初中现在完成时讲解(完整版).
初中时态讲解《现在完成时》(共28张PPT)
•
—I have _____ to Kunming with my
friends.
• A been , gone
B been , been
• C gone , been
D gone, gone
• ( C )2. How long have you ____ this book?
• A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent
Yes,she has.?No,she hasn’t.
4.时间状语：already, yet, ever, never, just, before ， for, since, so far, till/until, up to now, in the past/last few years, recently, … 等.
5.现在完成时的概念
1）表示过去发生或已完成的动作对 现在造成的影响或结果；
2） 表示过去已经开始并一直持续 到现在的动作或状态。
• 意义1
• 表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响 或结果
My daughter hasjust gonoeut. 我女儿刚出去。 (go)
I’m sure we have metbefore. 我肯定我们以前见 过面。(meet)
3.They have left only for 5 minutes. 错 They have __b_ee_n_ __a_w_a_y only for 5 minutes.
• 1) They came here last week.
• They ____h_a_v_e__ _b_e_e_n_____ here since ______la_s_t_ w__e_e_k______.
(完整)初中英语现在完成时详解.doc
在完成一、在完成构成构成：在完成由助have + 去分构成，助have 有人称和数的化。
第三人称数用has，其余用have.在完成的否定式直接在助后面加上not、疑式是把助提到主之前。
以study 例，其否定式、疑式和回答形式如下：否定式疑式I have not (haven ’ t) studied ⋯. Have I studied ⋯?You have not (haven ’ t) studied ⋯. Have you studied ⋯?He has not (hasn ’ t) studied ⋯. Has he studied ⋯?否定疑式回答（肯定 /否定）Have I not (Haven ’ t I) studied ⋯? Yes, you have. No, you haven ’ t.Have you not (Haven ’ t you) studied ⋯?Yes, I have. No, I haven ’ t.Has he not (Hasn ’ t he) studied ⋯? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’ t.二、在完成用法1、在完成通常表示在之前已完成的作或存在的状。
人的是作或状在的果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out.我女儿出去。
I ’ m sure we’ ve met before我肯.定我以前面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2、表示持到在的作或状，往往和包括在在内的表示一段的状用，如recently, already, just, lately, for⋯, sinceyt等⋯,。
如：I haven’ t heard from her these days.些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven ’ t seen you recently.最近我没有到你。
They have been away for two years.他离开已两年了。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解
I have had this watch for five years / since 5 years ago.
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
WThe old man has died for ten years.
The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.
I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
上一页
She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时
(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
主菜单
于助动词或系动词后，实义动词前。 • never用于句中，助动词或系动词后，实
义动词前，表示否定意义。
• He has ever been to Paris.
• He has never been to Paris.
3） just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与already， never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have/has和 动词过去分词之间）
He has been here for three days.
He has been here since yesterday.
He has been here since two days ago / last Monday.
He has been here since his wife died.
Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.
初中现在完成时讲解
初中当前完毕时道解之阳早格格创做当前完毕时第一部分当前完毕时表示往日爆收或者已经完毕的动做对于当前制成的做用或者截行,也可表示往日已经启初,向去延绝到当前的动做或者状态.教习当前完毕时,先从结媾战句式启初:形成:主语+ have/has + 往日分词汇+ 其余.(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have.往日分词汇:准则动词汇的往日分词汇形成取动词汇往日式相共;不准则动词汇需要特殊影象.)可定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 往日分词汇+ 其余.疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 往日分词汇+ 其余?大略问语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(可定)第二部分当前完毕时的含意之一是往日完毕的动做对于当前仍有做用,用以下四大标记词汇不妨表白那种含意: * 以already, just战yet为标记already, just战yet 表示到当前为行动做或者状态已经、刚刚刚刚或者还不爆收. * 以ever战never为标记ever战never 表示到当前为行动做或者状态曾或者从去不爆收过. * 以动做爆收的次数为标记若某一动做到当前为行已经爆收了若搞次,则要使用当前完毕时. * 以so far为标记so far往往表示到暂时为行动做或者状态已经爆收.第三部分往日已经启初的动做向去延绝到当前, 以至有大概继承延绝下去,咱们不妨从动做“延绝”的个性战“时间”面段的区别进脚,进一步教习当前完毕时.英语中的动词汇从词汇义上不妨分为延绝性战非延绝性二种,正在当前完毕时态中一定要注意动词汇那一个性,应将那类非延绝性动词汇变换为延绝性动词汇.* 时间“面”、“段”须分浑往日启初的动做不妨延绝到某一面中断,也大概继承延绝,那时便要根据时间“面”、“段”采用相映的介词汇for或者since.第四部分一、动词汇的往日分词汇形式：常常一个动词汇的往日分词汇战他的往日式是一般的，正在动词汇后里加ed形成往日分词汇，然而是有一些动词汇的往日分词汇有不准则的形式. 二、当have被用正在当前完毕时态中时，它不妨战前里的代名词汇所有组成缩写形式. 三、当前完毕时用not去表白可定形式.当有not 出现的时间，have不妨战not组成缩写，然而是此时不克不迭战前里的代名词汇组成缩写.第五部分当前完毕时战普遍往日时的辨别。
初中现在完成时讲解ppt
since
for
since
for
since
练习题: 1.It's a long time since we ____ (meet) last, isn't it? 2.--I know you ___________ (choose) a picture book among these. --Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3.So far, spaceships without people ___________ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. 4.My father____ home for nearly three weeks. A.has gone away from B.has left C.has been away from D.went away 5.Mr. and Mrs. Green have_____in China for a week. A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached
eg.--- I’ve lived here for 15 years. eg.--- I’ve lived here since 15 years ago(1990)
选用for和since填空: 1.We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time. 2.His father has been in the factory ______ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead ______ several years. 6. It’s five years _______ we met last time
（word完整版）初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义
（word完整版）初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义。
2.用法（1）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
（完整版）现在完成时讲解（含讲解及习题）（可编辑修改word版）
（完整版）现在完成时讲解（含讲解及习题）（可编辑修改word版）现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化：a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished 等;）b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry-- -carried study---studied 等;）c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
（stop---stopped，shop---shopped）d)以不发音的e 结尾的动词，只加d（过去分词不规则变化表：二、用法：用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
初中现在完成时讲解完整版
1.—Where is your brother? —He ____________ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2. — ______ you ever _________ to America? —Yes, I ___________ New York twice.
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i”， 再加“ ed ”。 study--studied--studied cry—cried--cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音 字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop--stopped--stopped drop--dropped--dropped
区别havehas的用法主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has1regularverbs规则变化过去分词与过去时变化规则一样1一般动词在词尾直接加edworkworkedworkedvisitvisitedvisitedlivelived3以辅音字母studystudiedstudiedcrycriedcried4重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写该辅音字母再加edstopstoppedstoppeddropdroppeddropped2irregularverbs不规则变化abbhavehadhadspendspentspentmakemademadesaysaidsaidfindfoundfoundhearheardheard3不规则变化abctaketooktakenspeakspokespokensingsangsungdrivedrovedrivenbewaswerebeengowentgone104不规则变化aaacutcutcutputputputletletletreadreadread不规则变化abacomecamecomebecomebecamebecome表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作
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yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾.
3) 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since 5 years ago.
since 4. My friends haven’t visited me ______few days ago. for
5. We haven’t used our car ____ a long time . for
6. She hasn’t had a good since cup of coffee _____years.
注：并非所有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时
搞清一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
辨析 have been to和 have gone to
My father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（已经）去了上海。 My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（曾经）去了上海。 She has been to China . 她（曾经）去过中国。（人已经回来了） She has gone to China last week. 上周她去了上海 。（人可能回来了也可能没回来）
The Present Perfect tense
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
past
present(now)
future
现在完成时的结构 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp）
助动词,无意义
Winter has already come， will it still be far in spring ?
You have planted all the trees.
I have planted all the trees.
He/she has planted all the trees.
They have planted all the trees.
主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has
现在完成时的用法
have been to someplace. 曾经去过某地，已经回来． has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来．
用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空：
1.—Where is your brother? has gone to —He ____________ the shop. He’ll be back soon. Have you ever _________ been to 2. — ______ to America? —Yes, I ___________ have been to New York twice. have you _____? been 3. —Here you are at last! Where _____ have been to —I _____________ London. has gone to 4. —David _____________Australia. —I’m sure he’s already arrived. 5. —Is Benny here? has gone to the school library. He left —No, he __________ five minutes ago.
since , for 的用法:
since: (自…以来)
1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 o’clock. 2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago.
Take notes
3)since+ 从句
1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city.
2) 表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)
现在完成时的结构
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp）
注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has
否定形式 haven’t ( have not ） +过去分 词 hasn’t ( has not ) +过去分词 疑问句 把助动词 have / has 放在句首
区别have 和 has的用法
She has taught English since he came here.
for: (长达）
for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
用for 或since填空
1. Mr. Brown has had his TV ______ for 15 years. since 2. I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. for 3. My sister has had her cell phone ______a month .
7. Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.
疑难点
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已经不在这里工作了) I have worked here for more than twenty years. （现在我仍在这里工作）