[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷151.doc
专业英语八级(改错)历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（改错）历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. LANGUAGE USAGEPART III LANGUAGE USAGEThe ability to communicate is the primary factor that distinguishes human beingsfrom animals. And it is the ability to communicate well which【M1】______distinguishes one individual from another. The fact is that apart from the basic necessities, one needs tobe equipped with habits for good communication skills, thus this is【M2】______what will make one a happy and successful social being. In order to develop these habits, one needs to first acknowledge the fact that they need to improve communication skills from time to time.They need to take stock of the way how they interact and the direction【M3】______in which their work and personal relations are going. The only constantin life is change, the more one accepts one’s strengths and works【M4】______towards dealing with their shortcomings, specially in the area of【M5】______communication skills, the better will be their interactions and the more their social popularity. The dominated question that comes here is: How to improve【M6】______communication skills ? The answer is simple . One can find plenty of literature on this. There are also experts, who conduct workshops and seminars based on communication skills of men and women. In fact, a large number of companies are bringing intrainers to regularly make sessions on the subject, in order to【M7】______help their work force maintain better interpersonal work relations. Today, effective communication skills have become a predominant factor even while recruiting employees. While interviewing candidates, most interviewers judge them on the basis of the skills they communicate withThey believe that some skills can be improvised on the job: but ability to【M8】______communicate well is important, as every employee becomes the representing face of the company. There are trainers, who specialized in delivering custom - made【M9】______programs on the subject. Through the sessions they not only facilitate better communication skills in the workplace, but also look intothe problems in the manner of being able to convey messages【M10】______effectively.1．【M1】正确答案：which→that解析：本句为it is…that…的强调句型。
专业英语八级(改错)历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（改错）历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. LANGUAGE USAGEPART III LANGUAGE USAGEPsycholinguistics is the study of the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguists study understanding,production, and remembering language,and hence are concerned 【M1】______with listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually 【M2】______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. 【M3】______Indeed, when you listen to someone speaking or looking at this page, 【M4】______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of 【M5】______the complexity involved: if we are searching for a word but cannotremember it; if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has 【M6】______influenced their language; if we observe a child acquiring language; 【M7】______if we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; or if weare visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet anyone else 【M8】______who is. As we shall see, all these examples of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about theprocesses evolved in speaking, listening, writing and reading. But 【M9】______given that language processes were normally so automatic, we also 【M10】______need to carry out careful experiment to get at what is happening.1．【M1】正确答案：production—producing解析：句法错误。
大学专业英语八级考试模拟试卷(带答案)
大学专业英语八级考试模拟试卷PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.LanguageDespite the fact that many definitions of language have been proposed, succinct definitions of language usually bring various questions. To understand the notion of language better, there are several aspects that should be taken into consideration.Ⅰ. Vocal communication in childhood●Composition of the system of vocal communication●Functions of the system of vocal communication:A. 1B. Express feelings and emotionsC. Influence the activities of othersD. 2 oneself with friendliness or hostilityⅡ. Different systems of vocal communication constitute different languages●Hard to define the 3 between languages●Different languages- people do not understand each other without 4 by both parties● 5-different systems of communication that may impede but do not prevent mutual comprehension●Idiolect- the 6 of a single personⅢ. Acquisition of languages●7 : spoken by one's parents or by those with whom they are brought up from infancy●Second Language: learned to different degrees of competence under various conditions●Bilingualism: Completely 8 two languagesA. Raised by parents speaking different languages at homeB. Raised within 9Ⅳ. Language is species-specific to human beings●Animals communicate through 10 or else●Human language is infinitely 11 and creativeⅤ. 12 of language●Facilitate communication●Express a national or local 13●14 function of language: puns, riddles, and crossword puzzles●Functions in imaginative or symbolic contexts: poetry, drama, and religionⅥ. Language and its relation to society●Language is a working system of communication in a certain 15●The product of history and source of its future developmentSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.16、A. $20. B. $36.99. C. $4.99. D. $32.17、A. What the problem is. B. What correction she wants.C. A neutral tone.D. Showing her anger.18、A. Give them the cultural information about complaint.B. Give them a model letter and ask them to write one similar to that.C. Familiarize the students with necessary vocabularies.D. Show the students the necessary writing styles and formats.19、A. Face-to-face verbal complaint. B. Written complaint.C. Phone complaint.D. E-mail complaint.20、A. Creating a situation where students can complain.B. Providing model complaints for students to follow.C. Analyzing the languages and structures for complaints.D. Giving students practice on how to complain by role play.21、A. Food security is the ability of people in household.B. Food security at the national level to provide the food needs to live a healthy and productive life.C. Food security also deals with food and nutritional security.D. Food security only refers to amount of food.22、A. The quality of people's life.B. The ability to grow and develop intellectually and socially.C. The capabilities of the next generation.D. All the above.23、A. To arouse the attention of all leaders over the world.B. To increase food production.C. To make better use of food.D. To make more food available in the marketplace.24、A. Australia has been putting more resources in agriculture.B. Poor countries were not themselves putting sufficient resources into agriculture and food security issues.C. More recently, food prices has been very high.D. Experts have realized that there's a large portion of society in poor countries.25、A. They changed the main staple crops.B. They changed the technology of growing the main staple crops.C. They fertilized the land.D. They did more research.PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are four passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONETo keep the wheels of industry, we manufacture consumer goods in endless quantities, and, in the process, are rapidly exhausting our resources. But this is only half the problem. What do we do with manufactured products when they are worn out? They must be disposed of, but how and where?Unsightly junkyards full of rusting automobiles already surround every city in the nation. Americans throw away 80 billion bottles and cans each year, enough to build more than ten stacks to the moon. There isn't room for much more waste, and yet the factories grind on.They cannot stop because everyone wants a job. Our standard of living, one of the highest in the world, requires the consumption of manufactured products in ever-increasing amounts. Man, about to be buried in his own waste, is caught in a vicious cycle.Only 100 years ago man lived in harmony with nature. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. Whatever wastes were produced could be absorbed by nature and were soon covered over. Today this harmonious relationship is threatened by man's lack of foresight and planning, and by his carelessness and greed, for man is slowly poisoning his environment.Pollution is a "dirty" word. To pollute means to contaminate—to spoil something by introducing impurities which make it unfit or unclear to use. Pollution comes in many forms. We see it, we smell it, taste it, drink it, and stumble through it. We literally live in and breathe pollution, and, not surprisingly, it is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness, and our very civilization. Once we thought of pollution as meaning simply smog—the choking, stinging, dirty air that hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is still the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several which attack the most basic life function. Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the land, killing the wildlife. By dumping sewage and chemical into rivers and lakes, we have contaminated our drinking water. We are polluting the oceans, too, killing the fish and thereby depriving ourselves of an invaluable food supply. Part of the problem is our exploding population.More and more people produce more wastes. But this problem is intensified by our "throw-away" technology. Each year American dispose of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is no longer fashionable to reuse anything. Today almost everything is disposable. Instead of repairing a toaster or a radio, it is easier and cheaper to buy a new one and discard the old, even though 95 percent of its parts may still be functioning. Baby diapers, which used to be made of cloth and now have disposable substitutes: "Wear it once and throw it away," will be the slogan of the fashion conscious.Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem? Fortunately, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively ingenious. Take the problem of discarded automobiles, for instance. Each year over 40,000 of them are abandoned in New York City alone. Eventually the discards end up in a junkyard. But cars are too bulky to ship as scrap to a steel mill. They must first be flattened. This is done in a giant compressor which can reduce a Cadillac to the size of a television set in a matter of minutes. Any leftover scrap metal is mixed with concrete and made into exceptionally strong bricks that are used in buildings and bridges. Man's ingenuity has come to his rescue.What about water pollution? More and more cities are building sewage-treatment plants. Instead of being dumped into a nearby river or lake, sewage is sent through a system of underground pipes to a giant tank where the water is separated from the solid material called sludge. The sludge can be converted into fertilizer, and can also be made into bricks.Controlling air pollution is another crucial objective. Without food, man can live about five weeks; without water, about five days. Without air, he can only live five minutes, so pure air is a must. Here the wrongdoer is the automobile. Where there is a concentration of automobiles, as in our big cities, air pollution is severe. It is important to see that our cars are equipped with pollution-control devices. Such devices effectively reduce the harmful gases emitted from the engine. Power plants, factories, and apartment buildings can also avoid air pollution. When possible they should use clean fuels like gas and oil. And the smokestacks of these buildings should be equipped with filters and other smoke-reduction devices.Can we eliminate pollution altogether? Probably not. Modem man pollutes with everything he does, so total elimination would require drastic measures. Every power plant would have to shut down. Industries would have to close. We would have to leave all our automobiles in the garage. Every bus and truck and airplane would have to stop running. There would be no way to bring food to the cities. There would be no heat and light. Under these conditions, our population would die in a short time. Since such a drastic solution is impossible, we must employ determined public action. We can reduce pollution, even if we can't eliminate it altogether. But everyone must do his part. We can have a clean world; we can do something. The choice is up to you.PASSAGE TWO"When I direct Shakespeare," theatrical innovator Peter Sellars once said, "the first thing I do is go to the text for cuts. I go through to find the passages that are real heavy, that really are not needed, places where the language has become obscure, places where there is a bizarre detour. And then I take those moments, those elements, and I make them the centerpiece, the core of the production."In the sober matter of staging Shakespeare, such audaciousness is hard to resist—though a lot of Chicago theatre-goers have been able to. Typically, a third of the people who have been showing up at the Goodman Theatre to see Sellars' ingenious reworking of The Merchant of Venice have been walking out before the evening is over. It's no mystery, why? The evening isn't over for nearly four hours. Beyond that, the production pretty much upends everything the audience has come to expect from one of Shakespeare's most troubling but reliable entertaining comedies.The play has been transplanted from the teeming, multicultural world of 15th century Venice, Italy, to the teeming, multicultural world of 1994 Venice Beach, California, where Sellars lives when he isn't setting Don Giovanni in Spanish Harlem, putting King Lear in a Lincoln Continental or deconstructing other classic plays and operas. Shylock, along with the play's other Jews, is black. Antonio, the merchant of the title, and his kinsmen are Latinos. Portia, the wealthy maiden being wooed by Antonio's friend Bassanio, is Asian. But the racial shuffling is just one of Sellars' liberties. The stage is furnished with little but office furniture, while video screens simulcast the actors in close-up during their monologues, (and, in between, display seemingly unrelated Southern Califomia scene, from gardens and swimming pools to the L. A. riots). Cries of anguish come from the clowns, and the playfully romantic final scene, in which Portia teases Bassanio for giving away her ring to the lawyer she played in disguise, is re-imagined as the darkest, most poisonously unsettling passage in the play.Some of this seems to be sheer perversity, but the real shock of Sellars' production is how well it works both theatrically and thematically. The racial casting, for instance, is a brilliant way of defusing the play's anti- Semitism—turning it into a metaphor for prejudice and materialism in all its forms. Paul Butler is a hardhearted ghetto businessman who, even when he is humiliated at the end, never loses his cool or stoops for pity.Wrongheaded and tortuous as this Merchant sometimes is, the updating is witty and apt. The "news of the Rialto" becomes fodder for a pair of gossip reporters on a happy-talk TV newscast. Shylock's trial is presided over by a mumbling, superannuated judge who could have stepped fight out of Court TV. With a few exceptions—Elaine Tse's overwrought Portia, for instance—the actors strike a nice balance between Shakespeare's poetry and Sellars' stunt driving. For the rest of us, it's a wild ride.PASSAGE THREESince ancient times it has been known that your word is a cause set in motion. In fact, the universe itself is claimed to have emanated from a single primordial sound. In the science of yoga, it is believed that certain Sanskrit words, known asmantras, can bring about magical results, thus you can secure abundance with a certain mantra, peace with another, and so on. On a more practical level, your word still remains highly potent.With your words, you can wound someone, sending them into spirals of defeat, and with your words you can heal someone, raising them up from a dismal place to soaring hope and motivation. In fact, the entire field of self-improvement is the transmission of words that will assist others to get a firm perspective and move forward with their lives, fulfilling their dreams and desires.On a personal level, too, your words affect you. What you say to yourself about anyone or anything affects you, too. If you speak well of someone or something, you bring more of that harmony into your life. And if you speak ill of someone or something, you will bring more of that frustration and anger and conflict into your life.Psychological literature often speaks of numerous cases where a parent's words, spoken casually, can affect the destiny of a child. And the most potent words that a parent can use to affect a child are those spoken at the time of dying since these are the last words, and the moment is so highly-charged and the awareness so acute that these words become an imperative that the child now feels obligated to never disown.Words are further charged with the emotion behind them. The stronger the emotion, the more highly charged the words. Many a love affair has fallen by the wayside because of emotionally charged words, which are later regretted.Despite all this, people use words with the utmost casualness. People wreck their own lives and that of others through the careless use of words. They also accept the words of others as a given truth, when, in fact, all comments by others are merely opinion.The most marvelous aspect of words is how they can bend time. The brilliantly crafted words of Shakespeare or the eloquence of Martin Luther King still shape our lives. Words are so sacred that whole buildings are used to archive them and make them available for reading.A person can rise from poverty to wealth, from sickness to health, and from loneliness to loving companionship simply through exposing themselves to the most beneficial stream of words.Words not only steal hearts, but shape reality as well. The earth can be a better place because of your choice of words. You can fill lives with the miracles of your words. You can be an agent for positive change and bring out the best in yourself and others simply by how you use words. Words are psychic shape-shifters; use them wisely.PASSAGE FOURimagine a chart that begins when man first appeared on the planet and tracks the economic growth of societies from then forward. It would be a long, flat line until the late 16th or early 17th century, when it would start trending upward. For most of humankind life was as the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes famously described it in 1651—"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." But as Hobbes was writing thosewords, the world around him was changing. Put simply, human beings were getting smarter.People have always sought knowledge. The scientific revolution, followed by the Enlightenment, marked a fundamental shift. Humans were no longer searching for ways simply to fit into a natural or divine order; but they were seeking to change it. Once people found ways to harness energy—using steam engines—they were able to build machines that harnessed far more power than any human or horse could ever do. And people could work without ever getting tired. The rise of these machines drove the Industrial Revolution, and created a whole new system of life. Today the search for knowledge continues to produce an ongoing revolution in the health and wealth of humankind.If the rise of science marks the first great trend in this story, the second is its diffusion. What was happening in Britain during the Industrial Revolution was not an isolated phenomenon. A succession of visitors to Britain would go back to report to their countries on the technological and commercial innovations they saw there. Sometimes societies were able to learn extremely fast, as in the United States. Others, like Germany, was benefited from starting late, leapfrogging the long-drawn-out process that Britain went through.This diffusion of knowledge accelerated dramatically in recent decades. Over the last 30 years we have watched countries like Japan, Singapore, South Korea and now China grow at a pace that is three times that of Britain or the United States at the peak of the Industrial Revolution. They have been able to do this because of their energies and exertions, of course, but also because they cleverly and perhaps luckily adopted certain ideas about development that had worked inthe West—reasonably free markets, open trade, a focus on science and technology, among them.The diffusion of knowledge is the dominant trend of our time and goes well beyond the purely scientific. Consider the cases of Turkey and Brazil. If you had asked an economist 20 years ago how to think about these two countries, he would have explained that they were classic basket-case, Third World economies, with triple-digit inflation, soaring debt burdens, a weak private sector and snail's-pace growth. Today they are both remarkably well managed, with inflation in single digits and growth above 5 percent. And this shift is happening around the world. From Thailand to South Africa to Slovakia to Mexico, countries are far better managed economically than they have ever been. Even in cases where political constraints make it difficult to push far-reaching reforms, as in Brazil, Mexico or India, governments still manage their affairs sensibly, observing the Hippocratic oath not to do any harm.We are sometimes reluctant to believe in progress. But the evidence is unmistakable. The management of major economies has gotten markedly better in the last few years. Careful monetary policy has tempered the boom-and-bust economic cycles of the industrial world, producing milder recessions and fewer shocks. Every day one reads of a new study comparing nations in everything from Internet penetration to inflation. All these studies and lists are symbols of a learning process that is accelerating, reinforcing the lessons of success and failure. Call it a best-practice world.I realize that the world I am describing is the world of the winners. There are billions of people, locked outside global markets, whose lives are still accurately described by Hobbes's cruel phrase. But even here, there is change. The recognition of global inequalities is more marked today than ever before, and this learning is forcing action. There is more money being spent on vaccines and cures for diseases in Africa and Asia today than ever before in history. Foreign-aid programs face constant scrutiny and analysis. When things don't work, we learn that, too, and it puts a focus either on the aid program or on local governments to improve.This may sound overly optimistic. There are losers in every race, but let not the worries over who is winning and losing the knowledge race obscure the more powerful underlying dynamic: knowledge is liberating. It creates the possibility for change and improvement everywhere. It can create amazing devices and techniques, save lives, improve living standards and spread information. Some will do well on one measure, others on another. But on the whole, a knowledge-based world will be a healthier and richer world.The caveat I would make is not about one or another country's paucity of engineers or computers. These problems can be solved. But knowledge is not the same thing as wisdom. Knowledge can produce equally powerful ways to destroy life, intentionally and unintentionally. It can produce hate and seek destruction. Knowledge does not by itself bring any answer to the ancient Greek question "What is a Good Life?" It does not produce good sense, courage, generosity and tolerance. And most crucially, it does not produce the farsightedness that will allow us all to live together—and grow together—on this world without causing war, chaos and catastrophe. For that we need wisdom.26、Which of the following statement is NOT a cause of pollution mentioned in the passage?(PASSAGE ONE.A. Population explosion.B. Too much consumption.C. It is out-dated to reuse things.D. High unemployment rate.27、Which of the following statements is NOT a suggested solution to water pollution?(PASSAGE ONE.A. Building sewage-treatment plants.B. Strict restriction on the discharge of polluted water to rivers or lakes nearby.C. Using gigantic tanks to separate solid materials from water.D. Setting up underground sewage system to purify water.28、What does this passage mainly address?(PASSAGE ONE.A. The severity of pollution nowadays.B. Pollution and its solution.C. Universal concern over environment.D. Consumption and pollution.29、What's the main topic of the passage?(PASSAGE TWO)A. The Merchant of Venice adapted by Sellars.B. Success of the newly performed The Merchant of Venice.C. Peter Sellars's artistic style.D. The shooting of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice.30、When directing Shakespeare, Sellars usually ______ the original texts.(PASSAGE TWO)A. selects the key moments inB. abridgesC. completely changesD. keeps31、What can be inferred about Sellars's The Merchant of Venice?(PASSAGE TWO)A. The adaptation is awkward and meaningless.B. It is popular with Chicago theater-goers.C. It is not favored by the audience.D. It meets the audience's expectation.32、It can be concluded from the passage that Shakespeare's original text of The Merchant of Venice ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. is much more difficult to understandB. is always clear in languageC. presents a negative viewpoint towards the SemiticsD. is not as popular as his tragedies33、According to the author, words can ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. kill peopleB. show people's defeatC. give people hopeD. change the speaker himself34、Which is TRUE about the last words of parents?(PASSAGE THREE.A. They are often more influential on children than those spoken casually.B. They are full of sorrow and misery.C. Children's awareness of parents' words is always acute.D. These words are imperative for children with great sense of obligation.35、According to the fifth and sixth paragraph, the author implies that ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. people's emotions are influenced by the words they sayB. people should use words with more carefulnessC. people should only accept words which are truths rather than opinionsD. what people experience directly decides what they speak36、Better choice of words can do all of the following EXCEPT ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. shaping realityB. making life betterC. bringing about positive changeD. fulfilling dreams37、It can be inferred that during the Enlightenment, people in Western Europe ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. were looking for better ways of seeking knowledgeB. were not satisfied with their past achievementsC. were trying to fit into the natural environmentD. were tired of working38、Which of the following is NOT a result of scientific diffusion?(PASSAGE FOUR)A. Britain's leadership in the Industrial Revolution.B. The Industrial Revolution in countries like the U.S. and Germany.C. Great development of some Eastern Asian countries.D. The economic boom in Turkey and Brazil.39、A suitable title for the passage would be ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. Knowledge and World EconomyB. Diffusion of ScienceC. The Earth's Learning CurveD. Knowledge and Wisdom40、SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.What is the immediate problem caused by the consumption of manufactured products?(PASSAGE ONE.41、What does the phrase "wrongheaded and tortuous" mean in the last paragraph?(PASSAGE TWO)42、What does the author mean by saying "your word is a cause set in motion" in Paragraph 1?(PASSAGE THREE.43、What's the remarkable aspect of words according to the passage?(PASSAGE THREE.44、What conclusion can be drawn from the passage about the great words?(PASSAGE THREE.45、What does the word "unmistakable" mean in Paragraph 6?(PASSAGE FOUR)46、What does "it" refer to in Line 6 Paragraph 7?(PASSAGE FOUR)47、What's the author's attitude towards knowledge?(PASSAGE FOUR)PART ⅢLANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided atthe end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the wordyou believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "—" andput the word in the blankprovided at the end of the line.It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan andthe United States. The Americans divide these areas somewhatrigidly into the spirit and flesh, the two being in opposition in the 48life of a human being. Ideally, spirit should prevail but all too oftenit is the flesh which does prevail. 49The Japanese make no this division, at least between one as 50good and the other as evil. They believe that a person has twosouls, each necessary. One is the "gentle" soul; other is the 51"rough" soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul;sometimes he must use his rough soul. He does not favor his gentlesoul, neither he fight his rough soul. Japanese philosophers insist 52human nature in itself be good, and a human being does not need to 53fight any part of himself. He has only to learn how to use each soulproperly at the appropriate times. Virtue for the Japanese consists of 54fulfilling one's obligations to others. Happy endings, either in life orin fiction, are neither necessary nor expected, while the fulfillment 55of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the tragedy it inflicts.And duty includes a person's obligations to these who have conferred 56benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor. Hedevelops through this double sense of duty, a self-discipline whichis at once permissive and rigid, depending upon the area which it is 57functioning.PART ⅣTRANSLATIONTranslate the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.58、我仿佛看见这世间有一个极大、极复杂的网，大大小小的一切事物，都被牢结在这网中。
专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap substantial awards. Even worse, a number of people who 2.______have done this and caught at it have managed to get away without punishment. 3. ______ It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up 4.______what the computer is doing, but even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished and with a glowing recommendation 5.______from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we doknow about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught could simply have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck. 6.______ For example, a certain keypunch operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to make were for dishonest transactions.7.______ In other case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off the company8.______that was being robbed. Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to the jail, computer criminals sometimes 9. ______ escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been satisfied. 10. ______1．正确答案：computers——computer解析：本题为名词误用。
2020年英语专业8级考试改错模拟测试题及答案1完整篇.doc
2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案1One important outcome of the work on the expression of genes in developing embryos is sure to be knowledge that can help preventing birth defects. Just as promising (26)is the possibility of unraveling the complicated writing (27)of the brain. A mechanic gets valuable insight how an (28)automobile works by rebuilding car engines; similarly, neuroscientists can learn how the brain functions from (29)the way it is put together. The next step pursuing the (30)goal is to find out how the blueprint genes, the home box genes, control the expression of other genes that create the valves and piston of the working cerebral engine. The protein encoded by the latter genes could change the (31)stickiness of the cell surface, the shape of the cell or its metabolism to create the characteristic peculiar to, say, neurons or neural-crest cell. Surface proteins may be the (32)mechanism, whereby similar programmed cells stick together to form specific structures; they might also sense (33)the local environment to help the cell decide what is to do. Clarifying those mechanisms will engage the best talents in (34)embryology and molecular biology for some times to come.(35)What is perhaps the most intriguing question of all is if the brain is powerful enough to solve the puzzle of its own creation.答案:26.preventing改为prevent27plicated改为complexion28.sight后加into29.neuroscientist改为a neuroscientist30.pursuing后加inter改为latter32.similar改为similarly33.去掉is34.times改为time35.if改为whether2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案2Because the air in the country is really clean, we ought to live there much as is possible. Since, however, a great deal of the worlds (26)work must be done indoor in cities, it is important that we take every (27)precaution to ventilate our houses properly. Some people have thought that night air is injurious. But careful study shows that night air is identical with that which we breath during the day. In face the (28)proper ventilation of a bedroom is one of the first necessity for good (29)health. Since the exhaled air is usually warmer and lighter than the inhaled air, it rises to the top of the room. Therefore it is better to open a window both at the top to let the warm up air out and also at (30)the bottom to admit the fresh air in. Of course, this does not mean (31)that one should sleep in a strong draft. In many places it is feasible to sleep out-of-the-doors on a sleeping porch and so to secure perfect (32)ventilation. In recent years we have seen steady progress made in the development of equipments to supply proper conditioned air not only in large (33)auditoriums, class-rooms, and factories, but also in railroad trains and in private homes. This equipment cleans the air off dust, keeps (34)the temperature comfortable, holds the humidity at the right point, and keeps the air in the motion. Such a condition is conductive to (35)efficiency as well as good health.答案：26.much前加as27.indoor改为indoors28.breath改为breathe29.necessity改为necessities30.up改为upper31.去掉in32.out-of-the-doors改为out-of-doors33.equipments改为equipment34.off改为of35.去掉the2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案3Henry Fielding, the famous novelist who was also 26)a London magistrate, once madea night raid to two known hideouts in this city-within-a-city; he found seven men,women, and children packed away in a few tiny 27)stinking rooms. All of these people,included little children of five and six who were trained as pick-pockets, were wantedfor crime. Conditions like these bred more criminals. One of the 28)typical cases was that Jack Shepard, whose execution in 1724 was watched by two hundred thousand people. Shepard, the son of honest working people, was an 29)apprentice in a respectful trade. He ran away from it because he fancied that he had been ill-treated, and soon 30)found it was easy to make more money by thieving 31)as his father had done by a lifetime of honest work. 32)In Shepard’s day highwaymen committed robberies at broad daylight, in sight of a crowd, and rode solemnly and 33)triumphantly through the town with danger of molestation. If they were chased, twenty or thirty armed men were ready34)to come to their assistance. Murder was a everyday affair, 35)and there were many people who made heroes from the murderers.答案：26.to * on27.included * including28.Jack * of Jack29.respectful * respectable30.was easy * easy31.as * than32.at * in33.with * without34.a * an35.from * of2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案4The changes in language will continue forever, but no one knows sure (26)who does the changing. One possibility is that children are responsible. A professor of linguistic at the University of Hawaii, (27)explores this in one of his recent books. Sometimes around1880, a (28)language catastrophe occurred in Hawaii when thousands of emigrant (29)workers were brought to the islands to work for the new sugar industry. These people speaking different languages were unable to communicate with each other or with the native Hawaiians or the dominant English-speaking owners of the plantations. So they first spoke in Pidgin English -- the sort of thing such mixed language (30)populations have always done. A pidgin is not really a language at all. It is more like a set of verbal signals used to name objects and (31)without the grammatical rules needed for expressing thought and ideas. And then, within a single generation, the whole mass of mixed people began speaking a totally new tongue: Hawaiian Creole. The (32)new speech was contained ready-made words borrowed form all the (33)original tongues, but beared little or no resemblance to the (34)predecessors in the rules used for stringing the words together. Although generally regarded as primitive language, Hawaiian Creole (35)had a highly sophisticated grammar.答案:26. sure前加for27.linguistic改为linguistics.28. sometimes改为sometime.29.emigrant改为immigrant30.去spoke后的in31.and改为but.32. people改为peoples.33. 去speech后的was.34. beared改为bore.35. as前加a2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案5I think it is true to saying that, in general, language teachers(26)have paid little attention to the way sentences are used in combination to form stretches of disconnected discourse. They have tended to take (27)their cue from the grammarian and have concentrated to the teaching (28)of sentences as self-contained units. It is true that these are often represented in "contexts" and strung together in dialogues and (29)reading passages, but these are essentially setting to make the formal properties of the sentences stand out more clearly, properties which are then established in the learners brain(30)by means of practice drill and exercises. Basically, the language teaching unit is the (31)sentence as a formal linguistic object. The language teachers view of what that constitutes knowledge of a language is essentially the same (32)as Chomskys knowledge of a syntactic structure of sentences,(33)and of the transformational relations which hold them. Sentences are seen as paradigmatically rather than syntagmatically related. Such a knowledge "provides the basis for the actual use of language by the speaker-hearer". The assumption that the language appears to make (34)is that once this basis is provided, then the learner will have no difficulty in the dealing with the actual use of language.(35)答案：26.saying改为say27.disconnected改为connected28.to改为on29.represented改为presented30.brain改为mind31.drill改为drills32.去掉what后面的that33.去掉knowledge后的anguage后加teacher35. 去掉dealing前面的the。
专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷152(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷152(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. LANGUAGE USAGEPART III LANGUAGE USAGE1．The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of medieval alchemists.正确答案：begins—beginnings解析：译文：现代化学实验的开端要追溯到中世纪的炼金术。
分析：考查词性。
此处要求名词作主语，而begins是动词形式。
应改为其动名词形式beginnings。
知识模块：改错2．George Washington Carver found hundred of uses for the peanut, the sweet potato, and the soybean and thus stimulated the cultivation of these crops.正确答案：hundred—hundreds解析：译文：乔治-华盛顿-卡佛发现了花生、甘薯以及大豆的数百种用途，因而刺激了这些作物的种植。
分析：考查习语。
表示不确定数目时，数词需要变为复数，如hundreds of，thousands of，millions of等。
知识模块：改错3．Conservative philosophers argue that the very structure of society is threatening by civil disobedience, while humanists stress the primacy of the individual conscience.正确答案：threatening—threatened解析：译文：保守的哲学家辩称社会结构受公民不顺从的威胁，而人文主义者则强调个人意识高于一切。
分析：考查被动语态。
专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷136(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷136(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTIONPART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:(1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.(2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write tPositive for Youth aims to place teenagers and young peopleat its heart. There is the accurate expectation teenagers themselves【M1】______have the responsibility to improve their local communities. The government pioneered the idea that young people are capable ofaccessing the quality of their local services. Another 【M2】______government-funding scheme created by the NCB, this time with【M3】______the British Youth Council and disabled children’s charity KIDS, isYoung Inspectors, which train some of the most disadvantaged【M4】______young people from poorer communities to inspect and report onlocal services. The Young Inspectors scheme, so far, helped change【M5】______the lives of more than 1,400 young people and improved more than 600 local services. It is the illegal requirement across public services to listen to【M6】______ the views of service users. There is a business case for commercial suppliers to listen to consumers. Teenagers use many public services such as police stations, clinics, clubs and libraries; andalso spend as many as ￡12bn in shopping and travel up to age 19【M7】______via the commercial sector. They want to see services improved, not just for themselves but for their families and neighbours too.Involving young people as Young Inspectors makes a business【M8】______sense, and is a means of developing young people’s self-esteem, their ability to analyse and communicate, and many other skillsthat are critical to employers. At the NCB we are pleased with Positive For Youth’s holisticapproach to give young people more opportunities and better【M9】______support, and we will be eagerly watching to see what the policies【M10】______take shape.1．【M1】正确答案：∧teenagers—that解析：语法错误。
专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. LANGUAGE USAGEPART III LANGUAGE USAGEOnce upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage—twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularlyelderly women, making up a large proportion of those【S1】______are living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners【S2】______on their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle【S3】______choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative—dark and cold,since being together suggested warmth and light. But then came【S4】______along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone. The booming economy means people are working harder thanever. And that doesn’t leave much rooms for relationships. Pimpi【S5】______Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris,says he hasn’t got time to get alone because he has too much work.【S6】______”I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fair【S7】______difficult. “ Only an Ideal Woman would make him change hislifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, an author of a recent book called The【S8】______Single Woman and Prince Charming, thought this very new【S9】______individualism means that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships don’t last long—if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing.She says she’d never have wanted to do that her mother did—give up【S10】______a career to raise a family. Instead, “I’ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life. “1．【S1】正确答案：making—make解析：动词形式错误。
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[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷151
一、PART III LANGUAGE USAGE
1 A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten the lives.
2 Concentration is one of the most important elements in dangerous driving.
3 The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom.
4 While technology makes this possible for four or even six billion of us to exist, it also eliminates our job opportunities.
5 The West Lake is so beautiful place that it attracts thousands of tourists every year.
6 Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating a series of indicators that could help themselves to predict earthquakes.
7 As inevitably as human culture has changed with the passing of time, so does the environment.
8 Those students, who have passed the examination, they needn't take the course this term.
9 Zoological parks in many cities export birds from many lands and are a source of recreation for millions of people each year.
10 An expert, together with some assistants, have been sent to help us with the project.
11 In the eighteenth century farmers were quite self-sufficient. The farm family grew and made almost nothing it needed.
12 Salt Lake City, Utah's capital and largest city, is industrial and banking center.
13 The United States Constitution requires that the President be a natural-born citizen, thirty-five years of age or be older, who has lived in the United States for a minimum of fourteen years.
14 Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decompose animal debris.
15 A common use with gold in the nineteenth century was as a standard for the value of money.
16 A hologram is a pattern usually made on film in that can create a three-dimensional image of a scene.
17 The methods of spectrum analysis vary according to the wavelength region were studied.
18 Having resided in New Mexico for many years, painter Georgia O'Keefe employs such as Southwestern motifs as bleached bones, rolling hills, and desert blooms.
19 A microphone enables a soft tone to be amplified, thus making it possible the gentle renditions of romantic love songs in a large hall.
20 The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2,020 miles from Maine to Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world.
21 Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.
22 Too much electric current may flow into a circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit and of an outside event such as lightning.
23 Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing.
24 It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effective than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one's meaning.
25 Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long.。