新编国际货运代理专业英语(2015年版)讲义 含英文翻译和真题详解(Unit 6 Land Frei

新编国际货运代理专业英语（2015年版）讲义含英文翻译和真题详解

Unit6Land Freight Transport

【基本要求】

1．熟悉：Road Transport of Goods

2．掌握：Rail Freight Transport

【考试内容】

1．Rail Freight Transport

（1）Advantages and Disadvantages

（2）CIM Rules

2．Road Transport of Goods

（1）Advantages

（2）Disadvantages

【大纲详解】

一、铁路运输

1．铁路运输与其他运输方式的比较（掌握）

课文：Freight railroads relationship with other modes of transportation varies widely.There is almost no interaction with airfreight,close cooperation with ocean-going freight and a mostly competitive relationship with long distance trucking and barge transport.Many businesses ship their products by rail if they are shipping long distance because it can be cheaper to ship in large quantities by rail than by truck;however barge shipping remains a viable competitor where water

transport is available.

注释：viable competitor：可能的竞争对手

译文：铁路运输与其他货运方式有很大的不同，与航空运输几乎没有关联；与远洋运输存在着紧密的合作关系；与远距离卡车和驳船运输则存在着竞争关系。如果运输距离远，许多企业会通过铁路运输其产品，因为相比卡车运输，铁路在运输较大量的产品时更便宜；而当水路运输可行时，驳船运输仍很有竞争力。

【例题6.1•单选题】Many businesses ship their products by rail ifthey are shipping long distance because it can be（）to ship in large quantities by rail than by truck．

A．more expensive

B．cheaper

C．faster

D．safer

【答案】B

【解析】如果运输距离远，许多企业会通过铁路运输其产品，因为相比卡车运输，铁路在运输较大量的产品时更便宜；而当水路运输可行时，驳船运输仍很有竞争力。

2．铁路运输优缺点（掌握）

（1）优点

课文：①Fast delivery；②Capacity；③Cost effective；④Safe mode of transport；

⑤Reliable

译文：①快速交货；②容量大；③成本效益；④安全的运输方式；⑤可靠。

【例题6.2•多选题】Rail transport plays an important role in the domestic economy of a country.Which of the following may be the advantages of rail transport?（）

A．Fast delivery

B．Capacity

C．Reliable

D．Safe mode of transport

【答案】ABCD

【解析】铁路运输的优势主要有：①快速交付；②容量大；③成本效益；④运输模式安全；⑤可靠。

（2）缺点

课文：①Subject to unforeseen delays；

②Reliance on rail freight operator's timetable；

③Suppliers/customers are not always located near a rail freight depot and delivery to/from the depot can be costly and time consuming；

④Operation.

注释：

timetable：时间表

reliance on：依赖，依靠

depot：仓库，场站

time consuming：耗费时间的

译文：

①不可预见的延误；

②依赖铁路经营者的时间表；

③供应商或客户并不总是位于铁路货运站的附近，仓库转运需要的费用高，时间长；

④操作失误。

【例题6.3•单选题】Moving goods by rail often involves（）costs,particularly when the shipper or receiver lack direct rail access.

A．transshipment

B．transportation

C．handing

D．storage

【答案】A

【解析】由于铁路并不如高速公路那样灵活，这就有可能导致一些转运过程中的费用，即转运成本。

3．国际铁路货物运输公约（掌握）

课文：CIM Rulesapply to a contract of carriage by rail if the place of taking in charge of goods and the designated place of delivery are situated in two different states,of which at least one is a party to CIM Convention and the parties to the