考研英语完型填空-(四)
考研英语完型填空-(四)
(总分：240.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Section Ⅰ Use of English(总题数：3，分数：240.00)
According to myth, Rwanda's ancient line of kings descended from a man with secret knowledge: He could (1) ordinary rock into smooth, gleaming iron. (2) this new technology, he taught his people to make hard, durable weapons for defeating their enemies and sharp axes for cutting the forest to make fields. By the time the first Europeans arrived in the 19th century, iron had become (3) in the kingdom of Rwanda.
Other traditional African societies tell stories of (4) ironworkers who descended from heaven or came from other lands. The prevalence of such legends (5) the importance of ironworking in these cultures, and archaeologists have long wondered if the arrival of iron metallurgy (6) the growth of complex early societies. Did foreigners (7) bring ironworking to Africa, or did Africans invent it themselves?
Entering the Iron Age was not easy. Metalworkers had to melt ore at (8) temperatures and then repeatedly hammer and reheat the spongy metal. The traditional view is that metallurgists in Turkey were the first to melt iron ore (9) , beginning around 1800 B.C.E. Initially, they (10) the new metal for precious (11) or ritual objects. But by 1200 B.C.E., workers in the Levant were boiling out (12) amounts of iron.
The metal had a major (13) on societies. Iron was a transformative metal. Iron ores are much more (14) than copper or the tin needed to make bronze. Bronze was (15) costly and largely limited (16) use in ritual objects and goods for (17) . But once cultures learned to melt iron, they could put iron tools into the hands of (18) people for clearing forests and tilling the (19) . This boosted agricultural yields, increased the numbers of villages, and (20) ever more social complexity.
（分数：80.00）
(1).A. manipulate B. magnify C. transplant D. transform（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。rock into iron是一个“转变”的过程，四个选项中只有D项符合题意。
(2).A. After B. In C. Before D. With（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题。空格处所缺的是介词，它的宾语是this new technology。根据其后的内容——他教臣民制作武器和斧子，可知这里应填入一个含有“用，运用”含义的介词，选D项。
(3).A. throne B. emperor C. power D. conquest（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。前文提到，铁可以作为武器御敌，又可以砍伐树林，代表着先进的战斗力和生产力，可以判断，铁在当时是一种权力之源，即拥有了冶铁方法，也就拥有了权力。因此，C项
符合题意。
根据常识以及上下文，可以得知，铁不可能成为宝座、皇帝或者掠取地。因此，均不符合题意。
(4).A. ambitions B. mythical C. inspiring D. imaginary（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。ironworkers后面who引导的定语从句表明这些铁匠是“来自天堂或其他大陆”，言外之意是人们不知道他们不知从何而来，是神话般的、具有神话色彩的。因此，B项符合题意。
D项的干扰性较强，但是那些铁匠不是幻想虚构的，而是存在的，只是他们具有一定的神话和传奇色彩，因此，B项更加符合题意。
(5).A. influences B. underlines C. endangers D. accelerates（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：句子的主语是The prevalence of such legends(关于铁匠的传说的广泛流传)，宾语是the importance of ironworking(铸铁的重要性)，可见这里缺少了“表明，加强，强调，突出”等意义的动词作谓语。underline意为“强调，表明……的重要性，加强”，完全符合句意。
(6).A. spurred B. justified C. erected D. prevented（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。解题关键词是空格后的growth，且根据上文的种种表述，可判断铸铁的工艺是“促进”发展的，因而排除D项选A项。
(7).A. in fact B. as a result C. by the way D. at the same time（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。答对此题要联系空格所在句子的后半部分，即由or引导的小句。这里表示的是考古学家的猜测，是外国人______把铸铁技术带到了非洲还是非洲人自己创造出这项技术呢?根据句意，此处是一种表是“证实”的意义，表示“到底”真相如何?只有A项符合题意，意为“实际上，确切地说，其实”。
(8).A. minimum B. bioactive C. precise D. automatic（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。该段第一句提到，进入铁器时代不容易。第二句讲的是制作工艺，包括温度的控制和制作方法。填入的形容词修饰temperatures，precise temperatures指“精确地温度”，C项放入句中符合句意和逻辑。
结合常识可以判断，冶铁不可能在低温或者自动温度下进行，而必须在精确的温度下进行，因此其他三项均不符合题意。
(9).A. reluctantly B. deliberately C. voluntarily D. secretly（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。该句讲的是冶金的历史，既然是可究的传统观点，土耳其的冶金家在当时应当是“有意、公开地”开始熔炼铁矿石。如果是“秘密地”进行，下文应该还会给与其行为被发现的时间。因此这里选B项要比D项更符合逻辑。
(10).A. Beforehand B. Initially C. Eventually D. Similarly（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。解题的关键点在于下一句的转折词But和时间标志by 1200 B.C.E，由此判断空格所在句的情况发生在之前，这里选Initially符合句意。
A项意为“事先”，常用在订房、预定等方面，用在句中不妥；C和D项只是同类词干扰，只要知道意思便能马上将其排除。
(11).A. diamonds B. ornaments C. crystals D. equipment（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。根据空格前的内容reserved the metal可判断填入的内容是可以用铁制成的，四个选项中唯有ornaments“装饰品”符合逻辑，故B项正确。
(12).A. considerable B. considered C. flexible D. immeasurable（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。上文提到铁器仍然是得来不易的，而该句表转折的But表明这样的情况已得到改善。因此，此处空格应填入表示“相当大(或多)的”的词语，A项符合题意，意为“重大的，值得注意的，很大(或多)的”。
D项“不可估量的”用在此句过于夸张了，句意方面不如A项。此外，amount前面若需要表示“很多、很大”意义的词时，多用considerable，基本上算是一种常用搭配。
(13).A. catastrophe B. disturbance C. impact D. insertion（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。该段主要讲述的是的铁的用处，即铁对社会的影响及意义。因此，此空格选C项。
(14).A. abundant B. magnificent C. expensive D. extravagant（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。本句意为，在制作青铜的过程中，所需的铁矿石比铜墙铁壁或锡更______，这里是量的比较，故用表数量的abundant“大量的，充足的”一词，选A项。
(15).A. nevertheless B. therefore C. thereafter D. however（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。前一句说制造青铜需要的铁矿石较多，按照一般逻辑，空格处应填入含有结果之意的词才正确，故用B项。
句中没有明显的转折关系和时间的先后顺序，因而A、C、D项都不准确。
(16).A. in B. as C. to D. at（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：考查固定搭配。空格所缺词语必须和be limited构成搭配。be limited to是固定搭配，意为“局限于”。其他选项均不和be limited搭配使用。
(17).A. microorganisms B. elites C. revolutionists D. empires（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。既然青铜价格昂贵，那么应该只有上层人士才用得起。因此，B项符合题意，意为“出类拔萃的人，上层人士，掌权人物，精英”。
A和C项在意思上不符合句子意思和逻辑；D项意为“帝国，君权”，它不能表示“君王”，“君王”应该用emperor。
(18).A. countless B. ordinary C. folk D. unarmed（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据转折词But之后的内容“一旦学会了熔铁”，可知下文将要说铁开始被“普通百姓”普遍使用，ordinary people指“普通百姓”，这里选B项。
countless指“无数的，数不清的”，但根据空格前的内容可知，文章这里说的是铁与青铜不一样，普通百姓也可以普遍使用，因而选A项不如B项符合句意；folk作形容词时意为“民间的”，它作名词时才“老百姓”，后不接people；D项“赤手空拳的”不符合句子意思。
(19).A. floors B. apartments C. properties D. soils（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。空格中所缺的是动词till(耕)的宾语，用来耕犁的是土壤，因此，D 项符合题意。
(20).A. triggered B. aroused C. disrupted D. located（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。填入的动词与前面的boosted和increased并列，且宾语是social complexity，A项trigger与之搭配，意为“促使社会变得更加复杂”。
arouse指“唤起，唤醒”，其后常接sb.；C、D项明显不合句意。
Benjamin Franklin just got a face-lift. And it's about time. Over the past seven years, the Treasury Department has redesigned the ＄5, ＄10, ＄20 and ＄50 bills, citing counterfeiting (1) On April 21, the ＄100 bill (2) its fellows when the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) unveiled its latest bill. The ＄100 bill is the highest-denomination note in (3) and can weather more than seven years of (4) A humble ＄1 bill lasts only 21 months.
The American Revolution's continental currency-the first attempt (5) national tender-did not have the same kind of (6) . So much of the money was produced to (7) the war that it quickly (8) . In 1863, Congress (9) the issuance of paper tender, much of which was easy to counterfeit. It is estimated that one-third of money circulating at the time was (10) . But that didn't stop the government from producing (11) of it. By the time the BEP was officially established in 1874, the Treasury Department had been creating (12) for more than a decade-with dozens of clerks manually cutting and signing bills before the process was (13)
The U.S. started producing coins in 1792. The first piece of money to feature a President's (14) was a coin: the Abraham Lincoln penny, created in 1909. And (15) the fact that it costs
coin, more pennies are produced than any other U.S. denomination. (16) bills such as the ＄500, ＄1,000, ＄5,000, and ＄10,000 had no such luck, (17) , and the ＄100,000 note was printed but never released . (18) hundreds of billions of dollars in circulation at any given time (more than ＄330 billion was produced last year alone), updating security features on currency is a (n) (19) process. "In God We (20) ," sure. In humans, not so much.
（分数：80.00）
(1).A. consciousness B. tolerance C. sincerity D. concerns（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查词义辨析。上文说到美国财政部重新设计了5美元、10美元、20美元和50美元的纸币。而空格所在的小句提到了“faking”，我们可以看出，重新设计纸币和伪钞有关。由此可以判断出空格处填入“关注的事”最佳。D项符合题意。
A项意为“知觉、意识、观念”，B项意为“忍受、忍耐、宽容”，C项意为“诚实、真诚、忠实”。均不符合上下文句意。
(2).A. caught up with B. caught in C. led to D. led in（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查词组意义辨析。这句话主要讲的是面值100元的纸币，根据上文提到的“重新设计5元、10元、20元和50元的纸币”和空格后的宾语its fellows，可推断出100元的纸币是相继上述面值的纸币而推出的。四个选项中，只有A项“跟上、赶上”符合这一语义。因此，A项符合题意。
此处应填入动词词组与空格后的its fellows构成动宾搭配。B项“处于……的境地”与C项“导致”均不可和fellow构成搭配，可首先排除；D项“带进”代入文中不符合上下文语境，故也排除。
(3).A. survival B. circulation C. maintenance D. coordination（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查搭配问题。根据常识：100元的纸币是用来流通的，其价值也是在流通中体现的。据此可以判断，此处空格应该填入表示“流通”的词语，且空格前有介词in，要考虑搭配问题，因此，B项符合题意。in circulation此处意为“在流通的”。
A项“存活、幸存”不能与空格前的介词in构成搭配，可首先排除；C项“维持、保养”、D项“协调、协同”代入原文语义不通。
(4).A. usage B. existence C. use D. application（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查词义辨析。根据空格前的weather more than seven years和空格后所提到的“一元纸币只能供使用21个月”，可推断出此处空格要填入能表示“使用”的词。四个选项中，只有C项是符合题意的。
本题D项干扰性较强，application“应用”通常表示某种技术、系统或者产品的应用，不适合用于描述纸币；A项usage强调的是使用方法，用在此处不符题意，故排除；B项“存在、生存、发生”无法体现出“纸币的使用”这一语义。
(5).A. to B. in C. on D. at（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：固定搭配题。考查名词和介词的搭配。空格处需填入介词和attempt组合成表示“尝试”的短语，只有D项符合题意。attempt at意为“在某方面尝试、努力、企图”。如：Their first attempt at a solution was unsuccessful。
attempt后面也可以跟to，但是，后面需要跟动词原形，即attempt to do sth.，因此，A项不符合题意。它也可以和on连用，但经常用于attempt on one's life，表示“企图杀害某人”，on后面一般不跟别的宾语，故C也不符合题意。B、C两项不能和attempt搭配。
(6).A. longevity B. span C. assumption D. regulation（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。需要联系上下文。前文中提到100元纸币可以用7年，而1元钱只能用21个月。也就是说前面几句话都是在讨论纸币的寿命。由the same kind可推断出空格所在句子承接上文依然在讨论货币的寿命，意为“大陆币没有那么长寿”。四个选项中可以表示“长寿、寿命”的只有A项。
本题根据上下文语义可首先排除C、D项。B项span单独使用时通常指“一段时间、间距”，也可与life 连用(life span)表示“寿命”，这里没有出现life，故不能选。
(7).A. retain B. arrange C. succeed D. fund（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题。空格处应填入动词与war构成动宾搭配，表明生产那么多货币的目的。根据常识可知，战争会花费很多资金，故可推出那些货币是用来为战争提供资金的。四个选项中只有D项表示“资助、为……提供资金”。
(8).A. declined B. deprived C. depreciated D. appreciated（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查词义辨析。需要联系上下文，并结合常识，做出正确判断。空格所在句子的前半部分提到，为了资助战争发行了大量的货币。根据经济规律，货币发行量太大，必然导致贬值。因此，空格处应填入表示“贬值”意义的词。C项符合题意。
D项为反向干扰，意为“涨价、增值”，货币量过大，不可能使之升值，故排除。A项“拒绝、下降、衰退”、B项“剥夺、使丧失、使不能享受”，均不能与“货币”搭配。
(9).A. initiated B. uncovered C. authorized D. originated（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。需要结合常识，做出正确的选择。这句话的主语是Congress(国会)。在美国，一切重大事情都是由国会批准或授权的。因此，此处空格应填入表示“授权、批准”等意义的词。只有C项符合题意。
A项意为“开始、开创、发起”，B项意为“揭露、暴露、揭开……的盖子”，D项意为“引起、创始、发明、创作”，套入原句均不合逻辑。
(10).A. fake B. grand C. real D. complete（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。此题需联系前文加以理解。前面一句话说，1863年国会批准发行法定纸币，其中很多都极容易仿制。文中money circulating at the time提示了空格所在句子是承接上句内容进行描述的，因此可以判断空格处应填入表示“假币、假的”等意义的词。只有A项符合题意。
B、C、D项均表示正面含义，与原文上下文语境不符，故都排除。
(11).A. none B. more C. less D. some（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。需要联系上下文，考虑句子间的逻辑关系。这句话的关键词是but，它表示转折关系。前面一句话提到，当时流通的货币大概有三分之一都是假币。按常理，应该减少发行。但转折词but语义直转，表明政府并没有这么做，即还继续制造更多的货币。因此，正确答案应该是B项。
本题容易凭惯性思维“政府应减少发行”误选C项less，而忽略了文中的词组stop sb.from doingsth.“阻止某人做某事”。其他选项都不符合逻辑。
(12).A. coins B. finance C. currency D. banks（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。需要联系上下文，并结合常识做出判断。前文一直在谈论货币问题，而铸印局也是制作货币的专门机构。因此，空格处应当填入表示“货币”的词。C项符合题意。
A项意为“硬币、金属货币”，文章到这里还没有谈论到硬币，而是一直在谈论货币，因此，不能将范围缩小到硬币，A项不符合题意。财政部不可能制作“财政”或“银行”，故排除B、D项。
(13).A. automated B. industrialized C. artificial D. materialized（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。需要联系上下文，结合句子间的逻辑关系，才能做出正确的选择。本题的关键词是before，在此处表明其前后内容有对比的意思。前面说人工剪裁、签署货币，与此相对应的当然是“自动化”。因此，A项符合题意。
(14).A. spirit B. likeness C. body D. constitution（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。需要联系上下文，并结合常识。美国钱币上通常印有总统的画像，而句子后半部分也解释了硬币的具体内容是“林肯像”。由此可以判断出，此处空格应该填入表示“相貌、像、画像”等意义的词，与空格前的动词feature构成动宾搭配，只有B项符合题意。
A项意为“精神、灵魂”，是抽象名词，钱币上不可能印得出。C项意为“躯干、身体”，钱币上印的只是总统的头像，不可能是他的躯干。D项意为“构造、体制、素质、宪法”，这些在钱币上也不可能印出来。因此，均不符合逻辑。
(15).A. under B. despite C. against D. as（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：联接词题。考查句内逻辑关系。空格所缺词应该是联接词。它所联接的前半部分意为“制作一枚一美分的硬币，需要1.6美分”，后半部分意为“这种硬币比其他面额的硬币生产得多”。根据常理，既然制作成本比实际面值还高，应该少铸造这种硬币才是，但事实却是more pennies are produced。由此可判断，此处需要填入表示让步关系的联接词。B项符合题意。
A项意为“在……之下、承受着、在……期间”，C项意为“违反、对着、和……对比”，D项意为“作为、当作、像”。都不能表示让步，故不正确。
(16).A. Popular B. Well-recieved C. Short-lived D. Notorious（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。这句话的关键是had no such luck“没有如此的好运”，“好运”指的就是前一句话中提到的：即使造一美分硬币需要1.6美分，这种硬币还是比其他面额的硬币生产得多。而下文由表并列关系的连词and引导分句，指出“10万美元的纸币虽然印刷过却从未发行过”，综合分析前后的逻辑关系，可以判断出这里说的500元面值等纸币应该是“短命的”，因此，C项符合题意。
A、B项意思相近，一道题不可能有两个答案，可首先排除。D项意为“声名狼藉的”用于形容纸币不符合语境。
(17).A. thus B. so C. otherwise D. though（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：联接词题。考查句子间的逻辑关系。前文说到一美分硬币的流行，空格所在句子说大面值纸币的短命。两个句子间是转折关系。只有D项符合题意，表转折。
A、B项表结果，C项意为“除此之外、不然、否则”，表示条件关系。均不符合句子逻辑。
(18).A. With B. Beyond C. Among D. Despite（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。考查逻辑关系和介词的用法。空格处应填入介词，与后面的名词性短语构成介宾搭配在句中作状语，表示伴随状态。四个选项中只有with能表示伴随状态，故答案为A项。
B项意为“除……之外、非……可及、超脱于”，C项意为“在……中”，D项意为“尽管、不管”，表示让步关系。均不符合句子逻辑。
(19).A. intermittent B. optimistic C. continual D. continental（分数：4.00）
A.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查词义辨析。此题需要联系上文加以理解。文中第二段捉到，1863年发行的法定货币极容易仿制，当时流通的货币有三分之一是假币。此处空格所在句子则提到了更新货币的安全特征，由此可见，这应该是一个持续的过程，只有C项符合题意。
A项“断断续续的、周期性的”为近义干扰，货币的防伪特征更新若是断断续续进行，则难以保证安全性，故排除。B项“乐观的”与D项“大陆的、大陆性的”均不可用来形容process。
(20).A. Support B. Trust C. Respect D. Interrogate（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，兼考查搭配。这个句子是倒装句，正常语序为“We______in God”，因此，填入空格的词需要和in搭配。结合题中的四个选项，可以判断出B项为正确答案，意为“信任、相信”。
A项意为“支持、支撑”，C项意为“尊敬、尊重”，D项意为“质问、审问”，后面直接跟宾语，故排除。The major task facing adolescents is to create a stable identity. There are some developmental tasks that enable them to create an identity.
It's important to accept one's physique. The beginning of puberty and the rate of body changes for adolescent varies tremendously. How easily adolescents deal with those changes will (1) reflect how closely their bodies match the well-defined (2) of the "perfect" body for young women and young men. Adolescents who do not match it may need (3) support from adults to improve their feelings of comfort and self-worth regarding their physique.
Try to achieve emotional independence from parents. Children derive strength from (4) their parents' values and attitudes. Adolescents, (5) , must redefine their (6) of personal strength and move toward self-reliance. This change is (7) if the adolescent and parents can agree on some level of (8) that increases over time. (9) , parents and adolescents should set a time by which children must be back home. That time should be increased (10) the adolescent matures. Prepare for an economic career. In our society, an adolescent (11) adult status when he or she is able to (12) support himself or herself. This task has become more (13) than in the past because the job market demands increased education and skills. Today, this developmental task is generally not achieved (14) late adolescence or early adulthood, after the individual completes her/his education and gains some entry level work experience.
Adolescents can think abstractly and about possible situations. With these (15) in thinking, the adolescent is able to develop his or her own (16) of values and beliefs. Thus, it is essential to take an ideology as a guide to behavior.
The family is where children define themselves and their world. Adolescents (17) themselves and their world from their new social roles. Status (18) the community, beyond that of family is an important achievement for older adolescents and young adults. Adolescents and young adults become members of the larger community (19) employment (financial independence) and (20) independence from parents.
（分数：80.00）
(1).A. partly B. seriously C. completely D. hardly（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。填入的词表示的是影响的程度。partly“部分地，在一定程度上”符合句意，A项正确。
C项和D项说法极端，排除。B项“严重地”无法修饰后面的动词reflect“反映”。
(2).A. shapes B. modes C. forms D. stereotypes（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。本句说的是：青少年是否能轻松应对这些变化，一定程度上反映出他们的身体与年轻人“完美”身材______的匹配程度。完美一词被加上引号，这是公众长期形成的固有观念，因此D项“固有观念，偏见”为正确选项。
其他三个选项均无法传达出“观念”这一内涵，排除。
(3).A. extensive B. extra C. entire D. overall（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。身材没达到标准的青少年需要的是来自成人“额外”的帮助，A、C、D 三项的说法都过于严重和绝对，只有B项符合句意。
(4).A. internalizing B. abandoning C. requiring D. sustaining（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。internalize意为“使(态度、看法、行为等经学习或同化而)内在化(为本性或主观意识)”，句子主语children提示答案为A项。
B项与文意相反；C、D项不符合children的身份。
(5).A. however B. moreover C. therefore D. furthermore（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：考查关联词。本段第二句说到孩子通过受父母的价值观潜移默化获得力量，本句则说青少年必须重新定义……，通过children和adolescents的对比，可知此处是转折关系，A项正确。
(6).A. resources B. sources C. nature D. views（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。本段第二句和第三句形成了对比关系，抓住第二句的关键短语derive…from(来源于)，推断第三句青少年redefine的内容应该是某种“来源”，即B项。
(7).A. evident B. spontaneous C. smoother D. apparent（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。从孩童过渡到青少年，会发生一系列的变化，如果青少年和父母能达成共识，这一过程就能______，根据空格后的if假设，很明显正确选项为C项。
A项、B项和D项的意思均体现不出与后面的假设有联系。
(8).A. involvement B. independence C. interference D. isolation（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。该段最后两句是对该空格所在句的具体说明，“设定回家时间”可被视为是一种走向“独立”的表现。而四个选项中，只有B项“独立”能随年龄而增长，故选B项。
A项表意不明，与其后提及的内容不符；C项与文意相反；D项不符合父母对孩子的做法。
(9).A. For exaraple B. To some extent C. As example D. In a sense（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：考查关联词。“父母和青少年一起设定回家的时间”是对前句内容的举例说明，因此A项：For example 正确。B项和D项表程度，C项表列举，不用于举例。
(10).A. before B. during C. as D. after（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。此处as引导一个时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一件事也立即发生，意为“随着……”。这里指“(随着)青少年逐渐成熟，规定的回家时间也应该往后推延”。
空格后是一个完整的句子，所以需要一个连词来连接，B项是介词，可首先排除；A项逻辑不对；D项无法体现逐渐成熟的状态。
(11).A. develops B. selects C. finds D. reaches（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据后面的when he or she…，即成为成年人的条件，可知reach“达到，获得”符合句意。
(12).A. financially B. physically C. mentally D. psychologically（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。青少年独立的先决条件是经济上要独立，而且上文提到了economic career，下文也提到了job market等词，不难判断这里选A项。
其他三个选项与上文的economic career难以匹配，因而不选。
(13).A. possible B. available C. feasible D. difficult（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。由后半句because引导的原因状语从句可知，因为就业市场对知识和技能的要求越来越高，现在的年轻人要获得经济上的独立越来越“不容易”，因此选D项。
(14).A. after B. before C. until D. as（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，并考查固定搭配。until用于否定句时，until前面的主句谓语动词常用终止性动词，表示动作“直到……才发生”，根据空格之前的not，不难判断此处选C项。
(15).A. abilities B. changes C. transforms D. variables（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。上文全是在讲变化，因此选B项。
(16).A. goal B. thought C. definition D. set（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：考查固定搭配。根据句意：有了思维方面的这些变化，青少年才得以形成他们自己的______价值观和信念，D符合句意，his or her own set of意为“他或她自己的一套”。
A项、B项和C项后面应接具体的事物，而不是values等抽象慨念，因而不正确。
(17).A. judge B. define C. relieve D. free（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。本句意为：年轻人从他们获得的新社会角色中定义自己，B项最符合句意。本题也可根据前一句的define推出答案。
(18).A. in B. within C. beyond D. without（分数：4.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。the community和family是一大一小的两个范畴，因此community前面的介词应该用within，表示“在……范围内”，与family前面的beyond“在……(范围)之外”对照，B为正确选项。
A项in的用法比较广泛，而当表示“在某个具体范围之内”时只能用within。
(19).A. by B. toward C. through D. with（分数：4.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：语义逻辑题。空格前提到青少年和年轻人成为更大群体成员，空格后面提到了两个途径：employment(就业)和independence from parents(独立于父母)，据此可判断此处需要一个表示“通过……的途径”的介词，因此C项正确。
(20).A. emotional B. physical C. economical D. religious（分数：4.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。本句中，空格中需要填入的是与经济独立(financial independence)并列的内容。四个选项中，只有A项“情感上的”符合题意。
B项physical independence(身体独立)是一生下来就具有的，首先排除；C项与financial independence 重复，排除；D项(宗教独立)文中没有提及，也应当排除。
最新考研英语完型填空练习题及答案(一)
考研英语完型填空练习题及答案（一） Having passed what I considered the worst obstacle, our spiritsrose. We__1__towards the left of the cliff, where the going was better, 2 rathersteeper. Here we found little snow, 3 most of it seemed to have been 4 off themountain. There was no 5 of the mountain in the distance because the cloudswere forming all around us. About 1 o’clock a storm 6 suddenly. We had time to have 7 its approach but wewere concentrating on cutting steps, and 8 we had time to do anything, we wereblinded by snow. We could not move up or down and had to wait 9 , gettingcolder and colder. 10 my hood(兜帽), my nose and cheeks were frostbitten and I dared not take a handout of my glove to warm them. After two hours of this, I realized we would have to do 11 to avoidbeing frozen to death where we stood. From time to time through the mist I had12 the outline of a dark buttress(扶壁)just above us, todescend in the wind was 13 question; our only hope was to scramble up to thisbuttress, and dig out a platform at the foot of it on which we could 14 ourtent. We climbed to this place and started to 15 the ice. At first mycompanion seemed to regard the 16 as hopeless but gradually the wind 17 and hecheered up. 18 we had made a platform big enough to put up the tent, and we didthis as 19 we could. We 20 into our sleeping bags and fell
2005-2015年历年考研英语一完形填空真题
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2016考研英语真题解析：完形填空终于看懂了
2016考研英语真题解析：完形填空终于看懂了 2016考研英语一的完形填空主题是关于“柬埔寨青年的结婚习俗”,内容好理解,题目也很简单,如果有同学最后不做而靠蒙的话,可就有点可惜了! 下面跨考教育英语教研室孟老师以2016年真题为例，为考生详细解析完形填空：Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family. The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__198 0s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ pray ers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in h oly water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily ma rried and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife' s parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months. 1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as 2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to 3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone 4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example 5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although 6. A. into B. within C. from D. through 7. A. or B. since C. but D. so 8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create 9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying 10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving 11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union 12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live 13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if 14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain 15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed 16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however
考研英语完形填空之答案详解
2008年考研英语真题——完型填空 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,13 hey also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 ave previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 ucation. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 is argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 em to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 ate of affairs. 1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased 2. [A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare 3. [A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against 4. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately 5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence 6. [A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk 7. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects 8. [A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question 9. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating 10. [A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total 11. [A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately [C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably 12. [A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers 13. [A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve 14. [A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile 15. [A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down 16. [A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing 17. [A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument 18. [A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined 19. [A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed 20. [A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuous
2016考研英语：完型填空考点总结
2016考研英语：完型填空都考什么 完型填空在考研英语复习中的位置其实是一个比较尴尬的角色，因为大部分考生会把主要精力放在考研英语阅读和作文的攻克上，相比这两大部分而言，完型填空的分值确实相对较少，但并不等于可以就此放过。在2016考研的战场上，一分可能就是成功与失败的距离。今天我们就通过考研英语真题来看看，完型填空的那个“空”到底想考查什么。 【相关真题】 As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 . Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 . The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why 2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses
2006年考研英语完形填空真题解析
2006年考研英语完形填空真题解析 The homeless make up a growing percentage of America's population. 1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can't possibly 2 . To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. 5 everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates 6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. 7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8 , one of the federal government's studies 9 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives 16 . Boston Globe reporter Chris Reedy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it. "There has to be 20 of programs. What we need is a package deal." 1.[A]Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain 3.[A]in[B]for[C]with[D]toward 4.[A]raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep 5.[A]Generally[B]Almost[C]Hardly[D]Not 6.[A]cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ 7.[A]Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that 8.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending 9.[A]predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers 10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only 12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house 13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering 14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas 15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance 16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up 17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating 18.[A]So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus 19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes 20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordination 文章背景 本文主要介绍了美国社会中的无家可归者，以及他们目前的现状：他们的数量已经增长至地方政府对付不了的地步，需要联邦政府采取措施帮助他们重新获得自立。但是，许多无家可归者即使在解决温饱之后仍然游荡街头，这是因为他们要么酗酒或吸毒成瘾，要么患严
考研英语完型填空
考研英语完型填空：Use of English 在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整 一、完形填空文章的特点 1. 2. 1)主题（focus） 2)导向性或作者态度的倾向性（观点和态度） 3.短文通常包含三部分基本结构 1)主题呈现 ①文首直接点题 ②用引子（如与主题相关的背景，与论点相似或相对立的观点等）引出主题，主题句在文中或文末出现 2)主题展开 ①提出问题或表述观点后，要对其进行分析、论证，即展开主题 ②主题展开方式，主要体现在短文段落的划分（论述的层次）及各段主题的安排（分论点）上 3)作结 ①下结论 ②提建议 ③概括、总结全文 ④描述事件发展的结果、影响 4. 1)总述是对分述的总结和概括-（中心主线） 2)分述是对总述的展开和祥述-（确保主线贯穿全文） 5. 二、考查要求：能够熟练运用考试大纲要求的英语词汇及语法知识 1.语言要素(包括词汇、语法即表达方式和结构) ① ② 2.语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等) ① 四、完形填空考查内容: 1.词汇知识:形近词及近义词的（动词短语、介词短语）辨析；词汇搭配；一词多义 2.语法知识: 句子基本结构；逻辑关系；上下文语法搭配 ①六大逻辑关系：转折、让步、因果、并列、总分、递进 ②六类从句用法：主宾表，定状同 ③介词含义和用法 ④副词的程度与频率 ⑤句子内部语法结构 3.阅读能力:句子内部信息获取；上下文信息获取；上下文语意关系
五、命题特点： 1.一篇完整的文章=未知信息（20处填空）+已知信息，通过已知信息破解未知信息 2.文章的语言难度显然低于阅读理解题，甚至低于大纲样题 3.干扰选项也多是常用词汇，设置时考虑了内容和结构两方面的完整性与合理性 4.命题大大弱化了对词汇及语法的单纯考查，而加重了对语段特征的辨识能力的考查，即加大了测试语篇水平理解题， 特别是上下文衔接题的比列 六、真题当选选项分布特点 1.A、B、C、D的个数在4个到6个之间，5个最常见 2.几乎没有连续3个答案都一样的情况，连续两个答案都一样的情况在0到3个之间 七、解题思路: 1. ①初步把握：篇章主题、文章基调与作者观点、态度，以及文章的脉络结构（段落划分、段落主题、行文逻辑） 2. ①先解答比较容易、有把握的题目 ②先从整体着手，再根据不断增多的文章信息推断细节 3.第三步：基本完成解题后，需要再读全文，已进行检查 4.解题过程中要时刻具备“语篇意识”，注意选项在上下文语境中是否通顺、连贯、合理 八、完形“十二类”标准题型对应解决方法（相关已知信息提示-线索定位分析法） 欲解出一个未知填空，首先需要在文章的已知信息中定位所有与这个未知填空相关联的已知信息点（线索），通过这些已知的信息点的分析总结，推断出未知填空的答案 对整篇文章从结构布局、上下文关系到句子内部结构进行层层分析，从各个层次定位未知填空的相关已知线索，从已知信息破解未知信息 相关已知信息点（提示线索）的分布规律： ①句子内部：每处具体的未知填空都处在一个具体的句子之中，因此与未知填空相关联的已知信息往往处在于此句子 之中，也就是说此未知填空的附近 ②上下文：由于完形文章的上下文之间往往有着明显的逻辑关系，因此一些与填空相关联的已知信息也会分布在此填 空所在句子的上下文中 ③整个意群、段落、文章的结构中：除了看未知填空所在的句子、所在句子的上下句之外。还有一些相关联的已知 信息需要从填空处的整个意群、段落、文章的结构和文章的中心主线所包含的信息去查找
考研英语完型填空之答案详解
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析
2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析(沪江完美版) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as ―a bodily exercise precious to health.‖ But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. __6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___