副本巴西ENCE新老标准对比
新老C-NCAP的区别
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km/h 提高到 64 1 km/h；
增加低速后碰撞颈部保护试验（即“鞭打试验” ） ，并给予 4 分的评分； 增加对于汽车电子稳定控制装置（即 ESC）的 1 分加分； 评价总分由 51 分修改为 62 分，星级划分标准进行修改； 完善第二章有关运行管理的相关内容；
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修改与上述变更内容相关的章条。
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7．声明 C-NCAP 是中国汽车技术研究中心（CATARC）研究开发的中国新车评价规程。中国汽车技术 研究中心保留对 C-NCAP 的全部权利。未经中国汽车技术研究中心许可，除企业自行进行技术开 发的试验外，不允许其他机构使用 C-NCAP 对汽车产品进行公开性或商业目的的试验或评价。 C-NCAP 评价车型的试验结果、得分及星级仅对所购买的型号及配置的车型有效。使用 C-NCAP 评价结果的各方应对其真实性、完整性和准确性负责。
《C-NCAP 管理规则（2012 年版） 》于 2012 年 7 月 1 日实施。 因管理规则版本不同， 评价试验方法和项目有所差异， 最终得出的评价结果是没有直接可比 性的。因此，使用 C-NCAP 评价结果的各方应明确该结果是按照哪个版本、什么时间进行的评价 试验和结果发布的，以避免错误使用 C-NCAP 评价结果带来的影响。 中国汽车技术研究中心将保留对 C-NCAP 的全部权利。 随着车辆安全技术的不断发展，C-NCAP 仍会继续研究新的改进方案并加强与各方面的交流 研讨，以不断推动车辆安全技术的进步。
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3.1ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ1
试验车辆 100%重叠正面冲击固定刚性壁障。碰撞速度为 50 0 km/h（试验速度不得低于 50km/h） 。试验车辆到达壁障的路线在横向任一方向偏离理论轨迹均不得超过 150mm。在前排驾 驶员和乘员位置分别放置一个 Hybrid III 型第 50 百分位男性假人，用以测量前排人员受伤害情 况。在第二排座椅最左侧座位上放置一个 Hybrid III 型第 5 百分位女性假人，用以测量第二排 人员受伤害情况。 在第二排最右侧座位上放置一个 P 系列 3 岁儿童假人， 用以考核乘员约束系统 性能及对儿童乘员的保护。 （详见第四章规定的碰撞试验方法） 3.1.2 正面 40%重叠可变形壁障碰撞试验
ISO9001新旧标准要求的比较
ISO 9001:2015 to ISO 9001:2008 质量管理体系新旧版标准要求对照表4 组织的背景环境4.1 理解组织及其背景环境组织应确定与其宗旨和战略方向相关并影响其质量管理体系实现预期结果能力的外部和内部问题（有的译为议题或事务）。
组织应监视和评审这些外部及内部问题的信息。
注1：通过考虑国际、国家、地区或当地的法律、技术、竞争、市场、文化、社会和经济环境方面的问题有助于对外部环境的理解。
注2：通过考虑组织的价值、文化知识和绩效相关的问题有助于对内部环境的理解。
变化点：2008版无此项要素，只在标准的引言0.1的总则部分提及，组织不是孤立的，组织质量管理体系的建立必须考虑其所处的内/外部环境。
4.2理解利益相关方的需求和期望由于利益相关方对组织持续提供符合顾客要求和适用的法律法规要求的产品和服务的能力存在影响或潜在影响，因此组织应确定：a)与质量管理体系有关的利益相关方；b)及其要求；组织应监视和评审这些利益相关方及其要求。
4.3 确定质量管理体系的范围组织应确定质量管理体系的边界和应用，以界定其范围。
当确定该范围时，组织应考虑：a)标准4.1条款提到的外部和内部问题；b)标准4.2条款提到的利益相关方的要求；c)组织的产品和服务。
变化点：2008版基本无此项要求（部分内容在1.2)。
当本标准某一要求在确定范围内能够应用时，组织应采用该要求。
如果本标准的任何要求不能应用时，不应影响组织确保产品和要求符合性的能力或责任。
质量管理体系范围应可获取，并保持形成文件的信息，并阐明：——质量管理体系覆盖的产品和服务；——关于任何不适用要求的正当理由。
变化点：2008版基本无此项要求（部分内容在1.2)。
4.4 质量管理体系及其过程4.4.1 组织应按本标准的要求建立质量管理体系、所需过程及其相互作用，加以实施和保持，并持续改进。
组织应确定质量管理体系所需的过程及其在整个组织中的应用，并确定：a)过程所需的输入和预期的输出；b)过程的顺序和相互作用；c)所需的准则和方法，包括测量和相关绩效指标，质量管理体系4.1 总要求组织应按本标准的要求建立质量管理体系，将其形成文件，加以实施和保持，并持续改进其有效性组织应：a)确定质量管理体系所需的过程及其在整个组织中的应用（见1.2）；b)确定这些过程的顺序和相互作用；c)确定所需的准则和方法，以确保这些过程的有以确保这些过程有效运行和控制；d)所需的资源并确保其可用性；e)这些过程的职责权限分配；f）与6.1条款要求相一致的风险和机遇，并策划和实施相应措施予以应对；g）对过程及过程的变更（必要时）进行监视、测量（适用时）和评价的方法，以确保达到预期结果；h）过程及质量管理体系的改进机会。
GB∕T 14710新版和原版标准差异
GB∕T 14710新版和原版标准差异I. IntroductionA. Background on GB/T 14710B. Purpose of the comparisonC. Brief overview of the differencesII. Scope and definitionsA. Scope of GB/T 14710B. Comparison of the definitions in the new and old versionsC. Implications for the usersIII. Technical requirementsA. Technical requirements in GB/T 14710:2017B. Technical requirements in GB/T 14710:2002C. Comparison of the technical requirementsD. Implications for the usersIV. Evaluation methodsA. Evaluation methods in GB/T 14710:2017B. Evaluation methods in GB/T 14710:2002C. Comparison of the evaluation methodsD. Implications for the usersV. ConclusionA. Summary of the differences between GB/T 14710:2017 and GB/T 14710:2002B. Recommendations for the users and stakeholdersC. Future direction of GB/T 14710VI. ReferencesI. IntroductionA. Background on GB/T 14710GB/T 14710 is a standard that outlines the technical requirements and evaluation methods for formaldehyde emissions from wood-based panels and their products. This standard, which was originally introduced in 2002, has undergone several revisions over the years to keep up with the changing needs of industry and society. The latest revision, GB/T 14710-2017, which was released in March 2018, is meant to replace the previous version.B. Purpose of the comparisonThe purpose of this comparison is to identify the differences between the new and old versions of GB/T 14710, and to evaluate the implications of these differences. By doing so, we hope to provide useful insights for users and stakeholders who are interested in understanding the changes that have occurred in the standard, and to suggest ways in which they can adapt to these changes.C. Brief overview of the differencesSome of the major differences between the new and old versions of GB/T 14710 include changes in scope, definitions, technical requirements, and evaluation methods. For example, the new version extends the scope of the standard to include composite wood flooring, while the old version did not. Additionally, the new version introduces new definitions for terms such as "panel product", "test chamber", and "sample preparation", among others. Technical requirements and evaluation methods have also been revised, reflecting advances in scientific knowledge and changes in industry practices.II. Scope and definitionsA. Scope of GB/T 14710The scope of GB/T 14710 defines the range of products that are covered by the standard. This includes wood-based panels and their products, such as plywood, blockboard, particleboard, MDF (medium-density fiberboard), and composite wood flooring, among others. The new version of the standard has extended the scope to include composite wood flooring, which was not covered by the old version.B. Comparison of the definitions in the new and old versionsThe new version of GB/T 14710 introduces new definitions for several terms that were not defined in the old version. For example, the new version defines "panel product" as a "constructed product" that is made by joining two or more layers of wood-based panels or other materials together. This term was not defined in the old version. Similarly, the new version introduces a definition for "test chamber", which is defined as a "container" that is used to house the test specimens during testing. The old version did not provide a definition for this term.C. Implications for the usersThe updated definitions in the new version of GB/T 14710 have important implications for users. By providing more precise and detailed definitions for key terms, the new version makes it easier for users to understand and apply the standard. This can help to improve the accuracy of testing and evaluation, promote better communication between stakeholders, and enhance the overallquality of wood-based panel products.III. Technical requirementsA. Technical requirements in GB/T 14710:2017The technical requirements in the new version of GB/T 14710 reflect the latest scientific knowledge and industry practices. For example, the new version introduces stricter emission limits for certain formaldehyde products. The updated technical requirements also include new procedures for sample preparation, specimen conditioning, and testing, which are designed to ensure more consistent and accurate results.B. Technical requirements in GB/T 14710:2002The technical requirements in the old version of GB/T 14710 were based on previous scientific knowledge and industry practices. While they were still effective at the time of their publication, they became outdated over time due to advances in technology and changing industry needs.C. Comparison of the technical requirementsThe technical requirements in the new version of GB/T 14710 are more rigorous than those in the old version. For example, the new version introduces a lower emission limit for engineered wood flooring and a stricter "hot-pressed thin board (2mm) test method". The new version also requires the use of more advanced testing equipment and procedures, such as the "small chamber method" and the "large chamber method", which were not required in the old version.D. Implications for the usersThe updated technical requirements in the new version of GB/T 14710 have important implications for users. By requiring more advanced testing procedures and equipment, the new version helps to promote a higher level of quality and safety in wood-based panel products. At the same time, these stricter requirements may also pose challenges for manufacturers and suppliers who are not yet equipped to meet them. To remain competitive in the market and comply with the new requirements, manufacturers and suppliers may need to invest in new equipment and technology, or adjust their production processes.IV. Evaluation methodsA. Evaluation methods in GB/T 14710:2017The evaluation methods in the new version of GB/T 14710 have been updated to reflect advances in scientific knowledge and industry practices. The new version introduces new testing methods, such as the "small chamber method" and the "large chamber method", which are designed to provide more accurate and reliable results. The new version also requires more rigorous sample preparation procedures, including the use of standard conditioning conditions and the measurement of sample dimensions.B. Evaluation methods in GB/T 14710:2002The evaluation methods in the old version of GB/T 14710 were based on previous scientific knowledge and industry practices. While they were still effective at the time of their publication, they became outdated over time due to advances in technology and changing industry needs. The old version did not include some of the more advanced testing methods that are required in the newversion.C. Comparison of the evaluation methodsThe evaluation methods in the new version of GB/T 14710 are more advanced and require more rigor than those in the old version. For example, the new version requires the use of more advanced testing equipment and procedures, such as the "small chamber method" and the "large chamber method", which were not required in the old version. The new version also requires more rigorous sample preparation procedures, such as the use of standard conditioning conditions and the measurement of sample dimensions, which were not required in the old version.D. Implications for the usersThe updated evaluation methods in the new version of GB/T 14710 have important implications for users. By requiring more advanced testing procedures and equipment, the new version helps to promote a higher level of quality and safety in wood-based panel products. At the same time, these stricter requirements may also pose challenges for manufacturers and suppliers who are not yet equipped to meet them. To remain competitive in the market and comply with the new requirements, manufacturers and suppliers may need to invest in new equipment and technology, or adjust their production processes.V. ConclusionA. Summary of key pointsIn summary, the new version of GB/T 14710 represents an important milestone in the development of standards for wood-based panel products. The new version introduces more rigorous technical requirements and evaluation methods, which are designed to promote a higher level of quality and safety in these products. The new version also expands the scope of the standard to include composite wood flooring, which was not covered by the old version.B. Implications for users and stakeholdersThe changes in the new version of GB/T 14710 have important implications for users and stakeholders. By requiring more advanced testing procedures and equipment, the new version helps to promote a higher level of quality and safety in wood-based panel products. At the same time, these stricter requirements may also pose challenges for manufacturers and suppliers who are not yet equipped to meet them. To remain competitive in the market and comply with the new requirements, manufacturers and suppliers may need to invest in new equipment and technology, or adjust their production processes.C. Recommendations for future updatesAs scientific knowledge and industry practices continue to evolve, it is important that standards such as GB/T 14710 are continually updated to reflect these changes. Future updates to the standard should continue to emphasize the importance of rigorous technical requirements and evaluation methods, while also balancing the needs of the industry and society. Additionally, standards organizations should continue to engage with stakeholders to ensure that the standards are meeting their needs and promote transparency in the development and implementation of standards.。
巴西新标准中文版
1.目标旨在实现能源效率，安全与电磁兼容，建立起LED灯泡必须满足的要求1.1.适用范围1.1.1这项法规适用于控制装置内置于灯体或灯头内，并形成一个单一、不可拆卸的LED灯泡，这项法规是为那些在60赫兹的交流配电下运行， 额定电压127 V和/或220 V或电压范围覆盖相同区域范围或直流（DC或CC），有浪涌保护，馈电电压为250伏，适用于家用和类似用途而制定的，具有以下要求：--额定功率小于等于60瓦;- -额定电压大于50V，小于250V(AC)，使用ABNT NBR IEC 62560:2013 标准灯头 (B15d, B22d, E11, E12, E14, E17, E27, G5, G9, G13, GU10, GZ10)- -额定电压小于50V(AC/DC)使用G4, GU4, GY4, GX5.3, GU5.3, G6.35, GY6.35, G53, GU7, G5, G5.3, G13灯头的灯泡-LED灯管，内置控制装置，灯头为G5，G13或R17DC，并且用于替换NBR IEC60081标准尺寸荧光灯管的LED灯管。
注意：当灯泡在灯具中进行实际操作时，性能数据可能偏离本法规制定的规定值。
1.1.2以下含有元器件集成和灯头的不可拆卸的LED灯泡不适用于本标准：-- 有彩色透镜，发出彩光的LED灯泡，-- 拥有装饰外壳，并发出彩色光的RGB灯;-- 内置有控制装置并控制产生彩光的LED灯泡;-- OLED（有机发光二极管）。
-2.缩写ABNT 巴西技术标准协会（英：巴西技术标准协会）国际标准化组织3，引用标准ABNT IEC TS 62504:2013LED和LED模块普通照明的术语和定义ABNT NBR IEC 600611:2011 Bases of bulbs, bulb holders, as well as matrix for the control ofinterchangeability and safety Part 1: Bulb Bases第1部分：灯的基础部分，灯泡，灯座，以及控制互换性和安全性的模型的基础内容ABNT NBR IEC 60360:1996 Standard method to determine the temperature rise of the bulb base 确定灯泡底座的温度上升的标准方法ABNT NBR IEC 60529:2005 Degrees of protection for Electrical equipment enclosures (IP code)电气设备外壳的保护等级（IP代码）ABNT NBR IEC 605981:2010 Lamps - Part 1: General requirements and tests灯具 - 第1部分：一般要求与试验ABNT NBR IEC 60695-210:2006 F ire ha z ard testing - Part 2-10: Test methods of incandescent/heated wire - equipment and general test method火灾危害性试验 - 第2-10部分：白炽灯/加热丝试验方法 - 设备和通用试验方法ABNT NBR IEC 60695-211:2006 F ire ha z ard testing - Part 2-11: Test methods of incandescent/heated wire – flammability test method for finished products火灾危害性试验- 第2-11部分：白炽灯/加热丝试验方法 –针对成品的可燃性试验方法ABNT NBR IEC 60695-212:2013 F ire ha z ard tests Part 2-12: Test methods of incandescent/heated wire - Test M ethod for material flammability火灾危害性试验2-12部分：白炽灯/加热丝试验方法 - 对物质可燃性测试方法ABNT NBR IEC 60695-213:2013 F ire ha z ards tests Part 2-13: Test methods of incandescent/heated wire - Test method for flammability temperature to incandescent wire (G W IT) for materials火灾危险性测试第2-13部分：白炽灯/加热丝试验方法 - 燃点白炽灯丝（G W IT）的材料可燃性的实验方法ABNT NBR IEC 62031:2013 LED modules for general lighting - Safety specifications LED普通照明组件 - 安全规范ABNT NBR IEC 62560:2013 LED lamps with control de v ice incorporated for general lighting ser v icesfor a v oltage > 50 V - Safety specifications 为普通照明纳入控制装置的LED灯具的电压要大于50V - 安全规范ANSI/IEEE C.62.41-1991IEEE Recommended Practice on Characterization of Surges inLow-Voltage (1000 V and Less) AC Power Circuits 针对低压（1000 V及以下）AC电源电路的浪涌特性的IEEE推荐规程AN SI-NE M A-AN SLGC78 - 09377-2011 Specification of the chromaticity of solid state lighting products固态照明产品的色度规范CIE 13.3: Method of Measuring and Specifying Color Rendering of Light Sources光源显色的测量和说明方法CIE 13.3: Measurement of Luminous Flow光通量的测量CISPR 15:2013 Limits and Methods of Measurements of Radio DisturbanceCharacteristics of Electrical Lighting and Similar Equipments电气照明和类似设备的无线电骚扰特性的测量方法和限定ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria - Program Requirements for Integral LED Bulbs资格标准– 对整体LED灯泡的计划要求IEC 60439-845:1987 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, Lighting国际电工词汇，照明IEC 60439-3:2005 Bulb caps and holders together with gauges for the control ofinterchangeability and safety - Part 3: Gauges灯泡帽和灯座及其互换性和安全性控制测量仪 - 第3部分：测量仪IEC 60081:1997 Bulbs Double-capped fluorescent - Performance specifications灯泡双端荧光灯 - 性能规格IEC 60432-1:1996 Incandescent bulbs - Safety specifications - Part 1: Tungsten filamentbulbs for domestic and similar general lighting purposes白炽灯 - 安全规范 - 第1部分：钨灯丝灯泡家用和类似场合普通照明用IEC 6030:2005 Maximum bulb outlines for incandescent bulbs白炽灯泡的最大外廓注1：为避免ABNT 标准的某一个版本和IEC 标准的大多数现行版本类似，应该用NBR 来替换IEC 标准。
EN新旧版本差异
EN817新旧版本差异EN817:2008（以下简称‘08版’）已生效，EN817:1998（以下简称‘98版’）最终使用期限至2008年最后一天，新版修订主要有：1目录与条款增减，2 内容修改，现介绍如下。
一目录与条款增减目录：98版只有一个目录，而08版将分为正文、插图、表格三个目录。
正文、插图、表格、附录等变化如下表1（详细变化情况见本文的附录一、二、三）。
表1 目录变化情况二内容修改（以下小标题均‘08版’正文目录条款）1 范围第一，叙述上的变化，由原来的“机械混合阀应（shall）符合的尺寸，密封性，力学与水力特性，机械耐久性与声学特性”改为“机械混合阀需(need)符合的尺寸，密封性，耐压力与水力特性，机械强度，耐久性与声学特性”。
“应（shall）”—→“需(need)”语气上的改变，意味着有些条款并不是强制性规定，如尺寸，声学特性，标准就没有很明确的标注，按《GB/T1.1标准化工作导则第一部分》中E.1的解析：“应（shall）”“所示的助动词用于表示要准确地符合标准而应严格遵守的要求”，“不必(need not)” 所示的助动词用于表示在准确的界限内所允许的行动步骤。
显然在语气上宽松了。
力学性能改为更明确的耐压力性能，并把机械操作的扭力试验明确为机械强度。
第二，将‘98版’的第8条款～第14条款中分述的“本节描述的试验是型式试验（实验室试验）而非生产过程的质量控制试验”。
放在‘08版’的“范围”中叙述：“本欧洲标准描述的试验是型式试验（实验室试验）而非生产过程的质量控制试验”。
第三，‘08版’的机械混合阀的使用条件增加分级表示（见表2、3）。
表2 ‘98版’的使用条件表3 ‘08版’的使用条件/分级第四，‘08版’增加图1 ，供水系统压力范围示意图。
2 规范性参考文献‘08版’删去‘98版’中的EN31，EN32，EN35， EN36， EN111， EN232， prEN695，IS O5167-1。
巴西验厂标准中文版
巴西卫生部原料药与中间品 GMP2008.04.22巴西 GMP简介1、巴西GMP是在Q7A的基础上建立起来的。
Q7A是ICH对原料药生产的指导性文件。
ICH（人用药品注册技术要求国际协调会议）由三个地区的代表组成，即欧盟、美国和日本。
ICH指导文件是三方公认的国际标准，同时ICH指导文件也日益成为国际上公认的药品注册技术标准。
巴西GMP沿用了Q7A的基本原则与框架，大致内容也与其相同，但是，巴西GMP也融入了巴西卫生部对GMP的理解与要求，使之比Q7A更具体、更严格。
2、巴西GMP与中国GMP的比较中国没有单独针对原料药生产的GMP要求，现行98年修订版 GMP，内容过于简单，版本过于陈旧，两者差距非常大，不可同日而语。
3、巴西GMP基本框架第一部分：说明GMP是质量管理体系的一种；指明质量管理的基本原则与职责。
（第一章至第二章）。
第二部分：对影响产品质量的6要素（5M1E）提出具体要求；对贯穿于所有方面的文件管理提出具体要求。
（第三章至第八章）第三部分：对药品生产质量管理的其它几个重要方面提出具体要求。
（第九章至第十七章）第一章一般考虑1.1 企业资质文件齐全，经常受到药监部门的检查。
（要准备：药监部门的检查记录与报告）1.2 原料药生产应遵循该法规。
1.3 生产企业应保证产品符合既定质量。
1.4 质量保证、质量控制、GMP是密切相关的三个概念。
1.5 生产企业对产品质量负责。
1.6 要有齐全的证据标明：企业在影响产品质量的各个方面实行了GMP管理。
1.7 生物制品应从工作种子库的维护工序就开始要求GMP管理。
2.质量管理QUALITY MANAGEMENT质量管理决定和执行公司的质量方针,即与质量有关的总体方向和目标,其管理职能由公司的高级管理层正式宣布并授权。
quality Management is the aspect of management function职责that determines and implements the “Quality Policy”, i.e., the overall intentions and directions related to quality, formally expressed and authorized by the firm high management.2.1 原则Principles2.1.1 公司的所有人员对质量负有责任。
世界各国认证简介
世界各国认证简介新加坡PSB认证新加坡消费品保护法规1991指定新加坡标准，生产力和创新委员作为产品安全职能机构，负责对消费者保护（安全要求）注册方案（CPS）涉及的产品进行许可和注册。
只有带“SAFETY”标志的注册产品才能在新加坡销售。
目前新加坡只要求安全而对EMC只是自愿原则。
安全要求：在IEC标准要求下，产品还要符合热带条件测试。
新加坡电压：AC 230V\ 50Hz验厂：一般需要（如果通过莱茵CB去申请有莱茵的工厂检查报告可以不再工厂检查）。
说明书：要求英文证书有效期：证书有效期为一年。
申请周期：一般3-4周。
瑞士SEV为非欧盟国家，在产品认证方面未加入欧盟的CE制度。
因此瑞士的产品法规有自己的要求，瑞士的SEV低电压产品法规规定：进入瑞士市场的电子电气产品需要取得S-PLUS标志。
此标志包含了产品的安全性也涵盖了电磁兼容（EMC）的要求。
电压：AC 23厂说明书：法语0V/50Hz验厂：无需验、意大利语或徳语认证周期：如用CB申请需2-3周。
无CB需4-6周。
波兰(Poland)认证B标志认证是波兰目前的强制性认证。
出口到波兰的电子电气产品都必须通过B标志认证。
B标志涵盖产品安全、电磁兼容和卫生要求。
认证机构：PCBC，BBJ电压：AC 230V/50Hz验厂：需要或指定机构的验厂报告说明书：波兰文认证周期：4-5周申请方式：CB报告或GS报告+EMC报告的基础上申请。
匈牙利（Hungary）匈牙利的电工产品实验是依据关于人身、健康、财产安全的有关规定，按照匈牙利的电气标准而进行的强制实验。
认证机构：Magyar Elektrotechnikai Ellenorzo Intezet-MEEI认证标志：S-Mark MEEI Mark认证要求：安全及EMC都要求电压：AC 230V/50Hz验厂：需要或指定机构的验厂报告说明书：匈牙利文认证周期：S-Mark 1-2 周 (有CB的时间)MEEI 2-3 周 (有CB的时间)申请方式：CB报告或GS报告+EMC报告的基础上申请。
巴西插头标准
巴西2.5A 250V圆插和5-15P插头证书有效性问题，现说明如下：巴西电源插头标准共有两部分：NBR6147:2000, 关于产品测试方法；NBR14136关于插头的的设计和尺寸。
以前，巴西插头仅需符合标准NBR6147.但从2006年12月31日起，所有插头均需同时符合NBR6147和NBR14136标准要求。
按照UCIEE 06年1月10日的通知，有关标准更新具体内容如下：The Brazilian authority has mandated that from 31 December 2006, plugs for Brazil need to comply with NBR 14136.(巴西当局强制要求从06年12月31日起，巴西插头需符合NBR14136要求）Current plugs that comply with NBR 6147, which is similar to NEMA (UL) type, will no longer be allowed.目前流行的符合标准NBR 6147的插头，近似于ULNEMA插头于06年12月31日起不再允许使用。
Plug compliance to NBR 14136 shall proceed as follows:From 1 August 2007, appliance manufacturer can only import goods into Brazil with plugs that comply with NBR 14136. Service centers must offer cord sets with plugs that comply with NBR 14136 in replacements, maintenance and / or repair.From 31 December 2008, Brazilian retailers and shops can only market cord sets to consumers with plugs that comply with NBR 14136.From 31 August 2009, Brazilian retailers and shops can only market appliances fitted with plugs that comply with NBR 14136.巴西插头与插座标准简介2004年1月，巴西国家标准局Inmetro颁布了一项关于插座和插头的技术性法规——NBR14136。
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MINIMUM EFFICIENCY LAMP W/O COVER (裸灯） lumens/watt （最低光效） LAMP W/O COVER（不带罩灯） Lamp Power ≤ 6 W Lamp Power ≤ 8 W 43,0 6 W < Lamp Power ≤ 8 W 8 W < Lamp Power ≤ 12 W 8 W < Lamp Power ≤ 15 W 50,0 12 W < Lamp Power ≤ 15W 15 W < Lamp Power ≤18 W 15 W < Lamp Power ≤25 W 25 W < Lamp Power LAMP W/ COVER Lamp Power ≤ 8 W 8 W < Lamp Power ≤ 15 W 15 W < Lamp Power ≤ 25 W 25 W < Lamp Power LAMP WITH REFLECTOR (带反射罩） 55,0 18 W < Lamp Power ≤25 W 57,0 MINIMUM EFFICIENCY lumens/watt 40,0 40,0 44,0 45,0 无要求 25 W < Lamp Power LAMP W/ COVER Lamp Power ≤ 8 W 8 W < Lamp Power ≤ 15 W 15 W < Lamp Power ≤ 25 W 25 W < Lamp Power LAMP WITH REFLECTOR (带反射 罩）
Obs 1.: Lamp with cover is when it has an additional cover over the discharge tube. Can be both clear or transluscent cover. Lamps with cover must follow the Tabel 3 values. In case of decorative lamp with removable cover without damaging the lamp, the model must also follow the values of non cover lamps.
巴西ENCE新老标准对比 新老标准对比 巴西
TABEL 3 – Energetic Efficiency Minimum Values （最低光效） 最低光效） EFFICIENCY (lumens/watt) FOR FLUORESCENT COMPACT LAMPS IN 127V AND 220V VOLTAGES. – 100 HOURor （最低功率因数） 最低功率因数）
老ENCE标准 标准 MINIMUM POWER LAMP POWER (W) FACTOR（最低功率因 数） P < 60W 0,50 P > 60W 0,92 新ENCE标准 标准 LAMP POWER (W) P ≤ 25W P > 25W MINIMUM POWER FACTOR（最低功率因数） 0,50 0,92