过去分词作宾语
人教版高中英语必修五过去分词作宾语补足语
高中英语学习资料madeofjingetieji3．过去分词作宾语补足语可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下两类:A) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如 :see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think 等.I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌She found the door closed.B)表示 "致使 "意义的动词 .如 :have, make, get, keep, leave 等比方：He’ s going to have his hair cut.I must get my bike repaired.He was trying to make himself understood.注意：使役动词have 接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.1.过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成 . (1) He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了 .( 被别人偷去了 )2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历 .如 : (2) He had his leg broken. 他的腿断了 . ( 自己的经历 )4．过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语 ,此时应注意人称一致，即二者是被动关系。
这跟现在分词作状语正好相反。
表示被动的和完成的动作修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。
如：Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.)Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮 .(seen 为过去分词作状语 ,表 " 被看 ",由语境可知 ,它的逻辑主语必定是城市 ,而不是 " 我们 ", 因为" 我们 " 应主动看城市 .)A)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。
过去分词作宾语补足语的用法
过去分词作宾语补足语的用法
过去分词作宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种常见用法。
它通常指的是把过去分词放在及物动词的宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语的状态或情况。
这种用法可以使句子更加简洁明了。
例如，以下句子中的过去分词作了宾语补足语：
- I saw him wounded in the battle.
- She had her hair cut short.
- They had the car repaired at the garage.
需要注意的是，过去分词作宾语补足语的动词必须是及物动词，而且宾语必须是该动词的直接宾语。
此外，如果使用被动语态，过去分词也可以作为被动语态的主语。
例如：
- The tree was damaged by the storm.
- The book was written by a famous author.
这种用法在口语和书面语中都很常见，特别是在描述过去的情况时。
掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语语法。
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【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法过去分词是分词的一种，规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成。
用法有：1、过去分词作表语；2、过去分词作定语；3、过去分词作状语；4、过去分词作宾语补足语；5、with+宾语+过去分词结构。
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。
(1)The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.(3)The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣。
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, weled the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.The boy looked up with a pleased expression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的（短语）动词有：1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。
如：I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。
如：My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。
如：All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。
如：With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语，宾语是其动作的执行者。
动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性，不定式强调动作的全过程。
过去分词作宾语补足语，通常宾语是其动作的承受者，多强调动作的完成。
过去分词作宾补
过去分词作宾补1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.3. You find most of the population settled in the south.4. They found the window broken.5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.1. 及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上常存在着被动关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
补语表示宾语的动作、行为、状态、特性、身份等。
如：I heard my name called. 我听见有人叫我的名字。
When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 当我打开门时，我发现地面已被落叶所掩盖。
2. 不及物动词用作宾语补足语时，与宾语没有逻辑上的动宾关系，只表示动作的完成或状态。
如：When I returned there, I found the bag gone.当我返回那儿时，我发现包不见了。
They found all the guests gone when they woke up.当他们醒来时，发现所有的客人都走了。
3. 过去分词常在下列情况下用作宾语补足语：(1) 在感观动词consider, feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, think, watch等后。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明句子的宾语。
过去分词作宾补时具有以下特点：（1）过去分词（done ）常表示动作的完成、状态或动作的全过程。
（2）宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在着被动关系。
（3）不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时没有被动意味，只表示动作的完成和状态。
I was glad to see the child well taken care of .He kept the windows shu t all the year.Could you please mak e yourself known to us ?You must get your article finished before going home.When I returned there, I found the bag gone.2. 后接过去分词作宾补的词：（1）表感知的动词：see, watch, find, observe, notice, hear, feel, taste, smell , etc.I heard the song sung in the next room.（2）表使役的动词：have, make, get , etc.We should work harder to get the work done on time.（3）表想法、愿望的动词：want, should like, would like , etc.I want the photo copied.I ’d like Lucy invited, too.（4）表某种状态的词：keep, leave , etc.When you were out, you should keep the lights turned off.The boys went to play football, leaving their homework undone.(5) with +n+P.PHe sat there with his eyes fixed on the TV . with his eyes closed. He went home happily with his work finished. 重难点1： make / have sb. do 命令/安排某人做某事 have sb. doing have sb. / sth. done重难点2：过去分词作宾补和其他非谓语作宾补。
过去分词作宾语补足语
Unit2 The United Kingdom过去分词作宾语补足语The past participle as the Object Complement过去分词在句中可以作1.定语2.表语3.宾语补足语4.状语a lighted candle 、a broken heart、fallen leaves、cooked food、honored people他写的小说很畅销。
The novel written by him sells well.过去分词短语作后置定语表被动和完成坐在那的那个人是我的叔叔。
（seat）The man seated there is my uncle.过去分词短语作后置定语表状态不表被动他看起来很着急。
He looked worried. 过去分词作表语表状态我的眼镜破了。
My glasses are broken .过去分词作表语表状态1）Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.find + object+ past participle2）… to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. get + object+ past participle英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。
这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, keep, see , find, call, get, have, let等。
We think him clever.What he said made me angry.We consider the answer correct.Everyone calls him Tom.宾语补足语的表示法1.His father named him Jack. ( 名词)2.They painted their house white.(形容词)3.You mustn’t force him to go at once.（不定式）4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.（不定式短语）5. We saw her entering the room. (现在分词或其短语)5. We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.(过去分词)6. We take English as a useful tool for research work.用介词引出）7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work.（介词短语）8. Let the fresh air in.（副词）9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. (从句)过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作已经完成或结束。
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看下面的句子，想想哪些是宾语补足语
We think him clever. What he said made me angry. We consider the answer correct. We find them playing basketball.
定义
宾语补足语就是放在宾语后面补充解释 宾语的内容的
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
2. 感官动词watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find.之后
e.g. When we got to school, we saw the door
locked.
We can hear the windows beaten by the
4. Frank found his wallet ________ (lose) lost when he got home. 5. You shouldn’t leave the water running (run) when you are washing ________ your hands.
I saw her come into the classroom. （省略to）
过去分词强调与宾语之间的被动关系， 表示动作已完成。不定式强调动作发生 的全过程、或表将来要发生的事情。
省略to的情况(表示动作的全过程)
1. 使役动词 let, have, make等后作宾补。 e.g. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make them hear what she said. His parents let him do whatever he wants. 2. 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, find, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel 等后作 宾补。 e.g. I didn’t notice him come into the room. All the boys see the plane fly away.
9. I have often heard the ABC Song ____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it. A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing 10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ____. A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating
Practice 2:
1. ---- There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended
3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 4. He managed to make himself _____with his____ English. A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken
planted around the building, his house
looks like a beautiful garden.
With the matter settled, we all went home.
过去分词作宾补与现在分词、动词
不定式作宾补的区别。
1. 比较现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别
5. I found the door _____ when I got home. A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 6. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______. A. expose B. exposed C. to expose D. exposing
I saw him _______ sleeping in bed.
I saw him _____ bitten by a dog.
calling me. I heard someone _______ I heard my name ______. called
过去分词与宾语之间是（被动）动宾关系 现在分词与宾语之间是（主动）主谓关系
注意：在被动语态中，to不能省掉。
I saw him dance.
= He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole
night.
= They were made to work the whole
night.
Practice 1: 1. 他说的话让我吃惊。 What he had said made me surprised _________.
2.比较动词不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别 .
With all the problems settled, he felt happy. With many problems to settle, he felt worried. I saw her taken out of the classroom.
that?”
4. 医生看Βιβλιοθήκη 他偷偷吸烟了。The doctor saw him ______ smoke secretly.
用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. Jack had the letter ________ posted (post) very soon. 2. Listen! Do you hear someone ________ shouting (shout) to Tom? 3. You should make your opinion ________ known (know).
2. 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等 的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动 作 _____ 完成 。因此，宾语与过去分词之间 不存在逻辑上的被动关系。 I found the leaves She found her necklace fallen two days ago. gone on her way home.
名词
形容词
动词不 定式
现在分词
介词短语
6. Let the fresh air in.
副词 从句
7. You cannot call it what you will. 8. We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.
过去分词和宾语补足语的关系
1. 及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾 补时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语， 宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的 被动 _____ 关系。 He got his bad tooth He found his new bike pulled out yesterday. stolen.
1.Do Ex. 1 and 2 of “USING WORDS AND EX-PRESSIONS” on pages 49 and 50. 2. Do “USING STRUCTURES” on pages 50 and 51.
heavy rain drops.
3. 用于with 复合宾语结构，即“ with +宾语
+宾补”. e.g. The thief was brought in with his hands
tied behind his back.
With many brightly-coloured flowers
3. 动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作 状态 ，而不 宾语补足语一般表示宾语的 _____ 表示被动或完成的意义。
On coming in, I found a girl seated in the corner.
I like her dressed in red.
过去分词作宾语补足语的几种情况
2. 我的眼镜坏了。我要修理一下。
My glasses are broken. I’ll have to get
repaired them ________.
3. 指着那个碎花瓶，妈妈问我：“谁干
的？”
pointing to the broken With her finger _______
vase, my mother asked me, “Who did
1. 放在使役动词keep, leave. get, have, make这
些词之后。。
e.g. They kept the door locked for a long
time. Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time. e.g. I have had my bike repaired.
什么词可以充当宾语 补足语呢？
1. His father named him Doming. 2. They painted their house white. 3. He asked me to lend my computer to him. 4. We saw her leaving. 5. I always find him in the classroom.