香港中文大学2012汉语语言学与语言习得专业ma笔试题
香港中文大学2012汉语语言学与语言习得专业ma笔试题
2011-12 CUHK Recruitment TestMA in LinguisticsMA in Chinese Linguistics and Language AcquisitionName __________________________Email __________________________Phone __________________________University __________________________City __________________________Province __________________________Part One1. Consider the following verbs from Tohono O’odham, a Native American Languagebelonging to the Uto-Aztecan family, and answer questions A and B.Tohono O’odham English translationSingular1.ñeok speaks2.him walks3.dagkon wipes4.helwuin is sliding5.’ul sticks outPlural1.ñeñeok we/you/they speak2.hihim we/you/they walk3.dadagkon we/you/they wipe4.hehelwuin we/you/they are sliding5.’u’ul we/you/they stick outQuestionsA.Describe, as precisely as you can, how the plural verbs are formed from thesingular verbs. (What must be done to a singular form in order to convert it into a plural form?)B.What is the name of the morphological process illustrated in the data?2. Examine the following data from French and answer questions A-D. (Assume that/e/~/ɛ/, /ö/~/ɔ/, and /o/~/ɔ/ form three pairs of allophones, i.e., 音位变体).French words English translation1./bote/ beauté beauty2./bɛl/ belle beautiful3./pö/ peu small amount4./pɔr/ peur fear5./mo/ mot word6./mɔr/ mort deathQuestionsA.In what environment do /e/, /ö/, and /o/ occur?B.In what environment do /ɛ/, /ɔ/, and /ɔ/ occur?C.According to the following chart, what single feature distinguishes /e/, /ö/, and /o/from /ɛ/, /ɔ/, and /ɔ/?________________________________________________e ɛö ɔo ɔBack – – – – + +Round – – + + + +Tense + – + – + –D.The word bête ‘beast’ is pronounced [bɛt]. What role do you think the symbols ^is playing here? (Hint: Note that the final orthographic e is not pronounced. Also, an alternative spelling in an earlier stage of French was bette.)3. Show the internal structure of each of the phrases below by means of labeledbracketing or a tree diagram:A. the student with blue eyesB. that girl at the dance party last weekC. a student of EnglishPart TwoAnswer one of the questions below in either English or Chinese:1. Question 1(a)In the English sentence ‘Mary said Kitty liked herself’, what does ‘herself’ referto? What syntactic category does ‘herself’ belong to?(b)Think about your own native language. Does it also contain words such as‘herself’? If yes, what are they? In what ways are they similar to or differentfrom English in terms of what they actually refer to in a sentence? Provideexamples to justify your answers.2. Question 2Compare and contrast the following types of SLA analysis. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of them? Illustrate your answers with examples.a)Contrastive analysisb)Error analysisc)Interlanguage analysisPart ThreeChoose one of the following questions and write a one-page essay in response to the questions. Please use English, as much as you can, to answer the question. Please quote the name of the author(s) whose work(s) you refer to in your answer to observe academic honesty.(1)What are the differences between children's first language acquisition and adult'ssecond language acquisition? Please identify and elaborate three major differences from cognitive, environmental, and affective points of view.(2)Reflect on language reform in China since 1949. Discuss the achievements andshortcomings in one aspect of the reform (such as the popularization of Putonghua, the promotion of Pinyin, or the simplification of the Chinese characters).(3)Discuss examples of reciprocal and non-reciprocal use of address terms anddiscuss their significance in the particular culture involved.(4)Discuss the importance of phonological awareness in vocabulary acquisition withreference to the structure of the human memory. What are the components of the working memory? How does each of these components function in vocabulary acquisition, and how does the working memory interact with the long-term memory?。
香港中文大学2012-2013汉语语言学与语言习得专业ma笔试题
2012-13 CUHK Recruitment TestMA in LinguisticsMA in Chinese Linguistics and Language AcquisitionName __________________________Email __________________________Phone __________________________University __________________________City __________________________Province __________________________Section OneAnswer all the questions in this section.Question 1Analyze the following data and decide if [s] and [z] are allophones of the same phoneme or belong to different phonemes.Look at the following data involving allomorphic variation:i.lokanta ‘a restaurant’lokantada ‘in/at a restaurant’ii.kapɯ‘a door’kapɯda ‘in/at a door’iii.randevu ‘an appointment’randevuda ‘in/at an appointment’iv.baʃ‘a head’baʃta ‘in/at a head’v.kitap ‘a book’kitapta ‘in/at a book’vi.koltuk ‘an armchair’koltukta ‘in/at an armchair’vii.taraf ‘a side’tarafta ‘in/at a side’(note: ɯ is a high back unrounded vowel)(a) What kind of morphological means does this language employ to express themeaning ‘in/at’?(b) What are the allomorphs of this morpheme?(c) Describe their distribution in the data.(d) What phonological process is involved in such distribution?Question 3What are the possible meanings of ‘unlearnable’ and ‘undoable’? Draw tree diagrams to explain their possible meanings.John drew two structures for the sentence “The technician will fix it tomorrow.”Professor Huang considered Structure A to be the right structure. Please give reasons why Structure A is better than Structure B.Question 5The sentence ‘The student hit the teacher with a ruler’is ambiguous. Illustrate the meaning differences with tree diagrams and appropriate linguistic labels.Explain the difference in use between think of and think about. Look at the concordance lines provided below, taken from a corpus of informal spoken conversation. Are there any generalizations that can be made that would help a learner know when to use think of and when to use think about?THINK OFstank. Then, as he was trying to think of something to say to her (allyes, wedding presents. We must think of something. You probably don’t racking my brains for three hours to think of something, I simply cannot lasta second catastrophe. I tried to think of something to say myself, but myoffered frills. Nicandra tried to think of something pleasing to say: only you were here, then we could think of something to do. “Christopher groaning quietly, perhaps trying to think of something that summed up what let said nothing. He had tried to think of something to say, but the onlylunch?’ ‘Ah me, the young! You think of nothing but your stomachs.sympathy and collusion. But I can think of nothing to say. Perdie says,she tried to speak, but she could think of nothing, and her mother, shiftinganything so familiar, and he could think of nothing on earth to say. Itman in the word.’ ‘As he could think of nothing else, Martin repeatedBut try as she might, she could think of nothing to say like that, fiercelistening. ‘Can we ourselves think of nothing that needs to be done?‘what an idiot I was not to think of it before! You all right Elfie?…no, wait a minute, come to think of it you’re finding. hmm.or him, on other occasions, come to think of it. We’ve been aware of each happened to those kids. And come to think of it, Hamelin’s rats and children like that five years ago, come to think of it, or even ten. It’s thewash his feet, he had seen, come to think of it, the moon not too remote fromprobably cheaper than Selina, come to think of it, what with the hotel mark could have. I didn’t happen to think of it then. ‘And when did youher pregnant. Better not even to think of it. Just go on hating him,and done with. Don’t let us ever think of it again. My family always ‘H ow nice. What did you think of it?’ Patrice held her breath,THINK ABOUTYou wouldn’t just think about it it’s just gone isn’t it Well that’s a good way, if you think about it he’s got, he’s got fourmore, I mean they can wear, if you think about it they were suits in the When you think about it, yeah he was So what ‘It seems easier that way when you think about it dunnit? Mm it’s a lot be does that come from? Oh when you think about it Pledge, why do they call wasn’t the money really when you think about it because at end of day, more. I mean they can wear if you think about it they wear suits in the week! And why, they won’t need to think about it, they can talk you out of penetrating at lasers. ‘We might think about that, ‘I say at last.I’ll h ave to start and think about that train, Dwight.see it. That’s the way I like to think about that sort of place. It’s another way, but I don’t want to think about that for a while. ‘Timothyget eight to twenty-five. Now think about that. The district attorneySection TwoAnswer one of the questions in either English or Chinese:Question 1Pennington & Richards (1986: 219) remarked: ‘Pronunciation forms a natural link to other aspects of language use, such as listening, vocabulary, and grammar.’ Discuss the role of pronunciation plays in second language acquisition. How important do you think it is for L2 learners to acquire good pronunciation skills at the initial phase of their language acquisition? To facilitate your work, you may choose one of the following aspects and discuss in depth your understanding of the issues involved:a.vocabulary buildingb.speech intelligibilityc.phonological processes in readingd.general speech processingYou may discuss other related issues as well.(Reference: Pennington, M. C., & Richards, J. C. (1986). Pronunciation revisited. TESOL Quarterly, 20(2), 207-225.)Question 2Evaluate the following sentences produced by a learner of Chinese. Correct the sentences if they are ungrammatical, and justify your analysis with detailed explanation, showing your understanding of the Chinese grammar.1)来北京前，我不对北京熟悉。
语言学试题及答案
语言学试题及答案一、选择题1. 下面哪个选项中的词性与其他三个选项不同？a. 优雅b. 快乐c. 蓝天d. 报纸答案：d2. 下列四项中，哪一项是重复的？a. 雨水b. 火柴c. 空气d. 雪花答案：d3. 下列词语组合中，哪一项是错误的？a. 喜怒哀乐b. 留连忘返c. 心照不宣d. 肆意挥霍答案：c4. 下面哪个单词的读音与其他三个不同？a. 少年b. 操场c. 老师d. 足球答案：d二、填空题1. 中国的国旗由红色和五颗黄色的小____组成。
答案：星星2. 他用墨水和毛笔在纸上写了一首____。
答案：诗3. “一带一路”是中国提出的倡议，旨在促进国际____和____的发展。
答案：合作；交流4. 我们应该____帮助别人，不要只顾自己。
答案：无私地三、解答题1. 请简要解释“词义辨析”是什么，并举例说明。
答：词义辨析是指对多个在形式上相似但在义项上有差别的词语进行区分和辨析的过程。
这种辨析可以从词语的释义、上下文语境等方面进行。
例如，区分“优秀”和“杰出”这两个词语，可以通过它们的释义和用法来进行辨析。
我们可以说一个学生在学习方面表现优秀，而在体育方面表现杰出。
这样，通过了解这两个词语的不同义项和上下文语境，我们可以准确使用它们。
2. 请简要解释“歧义”是什么，并举例说明。
答：歧义是指一个词语、短语、句子等由于表达不清或具有多种理解方式而产生的模糊性。
在语言学中，歧义可能出现在词语的意义模糊、句子结构不明确等方面。
例如，“这个苹果真甜”，如果没有上下文，我们无法确定是指这个苹果很好吃，还是指对方很甜。
因此，在正式的语言交流中，我们要尽量避免歧义，保证信息的准确传达。
3. 请简要解释“同义词”和“反义词”的概念，并分别举例说明。
答：同义词是指在词义上相近或相同的词语。
它们在表达某个概念、感情或描述时，有着相似的意义。
例如，“美丽”和“漂亮”就是常见的同义词，它们在形容人或事物外表时意思相近。
香港中文大学笔试题
香港中文大学笔试题————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期:清华大学－香港中文大学２00８年合作招收金融财务MBA入学试题（笔试部分)注意事项１.本试卷包括英语、逻辑和数学，分别占50%、30％和2０%，总分为１00分;2.答题时请将答案写在答题纸上,每个题只有唯一正确答案;3.将本试题、答题纸及草稿纸全部留下,考试结束后将被统一收回。
姓名：ﻩﻩ考号身份证号：一、英语部分（5０％）PART ＩStruｃture and Vocabuｌary (25×１%=25%）Dｉreｃtions: Theｒe are 25 incoｍplete sｅntenｃes iｎtｈis part．Ｆｏｒeacｈsentｅnce the ｒe are fouｒchoices marked A, B, C and Ｄ. Cｈｏｏsｅｔhe ONE aｎswｅr thaｔbeｓt completｅｓtｈe sentence．Then ｂｌａckeｎｔhe coｒrespondiｎｇletter oｎtheＡnswｅｒShｅet wiｔh a pｅnciｌ.1. Ｔhe rats ＿＿＿＿_bａｃterial ｉnfｅctions ofｔhe blood．A.develop ﻩﻩB. ｐrｏduceﻩC. ｓｔｉmulateD. induｃe2. Thｅfｉrｓt, second, ａnｄｔｈe thirｄprizeｓweｎｔｔo Jacｋ, Tｏm,and Harry＿＿___．A.ｅquaｌlｙﻩＢ. diffｅrenｔｌｙﻩ C.similａｒｌy ﻩﻩ D.ｒespectiveｌｙ3. Moｒｅtｈaｎ８５percent of French Ｃａｎａda’s populａtion speakｓFrench as a moｔｈeｒtｏngue ａnd _＿__＿to the RomaｎCaｔｈｏlic faith.A.ａｓceｒibｅsﻩB. ｓubｓceibｅs ﻩＣ．adheｒes D. cateｒs4. Ｗhen tｈe woｒk iｓwell done，ａ_＿___ｏf acｃidｅｎt freｅopｅrations is esｔablished where tｉｍｅlosｔdｕe to iｎjuries iｓkｅｐt ａt ａmｉniｍum.A.reｇulatiｏn ﻩB.ｃｌｉmaｔe ﻩＣ．ｃircumstａncｅﻩ D. reｑｕiｒｅment5. Iｎｏrder to prevｅｎｔstreｓs ｆrｏm being set ｕp ｉn the meｔaｌ, exｐanｓｉon jｏiｎs ａrｅfittｅd whｉch _____tｈｅstｒｅssｂyａllowingｔhe pipｅｔｏeｘpaｎd or ｃontｒaｃt fｒeeｌｙ.A．rｅclａim B. ｒeconcｉlｅﻩﻩ C. rｅctｉfy ﻩD.relieve6. Ｄoｚeｎs ｏｆscientific gｒoupｓall overｔｈe woｒlｄhaｖe bｅen ＿__＿_tｈe ｇoａlｏf a ｐracｔicaｌand ｅconoｍic way to usｅsunlｉght to splitｗａter moｌｅｃｕles．A.ｐｕｒsuing ﻩB.chasｉngﻩC．reachiｎｇD.winninｇ7. Ｗheｎｔｒavｅliｎg，you aｒｅadｖisｅｄto take tｒavｅlｅrs’checks, which ｐrｏvide a sｅcuｒe__＿＿＿to ｃarｒyｉng yｏｕr ｍｏｎey in ｃash．A.sｕｂｓtｉtuteB. sｅlｅcｔion ﻩＣ．prｅfeｒencｅﻩ D. alternative8. Ｉnｅver ｔｒustｅdｈim bｅcausｅI alwaｙs ｔhｏｕｇht of him as ｓuch a_____character.A.Gracious ﻩﻩB. sｕspｉｃioｕｓﻩ C．unｉquｅﻩﻩ D. pａrｔicuｌaｒ9. Ｆｏr ｅxaｍple, it hａｓlong bｅen knｏｗn tｈat ｔotａｌｓleep ___＿＿is10０percenｔfatａｌtｏrats．A.reductｉon ﻩB. ｄestrｕction Ｃ．deprivａｔiｏｎﻩＤ.reｓtｒiction10. Manｙｏld ｐeｏple in thｅciｔieｓfind thｅmseｌves unable to ｇet used to therapiｄ＿_＿＿_of city life．A.ｒatｅB. ｓpeedC. sｔeｐﻩＤ. pａｃe11. The captａiｎoｆthe sｈip__＿__ｔhe pasｓenｇerｓthat ｔｈｅre waｓno ｄangeｒ.A. asｓuredﻩﻩB. eｎsured ﻩC.seｃｕred ﻩﻩD．inｓured12. The sｐｅakｅr whｏdoes nｏｔｈａｖe ｓｐecifiｃｗords in his ｗorｋｉngｖｏcａbularｙmay be unａbｌe to eｘｐlain or ｄeｓcrｉbe in ａ_____tｈat ｃan ｂe understood by hｉs ｌistenｅrｓ.A.case ﻩB. mｅansﻩﻩC. metｈoｄD. wａy13. Iｎduｓtrial safetyｄｏeｓnot juｓt haｐpｅn．Comｐａnｉes with low aｃcｉdenｔrateｓplan theiｒsａfety pｒoｇramｓ,woｒk hａrd tｏorganiｚe thｅm, and cｏntinｕe woｒｋing ｔｏkｅｅp them ___＿_aｎd aｃｔive．A.ＡliｖeB. vividﻩC. mｏbiｌe ﻩD.diverｓｅ14. The key to tｈe ｉndustriａlization ｏｆspacｅｉs the U.Ｓ. ｓｐacｅｓhuttlｅ.Withｉt, ａsｔrｏnａuｔｓwiｌｌacｑuｉre a workｈorse ｖehｉcle＿____of fｌｙiｎg into sｐａce and reｔｕrnｉnｇmanｙtimes.A.ｃaｐａｂle ﻩＢ. ｓuitableﻩC．ｅｆｆicieｎt ﻩ D. fit15. Tｈｅdiscusｓiｏn waｓso proloｎgeｄanｄｅxhａusting thａｔ＿___＿the ｓpeakｅｒs stopped foｒrefrｅshmｅnｔs.A.at lａｒge ﻩＢ. at inｔeｒvａls ﻩＣ. at ｅase ﻩﻩ D.at ranｄom16. Ｉn no coｕntry ＿__＿_Briｔain,it has been said, cａn one ｅxperieｎce fｏｕrseasons in the cｏurse of a singｌe dａy.A.other thaｎﻩB．ｍｏre thanﻩ C.ｂetｔｅｒthan D.raｔhｅr ｔhan17. Ｓo ｌittle_＿___ about physicｓthaｔtｈｅｌｅcture was completeｌy bｅyondｍｅ．Ａ．I knew B. did I ｋｎow ﻩﻩ C. Ｉhad ｋｎｏwｎＤ. had I ｋnowｎ18. Concerns wｅre ｒaisｅｄ___＿_witnessｅs mｉgｈt bｅenｃouｒagｅd to ｅｘａgｇerａte tｈｅiｒstoｒiｅｓ.A.whａt ﻩﻩB.when ﻩﻩC．which ﻩﻩ D.ｔhat19. Iｔcaｎbe ｒeady for ___＿_ｔｒiｐin aboｕt two weeｋs.Ａ．neｗ B.anｏther ﻩＣ. ｃeｒtａiｎD．subseqｕenｔ20. To dｒive and ＿_＿__ wｉthin the speed limｉts ＿＿___ ｎeｃessaｒy ｉn ｔoday’s tｒaffic.Ａ.ｓtayinｇ／is ﻩ B. to staｙ/arｅﻩ C. tｏstay/ｉｓﻩﻩ D. stayiｎg/ａｒeＰＡRT ＩI Reaｄｉng Ｃｏmprehension (１5×2%=30%)Dｉrections：Ｔhｅｒe are 3 pａｓsaｇes iｎｔｈis paｒt. Eaｃh passａgｅｉs followed ｂy som ｅqueｓtions or unfinｉsｈｅｄｓtaｔｅments．For eａcｈof tｈem heｒe are four chｏｉｃｅs mａrkeｄA，B, C ａnd Ｄ．You sｈould deｃidｅｏｎｔhe ｂeｓｔchoiｃe anｄblacken thｅcｏrｒesponding ｌetｔer on thｅAnsｗer Sheet with a ｐencｉl.Queｓtioｎs21 to 2５aｒe ｂased ｏn the folｌowｉng ｐasｓaｇe：Whileｈacｋersｗith ｍotiｖes mａke headlｉｎes,they reｐｒesent lessｔhａn 2０%of ａｌｌnetwork seｃｕrity ｂreａchｅs.Ｍore common aｒe insｔances oｆauthorize ｄusers ａcｃidenｔaｌly wｉｎdingｕｐｗｈere they ｓhouｌd noｔｂe and inａdvertｅntly ｄeleting or changing data. However,ｔhe Inteｒnet intｒoｄuｃｅs anoｔher ｃonceｒn: some Ｉｎterｎet suｒｆｅｒs are ｂouｎｄto go where ｔhｅｙhave no bｕsiｎeｓsａｎd,ｉn ｓo dong，tｈrｅaｔen to ｗiｐe ouｔdatａｔo which they should not have acceｓｓ．Ｂefoｒe picｋiｎg a fireｗall，compａnies need to ａdoｐt secｕrｉty policies．A security ｐｏｌiｃy stａtｅs whoｏr ｗhaｔｉs allowed to conｎｅct ｔo whoｍor what. Yｏu ｃan grouｐall users by depａrtｍent oｒclasｓｉficatｉｏn．The better fｉｒewalｌprｏducts let you drａｇaｎd drｏp groups in ａｇrａpｈical usｅｒintｅrfａce（ＧＵI）enｖiｒonment to define netwoｒk secuｒitｙeasily.Two methods are ｍost often useｄｔogethｅr to esｔabｌisｈａn Ｉnterneｔfirewall. Theｙarｅａpplｉcation anｄcircuit gatewaｙｓ, as ｗｅllａs paｃket ｆilteｒｉng. With aｐplｉcatｉon aｎｄcircuiｔgaｔewaｙs, all ｐａckets arｅadｄｒesｓed to a useｒ-lｅｖel aｐplicatiｏn on a gａte-way that relａys paｃｋetｓｂetweｅn ｔwo pｏinｔs. Wit ｈmost ａpｐlicatiｏｎgatewａys,aｄditional packｅt-fｉlter macｈiｎｅs areｒequired to cｏntroｌand ｓcｒeeｎtraffic betｗｅen the gatｅｗaｙand ｔheｎｅtwor ｋｓ. A typical cｏnfiｇｕraｔioｎiｎcｌudes two routers with a bａsｔioｎhost thaｔsｅrveｓas tｈe ａpplicatiｏn gaｔewａy sｉtting between ｔｈeｍ．A ｄrawback to apｐｌicatiｏn and ｃｉrｃｕit gａtewａｙs is that ｔhｅy slow netwoｒk ｐｅrforｍance. Thｉs is because eａcｈpacket must be ｃopied ａnｄprｏｃesseｄat ｌｅast twiceｂy ａｌl ｔhe cｏｍmｕnicaｔioｎｌayers. Pａckｅt-filｔeｒgaｔewａy ｓ,ｗｈicｈacｔａs routeｒs betwｅeｎｔwo ｎets，are less secｕｒe thａn applicａtion gａteｗayｓbut more eｆficｉｅnt. Ｔhey areｔransparenｔｔｏmany prｏtocols anｄappｌiｃatiｏns, andｔｈey ｒeqｕire ｎo chａngｅｓin client aｐplicatｉo ｎs, ｎｏspecifｉc aｐplｉｃatiｏn manａgｅment oｒiｎｓtalｌatiｏn, ａnd nｏｅｘtra haｒｄｗａrｅ．Uｓing a sｉｎglｅ，uｎified paｃket-fｉlｔer enｇinｅ，alｌneｔtraffｉc is proceｓｓｅd anｄtｈen fｏrwａrded or bｌoｃkｅdｆroｍa sｉｎgle pｏint oｆconｔrol. Hｏweｖeｒ, most pａcketｆilｔｅrｓaｒe stateless, ｕnderｓtａnd only ｌow－leveｌprotｏｃols，aｎdａre difｆｉcult ｔo confｉguｒe and vｅrｉty. In addition，ｔｈey lａck audi ｔmechanｉｓms. Ｓome pacｋeｔfｉlteｒs ａｒe impｌementeｄｉnside roｕｔeｒs, limitinｇcompｕｔｉngｐoｗeｒaｎd filｔerinｇcaｐabilities. Otheｒs aｒeｉmp ｌemenｔeｄas softwａre packages that filter the paｃkets in appｌｉcａtiｏｎ-layer proc ｅsses, an iｎeｆficｉent ａppｒoａｃh ｔｈat requirｅs mｕｌtiｐｌe ｄatａcopieｓ, expｅnｓｉｖe dｅlays ａnd contｅxt swｉtchｅs aｎｄｄelｉversｌower tｈｒoughｐｕt.So whaｔ’s a network administrator to do? Some ｖeｎdors are devｅlｏpｉng firewａllsthat oｖeｒcoｍe ｍanｙｏf these prｏbleｍｓand ｃomｂｉne the adｖantages of ａppliｃａtioｎgａｔｅways anｄpaｃｋet ｆiltering．Tｈese eｆficienｔ, ｐrｏtocｏｌ－indｅpendenｔ, seｃuｒｅｆirewall engｉnes aｒe caｐablｅofａpplicatｉon－leveｌsｅcｕｒｉty，user authentｉｃatioｎ，uｎified suｐpｏrt，and haｎdlinｇoｆａll prｏtocｏls, ａuditing and alterｉng. They are ｔｒanspaｒeｎｔｔo ｕsers ａndｔo sｙsｔｅｍsetuｐ，ａnd include a GUI foｒsｉｍple and flexibｌe syｓtem manaｇｅｍeｎt anｄconfigｕｒaｔioｎ．21. The moｓt suitablｅtitle for ｔhis passaｇe is _____.A. Ｈaｃkerｓand Our DefenseＢ.IｎｔerneｔＳurfeｒ’s GuideC. Fiｒewａll: A Measｕre ｏf Ｎeｔwork SecurｉtyD. InfoｒｍaｔｉoｎTecｈnology22. Ａcｃordｉｎg toｗｈａt you haｖｅread,tｈeａｕthoｒ’s ｐｒｏbable ｐreference wｉll bｅ___＿_.A.ｗalling foｒthe comiｎg of bettｅr firｅwall pｒｏducts.B. finding a comｂinatｉon of botｈapplｉｃaｔｉon gatｅwaｙａnd pacｋet filteｒiｎg appｒoaｃhC. meeting ｄｅmａnds ofｅvery type with bｅｔter proｄuｃtsD.ｉmplemｅnting onｅｂetｔer aｐproａch ｉn the adoptioｎof a ｆiｒewaｌl ｓｏｌｕtｉon23. In chooｓinｇa firｅwalｌｐrodｕcｔ, wｈaｔis imｐlieｄas the main coｎcernｏｆthe author?A.Ｍａnageｍｅnt ﻩB．TranｓｐａreｎｃyＣ．ＩndepeｎｄenceﻩﻩﻩD．Effｉcienｃy24. Whiｃh of tｈe fｏllowinｇcaｎbｅinｆerred ｆrom tｈｅｐａssage coｎｃerningthe nｅtｗｏrks using aｐplication and circｕitｇaｔｅways？Ａ.Secｕre anｄspeedyﻩＢ. Ｓｅcｕｒe ｂut slｏwC．Inｓｅcure ａnd slowﻩD．Iｎｓeｃure but speedy25. For ｗｈom is thｉs paｓsage moｓｔｌikely wｒittｅｎ：A. Goｖｅrｎｍｅnt ofｆicialｓﻩＢ. HackｅrsC. Netwｏrk ａdmiｎｉｓtraｔorsD. Cｏmpｕｔer experts．Ｑｕｅstioｎs 2６ｔｏ30 ａre bａsed on the ｆoｌｌｏwｉnｇpａｓsage:Intｅrnet is a ｇｌobａl netｗork thaｔｃonnects oｔher coｍpuｔer ｎetwｏｒks, togｅtｈer ｗiｔｈsoftwarｅａｎd protoｃols for cｏntrｏlling the mｏvemenｔｏf data．ThｅInternet, ofｔｅn referreｄtｏa s“tｈeＮｅt”，was initｉatｅｄｉn 1９６９bｙ a grouｐoｆuniｖersitｉeｓaｎdｐrivaｔe reｓearch groｕps fｕnded by ｔｈe Ｕ.S.Dｅpaｒtmenｔof Defeｎｓｅ.Ｉt ｎow coｖｅrs alｍost everｙｃountｒyｉn the wｏrld．Ｉtｓorganizaｔion ｉs iｎｆoｒｍal anｄdelｉberａtely ｎｏnpolｉtical, anｄｉtscoｎtｒollers ｔend tｏｃonceｎtrａｔｅon tecｈｎｉcal aｓpeｃtｓraｔｈeｒthan oｎadminｉstratｉvｅcontrol.Ｔhe Inｔernet offerｓｕserｓnumbeｒof baｓic sｅrvices includinｇｄaｔa traｎsｆeｒ，elecｔrｏnｉcs mail, and thｅabｉlitｙtｏaｃｃesｓiｎfｏrmatioｎin remoｔｅtoexｃhaｎge iｎｆｏｒmatｉon ａｎd ｄｅbate specｉfｉc subjects of inｔerｅｓt. In additｉoｎ, ｔhereａｒeａnｕmber oｆhigh－ｌevｅl sｅrvices. Fｏｒexampｌe,ＭBONＥaｌlｏｗs tｈｅtraｎsmissiｏｎof mesｓaｇeｓto ｍorｅｔhａn ｏnｅdｅstinatiｏn.Ｉt iｓuseｄin viｄｅｏconfeｒenｃinｇ.The Wｏｒｌd Wｉde Web, ｋnown as“tｈe Wｅb”，is another high lｅvel Ｉnternet servicｅ，dｅvｅloped ｉnｔhｅ1９９0s inGeneva. It iｓa ｓeｒvｉce ｆoｒdistriｂuｔiｎg muｌｔimｅdｉａiｎｆormａtion，ｉncluｄiｎg graｐｈｉcs, pictuｒｅs, ｓouｎds, anｄｖidｅo aｓｗｅlｌas texｔ. A fｅａture ofｔｈe World WidｅWeb is that it ａｌlows linｋs to ｏｔher relateｄdｏcuｍｅntｓelsewherｅon the Inｔernet．Docuｍｅｎts for pｕbｌiｃatiｏn on the Web ａrepresented iｎaｆorm knowｎaｓHTML（hypertext marｋup ｌanguage).Thisallows aｓｐecifiｃation ｏf the page lａyｏut aｎd tｙｐogｒaphy as it wｉｌl appｅａr on ｔhe screｅｎ.It alｓoａlｌows ｔhｅinclusion of aｃtive lｉnkｓto ｏthｅr ｄocumeｎts. Generally, theｓe appear ｏn ｔhｅｓｃreen diｓｐｌayａs ｈｉghlｉghｔｅｄtｅxt or as ａdditioｎal icｏｎs．Typically,ｔhe uｓer can use a ｍｏuse to “cｌｉcｋ”oｎonｅof thｅse points tｏload ａnd vｉew aｒelａtｅｄｄｏcumｅnｔ. Mａｎy cｏｍｍercial aｎd public ｏｒganizatｉｏｎs nｏw hａvｅｔheｉr own Weｂｓite(sｐeciｆied bｙan addｒｅss coｄe)aｎd puｂliｓh a “ｈｏmｅpaｇe”,giｖiｎginfｏrmaｔｉon about the organｉzａtiｏn．Up tｏtｈe mｉd 19９０s,thｅmajoｒuｓers oｆthe Interｎｅtｗere aｃademｉcand rｅsearch ｏrganizａtions．Ｔhｉs has begun to cｈange rapｉdｌy wiｔh ｉｎdivｉｄual home useｒs linking in tｈroｕｇh coｍmｅrcialａcｃｅss ｐrovideｒsａｎd with agrｏwiｎg iｎteｒest ｂｙcompanｉes in usｉnｇｔhｅInterｎet ｆor puｂｌicｉｔｙ,sａlｅs, and as a meｄium ｆor elｅｃtroｎｉc pｕｂlｉshｉng．At the samｅtine，ｔheｒｅａｒeｐrｏblｅms with the flow of ｉｎformatiｏn acroｓｓnationａl borders, brｉngｉｎｇin debatｅs about copyright prｏtｅction, ｄatａｐroｔecｔｉon,ｔｈepublicatioｎof poｒnogｒaｐhy,and ulｔｉmａtｅly ｐolitical control aｎdｃensorship.26. From the fiｒst paｒａｇraph, we learn ｔhaｔtｈｅＩｎtｅrｎｅt _____．A.was iniｔｉateｄｂｙthe U.S．DeｐａrtmenｔoｆＤefenｓｅin196９Ｂ.was ｏnlｙable to connect compｕteｒs into networks ｉntｏat its begiｎｎｉｎgC.has not any kinｄoｆｏrｇanizaｔionｂehind it aｔallＤ.workｓiｎdepｅndentlｙof aｎy goveｒnmｅnｔａl cｏntrol27. Acceｓｓｔo remote iｎfｏrmaｔiｏn＿____.Ａ.iｓａhigｈleｖｅｌsｅrvice provided bｙthe ＩｎternｅｔB. is the mｏst nｏtabｌｅfeaturｅｗitｈthe IntｅｒneｔC．isａbaｓic fｕnctiｏn perfｏrmed by the InteｒnetD. ｃan onlｙbe acｈieｖed ｂy thｅＩnｔｅrｎｅt28. Ｉt can be infｅｒred tｈat the devｅloｐmeｎｔｏfＨTMLｐrepared the way fｏr___＿_.A.evｅn fａｒthｅr infoｒｍａtioｎtrａnsｆerB.onlinｅcommerciａl promotionsC．ａｃademic ｕsｅｓD. diｓtribｕｔiｎg multｉmｅｄia ｉnｆorｍaｔioｎ29. Wｈich oｆthe folloｗinｇiｓｎot a probleｍbrｏｕｇｈｔin bｙthｅpoｐｕlariｚatioｎoｆｔhe Iｎtｅrnet?Ａ. Ｄifｆicultｙin ｉnｓｐecｔing thｅｃｏｎtent of publicatiｏns．B．Dｉfficｕｌty ｉｎproteｃting cｏpy rigｈｔacrｏss natｉonal borｄers.C. Dｉffiｃulty in ｐrｏｍoｔing ｓａlesｏf superioｒprｏductｓ.D．Tｈe ｐosｓibｉlitｙｔhaｔpotentially harmfｕl coｎｔent ｍaｙbｅｐublｉshed 30. Thiｓpaｓsage fｏcuses on_____.Ａ. tｈe inｓｔｒｕctions for thｅＩｎｔernet useｒｓＢ.the hisｔoricａl devｅlopmｅｎt of the ＩnternetＣ.ｔhe kinds of dａｔａtrａnsferred thrｏｕｇhｔｈe IntｅｒneｔD．thｅpｒoblｅmｓbrｏuｇht ａbout tｈe InteｒnetＱuｅstｉoｎs 31ｔo ３5 ａre baｓed oｎthe followiｎg passage:Thｅｒelａtionｓhip betｗeｅn ｔhe home and market economiｅs hａsｇoｎｅtｈougｈｔwo disｔinct staｇeｓ. Eaｒlyｉndusｔrｉａlizatｉｏn beｇiｎthe proceｓｓof ｔｒaｎsｆerrinｇsomｅproduｃtion pｒocess (e.g.ｃloth maｋing, ｓeｗinｇand canninｇfoｏd) from thｅhｏme to the markｅtplace. Aｌthougｈｔhe home eｃonoｍy cｏｕlｄsｔilｌｐrｏｄuce tｈese gｏod, the more importanｔｓeｃond ｓtagｅwａs evｉdeｎt-the marketplａcｅ, and home ｅcｏｎoｍy was uｎabｌe tｏproduce theｍ, e.g. ｅlectｒｉｃｉty and eleｃtrical appliaｎces ｔhe aｕｔomobile, adｖaｎcｅd educatioｎ, sophiｓticated ｍｅdiｃaｌcaｒｅ. In tｈe sｅcond sｔａｇe，thｅｑueｓtioｎof whetheｒtｈe hｏme economｙwaｓlｅss effiｃieｎt in ｐrｏdｕcｉng ｔhesｅnｅw gｏodｓａndserviｃe wａs iｒrelevant; if the faｍily weｒe to enｊoy ｔｈｅse ｆruｉtｓof induｓtriaｌizatiｏn,theyｗouｌd ｈave to bｅobtaｉnｅdｉn tｈe ｍａrｋetｐｌａce.Tｈe traditioｎａlｗays ｏｆtａkiｎｇｃaｒe ｏf thｅｓe neｅds in tｈe home ｓuch ａs inｎｕrsｉnｇthｅｓｉck,ｂecame ｓｏciａｌly uｎacｃeptabｌｅ(ａｎd, ｉnｍoｓt sｅriouｓcaseｓ, proｂably ｌeｓs ｓucceｓsful）.Jｕsｔasｔhe appearａnceoｆｔhｅaｕtomobile ｍａde ｔhe use of the horｓe draｗn carriage ｉllegal and thｅn imｐraｃtｉcaｌ,ａnd ｔｈｅappeａrance of ｔelｅviｓion cｈangeｄｔhe rａdiofrom ａsoｕrce ｏf enｔeｒｔaｉnmeｎt tｏa source ｏf backgrｏund music，so mｏsｔofｔｈe fｒuｉtｓｏｆeconｏmiｃｇrowｔh dｉd noｔincｒeaｓeｄflexibｉlitｙfor theｈomｅeconomy in obtaｉｎinｇｔhese gｏod aｎd seｒｖices. Ｉnsｔｅaｄ, ecｏｎomｉcｇrowth brougｈt with it inｃreased consuｍer ｒeｌiａnce oｎthe market－ｐｌacｅ. In ordeｒtｏconｓｕme thesｅnew ｇoods ａｎｄｓervices, ｔhe fａmｉlyhad to ｅｎter tｈｅｍarketpｌace as wagｅeａrners aｎd coｎsｕmers. The neoｃlａsｓicaｌ(新古典主义的）modｅl that vieｗs thｅfamｉly as decｉding ｗhetheｒto ｐroduｃe goodｓａnd seｒｖｉces ｄirectly or toｐuｒcｈase ｔhｅm in the markeｔplａceis bａsicａlly ａmodel of the fｉｒst stage. Ｉtｃａnnｏt accｕrａtelｙbe aｐpliedｔo theｓecoｎd(ａnｄcｕrrent) stagｅ.31. The reaｓon wｈｙmany ｐroducｔiｏｎpｒocessｅｓｗere taｋｅn oｖｅr by ｔhemａrｋeｔpｌace was thａt ．A．ｉt waｓ a ｎeｃesｓａry stｅｐin tｈｅｐroceｓs of industrialiｚationＢ. ｔhey dｅpeｎd on eｌｅcｔｒｉｃity avaｉlaｂle onlｙto ｔhｅmarｋeｔｅconomyC. it ｗas ｔroｕbｌesｏmｅｔo pｒｏduｃe sｕｃh gｏoｄs in ｔhｅhomeD. the marｋｅtplaｃe was more effｉcieｎｔｗith ｒesｐｅctｔo theｓe processes32. Itｃaｎbe ｓeｅn ｆrｏm the passage ｔhat in the second sｔaｇｅ.A．some ｔrａditiｏnａl goodｓand ｓervice weｒe ｎot sucｃｅsｓｆｕl beｃauｓe ｔhｅｐroduｃtｉon proceｓｓremaｉnｅd unchａngedB. thｅmaｒｋet ecｏnomｙproviｄed goｏｄs aｎd serｖices which were ｎｏt prｏｖided by the hｏｍe economｙC．prodｕｃing ｔrａｄitioｎaｌgoodｓat hｏme becａme sｏciａlly unacceｐｔableD. ｔhe qｕｅstion oｆwhetｈer ｎｅw goｏds and seｒｖiｃes ｗerｅprodｕceｄｂｙthｅhｏmｅｅconｏmｙｂecａmｅｉrrｅleｖant33. Duｒｉng tｈe sｅｃoｎd stage，if ｔhe fａmily wanｔed to coｎsｕmｅnew servｉces,they haｄtoｅnter tｈe markeｔplace .A. asｗａgｅeaｒｎeｒsB. boｔh ａs maｎｕｆactuｒｅｒs and conｓumｅrsC. boｔh as wｏrｋers anｄcoｎsumersD. as custoｍeｒs34. Econoｍｉc groｗｔｈｄｉd nｏt mａkｅｉt mｏreｆlexiｂle foｒthe home eｃonoｍy ｔo obｔａin ｔｈe new goodｓanｄｓerｖicesｂecause .A. ｔhe famiｌy ｗas not effｉｃient in prｏductioｎＢ. it was ilｌegal for the home ecｏnoｍy to pｒodｕｃｅthｅｍC. it coｕld noｔsｕpply thｅmｂｙitselfD. ｔhｅmarket for ｔhesｅgooｄs and serｖｉｃeｓwａs ｌｉmｉtｅd35. The neoｃlａsｓical ｍodel isｂasicallｙａmｏdｅl of the fｉrst stage, beｃａusｅatthｉs sｔａge ．Ａ．tｈe faｍｉly ｃould relｙｅiｔher on tｈe hｏmｅecｏnoｍy or on tｈe maｒketplａcｅfoｒtｈe needｅd gｏods ａnｄserviｃesB.manｙｐrodｕｃtion proceｓseｓweｒe ｂeinｇtranｓｆerrｅd to tｈｅmarkeｔplaceC.conｓumers reliｅd more anｄmoｒe on tｈe markeｔｅcｏnｏmｙD. the fａmiｌy could ｄeｃiｄe how to transｆerｐroｄｕctｉon pｒoｃesses to the maｒketplace二、逻辑部分（1５X2%=3０%）36. 尽管大多数大学拥有教职员工发明的专利权,但教职员工拥有他们著书或文章的版税。
香港中文大学MA语言学笔试Jan
2015-16 CUHK Recruitment TestMA in LinguisticsMA in Chinese Linguistics and Language AcquisitionName __________________________Email __________________________Phone __________________________University __________________________City __________________________Province __________________________Section OneAnswer all the questions in this section.Question 1AguacatecThe following data are from Aguacatec, an indigenous language of Guatemala.Examine the distribution of the voiced and voiceless liquids ([l], [r], [l] and [r]).Determine if they are allophones of separate phonemes or allophones of thesame phoneme. What is your evidence?a.[l munʧ] ‘lemon’j. [ʧerkʃ] ‘scissors’b.[teʧl] ‘sign’k. [ploh] ‘useless’c.[r meril] ‘hope’l. [seluʔ] ‘your substitute’d.[wempl] ‘my ribs’m. [hobil] ‘knife’e.[bnol] ‘maker’n. [lab] ‘ghost’f.[jol] ‘word’o. [teruʔ] ‘now’g.[tsontr] ‘against’p. [balk] ‘brother-in-law’h.[ʔuʔpl] ‘firecrackers’q. [qloʔ] ‘perhaps’i.[bibl] ‘Bible’r. [l benuʔ] ‘you go’Question 2TzutujilIdentify the morphological constituents and their meanings in the followingTzutujil verbs. Tzutujil is a Mayan language spoken in Guatemala. (A note on Tzutujil spelling: x is pronounced [ʃ], and 7 is pronounced [ʔ].)a.xinwari ‘I slept’g. xoqeeli ‘we left’b.neeli ‘he or she leaves’h. ninwari ‘I sleep’c.ne7eeli ‘they leave’i. xixwari ‘you(pl) slept’d.nixwari ‘you(pl) sleep’j. xe7eeli ‘they left’e.xateeli ‘you(sg) left’k. xwari ‘he or she slept’f.natwari ‘you(sg) sleep’How would you say ‘I left’, ‘he or she sleeps’, ‘we sleep’?Question 3Consider (1), (2) and the conversation below.(1) Peter will write a letter.(2) The picture on the wall is awesome.Professor Li: Why do we generally refer to “write a letter” and “on the wall” as VP and PP respectively?John: We call “write a letter” a VP because the string has a verb in it. Similarly,“on the wall” is a PP because it has a preposition in it.Do you agree with John? Why (not)?Section TwoDiscuss one of the topics below in either English or Chinese:The following opinions are popular but they do not necessarily reflect our current understanding of language acquisition. Explain why we have reasons to believe otherwise.Question 1Bilingualism is for smart kids only.Question 2Babies live in their own little worlds and do not communicate with adults before they can speak.Section ThreeChoose one of the following questions and write a one-page essay in response to the question. Please follow the style of academic discourse, and conventions for citation and reference (if any). Please use English only.Question 1Language endangerment and language revitalization are gaining more attention in the field of linguistics in recent decades. Discuss the possible factors that may lead to language extinction and what revitalization strategies one may adopt to revert this process. Cite examples from your own country if possible to support your answers?Question 2Discuss the role of input and interaction in second language acquisition. Whatkind of input is most helpful? How might interaction help language learning?What are the implications for teaching? Be specific.--End of Paper--。
香港中文大学博士申请2013-2014入学笔试题目
香港中文大学博士申请2013-2014入学笔试题目第一篇：香港中文大学博士申请2013-2014入学笔试题目香港中文大学2013-2014语言学专业博士入学笔试此次笔试共有有五道题目，其中第一道必做，后四道中选做两道。
1.给了乔姆斯基（2001）的一段话，大意是语言虽然会受到环境的影响，但是却是由基因决定的一种认知能力，是大脑认知体系的一个子系统（subsystem）。
然后是O’Grady(2010)的一段话，关于浮现主义（emergenism），大意是语言的习得由“非语言因素”决定，如认知，记忆，输入，交际等等、要求：概况上述两种语言观，说明你的理解，然后对其进行评价（critically）2.语音题：sectionA---对“juncture”下了个定义，指的是语音的分界点（？），如great eyes，听起来也可以理解为grey ties。
有人做了一个研究，研究的是英式英语（BE）、新加坡英语（SE）和港式英语（HKE）中的语音分界点，被试分别是上述三种英语的speaker，让他们听辨BE、SE和HKE，记录了正确率和反应时，有三个图表。
要求：观察总结“patterns”，并分析原因。
----这个没看明白，语音学学得不好还有一个sectionB，忘记了，也是跟语音有关的 3.Section A--四组句子，一正一误（1）He asked Mary to leave on her own.*He asked Mary to leave on his own.（2）Peter ordered Mary to leave on her own.*P eter ordered Mary to leave on one’s own.（3）Peter cancelled the trip to save money for himself.*Peter cancelled the trip to save money for oneself.(4)To behave oneself is very important.*To behave himself is very important.要求：1）为每组的正确句子画出树形图2）运用Case theory 和Binding Theory 解释错句3）上述理论多大程度上是Universal的？用你自己的语言的例子进行说明。
对外汉语《二语习得》题库及答案
对外汉语《二语习得》题库及答案第一章单元测试1、判断题：习得与学习二者之间的关系是割裂的。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【错】2、单选题：最早发现习得与学习存在区别的是语言学家（）选项：A:乔姆斯基B:斯蒂芬?克拉申C:洪堡特D:斯韦恩答案: 【斯蒂芬?克拉申】3、多选题：关于习得与学习的关系，下列说法正确的是（）选项：A:可以用两个三角形表示；B:这两个三角形是倒置的；C:这两个三角形是部分交叠的；D:这两个三角形是完全重叠的。
答案: 【可以用两个三角形表示；;这两个三角形是倒置的；;这两个三角形是部分交叠的；】成人完全可以做到和儿童一样习得外语。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【错】5、判断题：儿童习得外语的能力总体上高于成人。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【对】6、判断题：传统语言课堂收到的质疑越来越多，我们应该遵循习得规律，改革创新教学模式和方法。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【对】7、判断题：最早获得的语言一定是最熟悉的。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【错】一个在外国出生的华裔儿童，他最早接触的是汉语，成长过程中主要说英语，那么，下列说法正确的是（）选项：A:他的母语是汉语；B:他的第一语言是汉语；C:他的第二语言是英语；D:他的母语是英语。
答案: 【他的母语是汉语；;他的第一语言是汉语；;他的第二语言是英语；】9、多选题：一个在外国出生的华裔儿童，他成长过程中只接触和说英语，那么，下列说法正确的是（）选项：A:他的母语是英语；B:他的第一语言是英语；C:他没有外语；D:他的外语是英语。
答案: 【他的母语是英语；;他的第一语言是英语；;他没有外语；】10、判断题：第一语言是语言学的概念，母语更多的牵涉到民族学问题。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【对】11、判断题：语言学多是理论研究，心理学、心理语言学等多是实验研究。
（）选项：A:对B:错答案: 【对】第二章单元测试1、多选题：关于大脑和语言习得，行为主义心理学派有两个非常著名的观点，分别是（）。
语言学与作文2012年真题回忆版
626语言学与作文2012年真题回忆版Part one : linguistics没有判断，其他题型都没有变，其中名词解释再次出现“Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis”。
第一题：名词解释1. Allophones2. Syntax3. Duality4. Perfomatives5. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis第二题：填空（十个）1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.2. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is known as a(n) __________.3. "I bought some roses" __________"I bought some flowers".4. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of__________.X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?5. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.6. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.7. Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called __________ rules.8. An independent unit of meaning that can be used freely by itself is called a __________ morpheme.9. A __________ sentence contains two clauses joined by a linking word, such as "and", "but", "or".10. __________is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA.第三题：分析题：1. Imagine you were at a bus stop and two people approached you one after the other. Thefirst said“唉，几点了？”and the second said“不好意思，打搅一下，请问您带表了吗？”What assumptions would you make if you were addressed in these two ways and why would you make them?2. A sentence may be ambiguous.用所学理论画树状图分析句子含义，类似于下面含有歧义的句子“The mother of the boy and girl will arrive soon.”3. What are the possible contexts in which the given sentences can be used for other purposes than just stating facts?(1). The room is messy.(2). I can’t work under untidy circumstances.(3). It would be good if she had a green skirt on.4. 分析一下Grammar Translation Method与Communicative Language Teaching两种教学方法的区别。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2011-12 CUHK Recruitment Test
MA in Linguistics
MA in Chinese Linguistics and Language Acquisition
Name __________________________
Email __________________________
Phone __________________________
University __________________________
City __________________________
Province __________________________
Part One
1. Consider the following verbs from Tohono O’odham, a Native American Language
belonging to the Uto-Aztecan family, and answer questions A and B.
Tohono O’odham English translation
Singular
1.ñeok speaks
2.him walks
3.dagkon wipes
4.helwuin is sliding
5.’ul sticks out
Plural
1.ñeñeok we/you/they speak
2.hihim we/you/they walk
3.dadagkon we/you/they wipe
4.hehelwuin we/you/they are sliding
5.’u’ul we/you/they stick out
Questions
A.Describe, as precisely as you can, how the plural verbs are formed from the
singular verbs. (What must be done to a singular form in order to convert it into a plural form?)
B.What is the name of the morphological process illustrated in the data?
2. Examine the following data from French and answer questions A-D. (Assume that
/e/~/ɛ/, /ö/~/ɔ/, and /o/~/ɔ/ form three pairs of allophones, i.e., 音位变体).
French words English translation
1./bote/ beauté beauty
2./bɛl/ belle beautiful
3./pö/ peu small amount
4./pɔr/ peur fear
5./mo/ mot word
6./mɔr/ mort death
Questions
A.In what environment do /e/, /ö/, and /o/ occur?
B.In what environment do /ɛ/, /ɔ/, and /ɔ/ occur?
C.According to the following chart, what single feature distinguishes /e/, /ö/, and /o/
from /ɛ/, /ɔ/, and /ɔ/?
________________________________________________
e ɛö ɔo ɔ
Back – – – – + +
Round – – + + + +
Tense + – + – + –
D.The word bête ‘beast’ is pronounced [bɛt]. What role do you think the symbols ^
is playing here? (Hint: Note that the final orthographic e is not pronounced. Also, an alternative spelling in an earlier stage of French was bette.)
3. Show the internal structure of each of the phrases below by means of labeled
bracketing or a tree diagram:
A. the student with blue eyes
B. that girl at the dance party last week
C. a student of English
Part Two
Answer one of the questions below in either English or Chinese:
1. Question 1
(a)In the English sentence ‘Mary said Kitty liked herself’, what does ‘herself’ refer
to? What syntactic category does ‘herself’ belong to?
(b)Think about your own native language. Does it also contain words such as
‘herself’? If yes, what are they? In what ways are they similar to or different
from English in terms of what they actually refer to in a sentence? Provide
examples to justify your answers.
2. Question 2
Compare and contrast the following types of SLA analysis. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of them? Illustrate your answers with examples.
a)Contrastive analysis
b)Error analysis
c)Interlanguage analysis
Part Three
Choose one of the following questions and write a one-page essay in response to the questions. Please use English, as much as you can, to answer the question. Please quote the name of the author(s) whose work(s) you refer to in your answer to observe academic honesty.
(1)What are the differences between children's first language acquisition and adult's
second language acquisition? Please identify and elaborate three major differences from cognitive, environmental, and affective points of view.
(2)Reflect on language reform in China since 1949. Discuss the achievements and
shortcomings in one aspect of the reform (such as the popularization of Putonghua, the promotion of Pinyin, or the simplification of the Chinese characters).
(3)Discuss examples of reciprocal and non-reciprocal use of address terms and
discuss their significance in the particular culture involved.
(4)Discuss the importance of phonological awareness in vocabulary acquisition with
reference to the structure of the human memory. What are the components of the working memory? How does each of these components function in vocabulary acquisition, and how does the working memory interact with the long-term memory?。