高中英语新高考-秒杀任务型阅读(解读,指导与实战)
高中英语新高考-阅读理解的进阶：文本解读指导(方法+实例)(两篇)
高中英语新高考-阅读理解的进阶：文本解读指导（方法+实例）（两篇）正文李筱菊说：说一句话，必然有一个要传达的主信息（message）。
主信息的核心（gist）=主题（topic）+表述（predication）。
例子：学生甲问：还有时间吗？乙说：不早了。
9点了。
乙的主信息核心是：时间不早了。
主题是时间，表述是九点。
9点是主信息的辅助信息（supporting info）。
主信息的构成，除了核心外，往往还有辅助信息，包括辅助性事实或观点（supporting facts or ideas）。
譬如乙除了表达表层信息（surface message）,很有可能传达潜信息（underlying message）,可能是：都9点了，你还不抓紧。
当然更有可能结合他的语气或态度（tone or attitude）。
这里的潜信息才是我们命题阅读要挖掘的，有时体现为语篇的意图（purpose）或功能（function）。
如果阅读文本里有潜信息，我们的文本解读没有涉及，那么都不算有效。
下面这张图是李筱菊的：这张表告诉我们：1、命题阅读（我们也可以称之为文本解读中的评判性思维的提问）首先要抓主信息的核心，包含了潜主信息的核心（实质、功能、意图、态度）。
2、辅助信息，包括情景因素、细节因素等，或构成关键提问点，或构成相关提问点，或是无关提问点，这都是针对主信息核心而言的。
葛炳芳老师说，提问不能偏离中心，大概就是这个意思。
我们提问，先考虑关键提问点，杜绝无关提问点。
但是一段里的主信息有时是多个，这样个别主信息又可能成为辅助信息。
李老师的图写于上个世纪八十年代，这个葛炳芳老师的4I策略是有共通之处的。
葛老师的理解文章的表层信息相当于表层主信息核心；理解信息点之间的相关联系，即：要理解散落在文本各处的信息点之间的相互联系，读者需要重点解读时间、地点、人物、事件、例子、场景之间的相互关系。
这相当于确定不同主信息之间的主次，有的主信息可能是论点，有的可能是论据的辅助信息。
高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(及答案)
高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(及答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
They Just Can't Help ItMy theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy —the ability to understand other people —and that the male brain is mainly built for building systems. ________ For example, women are more likely to read magazines on fashion and parenting, while men will choose magazines that feature computers and sport.You may think that these preferences are influenced by the way people are taught to behave when they are growing up. However, this is not the case. A new study carried out at Cambridge University shows that newborn girls look longer at a face, and newborn boys look longer at a mobile. ________ It has also been observed that girls are better at noticing signs of changes in other people's feelings. Boys, however, seem to enjoy building toy towers and playing with toys which have clear functions. ________ People whose jobs are in the construction industries are almost male. Math and engineering, which require high levels of systems-thinking, are also male-chosen disciplines. Why do men and women have the difference? Actually women have four times as many brain neurons (神经) that connect the right and left part of their brains. Because of it, women have a better ability to multitask than men. ________ Men tend to focus on a limited number of problems at a time. They will separate themselves from problems and view tasks as independent from one another.Some people may worry that I am suggesting one gender (性别) is better than the other, but this is not the case. My theory says that males and females differ in the kinds of things that they find easy, but that both genders have their strengths and weaknesses. ________ It is not true. The study simply looks at males and females as two groups, and asks what differences exist, and why they are there.A. Generally speaking, there are clear differences.B. Their preference for building systems may change over time.C. You can see the same kind of pattern in the adult workplace.D. They will consider many sources of information at the same time.E. It is important to stress that the female brain may be built more for empathy.F. That suggests certain differences between male and female brains are biological.G. Others may think the theory creates a belief of what a particular type of person is like.【答案】 A；F；C；D；G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，阐述男性与女性差异各有优缺点。
（考前添分指导）江苏省2021高考英语 任务型阅读指导（精讲精析）(1)
任务型阅读解题指导题型特点任务型阅读（Task-base d reading）要求学生在限定的时刻内，依照文章提供的信息，用适当的词语完成与文章相关的图表。
该题型要紧考查学生关于不同文体和不同题材语言材料的明白得能力，和归纳、提取信息的能力。
任务型阅读偏重语篇分析和文章脉络的剖析，即文章的结构和框架。
题目常依照必然的逻辑顺序展开。
考生要在分析了解文章篇章结构的基础上，认真对照图表上所要完成的任务，一一对照原文进行信息的挑选。
任务型阅读要求考生不但把握具体事实情节，又要明白得其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、用意等，把握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想；既要明白得文章的含义及逻辑关系，又要依照其含义及逻辑关系进行判定和推理，运用材料中的信息去明白得、分析问题。
任务型阅读常见归纳辞汇表原因reason (for); cause (of)表概括、总结summary; conclusion表目的purpose; aim; goal表特点feature; characteristic; character表种类kind; type; category; class; form表评论、评价comment (on); remark(on/upon); assessment表方式、方法means; way; method; approach(to doing sth.)表问题problem; question; issue表建议suggestion; advice; tip表要求、需求demand; need; requirement; qualification表态度、观点attitude; idea; opinion; viewpoint; view表情绪、感觉feeling; emotion; motivation表用途、功能use; usage; function表步骤step; procedure; process任务型阅读常见同义转换1. take advantage of = make use of2. by accident/ chance = accidentally3. take sth. into consideration/account = consider4. in all/ total = totally5. oppose sth. = be against sth. = object to sth. = disagree with sth.6. in the beginning = at first7. be responsible for = take/shoulder/bear responsibility for8. take an active part in sth. = take part in sth. actively9. approve of = in favor of = agree to = favor = subscribe to10. have faith/ trust in = trust = believe in11. out of breath = breathlessly12. cope with = deal with = handle13. in a hurry/rush = hurriedly14. despite = in spite of15. valuable = be of value16. make an apology = apologize17. encourage participation in = take part in = play a role in = participate in18. understand clearly = have a clear understan ding of19. matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference20. explain = make an explanation21. offer sth. to sb. = provide sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb.22. have access to = be accessible to = be available to23. use up = run out of24. stop = quit = give up25. be accused of = be charged with26. most of the people = the majority of the people27. benefit = be beneficial to = be of benefit to28. cater to one’s needs/demands/requirements = satisfy one’s needs/demands/requirements = meet one’s needs/demands/requireme nts29. starve to death = die of hunger/starvation30. all at once = all of a sudden = suddenly31. in particular = particularly32. deliberately = on purpose33. out of the question = impossible = less likely34. take the ri sk of doing sth. = risk doing sth.35. respect sb.= show respect for sb. = look up to sb.= be respectful to sb.36. prepare = make preparations for = get ready for37. take in = absorb38. appear = turn up = show up39. give a description of = describe40. lead to = cause = bring about = result in41. be different from = differ from42. commit suicide = kill oneself43. succeed in doing sth. = manage to do sth.44. be in response to sth.= respond to = react to45. make up something new = invent46. a person with a physical disability = a disabled person47. go through = experience48. varieties of = different kinds of = a variety of = various49. make contributions to = contribute to50. stand for = represent51. be willing to do sth. = do sth. willingly52. give permission to = permit53. that is to say = in other words = namely54. come to sb’s aid = aid55. damage =cause damage to56. all the year round = throughout the year57. in any case = at any rate = at any price/cost58. without doubt = undoubtedly59. make an impression = impress60. put up with = stand = bear = endure以2021江苏高考题为例Quiet Virtue: The ConscientiousThe everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责) —being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous (一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities —are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. I t’s the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline. Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi-skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. It is particularly important for outstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization: the secretary whose message taking is perfect, the delivery truck driver who is always on time.Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales. Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market, because employees with this quality areamong the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better than they actually are. Their reputation for dependability influences managers’ evaluations of their work, giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgme ntal when others don’t show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising, openness to wild ideas and spontaneity (自发性) are scarce and in demand. Success in such occupations calls for a balance, however; without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.【解题步骤】1. 通读全文，把握大意，理顺文章结构。
最新高考英语专题复习 任务型阅读(含答案)
最新高考英语专题复习任务型阅读(含答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ "You keep what matters," Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.G. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.【答案】D；C；G；F；B【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。
山东高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(附答案)
山东高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(附答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Reading the world in 195 booksIn 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country of all 195 UN-recognized states in a year. ________. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books. Others did hours of research on my behalf. ________. Even with such an extraordinary team behind me, however, sourcing books was no easy task.But the effort was worth it. As I made my way through the planet's literary landscapes, extraordinary things started to happen. Far from simply armchair travelling, I found I was inhabiting the mental space of the storytellers. I discovered, bookpacking offered something that a physical traveller could hope to experience only rarely: it took me inside the thoughts of individuals living far away and showed me the world through their eyes. More powerful than a thousand news reports, these stories not only opened my mind to basic information of life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel. ________. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realized I was not an isolated person, but part of a network that stretched all over the planet.One by one, the country names on the list that had begun as an intellectual exercise transformed into places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. ________. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者阅读了195本书中的世界，曾经似乎陌生而遥远的土地对作者来说变得亲近而熟悉。
高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧
高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧阅读理解实力是高考试题的主要考查内容。
除了阅读理解题型外，完形填空和任务型读写题型也都兼具考查考生的阅读理解实力。
任务型读写题中的阅读实力同样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领悟文章的主旨大意，快速理解句段细微环节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系，要能够理解文章的观点、看法和意图，同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟。
任务型读写的`体裁主要是说明文和争论文。
1.审题思路(1)一审表格结构。
留意文章内容脉络，标题和所需的表达类型。
(2)二审短文意义。
留意文章的段落和表格的匹性。
(3)三审语法运用。
留意涉及到的构词法和语法项目。
2.词性与句子成分的全都性关系英语中的十大词类均在句子中充当成分，记住词性与成分关系：(1)谓语：动词(具备人称、数、时态、语态、语气、情态的改变特点)。
记住：英语中任何完整的句子都离不开谓语动词，没谓语动词的句子通常是错误的。
(2)主语和宾语：名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式和从句。
(3)表格和补语：名词、代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、非修饰性副词、非谓语形式和从句。
(4)定语：名词及其全部格、代词、数词、形容词、副词、非谓语形式和从句。
(5)状语：副词、形容词、不定式、分词和从句。
(6)同位语：名词、代词、动名词、不定式和从句。
千万记住以上六条，另外切记：(1)“the+形容词”可转化为名词表示一类人/物。
(2) 形容词充当状语只表示主语特征和状态，不修饰谓语动词;修饰谓语动词用副词。
He got home at last, tired and hungry. He was lying on the grass, relaxed. He sings happily.(3)能接宾语的只有及物动词和介词，构成动宾和介宾结构。
(4)主、谓、宾、表、补语是句子的基本成分，不行或缺;定、状、同位语是修饰成分，缺少时基本句型依旧成立。
英语高考任务型阅读技巧(精选5篇)
英语高考任务型阅读技巧(精选5篇)英语高考任务型阅读技巧（精选篇1）标题的选择要遵循“精、准、全”三原则。
“精”是指要用精炼的语言概括出*的中心;“准”是指标题的选择要注意*的外延和内涵，不能扩大或缩小*的内容;“全”是指标题的选择应该排除掉那些片面的选项，而正确地选取能包含*的主要内容及作者要表达的观点的选项。
英语高考任务型阅读技巧（精选篇2）解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了什么样的口气。
若用褒义词，显然是赞成;若用贬义词，显然是反对;若客观陈述，则是中性的立场，不偏不倚。
因此，同学们在做这种题目时，应注意其中所使用的一些形容词，另外，我们可以寻找文中的转折词，一般转折词后面的文段表明了作者的观点。
英语高考任务型阅读技巧（精选篇3）在英语的阅读方面，注意把握篇章的整体信息，充分考虑线索的提示，仔细审题并提取重要信息点。
而且英语阅读可以通过不断的刷题总结出一些出题规律，真题也是比较好资源，可以用来好好练习，体会出题风格。
在作文方面，很多考生认为，短文写作只要文笔漂亮就可以得高分，其实不然。
文笔相近的考生作文，由于其卷面书写的不同，受到评分细则的制约(明确规定字迹占有分值)和阅卷教师印象的影响，得分会拉开差距。
还有部分考生爱在临考前背诵范文，以备不时之需。
其实照搬范文太冒险，作品涉及道德诚信问题，一律零分处理。
那能不能照抄原文呢?答案也是不行的，英语作文尽量要尝试用自己的话语表达意思，如果一定要使用模板也是先背诵模板，能够背诵后要在能够灵活使用的基础上在使用，将模板转换为自己的语言才是比较好的。
在往年阅卷中还发现，部分考生仅仅对某一个或几个语法现象记忆深刻，导致在填写完成句子时，大部分题目都使用的是某一种语法结构，这样答题显然与考试要求违背，因为同一个语法知识点不会重复考查。
考生还是应该了解考试说明中所要求掌握的单词、词组、句型和语法有哪些，对一些常考的项目了然于心。
有效适度地使用从句和连接词。
英语高考任务型阅读技巧（精选篇4）细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将*中的几个细节(通常是四个)放在一起要求考生判断是非(选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项)或对几个细节进行排序等。
高三英语高三英语任务型阅读解题方法讲解与练习PPT课件
Only experts and 84 know the worldwide navigation.
4
Chinese admiral Zheng He discovered the American continent 72 years before Christopher Columbus, said Efrain Hallax, a researcher at Panama’s International Maritime University, on Friday.
Find and fill in
2.There will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science.
In areas like mathematics and science, students will be __________.
The problems caused by lack of
vitamin B are w__e_a_k_n_e_s_s_ and
slow growth. (n.)
adj.
n.
weak
weakness
11
Sentence Practice
Find and fill in
4. Students rise respectfully when the teacher enters the room.
A. fair treated B. treated fair
C. treat fairly
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高中英语新高考-秒杀任务型阅读（解读，指导与实战）这个题型说白了，就是定位，转换。
转换无非就是变形，变性，同义转换说法，概括总结。
难在同义转换。
如果你知道turn off有使人厌烦之意，那么下面让你用一个词来说明be ______ = turn...off，你应该知道是tired, bored。
但是，你不知道也没有关系，因为命题人的设题规律虽说都知道，但是还是有缺陷。
从2008年开始有了这个任务型以来，笔者专门研究此题型，算为元老了吧，撰写此类题目（大概500篇），一度有两年江苏孩子用的报纸任务型基本出自本人之手。
因此我对其中门道还是比较熟悉：其一：任务型阅读设空答案必须尽量唯一，而唯一就必须直接用原文的词语，往年高考真题中此题型等于送分题。
但是后来，对直接用原文词语作了限制，顶多两个。
于是就要在转换上下足功夫。
开始是通过词性变化，谁料一开始还能难住江苏考生，等考生熟悉了后，就是小菜一碟了，于是往短语和逻辑推理上使劲。
这样就导致两个不可避免的方向：1）短语必须是固定的搭配，要不然答案众多。
如果考生短语搭配掌握还行，那就直接可以秒杀。
反之，就瞎蒙。
2）逻辑推理上，这个纯粹是考查智力了，一般来说有两题就直接要考生的小命。
有一年年这样的题目一下子上来四个，导致全省此题型均分1分多一点，后来被教研员称为“废题”，引以为戒。
其二：任务型阅读表格必须简化，换句话说文章再难，表格里的文字要通俗易懂，而且85%能再现文章的大意。
我们的很多考生一上来就读文，结果文章容易还好说，要是第一段读不懂就开始发慌。
其三：此类题型实际有很大的弊端，因为有些可以考到的词基本稳定下来了，尤其是概括词，概括词分为两类：一是被考烂的普遍意义词，如reasons, ways，一是标题词。
命题人也很苦恼啊，不能用常见的，那只能用后者了。
概括词若是类似于标题，就应该在文章中有反复出现，要不然就不符合英文行文规律。
围绕这三点，结合一般做题规律，于是有了此技巧：任务型阅读解题终极技巧任务型阅读技巧：第一步：看表格，细分析，最快速度找概括词的空和含有短语类的空。
概括词一般都在右面找到一个共性的词语，这个词语或隐或显。
只要你足够耐心，都会发现的。
什么definition, concept, difference, reasons,approaches都是弱智型答案的，现在基本都是根据右栏隐词得出，也不难。
最好得得就是短语，总有两到三个空，是固定短语，例如南京三模中的make joint efforts, a lack of.还有一些是逻辑推测，例如苏锡常的，部队先_____城市，然后屠杀居民，这个空还用看文章吗，肯定是占领或攻克了。
总有一两个这样的词汇。
如此算下来，再难的任务型，不看文章都能根据表格拿下4空了。
再加上总有三个空可以直接定位（根据专有名词或数字等），将词语变形变性即可。
第二步：定位，比较先找定位词（长相特别的词如数字，大写专有名词等，有时要结合下一题的原句所在往前回溯。
）如此，任务型在理论上能拿下6分保底，7分拉分。
当然如果你的词汇量实在太差，例如有的童鞋明知道填“占领”，但是他就是不知道这个单词怎么拼，那我只能说：神仙也没法了。
以上行不通，那就：走为上计还有一类题目，纯粹是命题人在玩文字游戏或有意考查你的高达120的智力。
这样的题目，如果找到了对应句子，还无从下手，那就放弃吧。
实战第一篇：（难度等级：二星）请认真阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
每个空格只填1个单词。
St udents in Finland won’t have to studysubjects. Soon, their classrooms would resemble conferences where “topics” arediscussed.The education system is Finland is about to undergoa thorough and fundamental change, despite enjoying the distinction of beingone of the best in the world. The education department has decided to get ridof the old method of “teaching by subject.” Instead, the country will nowinvolve the children to help them learn and question by evolving to “teachingby topic”, shared Liisa Pohjolainen, who is in charge of youth and adulteducation in Helsinki –the capital city at the forefront of the reformprogram, “This is going to be a big change in education in Finland that we’rejust beginning.”The education system, though appearing to beradical, is quite logical, explained Pasi Silander, the city’s developmentmanager, “What we need now is a different kind of education to preparepeoplefor working life. Young people use quite advanced computers. In the past thebanks had lots of bank clerks adding up figures but now that has totallychanged. We therefore have to make the changes in education that are necessaryfor industry and modern society.”How does Finland plan to carry out the methodof “teaching by topic”? Evidently holistic vocational training and cumulativeskill development take up precedence over(优先于) “lessons.”Those in their late teens are already being engaged in what Finland refers toas “teaching by topic. ”For example, “cafeteria services” lessons will includeelements of finance, languages (to help serve foreign customers), writingskills and communication skills.Students will slowly be taught cross-subjecttopics which would contain varying elements of multiple “subjects.” Theseelements will vary as per the “topic” or “skill” the studen t is learning. Apartfrom the same, students will move away from the traditional sitting andevaluation techniques as well.Students will sit in smaller groups and worktogether to solve problems, improving upon their communication skills. Theywon’t be made to sit in rows and asked questions individually to assess theirprogress. Instead, a group whose cooperative efforts bring out results fasterwill be promoted.The education system needs a thorough reform,owing to the fact that traditional teaching techniques were based on primitivetools that were quite limited in availability and accessibility. With modernworld being extensively connected, isn’t it time the students learned how tostep ahead of mere fact-based learning that promotes memory expansion ratherthan mental development?第一步:看表格,秒杀概括词和短语搭配词短语固定搭配5个The education department will (71) ▲ the old method of “teaching by subject” with “teaching by topic.”短语搭配词一般都是动词和介词联合,有点像我们说的“男女搭配，干活不累”。
这里是with，再结合句意：前面是按照学科教，后面是按照话题教，而且按照学科教是“old”（老的，言下之意，过时了），自然是replace了，构成短语：replace…with…，即：用……代替……(73) ▲ will be given to vocational training and cumulativeskill development rather than “lessons”.解析：一看这个空，第一时间跳出搭配：give priority to，这个短语你应该知道的，因为写作中这个短语和attach importance to是高级高频短语，意为“重视”。