四级翻译练习参考译文

1. 刺绣（embroidery）是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养与纺丝技术的发展。中国是世界上第一个发现和使用丝绸的国家。早在5000年前，中国就已经开始饲养蚕。丝线和丝制品的生产促进了刺绣艺术的诞生。时至今日，丝绣几乎传遍整个中国。最好的绣品通常被认为来源于下面四省：江苏（尤其是苏州）、湖南、四川和广东，各省绣品各有特色。

Embroidery, a folk art with a long tradition, has an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. During the course of its long development, embroidery has become inseparable from the raising of silkworms, silk reeling and weaving.

China was the first country in the world where silk was woven. Silkworms were domesticated as early as some 5,000 years ago. The production of silk threads and fabrics gave rise to the art of embroidery. Today, silk embroidery is practiced nearly all over China. it is generally agreed that the best commercial products come for four provinces: Jiangsu(notably), Hunan, Sichuan and Guangdong , each with its distinctive features.

2. 川剧（Sichuan Opera）就像四川火锅以及其他的名菜一样动人、丰富。变脸（face changing）是川剧中的一大亮点。据说，古人在他们的脸上作画，以便赶走野生动物。川剧吸收了这一古老的技艺并将其升华为一门艺术。变脸是一门神奇的艺术。演员在不到20秒的时间内要换十多次脸谱。通过举手、摆袖或摇头，演员使用不同的脸谱来表现不同的情绪，并通过看得见摸得着的脸谱表达出看不见摸不着的感情。

Sichuan Opera, like hot-pot and other Sichuan cuisine winners, is exciting, rich and good-natured. Face changing is the highlight of Sichuan Opera. It is said that ancient people painted their faces to drive away wild animals. Sichuan Opera absorbs this ancient skill and perfects it into an art. Face changing is a magical art. Actors change more than 10 masks in less than 20 seconds! By raising the hand, swinging a sleeve or tossing the head, an actor uses different masks to show different emotions, expressing invisible and intangible feelings through visible and tangible masks.

3.无论中国人走到哪里，都不会改掉喝茶的习惯。茶最先由中国人发现，它是中国人生活中不可或缺的组成部分。有一句中国谚语将基本的日常必需品（basic daily necessities）称为柴、米、油、盐、酱醋茶。一千多年以来，饮茶的习俗已经在中国人心中根深蒂固（ingrained）。唐朝时，一个名叫陆羽的人写了世界上第一部关于茶的著作——《茶经》（book of tea），这部书有助于在中国推广饮茶艺术。

Wherever the Chinese go, the custom of drinking tea follows. Tea was first discovered by the Chinese and it is an indispensable part of the life of the Chinese. A Chinese saying identifies the basic daily necessities as fuel, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, and tea. The custom of drinking tea has been ingrained in the Chinese for over a thousand years. In Tang Dynasty, a man named Lu Yu created the first compendium in the world on tea, Book of Tea. This work helped to popularize the art of tea drinking all across China

4.中国的菜肴拥有许多不同的流派（genre），但是最具影响力并且最为公众所熟悉的就是“八大菜系”（the English Categories of Chinese Cuisine）。它们是：鲁菜、川菜、粤菜、闽菜、苏菜、浙菜、湘菜以及徽菜。确定一种流派形式的关键要素十分复杂，包括历史、烹饪特征、地理、气候、资源以及生活方式。不同地区的菜肴各具特色，因此尽管有时两个地区互相毗邻，但是它们的风格却完全不同。

Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, but the most influential and typically known by the public are the “Eight Categories of Chinese Cuisine”. These are as follows: Shandong Cuisine, Sichuan Cui sine, Guangdong Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, and Anhui Cuisine. The essential factors