有可能拿到总分值;我们在平时练习时有可能会碰到一些出的比较卖弄、奇葩,甚至超出初中生知识范围的首字母题目,放心,这种情况在中考中决然不会岀现,纵观近几年中考真题,都未超出一般初中生的认知范围。
该题型对学生词汇应用及语境分析综合能力要求极高,是拉开区分度的重要题型,很多考生中考成绩140左右,和145+的考生,相差的那么几分往往就是因为这一题型。首字母填空真的难吗一一是!但是,如果方法得当,再加上三分天赋和七分努力,拿到总分值也是极有可能的。下而就该题型进行详细剖析。如果广大师生有更好的秘籍,可以留言分享哦~ (该篇文章发表于公众号:上海初高中英语期〕
【首字母考查】
基础词汇知识的掌握和运用
词语短语搭配的使用
语境中辨析词性的能力
文章逻辑关系的理解
语言综合运用能力
【首字母常见疑惑及对策】
看不懂文章意思;
文章大意看懂了,但仍然不能锁定目标词汇;
知道该填什么词,但想不出该词的英文;
终于想出了,但是由于单复数,时态,比较级没兼顾到;
如上种种,我们都可以得出一个共同的结论:该生词汇一定是不过关的,此外,还有粗心等不良学习习惯,不仅首字母,在其他地方也会犯诸如动词时态或
三单一,名词单复数等粗心错误。如果岀现这些情况了,我们还是建议先从基础
词汇抓起吧,把词汇熟背后再学习首字母答题技巧,这样才能更快更好提高,不然,可能是既浪费时间又浪费精力一-你必须要求一定词汇量,即你个人的词库供你去搜索,当然了,这个库越大越丰富越好。没有什么一蹴而就的万能法那么,
熟记考纲单词,多做多总结是大多数总分值同学的方法。
【首字母答题步骤】
Step2:了解词性处理方法后,多做综合的''用所给单词的正确形式填空〃,有利于提高对所缺空词性的判断能力。熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是通向首字母填空的第二步。
Step3:锻炼自己的发散和归纳思维的能力,或称为 ''猜谜〃的能力。
【方法总结】
(一)通读全文
完型填空所填的单词要使各句句子意思完整,上下文相互衔接,因此, 在落
笔作提前一定要先通读全文,基本把握语篇的大意。
(二〕根据固定用法以及词组的搭配
有些空格与固定搭配或词组表达法有关,要充分利用自己平时所积累的词组搭配来考虑填什么词。
(三)运用语法知识
剖析结构,判断所需的词是什么词类。女口,修饰名词一般用形容词;修饰动词一般用副词。名词前常会有冠词、代词;动词前可能有情态动词、助动词等。如果是两个分句,就得看两句之间的关系。假设两句中的一句从属于另一句,就得用从属连词;假设是并列关系,那么用并列连词,然后根据意义考虑是时间、地点、原因还是方式,是转折还是因果关系,来决定用什么连词。另外,在根据文中意义决定了所填的词之后,还要注意使用它的正确形式。如,名词要注意单、复数;人称代词要注意主格、宾格或所有格;冬刺要注意时态、语态或非谓语形式;形容词、副词要注意比较级和最高级等。
【专题精讲】
首字母高频词汇
A字母开头的:名词:
ability accident activity actor actress addition a
ddress advantage advertisement aim all ambition amo
unt answer area attention
代词:
all another any anybody anything
形容词:
able accurate active all ancient angry another any a
ttractive automatic available awful
副词:
abroad actually after again ago ahead all almost a long already also always angrily anywhere as 动词:
accept achieve add afford allow answer apologize
appear arrange attack attract
介词:
about above across after against along among around as
B字母开头的:
名词:
balance base beginning being best (最好的人或物)bit bl ock book bottom break(休息)breath broadcast business businessman 代词:
both
形容词:
c 字母开头的: 名词:
y chemical chemistry choice cigarette
动词:
connect consist control copy correct create D 字母开头的: 名词:
brave
副词: back before behind best both besides
动词: beat bite book borrow born break
介词: before
by behind below beside besides
bad beautiful best better boring both
between
call cancel
capital case cause century chance charit
circle citizen class collection college color
company competition
concert
conclusion
control cross culture custom
customer
形容词:
careful certain changeable cheap 的) cold common complete confident
chemical close (近
convenient corre
ct
crazy 副词: crowded confident
carefully
certainly
clearly
close completely
cancel care
cause celebrate change
choose
clear
climb collect compare complain complete confuse
daily dark detail diet difference disaster distance dream 形容词:
副词: Deeply 动词:
decide decorate describe disappear discover disturb drop develop design 介词: down during E 字母开头的: 名词:
trance environment example excuse
exercise experience experiment 代词: each either everybody/everyone
everything
形容词: each easy
educational
either else enjoyable enoug
h every everyday excited
exciting expensive 副词: easily either enough especially
even
ever
everywhere exactly
动词:
e-mai1/emai1 enable encourage
end enjoy enter
equal
escape examine expect explain
express
difficulty dangerous different
difficult
dull disappointed
earth earthquake education effect end energy en
介词: excep t F 字母开头的: 名词:
fable fact favor female figure finger
fisherman
fore
cast foreigner form France
freedom French friend friendship fuel
fun
fu
rniture
future
形容词:
fair favourite first fit
following
foreign
forge
tful freezing fresh familiar
副词: habit health heart heat height history hobby holid
ay hope housework humour
形容词:
hardworking healthy helpful historical hungry
far finally
first
动词: fail
fit fix
focus
G 字母开头的: 名词: game gas geography greenhouse guest
形容词:
general glad good 副词:gently 动词:gain get H 字母开头的: 名词:
forever follow frighten
goal grade graduate
great
horrible
副词:
动词:kick know L 字母开头的:
ow happily hard however hardly heavily here home
动词: hang
happen
hate
heat
hesitate
hold hope
unt hurry I 字母开头的:
名词: hur t
idea
income
industry information invention
in
ventor invitation island
形容词: important
impossible
independent
interested
nteresting
副词:
immediately in 动词:
imagine improve introduce 介词: inside into inside instead
include increase
interview
J 字母开头的:
名词:
jam journalist journey joy
judge
副词:just 动词:joke judge
K 字母开头的:
名词:kind
kindergarten
knowledge