中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词.

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中考英语阅读词汇猜词义方法

中考英语阅读词汇猜词义方法

中考英语阅读词汇猜词义方法2017中考英语阅读词汇猜词义方法中考英语阅读复习的次数固然重要,但复习的程度也重要。

这里所谓复习的成都就是指“单词记熟的程度”。

复习的质量还取决于复习的方式。

下面店铺为大家整理了英语阅读词汇猜词义解析,下面具体看看吧!1、根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在but,however,yet,otherwise,though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中,其前后的词有明显的对比关系,根据已知的内容,通过这种对比关系,就很容易猜出生词的词义了。

例如:Though Tom‘s face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains grubby。

和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了,因此可猜出句中grubby 的意思是“肮脏的”。

2、根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义在be,becalled,call等判断词出现的判断句中,可以根据已知部分,猜测生词的含义。

例如:A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter。

通过理解定语从句的意思,能猜出carpenter是“木匠”。

3、通过因果关系猜测词义because,since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词,so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词,so。

that与such。

that 中的that是连接结果状语从句的。

当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中,通过因果关系,依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。

英语培训例如:She wanted the bairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long。

根据because从句所讲的意思,我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。

4、根据生活常识猜测词义运用逻辑推理能力,自身的生活经验及生活常识。

英语 阅读理解 不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!

英语 阅读理解 不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!

英语阅读理解不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!在英语学习中,阅读理解是许多学生感到挑战的环节。

其中一个难题就是遇到不认识的单词。

这时,掌握一些猜词技巧就显得尤为重要。

下面为大家介绍8个实用的猜词技巧,帮助大家更好地应对阅读中的生词问题。

首先,我们要学会利用上下文线索。

在阅读过程中,上下文往往能给我们提供很多关于生词的信息。

通过阅读前后文,我们可以猜测生词的大致含义。

例如,如果生词出现在一个物品的描述中,我们可以尝试根据其他已知词汇来推断这个生词可能表示的物品特征。

其次,词根词缀法也是一个有效的猜词方法。

许多英语单词都有词根和词缀,通过了解这些词根和词缀的含义,我们可以更好地理解生词。

例如,单词"invisible",它的词根是"vis",表示看得见,而词缀"-ible"表示可……的,因此我们可以推断出"invisible"表示看不见的。

同类词汇比较也是猜词的好方法。

在阅读中,如果遇到不认识的形容词或副词,我们可以尝试寻找与之同类的已知词汇,从而推测其含义。

例如,如果我们不知道"exquisite"这个单词的意思,可以找到与之同类的词汇如"beautiful"、"fine"等,从而猜测出其表示精美、精致的意思。

此外,我们还可以运用常识判断。

在某些情况下,生词的含义与我们的生活常识相符。

例如,在读到一篇关于太空的文章时,遇到一个表示宇宙飞船的生词,我们可以根据常识判断出它的意思。

语法判断也是一个实用的技巧。

有些生词在句子中担任特定角色,如动词、名词等。

通过了解句子结构和生词在句子中的作用,我们可以推测出其含义。

例如,如果生词在一个句子中作谓语,那么它很可能是一个表示动作的动词。

图片或图表辅助法在阅读理解中也很实用。

有些文章会配有图片或图表,通过观察这些视觉辅助材料,我们可以更好地理解生词的含义。

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词.

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词.

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词在阅读的时候,常常会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧:1. 通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。

有时文章借助关联词(如because ,as ,since ,for ,so ,thus ,as a result,of course,therefore 等等表示前因后果。

例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通过for 引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错,可猜出blame 的词义是" 责备" 。

2. 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and 或or 连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay 这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planetsVenus ,Mars ,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星、Mars(火星、Jupiter(木星均为生词,但只要知道planets 就可猜出这几个词都属于" 行星" 这一义域。

通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but ,while ,however 等;二是看与not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely ,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely 的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3. 通过构词法猜词在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。

英语阅读中的猜词技巧

英语阅读中的猜词技巧

英语阅读中的猜词技巧英语阅读中的猜词技巧在英语阅读中,我们自然会遇到许多生词。

下面是店铺分享的英语阅读中的猜词技巧,欢迎大家阅读!一、针对性解释针对性解释是作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。

这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较容易。

1.根据定义猜测词义如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。

例如:Anthropology is the scientific study of man.由定义可知,anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。

In slang the term “jam” constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.同样,从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。

定义句的谓语动词多为:be,mean,deal with,be considered,to be,refer to,be called,be known as,define,represent,signify,constitute等。

2.根据复述猜测词义虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细,但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。

复述部分可以是适当词、短语或是从句。

同位语,例如:Semantics,the study of the meaning of words,is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。

该短语与前面生词semantics是同位关系,因此我们不难猜出semantics指“语义学”。

在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等。

英语 阅读理解 不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!

英语 阅读理解 不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!

英语阅读理解不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!在英语学习中,阅读理解是许多学生感到困惑和挑战的环节。

其中,遇到不认识的单词是阅读过程中的常见问题。

为了更好地解决这一问题,这里为大家介绍8个实用的猜词技巧,帮助大家提高英语阅读能力。

一、上下文线索在阅读过程中,关注上下文信息,尤其是前置词、介词、连词等,可以帮助我们了解单词在句子中的角色和含义。

例如,当句子中出现“although”、“though”等转折连词时,前后句意思可能存在转折关系,这时可以根据已知词汇推测不认识单词的词义。

二、词根词缀法词根词缀法是根据单词的构成部分来猜测词义。

了解常见的词根、词缀及其含义,可以帮助我们分析生词的基本含义。

例如,单词“interact”(互动),我们可以分析出“inter-”(相互)+“act”(行动)→ 相互行动,即互动。

三、同类词汇归纳法在阅读中,可以根据已知词汇的类别,归纳出陌生单词的可能类别。

例如,已知“dog”(狗)、“cat”(猫)等词汇,可以推测出“puppy”(小狗)、“kitten”(小猫)等生词的含义。

四、反义词推测法根据已知词汇的反义词,可以推测生词的词义。

例如,已知“old”(老)为“young”(年轻)的反义词,那么遇到“senior”(高级)时,可以猜测其与“junior”(初级)为反义关系。

五、常识判断法在阅读过程中,可以根据生活常识和所学知识来判断生词的含义。

例如,在描述食物的文章中,遇到“baguette”(法棍面包)这个生词,可以根据法国美食的常识来判断其词义。

六、语法分析法分析句子结构和语法规则,可以帮助我们了解生词在句子中的作用。

例如,当生词位于名词所有格或双重所有格时,可以猜测其为某个名词的属性或所有物。

七、联系生活实际法将生词与现实生活中的事物、情境相联系,可以帮助我们更好地理解词义。

例如,在学习科技文章时,遇到“nanometer”(纳米)这个生词,可以联系生活中的纳米材料、纳米技术等实际例子来推测其含义。

中考英语阅读理解猜测生词词义的技巧

中考英语阅读理解猜测生词词义的技巧

中考英语阅读理解猜测生词词义的技巧阅读中,我们不可避免地会碰到一些生词。

若我们不能通过一些技巧猜测出其含义,就会影响我们对文章的理解。

相反,若我们掌握一些猜词技巧猜出这些生词的含义,就可以大大地有助于我们对文章的理解。

下面就为同学们介绍一些猜测词义的技巧:1. 通过构词法知识猜测词义掌握一定构词知识会大大地有助于我们的阅读。

这样,对于阅读中遇到的有些生词,我们就可以根据构词法知识来猜测其意义。

例如:When it snows, children like to make snowmen.句中的snowman 一词,虽然我们在课本中没有学习,但通过分析其构成snow + man 就不难猜出其词义“雪人”。

She said that was the most unforgettable day in her life.句中的unforgettable 是我们没有学过的生词,但我们却可以通过构词法知识猜出其含义,其构成方法是这样的:un+ forget(t)+able,词根forget 是教材中学过的单词,意为“忘记”等,后缀able 用于构成形容词,前缀un 表示否定意义,故该词意为“不可忘记的、令人难忘的”。

A: Are you having breakfast or lunch?B: Oh, I am having brunch.文中的brunch 为生词,但我们却可以根据构词知识猜出其含义,它是由breakfast 和lunch 两词采用截留法构成的,取的是breakfast 的前两个字母br- 和lunch 的后四个字母-unch,故其意为“早午餐合而为一餐;早中饭”。

2. 通过文中的定义猜测词义有时,文中已就生词采取直接定义的方法来解释和阐明生词的词义,以帮助读者理解其含义。

例如:A roof is the top of a house or building.文中的roof 为生词,但根据其定义不难猜出其意为“屋顶,房顶”。

中考英语阅读理解填词解题技巧

中考英语阅读理解填词解题技巧

中考英语阅读理解填词解题技巧(永红)中考英语阅读理解填词解题技巧永红1通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系然后才能猜词有时文章借助关联词如becauseassinceforsothusas a resultof coursetherefore等等表示前因后果例如You shouldnt have blamed him for thatfor it wasnt his fault通过for引出的句子所表示的原因那不是他的错可猜出blame的词义是"责备"2通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词猜词一是要看由and或or 连接的同义词词组如happy and gay即使我们不认识gay这个词也可以知道它是愉快的意思二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词如Man has known something about the planets VenusMarsand Jupiter with the help of spaceships此句中的Venus 金星Mars 火星Jupiter 木星均为生词但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域通过反义词猜词一是看表转折关系的连词或副词如butwhilehowever等二是看与not搭配的或表示否认意义的词语如He is so homelynot at all as handsome as his brother根据not at allhandsome我们不难推测出homely的意思即不英俊不漂亮的意思3通过构词法猜词在阅读文章时我们总会遇上一些新词汇有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用此时如掌握了一些常用的词根前缀后缀等语法知识这些问题便不难解决了4通过定义或释义关系来推测词义例如But sometimesno rain falls for alonglong timeThen there is a dry periodor drought 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨于是便有一段干旱的时期即drought由此可见drought意思为"久旱""旱灾"而a dry period和drought是同义语这种同义或释义关系常由isorthat isin other wordsbe called或破折号等来表示5通过句法功能来推测词义例如Bananasorangespineapplescoconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas假设pineapples和coconuts是生词我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思从句中不难看出pineapplescoconuts和bananasoranges是同类关系同属fruit类因此它们是两样水果准确地说是菠萝和椰子6通过描述猜词描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或在特征的描写例如The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South PoleIt is fat and walks in a funny wayAlthough it cannot flyit can swim in the icy water to catch the fish从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性短文改写填空型阅读理解题的解答技巧是首先通读全文对文章的大意有个初步的了解同时找出文章中的关键句在有限的时间迅速抓住文章的要点然后纵览缩写后的短文在了解其大意的同时确定所要填写的容即词语或短语是否与文段中的相一致填写时一定要仔细比方有的属于固定搭配有的句子是文中原句的同义句这些只要稍加注意就可防止出错同时还要注意动词时态人称名词单复数是否有误首字母是否大写句子的主谓搭配是不是合理等最后将改写后的文章再通读一遍看看改写后的短文是否流畅语句是否通顺同时还要照顾到原文看改写后的短文是否与原文意思相符合My grandfather was a teacher He was the headmaster of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen I know that he was a kind man because when I was young and he was old he gave me presents and sat me on his knees and told me stories But I believe the boys at his school were afraid of him At school when he walked into a room full of noisy boys they stopped talking at once When he looked at a boy with a certain 某种look in his eyes that boy was red in the faceand looked down at his shoes If a boy brought him poor careless work my grandfather picked up the boys book and threw it across the room shouting Do it all again and bring it back first thing in the morning If the boy was late or if he forgot to bring his work he had to do it again and again and yet again My grandfather never forgot At school he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home根据短文容改写每个空格只限填写一个单词When I was young I studied at a 1 school We were all 2 thirteen and eighteen Our headmaster was 3 old man He was kind but all of 4 were afraid of him For example we were playing talking and laughing 5 he came in at once the classroom became quiet If a boy didnt 6 his homework well or carefully he would be very 7 and asked the boy to do it again and 8 But his 9 told he never did things 10 that at home1boys答案就在短文的第一句话之中但要注意词形的转换这里要用名词所有格形式2between文章第一句中的of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen是答案的依据3an这个小题比较简单用不着联系短文容仅凭语法知识就能解答old以元音音素开头所以填写不定冠词an4us由But I believe the boys at his school were afraid of him可知孩子们都害怕他短文是以第一人称的口吻写的而改写的短文那么是以学生们的身份写的弄清了这一点此空即能做出5when短文第二自然段开头的那句话同样是一个以when引导的时间状语从句6do/finish 由If a boy brought him poor careless work这句话不难联想到是学生没有认真做完成作业7angry由If a boy brought him poor careless work my grandfather would pick up the boys book and throw it across the roomshouting这句话可知如果某个男孩没有很好地完成作业祖父就会把那位学生的书本扔到外面并大声训斥他重做显然祖父是因为生气了才这么做的8again由If the boy was late or if he forgot to bring the work he would have to do it again and again and yet again这句话可以确定此空要填写again一词9grandson原文是从the headmaster的子的角度写爷爷在学校与在家里的不同表现的联系第一自然段和At school he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home这句话可知填写grandson是最恰当的10like通常全文可知作者想表达的意思是祖父在学校里的表现与在家中的表现截然不同换言之那么是祖父在学校的表现从来都不象在家中的样子由此可以得出这里要填介词like 像一样In the future machines will be improved and do more and more work for man Few people have to work for long hours Man will have more time for leisure How will he usethis leisure in the world of tomorrow Certainly he will still need holidays In the future the puter will help people to find the right place The puter will ask them questions which they will answer by pressing a button It抣l also show them pictures and they will say which ones they like then the puter will tell them wghere to find the place they want for holiday TV will be used more in education It will also help people to use their leisure time well There will be more programmes on how to make and how to do thingsIn the future people will certainly have to do less work Machines will take more and more work from man This means that the rest of the time will be mostly leisure time Some scientists say that man of the future will be able to get enough pleasure and enjoyment on his own without going anywhere According to other scientists a man will put on a small cap The cap will make him see feel and hear all kinds of enjoyable things 根据短文容完成以下各题1In the future _____ will do more and more work for man so man will do _____ work2People will spend more time _____ _____ in the future3_____ _____ can help us to find the place where we want to spend our holiday 4TV will be more useful in _____ and help people use their _____ time well5People will live an enjoyable life _____ going _____1 machines less 由第一段可知在将来机器会代替人类做更多的工作所以人类的工作会更少2 for leisureenjoying themselves 由第一段Man will have more time for leisure一句可知人们将会有更多的时间休息3 The puter 由第三段可知电脑将会帮助人类找到他们想要度假的地方4 education leisure 由文中TV will be used more in education It will also help people to use their leisure time well 两句中得到答案5 without anywhere 在文章最后一段Some scientists say that man of the future will be able to get enough pleasure and enjoyment on his own without going anywhere 中可得知答案In court 法庭the judge asks the boy named Henry some questionsJudge Can you tell us how the accident happenedHenry Yes sir The farmer drove very fast when I met with him His car knocked me down and hurt my armJudge To the farmer Was that rightFarmer No sir But it rained heavily and I couldnt drive fastJudge So you dont think you knocked him downFarmer Yes I did But I didnt see him mending his bike in the middle of the roadJudge Well Did you send him to a hospitalFarmer Yes But the doctor said there was nothing serious to himJudge To Henry Do you agree with himHenry Yes sir But my left arm often hurts and I cant lift it at allJudge Could you show us how you can lift it nowHenry Sure Slowly the boy lifts his arm below his noseJudge Poor boy And how high could you lift it before the accidentHenry Oh I could lift it very high like this Holding his left arm up over his headJudge But I dont think theres something wrong with your armHenry IISo it is But my lawyer 律师tells me to do so根据上面的对话在短文的空白处填写一个适当的词使短文容与对话意思相符It happened on a 1 _________ day A boy named Henry was 2 _________ his bike on the road while a farmers 3 ______ knocked him down The farmer sent him to a hospital and the doctor said nothing 4 ________ happened to the boy But his parents hoped the boy could be paid more 5 _________ for it They asked for a lawyers 6 _______ The lawyer taught the boy 7 ______ to say in court Henry told the judge his arm hurt and that he couldnt 8 ________ it up The judge asked him to show it to him He could lift it below his nose The judge asked him how 9 _______ he could lift it before the accident The boy 10 ___________ what the lawyer said and lifted it over his headDear editorI am not a good-looking boy and I am not good at studying either Some people dont even want to talk to me So I usually feel lonely Sometimes I think that if I want to leave home nobody will care How can I stop feeling like thisPeterDear PeterBut first I am sure that you are wrong that nobody will care if you leave your home What about your parents And other family members It seems that you are very sad Youd better go to see a doctor or talk to your parents They can help you Second Im sure theres someone in your class who feels lonely too You never know how other people feel inside Try to make friends with them Or you join a club to meet new people and to keep yourself busy You need to find happiness in yourself Write a list of all the good things about yourself Learn to like yourself and then others will see your confidence 信心and like you tooEditor1 Peter isnt good at and he feels __________2 He writes to the editor to ask for _______ because he wants to _______feeling lonely3 If Peter joins a club he can new people and keep busy4 The editor suggests 建议that Tom should talk to a and his5 Peter is lack of 缺少and he needs to find ________ in himself1 studying lonely2 help stop3 meet himself4 doctor parents5 confidence happinessOnce Ei tei gave a lecture in many place in America.His driver alway listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure he could give it himself.So Ei tei agreed that the driver gave the lecture him.Nobody knew Ei tei there the driver gave the lecture for Ei tei that evening.At first he was a bit afraid but Ei tein s smile made him feel better.He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleased.The the driver started to leave and Ei tei followed him without a word.When they got to the door aman asked the driver a difficult question.The driver said that the question was very easy and told the man to ask his driver behind to answer it.根据短文容填空每空限填一词Ei tei gave the 1 ______ lecture again and again.His driver 2 ______ to his lecture too many times 3 ______ he wanted to give it 4 ______.When Ei tei knew it he let the driver 5 ______ the lecture for him that night.The driver gave a 6 ______ lecture and the great scientist was quite pleased.When they were 7 ______ the lecture room a man asked the driver a question.To show 8 ______easy the question was the driver asked Ei tei who followed him 9 ______ to answer it 10 ______ of him.KEY 1.same 2.listened 3.that 4.himself 5.give 6.good 7.leaving 8.how 9.quietly behind 10.instead外语下载中心外语下载中心。

英语阅读理解的猜词技巧

英语阅读理解的猜词技巧

英语阅读理解的猜词技巧英语阅读理解的猜词技巧学会猜词是英语阅读理解中的一个重要技巧,今天呢,店铺就为大家推荐英语阅读理解的猜词技巧,希望能帮到大家哦~英语阅读理解的猜词技巧1.构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。

掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。

如:unforeseeable.这个词,可以根据构词法把它拆成un,fore,see,able;其中see是词根,fore是“先,前,预”的含义,un是否定,able是“能……的,可……的”,因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。

2.利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中,有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构,这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。

统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or,这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分,并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的,由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域,甚至推出它的大致词义。

3.利用反义词猜词对比是描述,说明事物的常用方式。

在对比中,对比的事物是互为相反的,因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。

利用反义词来说明生词的意义,如反义词hot and cold,perfect and imperfect,甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等,在句内词与词之间,在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。

4.利用上下文语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。

利用上下文提供的情景和线索,进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义,是阅读过程中的一大关键,这也是近年来高考考查的热点。

特别提醒:在做英语阅读理解题时,一定要注意熟词生义!这类猜词题也常见于各年高考题当中。

熟词生义比生词本身的'障碍要大得多。

原因有三:其一,高考对生词的数量有数量的规定,不得超过3%;其二,熟词生义很容易引起考生的误解;其三,熟词生义的数量没有限制。

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中考英语阅读理解解题技巧:猜词
在阅读的时候,常常会遇到一些生词,影响我们的阅读速度,其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来,下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧:
1. 通过因果关系猜词
通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。

有时文章借助关联词(如because ,as ,since ,for ,so ,thus ,as a result,of course,therefore 等等表示前因后果。

例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通过for 引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错,可猜出blame 的词义是" 责备" 。

2. 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and 或or 连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay 这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets
Venus ,Mars ,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星、Mars(火星、Jupiter(木星均为生词,但只要知道planets 就可猜出这几个词都属于" 行星" 这一义域。

通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but ,while ,however 等;二是看与not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely ,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely 的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3. 通过构词法猜词
在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。

4. 通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time. Then there is a dry period,or drought. 从drought 所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought ,由此可见drought 意思为" 久旱" ," 旱灾" 。

而a dry period 和drought 是同义语。

这种同义或释义关系常由is ,or ,that is,in other words,be called或破折号等来表示。

5. 通过句法功能来推测词义
例如:Bananas ,oranges ,pineapples ,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas. 假如pineapples 和coconuts 是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。

从句中不难看出pineapples ,coconuts 和bananas ,oranges 是同类关系,同属fruit 类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。

6. 通过描述猜词
描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。

例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin 是一种生活在南极的鸟类。

后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

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