在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷12
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷1
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷1(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：4，分数：40.00)It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don"t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth"s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but "nice" isn"t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you"ll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. (345 words)（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should______.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask for the salary he hopes to get √解析：解析：本题属于简单推理题。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict. Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators. In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Griven the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions. (253 words)1．In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is______.A．wrongB．oversimplifiedC．misleadingD．unclear正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows______.A．the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB．the real value of conflictC．the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD．the complexity of defining the roles of conflict正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．We can learn from Schwenk’s research that______.A．a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization B．conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC．different people resolve conflicts in different waysD．it is impossible for people to avoid conflict正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations______.A．there is no end of conflictB．expression of different opinions is encouragedC．decisions must be justifiableD．success lies in general agreement正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．People working in a not-for-profit organization______.A．seem to be difficult to satisfyB．are free to express diverse opinionsC．are less effective in making decisionsD．find it easier to reach agreement正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship”to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent (慈善的) orthat consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction—the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled! (269 words)6．The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ______.A．the practice of turning goods into moneyB．making goods available for purchaseC．the customer-centered approachD．a form of persuasive salesmanship正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A．The needs of the market.B．The efficiency of production.C．The satisfaction of the user.D．The preferences of the dealer.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible”(Line 4, Para. 1) means “______”.A．to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB．to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC．to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD．to redesign these goods for large-scale production正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A．Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B．It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C．Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D．Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on______.A．its main characteristicB．its social impactC．its possible consequenceD．its theoretical basis正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves. “he says. “Resume (简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate,”Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,”says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco. “We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.”Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time. “says Garfield, “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. “ Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake. Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow. (271 words)11．According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected______.A．because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resumeB．because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resumeC．because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applicationsD．because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．The word “perfectionists” (Line l, Para. 3) refers to those who______.A．demand others to get everything absolutely rightB．know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstancesC．pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectivesD．are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?A．Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.B．Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.C．Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.D．Careless applicants are not to be trusted.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that______.A．minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectivesB．failure is the mother of successC．adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any workD．keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked 正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．The best title for this passage would be______.A．Don’t Be a PerfectionistB．Importance of AdjustmentsC．Details and Major ObjectivesD．Hard Work Plus Good Luck正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people”. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, “the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials (文凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. “The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an “integrated core” of common learning. Such a core would introduce students “to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. “Although the key to agood college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: “Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most. “Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculty say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that “There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. “ (320 words)16．When a college tries to be “all things to all people” (Lines 1~2, Para. 1) it aims to______.A．satisfy the needs of all kinds of students simultaneouslyB．focus on training students in various skillsC．encourage students to take as many courses as possibleD．make learning serve academic rather than productive ends正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．By saying that “in too many academic: fields, the work has no context”(Line 5, Para. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas______.A．ignores the actual situationB．is not based on the right perspectiveC．only focuses on an integrated core of common learningD．gives priority to the cultivation of a global vision among students正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that______.A．a narrow vocationalism has come to dominate many collegesB．students don’t have enough freedom in choosing what they want to learnC．skills are being taught as a means to an endD．students are only interested in obtaining credentials正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．American colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates because______.A．most of them lack high-quality facultiesB．the interests of most faculty members lie in researchC．there are not enough incentives for students to study hardD．they attach greater importance to research and publication than to teaching 正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．It can be inferred from the passage that high-quality college education calls forA．putting academic work in the proper contextB．a commitment to students and effective teachingC．the practice of putting learning to productive endsD．dedication to research in frontier areas of knowledge正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷11
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷11(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：5，分数：50.00)What you give your relatives, friends, husband, or wife can help you know yourself better. Also, what they give you can tell you something about their personality. Most gift-giving(and getting)shows nothing more than the spirit of love and friendship. But it is possible to form some associations between the kinds of things bought and the people buy them. Here is a guide to give what and why. The clothes you wear tell something about your personality. They tell the world not only how you want to be seen but how you see yourself as well. When someone gives you something to wear that agrees with your self-image, they"re saying, "I agree with you. I like the way you are. " Such a gift should be taken as a form of compliment. On the other hand, a gift of clothing that doesn"t match your personality could be an insult to your character. Making something by hand has become the exception in many countries today—so much so that giving a homemade gift is sometimes considered unusual. If you receive a homemade gift, you are lucky. It may not be made perfectly, but it will show a certain quality of love. People who give homemade gifts may be said to be very generous. They have given time and emotion, two important characteristics of being creative. A person who thinks of food when thinking of a gift is good example of what human warmth means. Whether you give a box of chocolates, a bag of oranges, or a ball of cheese, all carry the same message of comfort and support. People who give books as gifts either like reading or would like everyone to think they do. If you happen to receive a large, heavy book, its giver may be much more interested in the way things appear than in the way they actually are. Of course, reading is a way of feeling the emotions of another person and of learning new things. Giving a book can be a way of sharing a feeling or a newly learned meaning. The giver is probably trying to say to you what the book said to him.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph is written mainly to tell readers that______.（分数：2.00）A.the gifts you give can help you understand yourself betterB.the gifts you receive are helpful for you to know the personality of those who give themC.gifts can show friendship and loveD.there is a certain relationship between the kinds of gifts and the people who give them √解析：解析：这是一道段落大意题。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest—curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. (227 words)1．The passage mainly discusses______.A．a new way of highway speed controlB．a new pattern for painting highwaysC．a new approach to training driversD．a new type of optical illusion正确答案：A解析：本题属于主旨大意题。
[考研类试卷]在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编3.doc
![[考研类试卷]在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编3.doc](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d98d1b84aa00b52acfc7ca83.png)
[考研类试卷]在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编3一、英文阅读理解题0 To the people of ancient Egypt, life on earth was short. Life after death, however, was eternal. Therefore they built their tombs of stone and they took their possessions with them into another world.The more important the people, the greater the tomb. The Pharaohs were the rulers of the country and when they died they became gods. Many of their tombs remain, and some have become a wonder of the world.These are the pyramids.The purpose of these stone mountains was to protect the burial chamber from the weather and from thieves who might try to steal the gold, jewels and precious possessions placed there to accompany the dead ruler into eternal life.Their shape, with four triangular sides spreading from a single point, represented the rays of the sun. Their position on the west bank of the River Nile was where the sun set every day and where they believed it began its journey into the other world. All the burial grounds in ancient Egypt were on the west bank of the river.1 Why did the people of ancient Egypt build their tombs of stone?（A）Because they thought life on the earth was short, but life after death was eternal. （B）Because they wanted to bring all their possessions into another world.（C）Because they wanted to protect their possessions into another world.（D）All of the above.2 Where were these pyramids located?（A）Along the both banks of the Nile.（B）In another world.（C）Near the place where they lived.（D）On the west bank of the River Nile.3 Which of the following is NOT true?（A）Only the important people can have the tombs of stone.（B）The Pharaohs became gods after their death.（C）Thieves might steal the precious things placed in the tombs.（D）Some pyramids have become a wonder of the world.4 Whose tombs were the largest and the most impressive of all?（A）The tribe leaders' tombs.（B）The Pharaohs' tombs.（C）The tombs of those who built them.（D）The rulers' wives' tombs.5 In the last paragraph, the italicized "it" indicates______.（A）the sun（B）the river Nile（C）their position（D）a single point5 U. S. jeans maker Levi Strauss & Co. denied it was playing on consumer fears by launching a line of trousers fitted with "anti-radiation(防辐射)" pockets for mobile phones. The trousers, with a lining which the makers say shields(防护物)against radiation, are designed by Dockers, a brand name of Levi Strauss. "We are not implying in any way that mobile phones are dangerous. Our intention is not to cash in on consumerfears but provide the consumers with what they want," Levi's European communications manager Cedric Jungpeter said. The design was the fruit of extensive market research showing that the fashion conscious was also health conscious, Jungpeter said. "The debate is open. Although no study has proved mobile phones are harmful, no study has proved the contrary either. " He added. Worldwide studies into the possible dangers of mobile phones produce often conflicting conclusions. A recent one carried out by Australian researchers over a three-year period showed that radio emissions from mobile phones did not trigger the growth of tumors in mice, and therefore probably did not do so in humans either. And another Australian study concluded cellular phones could foster tumor growth. Swedish research published recently concluded that long-term users of first generation mobile phones faced an up to 80 percent greater risk of developing brain tumors than non-users. But a Danish study last year of 400,000 mobile phone users showed no increased cancer risk.6 The passage focuses on______.（A）the debate on mobile phone's radiation（B）the trousers concerned with mobile phones（C）the researchers on mobile phones'dangers（D）the fruit of worldwide studies into mobile phones7 Levi Strauss Company brought out a line of trousers fitted with "anti-radiation" pockets with a view to______.（A）attracting possible consumers with new fashion（B）improving their efficiency by taking advantage of consumer fears（C）satisfying the consumers' needs for good health（D）promoting sales with peculiar fashion and advertisement8 Which of the following statement is NOT true?（A）Levi Strauss Company bases its products on the extensive market research.（B）Levi Strauss' newly-designed trousers made the mobile phones' possible dangers known to the public.（C）Cedric Jungpeter's statements aim to maintain Levi Strauss' image.（D）Dockers is one of the famous brands of Levi Strauss.9 The author implies that______by declaring "The debate is open".（A）everyone may be involved in the mobile phone debate（B）all studies into the possible dangers of mobile phones have not yet reached valuable conclusions（C）it's still a controversy whether the mobile phones are harmful（D）consumption of mobile phones will be affected by the endless debate10 We may infer from the passage that______.（A）anti-radiation trousers will fuel mobile phone debate（B）long-term users of mobile phones face a greater cancer risk than non-users（C）radiation from mobile phones could foster tumor growth in mice（D）anti-radiation trousers are a fearful sign that mobile phones are dangerous10 Television, the modern wonder of electronics, brings the world into your own home in sight and sound. And the word "television" means seeing far.Television works in much the same way as radio. In radio, sound is changed into electromagnetic waves which are sent through the air. Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago. By the 1920s inventors and researchers had turned the early theories into working models. Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become industry.The influence of TV on the life of people is incalculable: it can influence their thoughts and their ways of life. It can also add to their store of knowledge. Educational TV stationsoffer teaching in various subjects. Some hospitals use TV for medical students to get close-up views of operations. At first television programs were broadcast in black-and-white. With the development of science and technology, the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved and by the middle 1960s the national networks were broadcasting most of their programs in color.The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones. Since the launching of the first communications satellite, more and more programs are telecast "live" from all over the world. People in San Francisco were able to watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo. And live telecasts now come from outer space. In 1969, the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic "moon walk" to viewers on the earth. Since then, astronauts have regularly sent telecast to the earth.11 The launching of communications satellites made it possible for people in San Francisco to______.（A）get close-up views of operations（B）store knowledge（C）watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo（D）watch national programs12 The development of science and technology made it possible for television programs to______.（A）be telecast in full color（B）be telecast in San Francisco（C）be telecast in Tokyo（D）be telecast in black-and-white13 The word "incalculable" means______.（A）easy to tell（B）very great（C）difficult to tell（D）very small14 Television is said to be the modern wonder of electronics, because______. （A）it influences people's way of life（B）it makes people see far（C）it brings the world into people's own home in sight and sound（D）it works as radio15 The television became an industry in______.（A）1950（B）the 1960s（C）the 1920s（D）the 1950s。
2012年在职艺术硕士入学资格考试试卷真题
A. 1980
B. 1990
C．2000
D．2010
30．( )属于重大革命历史题材的电视连续剧。
A．《闯关东》
B。《大宅门》
C．《长征》
D.《渴望》
31.电视纪录片也可以采用( )手法。
A．情景再现
B．人物夸张
C. 情节虚构
D．程式表演
32．( )属于戏曲电视剧。
A.《梅兰芳》
B．《戏比天大》
C．《武则天》
36．初唐的“青绿山水”以( )为代表。
A．阎立本
B．王维
C．吴道子
D．李思训
37．梅、兰、竹、( )“四君子”成为文人画的特殊题材。
A．荷
B．菊
C．水仙
D．牡丹
38．欧洲文化史上继古希腊、古罗马后的第二个高峰期是( )。
A．文艺复兴时期
B．巴洛克时期
C. 洛可可时期
D．古典主义与浪漫主义时期
39．磁州窑是中国历史上( )性质的窑口。
A.《孔雀舞》
B.《孔雀开屏》
C．《雀之灵》
D.《林中雀》
2
2 2．( )创立了“叙事体戏剧”理论。
A．布莱希特
B．萨特
C．格洛托夫斯基
3．( )年欧阳予倩等人在日本东京成立了戏剧团体春柳社。
D．贝克特
A.1906
B 1907
C. 1908
14．( )是一部充满象征诗意和内在戏剧张力的现实主义戏剧杰作。
绝密★启用前
□□
2012 年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考 艺术硕士
入学资格试卷
考生须知
1. 本试卷满分 150 分。 2. 请考生务必将本人准考证号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。 3. 本试卷为 A 型试卷，单项选择题、多项选择题和英语阅读理解的答案必须用 2B 铅笔填涂在 A
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编4(题后
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Wal-Mart’s achievement caps a bigger economic shift—from producing goods to providing services. Manufacturing’s share of U. S. employment peaked in 1953, at 35%. It has been declining steadily since. In the decade that will end in 2010, the Bureau of Labor Statistics figures that goods-producing industries will create 1. 3 million new jobs, compared to 20 million for service industries. To look at it another way, today there are about four times as many people working in service jobs as in other kinds of jobs. And even within manufacturing, services are an increasingly large share of operations. As America got richer, consumption got more complicated. With more income to throw around, people started spending more on services—movies and travel, mortgages to buy houses, insurance to protect those houses, the occasional weekends at a luxury hotel; Fortune calls this a shift in the demand pattern. Over the few years, only three of the ten fastest-growing occupations(software engineers, nurses, and computer support)pay middle-class salaries. The rest could be called Wal-Mart kinds of jobs—cashiers, retail assistants, food service, and so on. In short, the service economy is delivering more good jobs than ever before.11．In 1993, Wal-Mart could have a sales volume of two billion dollars in______.A．one weekB．two weeksC．one dayD．two days正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节推断题。
2023在职研究生全国联考艺术硕士真题
2023在职研究生全国联考艺术硕士真题2023在职研究生全国联考艺术硕士真题一、单项选择1.欧洲巴洛克音乐最具代表性的作曲家( )A 莫扎特 B亨德尔 C鲍罗丁 D德魁西2.贝多芬《第九“合唱”交响曲》第四乐章合唱局部的歌词是取自德国诗人的作品A席勒 B海涅 C普希金 D歌德3.《列宁格勒交响曲》亦称《第七交响曲》，其作者是( )A柴可夫斯基 B舒伯特 C肖斯塔科维奇 D普罗科菲耶夫4.《黄河大合唱》是作曲家冼星海代表作，其中女高音独唱的名曲( )A保卫黄河 B黄河颂 C黄河谣 D黄河怨5.由田汉作词、聂耳谱曲的《义勇军进展曲》是影片( )的主题歌，创作于1935年。
A,《风云儿女》 B《渔光曲》 C《马路天使》 D《大路》6.《兰亭序》是( )的作品A张旭 B王羲之 C欧阳修 D王献之7.《富春山居图》是( )的作品。
A黄公望 B徐渭 C虚谷 D倪瓒8.意大利文艺复兴时期的画家拉斐尔创作了( )A《最后的审讯》 B《自由____民》 C《雅典学派》 D 《日出·印象》9.法国雕塑家罗丹创作了( )A《加莱义民》 B《大卫》 C《舞女》 D《骑士像》10.( )是后印象派画家梵高的代表作之一。
A《向日葵》 B《紫丁香》 C《睡莲》 D《郁金香》11.“离间效果”或“生疏化效果”理论是由( )提出的。
A斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基 B布莱希特 C格洛托夫斯基 D阿尔托12.西方戏剧在中国于20世纪( )被改成为话剧。
A 30年代末 B40年代初 C 20年代末 D 30年代初13.金子是曹禺剧本中的人物。
A《原野》 B《北京人》 C《雷雨》 D《日出》14.( )是古希腊喜剧作家阿里斯多芬的作品。
A《美狄亚》 B《被束缚的普罗米修斯》 C《安提戈涅》D《鸟》15.( )不是挪威剧作家易卜生的剧本。
A《玩偶之家》 B《樱桃园》 C《社会支柱》 D《培尔金特》16.《伪君子》是( )的作品。
A高乃依 B拉辛 C莫里哀 D萨特17.( )是中国著名的芭蕾表演艺术家，被誉为中国的第一只“白天鹅”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷12(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：5，分数：50.00)In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "trash talk (废话)". The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society"s moral catastrophes (灾难)， yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people"s lives. Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual"s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors. Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show"s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life"s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show"s exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. (388 words)（分数：10.00）(1).Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are______.（分数：2.00）A.more family-orientedB.unusually popular √C.more profoundD.relatively formal解析：(2).Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ______.（分数：2.00）A.remain fascinated by them √B.are ready to face up to themC.remain indifferent to themD.are willing to get involved in them解析：(3).Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?（分数：2.00）A.A new type of robot.B.Racist hatred.C.Family budget planning. √D.Street violence.解析：(4).Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both______.（分数：2.00）A.ironicalB.sensitiveC.instructive √D.cynical解析：(5).We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows______.（分数：2.00）A.have monopolized the talk show circuitB.exploit the weaknesses in human natureC.appear at different times of the dayD.are targeted at different audiences √解析：Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school. We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer. It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require. (378 words)（分数：10.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B.How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education. √C.How to improve the public education system.D.How to solve the rising unemployment problem.解析：(2).What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?（分数：2.00）A.The requirement of educated workers by business.B.Raising of the legal age for going to work. √C.The trend toward a shorter workday.D.People"s concern for the future of the next generation.解析：(3).The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because______.（分数：2.00）A.the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB.a new leisure class has developed √C.they are still suffering from the depressionD.an increase in taxes could be a problem解析：(4).According to the author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federal government______.（分数：2.00）A.should allocate Federal funds for public education √B.should demand that local communities provide supportC.should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD.should first of all solve the problem of unemployment解析：(5).Why does the author say "Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require" (Lines 11~ 12, Para. 3)?（分数：2.00）A.Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B.Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C.People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation. √cated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.解析：What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system：fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway (高速公路) capacity. Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use is a special onramp (人口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a "transition" lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers (非法进入者) could be swiftly identified by authorities. ) Either approach to joining, a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the drive would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax. (392 words)（分数：10.00）(1).We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways（分数：2.00）A.are being planned √B.are being modifiedC.are now in wide useD.are under construction解析：(2).A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that______.（分数：2.00）A.it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB.it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiency √C.it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD.it offers more lanes for automated vehicles解析：(3).Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?（分数：2.00）A.Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B.A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system. √C.The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D.The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.解析：(4).We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane______.（分数：2.00）A.by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional lane √B.by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC.through a specially guarded gateD.after all trespassers are identified and removed解析：(5).When driving in an automated lane, the driver______.（分数：2.00）A.should harmonize with newly entering carsB.doesn"t have to rely on his computer systemC.should watch out for potential accidentsD.doesn"t have to hold on to the steering wheel √解析：Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world"s favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79, 000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. "If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,"said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. "But in the last five years or so, when someone says, "Should I attempt to get an MBA", the answer a lot more is: It depends. " The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught. The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders. The article called MBA hires "extremely disappointing" and said "MBAs want to move up too fast, they don"t understand politics and people, and they aren"t able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they"re out looking for other jobs. " The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the women"s movement. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. "They don"t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business," said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm. (419 words)（分数：10.00）(1).According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?（分数：2.00）A.Scornful. √B.Appreciative.C.Envious.D.Realistic.解析：(2).It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by______.（分数：2.00）A.the complaints from various employersB.the success of many non-MBAs √C.the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD.the poor performance of MBAs at work解析：(3).What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?（分数：2.00）A.They are usually self-centered.B.They are aggressive and greedy.C.They keep complaining about their jobs.D.They are not good at dealing with people. √解析：(4).From the passage we know that most MBAs______.（分数：2.00）A.can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB.quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC.receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD.cherish unrealistic expectations about their future √解析：(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B.The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C.Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree. √D.A debate held recently on university campuses.解析：Tina, a 10-lb 2-oz baby, was born into the Rodriguez home. The parents were delighted to have her, and she was given much love and attention. She seemed to grow up very normally, but did learn to talk a bit later than her two older siblings did. One day when she was about 3 years old, she fell off a swing and hurt her head, and had to have a few stitches to close a small wound. Several times after this the parents noticed that she would forget little things. It did not bother them until she enrolled in school, when she was 5 years and 10 months of age. At first she was anxious to go to school, but soon things began to change. She complained of being sick, and very often at school she had to use the restroom. The teacher complained that the child spent much of her time just gazing. She liked to talk to her friends, and often got into trouble with the teacherbecause she would not get her work done. Most times she completed no more than half an assignment. Her parents noted that she seemed to have lost her cheerfulness at home, and she often came home grumpy and complained that no one wanted to play with her. The longer she stayed in school, the worse her behavior became, and to top it all, in early spring the teacher concluded that Tina was not learning anything and was going to have to repeat the first grade.（分数：10.00）(1).Tina"s parents didn"t become worried about her behavior until______.（分数：2.00）A.she fell off a swing and hurt herselfB.she was nearly six years old √C.she complained of being sickD.she got into trouble with her teacher解析：解析：这是一道细节题。