新课标高考英语语法定语从句高考真题例析
新课标高考英语语法定语从句高考真题例析
定语从句(一)
考点1正确选择关系词
1．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.(2014·重庆，9)
答案which/that
解析考查定语从句。句意为：再有一个月我们就能完成年初制订的销售目标了。which/that指代targets，在从句中充当set的宾语。
2．I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(2014·湖南，31)
答案when
解析考查定语从句。先行词为the day，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。
3．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.(2014·安徽，22)
答案which/that
解析考查定语从句。先行词是the exact year，定语从句中的动词spent是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故填which/that。
4．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.(2014·山东，10)
答案whose
解析考查定语从句。句意为：国内市场利润萎缩的公司可能会寻求国外市场的机会。空格后名词profits 和先行词company形成所属关系，故应填whose。
5．Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.(2014·陕西，13)
答案that
解析考查定语从句。先行词是information，指物，关系词在从句中作及物动词have的宾语，且先行词有不定代词all修饰，故关系词只能用that。
6．Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.(2013·湖南，21)
答案who
解析考查定语从句。句意为：快乐和成功总是会眷顾那些善于认清自己的优点和特长的人。分析句子成分后可知，“ are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定语从句修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，指人，所以用who引导。
名师点拨
做此类题的关键是判断先行词和分析句子成分。
若句中缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语，则用关系代词；
若句中缺少状语，则用关系副词。
然后再根据先行词的特点确定具体用哪一个关系代(副)词。
考点2where引导定语从句
7．Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.(2014·福建，31)
答案where
解析考查定语从句。关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词community activities，且在从句中作地点状语。
8．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work a good impression is a must.(2014·江苏，22)
答案where
解析考查定语从句。句意为：这本书在日常交际中给予我很大的帮助，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中。根据句意知关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
9．It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.(2009·福建，24)
答案where
解析考查定语从句。先行词是situation，指物，亦可指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。
名师点拨
借助于“句子成分分析法”，确定先行词，分析从句中若缺少地点状语，则用where来引导。注意表示抽象地点的先行词有：case，point，situation，condition，activity，job，race，position，stage，degree等。
考点3which和as引导非限制性定语从句
10．Until now，we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children， is quite unexpected.(2014·四川，4)
答案which
解析考查非限制性定语从句。此题考查which指代整个主句内容引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语。句意为：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了50 000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。
11． is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.(2013·陕西，16)
答案As
解析句意为：就像其他小孩子一样，医生来的时候Amy好多了。as is often the case通常就是这样，此处as引导定语从句。
12．We have launched another man-made satellite， is announced in today’s newspaper.(2013·天津，6)
答案which
解析考查非限制性定语从句。which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。
名师点拨
as和which引导的定语从句的特点以及两者的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首、句中、句尾，
而which从句只能置于被修饰句子的后面；which可在从句中作实义动词的主语，as不可；主、从句语义不一致时，只能用which；as含有“正如”之意，which没有。
考点4“名词/代词/数词等＋of＋which/whom”引导定语从句
13．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures， (每一种文化) uses it differently.(2014·天津，12)
答案each of which
解析考查定语从句。前后两个分句间无连词，由标点符号“逗号”可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，对先行词diverse cultures进行补充说明，又由后面谓语动词uses可知，应填each of which。
14．The children， (所有的孩子) had played the whole day long，were worn out.(2013·浙江，5)
答案all of whom
解析考查定语从句。先行词为children，故需要用who(m)来指代，再根据汉语提示即可确定答案。
15．John invited about 40 people to his wedding， (大多数人) are family members.(2013·重庆，24)
答案most of whom
解析考查定语从句。句意为：约翰大约邀请了40人参加他的婚礼，其中大多数是他的家人。先行词是40 people，指人；再根据句意可知用关系代词whom。
名师点拨
根据标点符号和有无连词，判断是非限制性定语从句还是并列句。如果句与句之间有并列连词and，but 或者分号，则是并列句；如果是逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面内容的补充说明，则是非限制性定语从句，应该使用关系词。然后用“代入”法，把关系代词换成先行词，其关系就一目了然了。如上面1题中each of which ＝ each of the cultures；2题中all of whom ＝ all of the children。
考点5定语从句与状语从句的比较
16．The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.(2013·浙江，13)
答案where
解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built为定语从句，a viewing platform为先行词，从句缺少地点状语，应当由关系副词where引导。
17．If you happen to get lost in the wild，you’d better stay you are and wait for help.(2012·四川，10)
答案where
解析考查地点状语从句。where引导的地点状语表明主句动作发生的地点，即：你最好呆在你现在所在的地方。
18．It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(2014·江西，35)
答案when
解析考查状语从句。句意为：当我的父亲把我叫醒并告诉我看足球赛的时候，那时是午夜。本句中it 指代“时间”，when引导的是一个时间状语从句。
名师点拨
做此类题的关键是分析从句中是否有先行词。若有，则为定语从句；若没有，则是状语从句、强调句等。
考点6定语从句与强调句的比较
19．It was the culture，rather than the language， made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014·福建，29)
答案that
解析考查强调句。句意为：是风俗文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。这里强调主语部分the culture，rather than the language，所以用that引导。
名师点拨
区分定语从句还是强调句，看从句中是否缺少句子成分，如果去掉it is/was...that/who...，结构仍完整，则为强调句，反之，则是定语从句。
定语从句(二)
Ⅰ.高考变式——用适当的关系词填空
1．I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week， my classmates recommended to me.(2014·北京，26)答案which
解析考查定语从句。此处Sherlock Holmes是先行词，作recommended的宾语；又因为是非限制性定语从句，故填which。
2．I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade， I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(2014·浙江，5)
答案when
解析考查定语从句。上句说“我直到五年级才成为一个热衷攀爬的人”，后面句子就是在五年级这个时间，作者去树上把一个风筝取了下来。the fifth grade为先行词，作后面句子的时间状语，故用when引导。
3．Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.(2013·北京，27)
答案where
解析考查定语从句。句意为：目前，许多国家正在建立一些国家公园，动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。先行词为national parks，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
4．There is no simple answer， is often the case in science.(2013·山东，31)
答案as
解析考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。as is often the case为固定搭配，意为“情况通常是这样”。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句话的内容，可置于句首、句中或句尾。
5．When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ，4)
答案where
解析句意为：当我到达的时候，拜伦带我去看了我将要住的房子。此处先行词是the house，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导定语从句。
6．Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012， made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.(2013·安徽，29)
答案which
解析句意为：莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人多年来的一个梦想成为现实。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前的全部内容。
7．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.(2013·福建，27)
答案whose
解析句意为：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。本题的先行词是those表示人，定语从句的主语是lives，与先行词构成所属关系，应使用关系代词whose引导。
8．The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China， he remembers starting as early as his childhood.(2013·江苏，32)
答案which
解析考查定语从句。句意为：世界银行的总裁说他喜欢中国，这一点他记得早在他的童年时期就开始了。which指代“喜爱中国”这件事。
9．He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.(2013·江西，33)
答案where
解析考查定语从句的引导词。句意为：他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的事情。定语从句中主谓宾俱全，缺少状语，因此填where，在本句中相当于in which。
10．He may win the competition，in case he is likely to get into the national team.(2013·辽宁，34)
答案which
解析考查非限制性定语从句。in which case意为“在这种情况下”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
体裁：记叙文话题：节假活动词数：179
Wife：It’s Friday today.How do you want to spend the evening，darling?
Husband：Well，why not go 1 (dance)？We haven’t done that 2 a long time.
Wife：Oh，to tell the truth，I don’t really feel like going dancing tonight.I had a hard day and I’m sort of tired.What’s more，I 3 (suppose)to go rock climbing with my colleague Dorothy tomorrow morning.
Husband：Well，in that 4 ，we could go to the new movie Life of Pi，by that world-famous director Ang Lee.I really like his work，5 will stop showing the day after tomorrow.
Wife：Oh，we go to the movies 6 much.Can’t we do something different for a 7 ，honey?
Husband：Well，do you have any suggestions?
Wife：Let me see.How do you feel about asking some friends over to play cards?
Husband：It’s OK with me， 8 we don’t have any beer or anything to eat at home.
Wife：Well， 9 is better to call Juliet and ask her and that neighbor of 10 ，David，to come over，and I’ll go to the store and buy some food and drinks.
Husband：OK.That’s a good idea.
1．答案dancing
解析go dancing去跳舞。
2．答案for
解析句意为：我们很长时间没这么做了。
3．答案am supposed
解析be supposed to(按习惯、安排等)应该。
4．答案case
解析in that case固定搭配。
5．答案which
解析which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰work。
6．答案too
解析句意为：我们看电影太多了。too much太多。
7．答案change
解析句意为：我们能不能换个不同的事情呢？for a change 改变一下。
8．答案but
解析句意为：我还好，但是家里没有啤酒也没有吃的了。表示转折关系，用but。
9．答案it
解析固定句型：it is better to do...。
10．答案hers
解析neighbor of hers她的邻居，双重所有格。
高考近5年全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句
定语从句 一．考点概述： 本考点是历年高考中考查的重点，主要考查关系代词(who, which,that,whose,whom)和关系副词（when, where, why）的用 法；考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难 句的分析等 二．考点聚焦 功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 例如： He is the man who studies in USA. 本句中涉及到三个概念： 1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样 可作先行词。 2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用 引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom 关系副词：when;where;why 3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。 三．考点精讲 1. 关系代词 : who;which; that; whom; whose 其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况 (1)who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)
She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语) (2)which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语） That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (3)that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语） She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (4)whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。 She is the girl who/whom I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man whom teaches us English.(从句缺主语,本句用whom是错误的) (5)whose:指代从句中缺定语的情况（表示所属关系） That is the building whose windows broke last night.(本句中的windows是属于 the building构成一种所属关系即缺少building’s) 2.关系副词：when;where;why(该三个词主要用于从句是不缺主语或是宾语的情况 即从句是个完整句) (1) when:指代先行词表时间如：time；month;year;occasion等(形式上等于介词 +which) I still remember the day when /on which I came to Beijing.(该从句是一个完整的句子，先行词是the day在从句中需要加个介词on来做状语的成分即I came to Beijing on the day) (2)where :指代先行词是地点的词如：place;house;school;也可以是模糊的词如：point;stage;work;situation等(形式上等于介词+which) That is the place where/in which I was born .(该从句I was born也是一个完整句，即不缺主语或宾语的，此时where可以换成in which) (3)why:指代先行词是表原因的词即：reason（形式上只能是等于for+which) That is the reason why/for which he was late for school.
历年高考英语真题汇编_时态语态2.
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近五年高考英语语法填空从句总结
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定语从句讲与练 一、定语的概念： 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。比如： (先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语) a beautiful girl （ ） three boys （ ） a shoe factory （ ） Jim ’s father ( ) our teacher ( ) the man in the car （ ） the man standing at the door （ ） the man who is talking with Sam （ ） 二、定语从句的概念及主要特征： 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句 一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2. 定语从句的主要特征： （1）先行词要在从句中充当一定的成分； （2）what 永远不能引导定语从句； （3）翻译时先译从句，翻译成“…….的” 三、定语从句的基本用法： 定语从句 的引导词 关系代词 关系 副词 where (地点状语) when (时间状语)why (原因状语) （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，有时也作宾语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 分析：关系词who 在从句中作主语。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 分析：关系词_________在从句中作________。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 You needn ’t talk to the people who you don ’t like talking to. 分析：关系词______在从句中作________。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 分析：关系词_____ 在从句中作________。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 分析：关系词____在从句中作________ He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 译成汉语：_________________________________ 分析：关系词_________ 在从句中作________。 I lost the book whose cover was blue. 分析：关系词_________ 在从句中作________。 We live in a house whose windows face the south. 译成汉语:_________________________ 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.＝The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?＝Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 自己总结一下：在定语从句中，whose + 名词＝ ___________________________ 4．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 分析：关系词______在从句中作________。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 译成汉语:____________________ 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 译成汉语：___________________________ 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。 5．that 引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可以指物。指人时，相当于who 或whom ；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
一定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语主要由形容词担任。此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词也可以做定语。 a beautiful city; a bag full of money.注意：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， thirty women teachers ; his father; the girl in red. the boy from America Our monitor is always the first student to enter the classroom. falling leaves; fallen leaves; the boy playing basketball; the book bought by my mother; a reading room; a swimming pool He is the man who you are looking for. 二：定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why. 1. I have an apple. An apple is red. I have an apple that/which is red. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 2.I like some friends. Some friends like sports. I like friends who like sports. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 3.I like music. The music is quiet. I like music that/which is quiet. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.