小学英语语法Be动词的用法归纳整理总结

小学英语语法Be动词的用法归纳整理总结
小学英语语法Be动词的用法归纳整理总结

小学语法—Be动词

一、Be动词的形式

Be动词的原形为:Be

Be动词的一般现在时有三种形式,即:am is are(翻译为“是”“在”)Be动词的一般过去时有二种形式,即:was were(翻译为“是”“在”)二、Be动词的用法

Be动词确切的说,它属于系动词

(1)am is are与人称代词的搭配的用法

Be的否定句就是在be后加not,下表是缩写,但是am not不能缩写

人称一般现在时一般现在时

主语汉语肯定否定主语汉语肯定否定第一

人称

I我am am not we我们are aren′t 第二

人称

you你are aren′t you你们are aren′t

第三人称

he他is isn′t

they

他们

are aren′t she她is isn′t她们

it它is isn′t它们

单三

主语

is isn′t

复数

主语

are aren′t

eg:I am a student.我是个学生。(I am可缩写成I′m)We are students.我们是学生。(We are可缩写成We′re)

You are twelve years old.你十二岁了。(You are可缩写成You′re)They are at school.他们在学校。(They are可缩写成They′re)She is my mother.她是我的妈妈。(She is可缩写成She′s)

He is my father.他是我的爸爸。(He is可缩写成He′s)

It is a book.它是一本书。(It is可缩写成It′s)

Be动词小口诀

我(I)用am,你(you)用are。

is连着他(he),她(she),它(it)。

单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。

变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫忘弃。

变否定,更容易,be后not就可以。

疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑

还有一条要牢记,any要把some替。

注意:主语第三人称单数除了he she it以外,还有很多,这些词作主语,Be 动词要用is,实意动词要用第三人称单数形式。单三主语分类如下:

a.单个人名或者地名:lucy、Beijing、Miss Wang

eg:Lucy looks like her mother.露西看起来像她妈妈。

Beijing is in China.北京在中国

Miss Wang is our English teacher.王老师是我们的英语老师。

b.单数可数名词和this/that+单数可数名词:a horse、the cat

this book、that girl

eg:A horse is a helpful animal.马是有用的动物。

This book is yours.这本书是你的。

That car is red.那辆车是红色的。

c.不定代词someone、nobody、everything、something

指示代词this、that。

eg:Everyone is here.大家都来了。

This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。

That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。

d.不可数名词作主语时

eg:The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。

The bread is very small.面包很小。

(2)was were与人称代词的搭配的用法

人称一般过去时一般过去时

主语汉语肯定否定主语汉语肯定否定第一

人称

I我was wasn′t we我们were weren′t 第二

人称

you你were weren′t you你们were weren′t

第三人称

he他was wasn′t

they

他们

were weren′t she她was wasn′t她们

it它was wasn′t它们

单三

主语

was wasn′t

复数

主语

were weren′t

注:用法同am is are用法类似。

eg:I was born in1998.我出生于1998年。

He was a doctor three years ago.他三年前是个医生。

She was at home yesterday.她昨天在家。

It was Monday yesterday.昨天是星期一。

Mike wasn't at home this morning.迈克今天早上不在家。

You were at home yesterday.你昨天在家。

They were at the playground an hour ago.一小时前他们在操场上。

We were singing in the room an hour ago.

一小时前我们还在房间里唱歌。

三、助动词Be的用法

Be除了作系动词外,它还可以作助动词,无词义,辅助主要动词构成时态和语态

(1)“be+doing”构成进行时态,这里的be动词就是一个助动词。

eg:The girl is reading books.这个女孩正在读书。

I'm having an English class.我正在上英语课。

(2)“be+done”构成被动语态,此be动词就是一个助动词。(小学不涉及)eg:The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建的。

Our classroom is cleaned by us every day..

我们的教室每天都由我们打扫。

(3)“be+going to”构成将来时态,这里的be动词就是一个助动词。

eg:We are going to play football tomorrow.我们明天要踢足球。

She is going to do her homework.她将要做作业。

四、Be动词变一般疑问句和否定句

(1)Be动词变否定很容易,be后直接加not。遇到some变any。

eg:Mike and Liu Tao are at school.迈克和刘涛在学校。→

Mike and Liu Tao aren′t at school.迈克和刘涛不在学校。

I was a student five years ago.5年前我是一名学生。→

I wasn′t a student five years ago.5年前我不是一名学生。

(2)Be动词变一般疑问句:①找be②提到句首互换大小写③句末改成“?”

④一、二人称互换,三人称不变,遇到some变any。

特殊情况:I am a girl.---Are you a girl?

eg:These are apples.这些是苹果。→

Are these apples?这些是苹果吗?

They were very polite.他们很有礼貌。→

Were they very polite?他们很有礼貌吗?

回答:

●--Are you+单数?

--Yes,I am.--No,I′m not.●--Were you+单数?

--Yes,I was.--No,I wasn′t.

●--Are you+复数?

--Yes,We are.No,We aren′t.●--Were you+复数?

--Yes,We were.No,We weren′t.

●--Is he/she/it a...? --Yes,he/she/it is.

--No,he/she/it isn’t.●--Was he/she/it a...? --Yes,he/she/it was. --No,he/she/it wasn′t.

●--Are they……?

--Yes,They are.No,They aren′t ●--Were they……?

--Yes,They were.No,They weren′t

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